Cold Flow Improvement Of Biodiesel And Investigation Of The Effect Of Biodiesel Emulsification On Diesel Engine Performance And Emissions

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Cold Flow Improvement of Biodiesel and Investigation of the Effect of Biodiesel Emulsification on Diesel Engine Performance and Emissions

Author : Osama Elsanusi
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (128 download)

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Book Synopsis Cold Flow Improvement of Biodiesel and Investigation of the Effect of Biodiesel Emulsification on Diesel Engine Performance and Emissions by : Osama Elsanusi

Download or read book Cold Flow Improvement of Biodiesel and Investigation of the Effect of Biodiesel Emulsification on Diesel Engine Performance and Emissions written by Osama Elsanusi and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasing concerns over environmental issues and conventional resource depletion have heightened our motivation to use clean and alternative fuels. Biodiesel is simply derived from biomass proposed as an alternative fuel for diesel engines, which contributes to a reduction in carbon monoxide (CO), smoke intensity, and unburned hydrocarbon (HC). However, biodiesel has inferior cold flow properties and emits higher nitrogen oxides (NOx) compared to conventional diesel. The present work aims at improving cold flow properties of biodiesel using the fractionation method combined with additives, and investigates their effects on a diesel engine's regulated emissions and performance. In addition, emulsion fuels were found to reduce both NOx emission and smoke intensity. Experiments using urea, mixture of recovered urea and crystal, and crystal fractionation were conducted; the additives include ethanol, methanol, and diethyl ether (DEE). Results using two modern diesel engines (a light-duty and a heavy-duty) were investigated using various fuels. The heavy-duty engine was fueled with different fuel types and eight emulsion fuels at two idling conditions (1200 rpm and 1500 rpm). The light-duty engine was fueled with biodiesel blends, fractionated biodiesel blends, emulsified diesel-biodiesel, emulsified diesel-biodiesel ammonium hydroxides blends, and emulsified biodiesel at three different engine operating conditions. The conclusion was that a mixture of recovered urea and crystal fractionation provided higher production efficiency and acceptable cloud point. A significant reduction in NOx emission was obtained from emulsified fuels compared with their bases, and emulsion biodiesel with 2.5% water revealed results that were comparable to diesel in terms of NOx and CO emissions at all engine operating conditions.

Greener and Scalable E-fuels for Decarbonization of Transport

Author : Avinash Kumar Agarwal
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811683441
Total Pages : 424 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (116 download)

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Book Synopsis Greener and Scalable E-fuels for Decarbonization of Transport by : Avinash Kumar Agarwal

Download or read book Greener and Scalable E-fuels for Decarbonization of Transport written by Avinash Kumar Agarwal and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-12-10 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights ways of using gaseous and liquid e-fuels like hydrogen (H2), methane (CH4), methanol (CH3OH), DME (CH3-O-CH3), Ammonia (NH3), synthetic petrol and diesel, etc in existing engines and their effects on tailpipe emissions. The contents also cover calibration and optimization procedure for adaptation of these fuels. the volume also discusses the economical aspect of these fuels. Chapters include recent results and are focused on current trends of automotive sector. This book will be of interest to those in academia and industry involved in fuels, IC engines, engine instrumentation, and environmental research.

Diesel Engines - Current Challenges and Future Perspectives

Author : Hasan Koten
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 1837694613
Total Pages : 158 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (376 download)

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Book Synopsis Diesel Engines - Current Challenges and Future Perspectives by : Hasan Koten

Download or read book Diesel Engines - Current Challenges and Future Perspectives written by Hasan Koten and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2024-05-22 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the current technology and future status of diesel engines. While gasoline engines are preferred for speed and jet engines, diesel engines are widely used in vehicles and machinery that require torque, such as ships, trains, tanks, unmanned ariel vehicles (UAVs), and heavy-duty vehicles. Some recent research on global climate change has focused on obtaining zero carbon, zero emissions, and decarbonization via clean combustion technologies. For this reason, restrictive emission regulations have forced engine manufacturers and research centers to turn to different technologies to achieve clean combustion in diesel engines. This book focuses on different combustion technologies, from artificial intelligence applications in diesel engines to alternative fuels. It discusses the roles of artificial intelligence in the design of diesel engines, the use of different fuels in diesel engines, and the effects of these on the performance and emission values of diesel engines. Solving the challenge of hydrogen storage in hydrogen-fed diesel engines will open a new era for internal combustion engines. In particular, the use of hydrogen fuel produced by the reaction of chemical ingredients with water in diesel engine cycles will have a significant impact on the industry. This book, which brings together the latest studies on clean combustion technologies, is an interesting resource for both industry and research centers.

