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Cognitive Biases In Anxiety And Depression
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Book Synopsis Cognitive Biases in Anxiety and Depression by : Paula Hertel
Download or read book Cognitive Biases in Anxiety and Depression written by Paula Hertel and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This special issue of Cognition and Emotion is dedicated to the phenomena of emotion-related biases in attention and remembering that are experienced by anxious and depressed people. Andrew Mathews and Colin MacLeod summarize their new research in using experimental methods to train anxiety-like biases in attention and interpretation. Elaine Fox, Riccardo Russo, and Kevin Dutton report new experiments concerning delayed disengagement from threatening events in anxiety. Phil Watkins's article addresses the conditions for obtaining depression-related biases on indirect tests of memory. Depression-consistent biases in false recognition are reported by Rich Wenzlaff, Jo Meier, and Danette Salas; these biases also characterized performance by previously dysphoric students and suggest indirect measures of vulnerability to depression. Prospective evidence that cognitive biases index vulnerability is described by Stephanie Rude and her colleagues. In short, the special issue contains a mixture of new findings with integrative review and suggestions for future directions in investigations of emotionally-disordered cognition.
Book Synopsis Cognitive Biases in Health and Psychiatric Disorders by : Tatjana Aue
Download or read book Cognitive Biases in Health and Psychiatric Disorders written by Tatjana Aue and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-02-23 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cognitive Biases in Health and Psychiatric Disorders: Neurophysiological Foundations focuses on the neurophysiological basis of biases in attention, interpretation, expectancy and memory. Each chapter includes a review of each specific bias, including both positive and negative information in both healthy individuals and psychiatric populations. This book provides readers with major theories, methods used in investigating biases, brain regions associated with the related bias, and autonomic responses to specific biases. Its end goal is to provide a comprehensive overview of the neural, autonomic and cognitive mechanisms related to processing biases. Outlines neurophysiological research on diverse types of information processing bias, including attention bias, expectancy bias, interpretation bias, and memory bias Discusses both normal and pathological forms of each cognitive biases Provides specific examples on how to translate research on cognitive biases to clinical applications
Download or read book Growth Modeling written by Kevin J. Grimm and published by Guilford Publications. This book was released on 2016-10-17 with total page 558 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Growth models are among the core methods for analyzing how and when people change. Discussing both structural equation and multilevel modeling approaches, this book leads readers step by step through applying each model to longitudinal data to answer particular research questions. It demonstrates cutting-edge ways to describe linear and nonlinear change patterns, examine within-person and between-person differences in change, study change in latent variables, identify leading and lagging indicators of change, evaluate co-occurring patterns of change across multiple variables, and more. User-friendly features include real data examples, code (for Mplus or NLMIXED in SAS, and OpenMx or nlme in R), discussion of the output, and interpretation of each model's results. User-Friendly Features *Real, worked-through longitudinal data examples serving as illustrations in each chapter. *Script boxes that provide code for fitting the models to example data and facilitate application to the reader's own data. *"Important Considerations" sections offering caveats, warnings, and recommendations for the use of specific models. *Companion website supplying datasets and syntax for the book's examples, along with additional code in SAS/R for linear mixed-effects modeling.
Book Synopsis Cognitive Vulnerability to Emotional Disorders by : Lauren B. Alloy
Download or read book Cognitive Vulnerability to Emotional Disorders written by Lauren B. Alloy and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2006-04-21 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, which advances clinical science and clinical practice, experts present the broad synthesis of what we have learnt about nature, origins, and clinical ramifications of the general and specific cognitive factors that seem to play a crucial role in creating and maintaining vulnerability across the spectrum of emotional disorders.