Biodiesel, Combustion, Performance and Emissions Characteristics

Author : Semakula Maroa
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030511669
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Biodiesel, Combustion, Performance and Emissions Characteristics by : Semakula Maroa

Download or read book Biodiesel, Combustion, Performance and Emissions Characteristics written by Semakula Maroa and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-10 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on biodiesel combustion, including biodiesel performance, emissions and control. It brings together a range of international research in combustion studies in order to offer a comprehensive resource for researchers, students and academics alike. The book begins with an introduction to biodiesel combustion, followed by a discussion of NOx formation routes. It then addresses biodiesel production processes and oil feedstocks in detail, discusses the physiochemical properties of biodiesel, and explores the benefits and drawbacks of these properties. Factors influencing the formation of emissions, including NOx emissions, are also dealt with thoroughly. Lastly, the book discusses the mechanisms of pollution and different approaches used to reduce pollutants in connection with biodiesel. Each approach is considered in detail, and diagrams are provided to illustrate the points in line with industry standard control mechanisms.

The Influence of Additives on Biodiesel Blend for Engine Performance and Emission Improvement

Author : Obed Majeed Ali
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 219 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis The Influence of Additives on Biodiesel Blend for Engine Performance and Emission Improvement by : Obed Majeed Ali

Download or read book The Influence of Additives on Biodiesel Blend for Engine Performance and Emission Improvement written by Obed Majeed Ali and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biodiesel is receiving more and more attention as a renewable fuel; serve as an alternative to mineral diesel. Fossil fuels are depleting with time due to their limited resources. On the other hand; the world energy consumption increases continuously due to the modern life requirements which lead to series energy crises. Although blended biodiesel-diesel fuel can replace mineral diesel satisfactorily at low blending ratios up to 20% biodiesel, problems related to fuel properties persist at high blending ratio more than 20%. The aim of this thesis is to investigate the feasibility of biodiesel-diesel blended fuel at 30% biodiesel, as fuel for unmodified diesel engines. Chemical additives are introduced as a viable option to improve the blended fuel properties. The experimental characterization of the blended fuel properties was conducted with ethanol, butanol and diethyl ether additives at low ratios up to 8% compared to the blended fuel standard ASTM D7467. Furthermore, engine is tested with blended fuel B30 and additives to investigate the engine performance, exhaust emissions and engine cyclic variations using the coefficient of variation and the wavelet analysis method. A statistically significant improvement in blended fuel kinematic viscosity and density was observed with all additives starting at 4% and 6% additive ratios for kinematic viscosity and density, respectively. On the other hand, a significant reduction in the blended fuel heating value was observed with all additive types starting at 6% additive ratio. The least reduction of blended fuel B30 heating value observed at 8% additive ratio is about 4% for B30 with diethyl ether additive. The blended fuel cold flow properties were improved with increasing additive ratios and maximum reduction in pour and cloud point was observed with diethyl ether by 2 oC and 3 oC respectively; at 8% additive ratio. The engine brake thermal efficiency was comparable for blended fuel B30 with different additives and mineral diesel. Furthermore, blended fuel with diethyl ether additive showed higher engine power at lower brake specific fuel consumption compared to other additives at similar ratios, and better engine brake power was achieved at 6% diethyl ether with increasing the additive ratio. The formation of NOx and CO2 emissions was reduced significantly with increasing the additive ratios. Better improvement in these emissions observed with diethyl ether additive at 8% ratio, which was comparable to that of diesel fuel. The significant impact of the additives on reducing the maximum in-cylinder pressure for B30 was observed with increasing additive ratios and the better trend obtained for B30 with 4% to 6% diethyl ether additive, which was comparable to that of the mineral diesel. Both the wavelet analysis and coefficient of variation reveal that increasing the additive ratio would give a noticeable effect on increasing the engine cycle-to-cycle variations which limits their usage at high ratios. It can be concluded that chemical additives are a viable option to introduce the blended fuel B30 as an alternative fuel for diesel engine that meets the blended fuel standard ASTM D7467 specifications.

The Biodiesel Handbook

Author : Gerhard Knothe
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0983507260
Total Pages : 516 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (835 download)

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Book Synopsis The Biodiesel Handbook by : Gerhard Knothe

Download or read book The Biodiesel Handbook written by Gerhard Knothe and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-08-13 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of this invaluable handbook covers converting vegetable oils, animal fats, and used oils into biodiesel fuel. The Biodiesel Handbook delivers solutions to issues associated with biodiesel feedstocks, production issues, quality control, viscosity, stability, applications, emissions, and other environmental impacts, as well as the status of the biodiesel industry worldwide. - Incorporates the major research and other developments in the world of biodiesel in a comprehensive and practical format - Includes reference materials and tables on biodiesel standards, unit conversions, and technical details in four appendices - Presents details on other uses of biodiesel and other alternative diesel fuels from oils and fats

Application of Liquid Biofuels to Internal Combustion Engines

Author : Soo-Young No
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 981136737X
Total Pages : 480 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (113 download)

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Book Synopsis Application of Liquid Biofuels to Internal Combustion Engines by : Soo-Young No

Download or read book Application of Liquid Biofuels to Internal Combustion Engines written by Soo-Young No and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-02-17 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive overview of the application of liquid biofuels to internal combustion (IC) engines. Biofuels are one of the most promising renewable and sustainable energy sources. Particularly, liquid biofuels obtained from biomass could become a valid alternative to the use of fossil fuels in the light of increasingly stringent environmental constraints. In this book, the discussion is limited to liquid biofuels obtained from triglycerides and lignocellulose among the many different kinds of biomass. Several liquid biofuels from triglycerides, straight vegetable oil, biodiesel produced from inedible vegetable oil, hydrotreated vegetable oil, and pyrolytic oil have been selected for discussion, as well as biofuels from lignocellulose bio-oil, alcohols such as methanol, ethanol and butanol, and biomass-to-liquids diesel. This book includes three chapters on the application of methanol, ethanol and butanol to advanced compression ignition (CI) engines such as LTC, HCCI, RCCI and DF modes. Further, the application of other higher alcohols and other drop-in fuels such as DMF, MF, MTHF, and GVL are also discussed. The book will be a valuable resource for graduate students, researchers and engine designers who are interested in the application of alcohols and other biofuels in advanced CI engines, and also useful for alternative energy planners selecting biofuels for CI engines in the future.

Improvement of Cold Flow Properties of Biodiesel

Author : Ashok Kumar Nair Raman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Improvement of Cold Flow Properties of Biodiesel by : Ashok Kumar Nair Raman

Download or read book Improvement of Cold Flow Properties of Biodiesel written by Ashok Kumar Nair Raman and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cold flow properties of biodiesel mean the mechanism of biodiesel properties in winter or cold condition. In this type of condition, biodiesel won't work properly because biodiesel cannot flow easily and will result in engine operational problem and will be more stress-resistant. This research highlights how to improve the cold flow properties of biodiesel which is a major hurdle in cold weather or condition where biodiesel is not working in full efficiency. Thus with my research, it will be a major breakthrough for the usage of biodiesel in any weather no matter cold or warm. Pour point (PP) is defined as the lowest temperature where the biodiesel flows or can be pumped. Pour point can also be described as the lowest temperature at which a fuel performs satisfactorily and beyond this temperature, the fuel stops flowing and starts to freeze. The cloud point (CP) of the fuel is defined as the temperature where crystals become visible forming a hazy or cloudy suspension. Pour point and cloud point are the most important parameters which are involved in determining whether cold flow properties are improved or not. There are many methods used for this purpose such as winterization, fractanation and also biodiesel and petro diesel blending but the method of two types of different biodiesel just been rarely tested. Thus, I came up with this method and tried it using two types of biodiesel which are jatropha oil and palm oil. The FFA (free fatty acid) produced from both of this oil is blended in different proportion and the biodiesel is produced. After the biodiesel is produced, the samples are sent to the GCMS analysis to determine whether biodiesel is produced or not. Then, the cold flow properties are determined for each sample. The pour point, cloud point, density, viscosity and kinematic viscosity were determined. From the results, the main objective of this research is achieved where the blending of two types of biodiesel can improve the cold flow properties of biodiesel. The blended biodiesel have the lower cloud and pour point compared to the unblended biodiesel.