Book Synopsis The Science of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy by : Stefan G. Hofmann
Download or read book The Science of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy written by Stefan G. Hofmann and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-06-01 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Science of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy describes the scientific approach of CBT, reviews the efficacy and validity of the CBT model, and exemplifies important differences and commonalities of CBT approaches. The overarching principle of CBT interventions is that cognitions causally influence emotional experiences and behaviors. The book reviews recent mediation studies, experimental studies, and neuroimaging studies in affective neuroscience that support the basic model of CBT, as well as those that clarify the mechanisms of treatment change. Additionally, the book explains the interplay of cognition and emotion in CBT, specifies the treatment goals of CBT, discusses the relationship of cognitive models with medical models and associated diagnostic systems, and provides concrete illustrations of important general and disorder-specific considerations of CBT. Investigates the scientific foundation of CBT Explores the interplay of emotion and cognition in CBT Reviews neuroscience studies on the mechanisms of change in CBT Identifies similarities and differences in CBT approaches for different disorders Discusses CBT extensions and modifications Describes computer assisted applications of CBT
Author :Jonathan S. Abramowitz Publisher :American Psychological Association (APA) ISBN 13 :9781433830655 Total Pages :0 pages Book Rating :4.8/5 (36 download)
Book Synopsis Clinical Handbook of Fear and Anxiety by : Jonathan S. Abramowitz
Download or read book Clinical Handbook of Fear and Anxiety written by Jonathan S. Abramowitz and published by American Psychological Association (APA). This book was released on 2019-09 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a comprehensive guide to the psychological processes and empirically supported mechanisms of change that are relevant across diverse presentations of clinical anxiety.
Book Synopsis Scientific Foundations of Cognitive Theory and Therapy of Depression by : David A. Clak
Download or read book Scientific Foundations of Cognitive Theory and Therapy of Depression written by David A. Clak and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1999-04-30 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on decades of theory, research, and practice, this seminalbook presents a detailed and comprehensive review, evaluation, andintegration of the scientific and empirical research relevant toAaron T. Beck's cognitive theory and therapy of depression. Sinceits emergence in the early 1960s, Beck's cognitive perspective hasbecome one of the most influential and well-researchedpsychological theories of depression. Over 900 scientific andscholarly references are contained in the present volume, providingthe most current and exhaustive evaluation of the scientific statusof the cognitive theory of depression. Though the application of cognitive therapy has been welldocumented in the publication of treatment manuals, the cognitivetheory of depression has not been presented in a unified manneruntil the publication of this book. Coauthored by the father ofcognitive therapy, Scientific Foundations of Cognitive Theory andTherapy of Depression offers the most complete and authoritativeaccount of Beck's theory of depression since the publication ofDepression: Causes and Treatment in 1967. Through its elaborationof recent theoretical developments in cognitive theory and itsreview of contemporary cognitive-clinical research, the bookrepresents the current state of the art in cognitive approaches todepression. As a result of its critical examination ofcognitive-clinical research and experimental informationprocessing, the authors offer many insights into the futuredirection for research on the cognitive basis of depression. The first half of the book focuses on a presentation of theclinical phenomena of depression and the current version ofcognitive theory. After outlining important questions that havebeen raised with the diagnosis of depression, the book then tracesthe historical development of Beck's cognitive theory and therapythrough the 1960s and '70s. It presents the theoretical assumptionsof the model and offers a detailed account of the most currentversion of the cognitive formulation of depression. The second half of the book provides an in-depth analysis of theempirical status of the descriptive and vulnerability hypotheses ofthe cognitive model. Drawing on over three decades of research, thebook delves into the scientific basis of numerous hypothesesderived from cognitive theory, including negativity, exclusivity,content specificity, primacy, universality, severity/persistence,selective processing, schema activation, primal processing,stability, diathesis-stress, symptom specificity, and differentialtreatment responsiveness. "In 1967 the first detailed description of the cognitive theory ofdepression was published in Depression: Causes and Treatment by oneof us, Aaron T. Beck. The basic concepts of the theory laid out inthat volume still provide the foundation for the cognitive model 30years later. As well the first systematic investigations of thetheory described in the 1967 volume contributed to a paradigmaticshift in theory, research, and treatment of depression thatresulted in a very vigorous and widespread research initiative onthe cognitive basis of depression. The present book is intended toprovide a comprehensive and critical update of the developments incognitive theory and research on depression that have occurredsince the initial publication in the 1960s."--David A. Clark, fromthe Preface.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Behavior Therapy and Psychological Science by : Paul R. Martin
Download or read book Handbook of Behavior Therapy and Psychological Science written by Paul R. Martin and published by Pergamon. This book was released on 1991 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Cambridge Handbook of Anxiety and Related Disorders by : Bunmi O. Olatunji
Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Anxiety and Related Disorders written by Bunmi O. Olatunji and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-01-03 with total page 1339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Handbook surveys existing descriptive and experimental approaches to the study of anxiety and related disorders, emphasizing the provision of empirically-guided suggestions for treatment. Based upon the findings from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), the chapters collected here highlight contemporary approaches to the classification, presentation, etiology, assessment, and treatment of anxiety and related disorders. The collection also considers a biologically-informed framework for the understanding of mental disorders proposed by the National Institute of Mental Health's Research Domain Criteria (RDoC). The RDoC has begun to create a new kind of taxonomy for mental disorders by bringing the power of modern research approaches in genetics, neuroscience, and behavioral science to the problem of mental illness. The framework is a key focus for this book as an authoritative reference for researchers and clinicians.