Advancement in Oxygenated Fuels for Sustainable Development

Author : Niraj Kumar
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0323908764
Total Pages : 414 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (239 download)

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Book Synopsis Advancement in Oxygenated Fuels for Sustainable Development by : Niraj Kumar

Download or read book Advancement in Oxygenated Fuels for Sustainable Development written by Niraj Kumar and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-11-09 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Oxygenated Fuels for Sustainable Development: Feedstocks and Precursors for Catalysts Synthesis provides a roadmap to the sustainable implementation of oxygenated fuels in internal combustion engines through sustainable production, smart distribution and effective utilization. Focusing on the sustainability of feedstocks, the book assesses availability, emissions impact and reduction potential, and biodiversity and land utilization impact. Existing technologies and supply chains are reviewed, and recommendations are provided on how to sustainably implement or update these technologies, including for rural communities. Furthermore, effective supply and distribution network designs are provided alongside methods for monitoring and assessing their sustainability, accounting for social, economic, environmental and ecological factors. This book guides readers through every aspect of the production and commercialization of sustainable oxygenated fuels for internal combustion engines and their implementation across the global transport industry. Provides multilevel perspectives on how to facilitate the sustainable production of oxygenated fuel and develop new indices for measuring the effectiveness and sustainability of implementation Recommends a framework and criteria for assessing the suitability, sustainability, and environmental benefits of oxygenated biofuels Describes the fuel properties of all oxygenated fuels and their performance in unmodified and enhanced CI and SI engines

Biodiesel Handling and Use Guidelines

Author : Karin Shaine Tyson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 72 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Biodiesel Handling and Use Guidelines by : Karin Shaine Tyson

Download or read book Biodiesel Handling and Use Guidelines written by Karin Shaine Tyson and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Recent Advances in Energy Technologies

Author : N. Lakshmi Narasimhan
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811934673
Total Pages : 669 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (119 download)

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Book Synopsis Recent Advances in Energy Technologies by : N. Lakshmi Narasimhan

Download or read book Recent Advances in Energy Technologies written by N. Lakshmi Narasimhan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-09-29 with total page 669 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the select proceedings of the first International Conference on Energy and Materials Technologies (ICEMT) 2021, organized by the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, India. It covers the recent technologies in two broad thematic areas: energy and materials. Various topics covered in this book include hybrid energy, advanced energy systems, energy management, energy policy, geothermal, nuclear energy, bio-energy, waste to energy, power plants, and automotives. The book will be useful for students, researchers, and professionals in the area of mechanical engineering, especially various domains of energy.

Improvement of the Cold Flow Property of Biodiesel from Palm Oil

Author : Roshaiza Muhamad
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 34 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Improvement of the Cold Flow Property of Biodiesel from Palm Oil by : Roshaiza Muhamad

Download or read book Improvement of the Cold Flow Property of Biodiesel from Palm Oil written by Roshaiza Muhamad and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biodiesel is a low-emissions diesel substitute fuel which is made from renewable sources that consists of the simple alkyl esters of fatty acids. Research and development in the field of biodiesel showed that one way of reducing the biodiesel production costs to compete economically with petroleum diesel fuels is by use the less expensive feedstock containing fatty acids such as inedible oils. This study subjected to minimize the use of biodiesels synthesized from edible oils like palm oils due to raising food and fuel issue, by blending edible palm oil (PO) biodiesel with non-edible rubber seed oil (RSO) biodiesel. Both of the PO and RSO biodiesel were produced by conventional method. Transesterification is a chemical reaction between alcohol and triglyceride in the presence of a catalyst (KOH/ NaOH) at certain temperature to produce methyl ester. The different kinds of biodiesels, palm oils and rubber seed oils, were then blended with the different volume ratios (B100, B80, B60, B40 and B0). The blending biodiesels were characterized for kinematic viscosity, pour point and cloud point. Biodiesel is susceptible to start-up and performance problems, consistent with its chemical composition, when vehicles and fuel systems are subjected to cold temperatures. It was found that blending PO with RSO biodiesels has enhanced the cold flow characteristics of biodiesel by reducing the saturated fatty acids in the biodiesels.