Book Synopsis Rainy Brain, Sunny Brain by : Elaine Fox
Download or read book Rainy Brain, Sunny Brain written by Elaine Fox and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2012-06-05 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Are you optimistic or pessimistic? Glass half-full or half-empty? Do you look on the bright side or turn towards the dark? These are easy questions for most of us to answer, because our personality types are hard-wired into our brains. As pioneering psychologist and neuroscientist Elaine Fox has discovered, our outlook on life reflects our primal inclination to seek pleasure or avoid danger -- inclinations that, in many people, are healthily balanced. But when our "fear brain" or "pleasure brain" is too strong, the results can be disastrous, as those of us suffering from debilitating shyness, addiction, depression, or anxiety know all too well. Luckily, anyone suffering from these afflictions has reason to hope. Stunning breakthroughs in neuroscience show that our brains are more malleable than we ever imagined. In Rainy Brain, Sunny Brain, Fox describes a range of techniques -- from traditional cognitive behavioral therapy to innovative cognitive-retraining exercises -- that can actually alter our brains' circuitry, strengthening specific thought processes by exercising the neural systems that control them. The implications are enormous: lifelong pessimists can train themselves to think positively and find happiness, while pleasure-seekers inclined toward risky or destructive behavior can take control of their lives. Drawing on her own cutting-edge research, Fox shows how we can retrain our brains to brighten our lives and learn to flourish. With keen insights into how genes, life experiences and cognitive processes interleave together to make us who we are, Rainy Brain, SunnyBrain revolutionizes our basic concept of individuality. We learn that we can influence our own personalities, and that our lives are only as "sunny" or as "rainy" as we allow them to be.
Book Synopsis Anxiety and Cognition by : Michael Eysenck
Download or read book Anxiety and Cognition written by Michael Eysenck and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-01-21 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is argued in this book that there are three major approaches to anxiety. First, there is anxiety as an emotional state. Second, there is trait anxiety as a dimension of personality. Third, there is anxiety as a set of anxiety disorders. What is attempted is to produce a unified theory of anxiety which integrates all these major approaches. According to this unified theory, there are four sources of information which influence the level of experienced anxiety: (1) experimental stimulation; (2) internal physiological activity; (3) internal cognitions, (e.g., worries); and (4) one's own behaviour. The unified theory is essentially based on a cognitive approach. More specifically, it is assumed that individual differences in experienced anxiety between those high and low in trait anxiety depend largely on cognitive biases. It is also assumed that the various anxiety disorders depend on cognitive biases, and that the main anxiety disorders differ in terms of the source of information most affected by such biases (e.g., social phobics have biased interpretation of their own behaviour). In sum, this book presents a general theory of anxiety from the cognitive perspective. It is intended that this theory will influence theory and research on emotion, personality, and the anxiety disorders. Correction notice: Christos Halkiopoulos should have been credited for his role as the inventor of the Dot Probe Paradigm and for the design and execution of the experiment discussed in C. D. Spielberger, I. G. Sarason, Z. Kulczar, and J. Van Heck (Eds.), Stress and Emotion, Vol. 14. London: Hemisphere.
Book Synopsis Behavioral and Physiological Bases of Attentional Biases: Paradigms, Participants, and Stimuli by : Daniela M. Pfabigan
Download or read book Behavioral and Physiological Bases of Attentional Biases: Paradigms, Participants, and Stimuli written by Daniela M. Pfabigan and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-08-21 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Attentional biases (ABs) play a prominent role in the development and maintenance of clinically relevant symptoms of, for example, anxiety and depression. In particular, increased attentional orienting and preoccupation with biologically relevant and mood-congruent stimuli has been observed, suggesting that the visual-attentional system is overly sensitive towards threat cues and avoidant of cues of reward in these disorders. First, several experimental paradigms have been used to assess ABs, e.g., the dot probe task, the emotional stroop task, and the spatial cueing task amongst others. Yet, these paradigms are based on different theoretical backgrounds and target different stages of the attentional process. Thus, different paradigms provided converging as well as diverging evidence with regard to ABs. However, it is often not entirely clear to what extent this reflects real differences and commonalities, or is caused by differences in methodology. For example, behavioral reaction time data can only provide a snapshot of selective attention. Measuring event-related potentials, eye movements, or functional brain imaging data enables exploring the exact temporal and spatial dynamics of attentional processes. Moreover, neuroimaging data reveal specific cortical networks involved in directing attention toward a stimulus or disengaging from it. Second, ABs have been mainly discussed as symptoms of psychopathology, while results in healthy participants are still scarce; previous studies mostly compared extreme groups. However, a comprehensive theoretical and empirical account of ABs in psychopathology also requires a thorough account of ABs in the general healthy population. Moreover, the effect of gender, as an important contributing factor in processing of emotional stimuli, has also not been considered systematically in previous research. Third, a variety of stimuli has been used in the assessment of ABs. So far, mostly facial or word stimuli have been applied. However, in everyday life not only facial emotion recognition but also a fast evaluation of complex social situations is important to be effective in social interactions. Recent research started using more complex stimuli to raise ecological validity. However, the use of ecologically valid stimuli poses some methodological challenges and needs to be applied more systematically. The aim of this research topic is to integrate different paradigms and stimuli, addressing individuals from the whole range of the population continuum, and to apply different methodological approaches. It is intended to bring together expertise in stimulus selection, timing and implementing issues, advancing and broadening the overall understanding of ABs.
Book Synopsis Innovations in CBT for Childhood Anxiety, OCD, and PTSD by : Lara J. Farrell
Download or read book Innovations in CBT for Childhood Anxiety, OCD, and PTSD written by Lara J. Farrell and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-04-25 with total page 779 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book collates the latest innovations in cognitive behavioral therapy for child and adolescent anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
Book Synopsis Information Processing Biases and Anxiety by : Julie A. Hadwin
Download or read book Information Processing Biases and Anxiety written by Julie A. Hadwin and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-02-19 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With contributions from a global team of experts this book provides a comprehensive overview of information processing biases in children and adolescents. The first book to provide readers with an understanding of anxiety and the role of information processing biases more broadly in the context of developmental psychopathology Demonstrates how researchers have explored diverse aspects of information processing in anxious children and adolescents Draws on the microparadigms used in the study of development and psychopathology to consider issues related to heritability, temperament, learning and parenting Considers preventative methods and treatment protocols
Book Synopsis Handbook of Self-enhancement and Self-protection by : Mark D. Alicke
Download or read book Handbook of Self-enhancement and Self-protection written by Mark D. Alicke and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2011-01-01 with total page 545 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first major volume dedicated to the processes by which people exaggerate their virtues, deemphasize their shortcomings, or protect themselves against threatening feedback. Leading investigators present cutting-edge work on the key role of self-enhancing and self-protective motives in social perception, cognition, judgment, and behavior. Compelling topics include the psychological benefits and risks of self-enhancement and self-protection; personality traits and contextual factors that make certain individuals more likely to hold distorted views of the self; innovative approaches to assessment and measurement; and implications for relationships, achievement, and mental health.
Book Synopsis The Wiley Handbook of Obsessive Compulsive Disorders by : Jonathan S. Abramowitz
Download or read book The Wiley Handbook of Obsessive Compulsive Disorders written by Jonathan S. Abramowitz and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-06-12 with total page 1280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Wiley Handbook of Obsessive Compulsive Disorders, 2 volume set, provides a comprehensive reference on the phenomenology, epidemiology, assessment, and treatment of OCD and OCD-related conditions throughout the lifespan and across cultures. Provides the most complete and up-to-date information on the highly diverse spectrum of OCD-related issues experienced by individuals through the lifespan and cross-culturally Covers OCD-related conditions including Tourette’s syndrome, excoriation disorder, trichotillomania, hoarding disorder, body dysmorphic disorder and many others OCD and related conditions present formidable challenges for both research and practice, with few studies having moved beyond the most typical contexts and presentations Includes important material on OCD and related conditions in young people and older adults, and across a range of cultures with diverse social and religious norms
Book Synopsis Anxiety: A Very Short Introduction by : Daniel Freeman
Download or read book Anxiety: A Very Short Introduction written by Daniel Freeman and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-05-31 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Are we born with our fears or do we learn them? Why do our fears persist? What purpose does anxiety serve? In this Very Short Introduction we discover what anxiety is, what causes it, and how it can be treated. Looking at six major anxiety disorders, the authors introduce us to this most ubiquitous and essential of emotions.