Year-round Biodiesel Use Strategy in Diesel Engines in Canadian Adverse Cold Weather Conditions

Author : Arvind Mangad
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (128 download)

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Book Synopsis Year-round Biodiesel Use Strategy in Diesel Engines in Canadian Adverse Cold Weather Conditions by : Arvind Mangad

Download or read book Year-round Biodiesel Use Strategy in Diesel Engines in Canadian Adverse Cold Weather Conditions written by Arvind Mangad and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effects of climate change that have been seen at an unprecedented scale over last decade or so, have sparked intensive efforts toward the identification and development of clean, environmentally compatible, and renewable fuels. Biofuels such as alcohol and biodiesel have been identified as alternatives for powering internal combustion engines. When using vegetable oil as a feedstock for the production of biodiesel, major issues that arise include its poor low temperature properties. In this study, an experimental analysis was conducted to test the feasibility of biodiesel in cold climates specifically in Thunder Bay region and to suggest an appropriate solution for the biodiesel usage throughout the year. Weather reports from last decade were studied to compare with the cloud points of biodiesel blends. Biodiesel was produced from canola oil from transesterification and fractionation processes. Summer diesel and winter diesel have been used as reference fuels. Five different fuel series were used. The first series was summer diesel-biodiesel with ten blends (SB10, SB20, SB30, SB40, SB50, SB60, SB70, SB80, SB90 and B100). The second series was winter diesel-biodiesel with ten blends (WB10, WB20, WB30, WB40, WB50, WB60, WB70, WB80, WB90 and B100). The third series was winter diesel-biodiesel with 2 volume percent of (cold flow additive) Wintron Synergy series (WB20S2, WB50S2 and B100S2). The fourth series was winter diesel-fractionated biodiesel (FB20, FB50 and FB100). The final was winter diesel-fractionated biodiesel with 2 volume percent of Wintron Synergy series (FB20S2, FB50S2 and FB100S2). Except for winter diesel-biodiesel with 2 vol% synergy, all the fuel blend series were tested on two separate diesel engines; a four-cylinder heavy-duty diesel engine at constant speed of 800 rpm for emissions at idling condition followed by a two-cylinder light-duty diesel engine to investigate effects of fuel blends on performance and emission, under low, medium and high loads, at variable engine speeds of 1000 rpm, 2100 rpm and 3000 rpm. Results showed that normal biodiesel and fractionated biodiesel with 2 vol% synergy showed significant improvement in the cloud point. FB40S2 has the lowest cloud point compared to other fuel blends measuring -48.5°C. The effect of fuel blends on engine performance in light duty engine was investigated. The emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC), oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and smoke opacity from different fuel blends were measured and compared to summer and winter diesel fuels. In both the engines, fractionated biodiesel and synergy blends were found to be effective in reducing both CO and HC emissions. Smoke opacity emissions when compared from both the engines had a contrasting results. However, all biodiesel blends increased NOx emission. Results indicated that fractionated biodiesel with 2 vol% synergy had better engine performance, and lower emission compared with diesel fuel and normal biodiesel blends. Thus, fractionated biodiesel up to 80 vol% with 2 vol% synergy was found to be suitable for use in diesel engines in extreme winter conditions in Canada without the need for any engine modification.

Advances in Clean Energy

Author : Anand Ramanathan
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000205320
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in Clean Energy by : Anand Ramanathan

Download or read book Advances in Clean Energy written by Anand Ramanathan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-10-22 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Clean Energy: Production and Application supports sustainable clean energy technology and green fuel for clean combustion by reviewing the pros and cons of currently available technologies specifically for biodiesel production from biomass sources, recent fuel modification strategy, low-temperature combustion technology, including other biofuels as well. Written for researchers, graduate students, and professionals in mechanical engineering, chemical engineering, energy, and environmental engineering, this book: Covers global energy scenarios and future energy demands pertaining to clean energy technologies Provides systematic and detailed coverage of the processes and technologies used for biofuel production Includes new technologies and perspectives, giving up-to-date and state-of-the-art information on research and commercialization Discusses all conversion methods including biochemical and thermochemical Examines the environmental consequences of biomass-based biofuel use

Testing and Evaluation of Performance and Emissions Characteristics of Water- Biodiesel Aspirated Research Engine

Author : Ganesan Sudalaimuthu
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 9 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (125 download)

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Book Synopsis Testing and Evaluation of Performance and Emissions Characteristics of Water- Biodiesel Aspirated Research Engine by : Ganesan Sudalaimuthu

Download or read book Testing and Evaluation of Performance and Emissions Characteristics of Water- Biodiesel Aspirated Research Engine written by Ganesan Sudalaimuthu and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work aims to investigate the effect of the addition of water to corn oil biodiesel (BD) (COBD) in a diesel engine to view its effect on performance and emission characteristics. Two fuel samples were prepared using a novel surfactant Span 80 (MilliporeSigma, Burlington, MA), with different concentrations (94 % corn oil+4 % water+2 % Span 80 (COBDE1) and 90 % corn oil+8 % water+2 % Span 80 (COBDE2)). Experimental results showed that the water samples of COBD had higher brake thermal efficiency and lower brake-specific fuel consumption than that of neat COBD at all engine brake power. In addition, smoke and nitrogen oxide emissions are reduced by 4-11 % and 6-10 % using corn oil-water samples compared to neat COBD. Furthermore, the introduction of COBD-water emulsions in a diesel engine reduces the unburned hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions considerably.

Optimization of Biodiesel and Biofuel Process

Author : Diego Luna
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3036502785
Total Pages : 142 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (365 download)

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Book Synopsis Optimization of Biodiesel and Biofuel Process by : Diego Luna

Download or read book Optimization of Biodiesel and Biofuel Process written by Diego Luna and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-09-02 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the compression ignition (C.I.) engine, invented by Rudolf Diesel, was originally intended to work with pure vegetable oils as fuel, more than a century ago, it was adapted to be used with a fuel of fossil origin, obtained from oil. Therefore, there would be no technical difficulties in returning to the primitive design of using biofuels of renewable origin, such as vegetable oils. The main drawback is found in the one billion C.I. engines which are currently in use, which would have to undergo a modification in the injection system in order to adapt them to the higher viscosity of vegetable oils in comparison to that of fossil fuels. Thus, the gradual incorporation of biofuels as substitutes of fossil fuels is mandatory.

Performance and Emissions of Diesel Engines Fueled by Expanded Polystyrene-infused Biodiesel with Additives

Author : Sogeesh Mulampath Raman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (128 download)

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Book Synopsis Performance and Emissions of Diesel Engines Fueled by Expanded Polystyrene-infused Biodiesel with Additives by : Sogeesh Mulampath Raman

Download or read book Performance and Emissions of Diesel Engines Fueled by Expanded Polystyrene-infused Biodiesel with Additives written by Sogeesh Mulampath Raman and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental issues and conventional fossil resource depletion has directed the attention of researchers to seek clean or alternative fuels. Biodiesel was introduced as an answer to day-to-day increases in diesel consumption from heavy machinery to locomotives. The availability from a wide variety of feedstocks (more than 350 crops) and the reduction in emissions such as carbon monoxide (CO), unburnt hydrocarbons (HC) and smoke opacity has made biodiesel attractive among other fuel alternatives. Some of its disadvantages include inferior cold flow properties and slightly higher NOX emissions. Expanded polystyrene (EPS) counts for 22% of total plastic waste globally. Proper recycling of EPS at remote locations is practically not feasible. Canola biodiesel is an effective solvent for EPS. This work aims in dissolving EPS at varied concentrations in canola oil biodiesel, and fueled on two modern diesel engines (a light-duty and a heavy-duty) and their performance, emissions are analyzed at different loads and engine speeds. The improvements that resulted after adding the additives (i.e., acetone, tetrahydrofuran, di ethyl ether, xylene and toluene) to EPS-infused biodiesel are also noted on the same engines at various speed and load conditions. The Cummins heavy-duty engine was powered by fuels at two idling conditions (700 rpm and 1700 rpm). The HATZ light-duty engine was powered by fuels at low, medium and high speeds at 1000 rpm, 2100 rpm and 3000 rpm. The fuel properties such as calorific value, density, and viscosity of each fuel are also investigated. The microscopic structure and the particle size distribution of each fuel sample were evaluated to monitor the changes when adding EPS, and any improvements when adding additives were noted.