Cognition Computation And Consciousness

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Cognition, Computation, and Consciousness

Author : Masao Ito
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0191660752
Total Pages : 281 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (916 download)

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Book Synopsis Cognition, Computation, and Consciousness by : Masao Ito

Download or read book Cognition, Computation, and Consciousness written by Masao Ito and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1997-05-29 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The topic of consciousness is truly multidisciplinary, attracting researchers and theorists from diverse backgrounds. It is now widely accepted that previously disparate areas all have contributions to make to the understanding of the nature of consciousness. Thus, we now have computational scientists, neuroscientists, and philosophers all engaged in the same effort. This book illustrates these three approaches, with chapters provided by some of the most important and provocative figures in the field. The first section is concerned with philosophical approaches to consciousness. One of the fundamental issues here is that of subjective feeling or qualia. The second section focuses on approaches from cognitive neuroscience. Patients with different types of neurological problems, and new imaging techniques, provide rich sources of data for studying how consciousness relates to brain function. The third section includes computational approaches looking at the quantitative relationship between brain processes and conscious experience. Cognition, Computation, and Consciousness represents a uniquely integrated and current account of this most fascinating and intractable subject.

Computation and Cognition

Author : Zenon W. Pylyshyn
Publisher : National Geographic Books
ISBN 13 : 026266058X
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (626 download)

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Book Synopsis Computation and Cognition by : Zenon W. Pylyshyn

Download or read book Computation and Cognition written by Zenon W. Pylyshyn and published by National Geographic Books. This book was released on 1986-02-07 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The question, "What is Cognitive Science?" is often asked but seldom answered to anyone's satisfaction. Until now, most of the answers have come from the new breed of philosophers of mind. This book, however, is written by a distinguished psychologist and computer scientist who is well-known for his work on the conceptual foundations of cognitive science, and especially for his research on mental imagery, representation, and perception. In Computation and Cognition, Pylyshyn argues that computation must not be viewed as just a convenient metaphor for mental activity, but as a literal empirical hypothesis. Such a view must face a number of serious challenges. For example, it must address the question of "strong equivalents" of processes, and must empirically distinguish between phenomena which reveal what knowledge the organism has, phenomena which reveal properties of the biologically determined "functional architecture" of the mind. The principles and ideas Pylyshyn develops are applied to a number of contentious areas of cognitive science, including theories of vision and mental imagery. In illuminating such timely theoretical problems, he draws on insights from psychology, theoretical computer science, artificial intelligence, and psychology of mind. A Bradford Book

Explaining the Computational Mind

Author : Marcin Milkowski
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262313928
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (623 download)

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Book Synopsis Explaining the Computational Mind by : Marcin Milkowski

Download or read book Explaining the Computational Mind written by Marcin Milkowski and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2013-03-29 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A defense of the computational explanation of cognition that relies on mechanistic philosophy of science and advocates for explanatory pluralism. In this book, Marcin Milkowski argues that the mind can be explained computationally because it is itself computational—whether it engages in mental arithmetic, parses natural language, or processes the auditory signals that allow us to experience music. Defending the computational explanation against objections to it—from John Searle and Hilary Putnam in particular—Milkowski writes that computationalism is here to stay but is not what many have taken it to be. It does not, for example, rely on a Cartesian gulf between software and hardware, or mind and brain. Milkowski's mechanistic construal of computation allows him to show that no purely computational explanation of a physical process will ever be complete. Computationalism is only plausible, he argues, if you also accept explanatory pluralism. Milkowski sketches a mechanistic theory of implementation of computation against a background of extant conceptions, describing four dissimilar computational models of cognition. He reviews other philosophical accounts of implementation and computational explanation and defends a notion of representation that is compatible with his mechanistic account and adequate vis à vis the four models discussed earlier. Instead of arguing that there is no computation without representation, he inverts the slogan and shows that there is no representation without computation—but explains that representation goes beyond purely computational considerations. Milkowski's arguments succeed in vindicating computational explanation in a novel way by relying on mechanistic theory of science and interventionist theory of causation.

The Routledge Handbook of the Computational Mind

Author : Mark Sprevak
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317286715
Total Pages : 737 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (172 download)

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Book Synopsis The Routledge Handbook of the Computational Mind by : Mark Sprevak

Download or read book The Routledge Handbook of the Computational Mind written by Mark Sprevak and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-09-04 with total page 737 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computational approaches dominate contemporary cognitive science, promising a unified, scientific explanation of how the mind works. However, computational approaches raise major philosophical and scientific questions. In what sense is the mind computational? How do computational approaches explain perception, learning, and decision making? What kinds of challenges should computational approaches overcome to advance our understanding of mind, brain, and behaviour? The Routledge Handbook of the Computational Mind is an outstanding overview and exploration of these issues and the first philosophical collection of its kind. Comprising thirty-five chapters by an international team of contributors from different disciplines, the Handbook is organised into four parts: History and future prospects of computational approaches Types of computational approach Foundations and challenges of computational approaches Applications to specific parts of psychology. Essential reading for students and researchers in philosophy of mind, philosophy of psychology, and philosophy of science, The Routledge Handbook of the Computational Mind will also be of interest to those studying computational models in related subjects such as psychology, neuroscience, and computer science.

Neurocognitive Mechanisms

Author : Gualtiero Piccinini
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0198866283
Total Pages : 413 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (988 download)

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Book Synopsis Neurocognitive Mechanisms by : Gualtiero Piccinini

Download or read book Neurocognitive Mechanisms written by Gualtiero Piccinini and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2020-10-08 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gualtiero Piccinini presents a systematic and rigorous philosophical defence of the computational theory of cognition. His view posits that cognition involves neural computation within multilevel neurocognitive mechanisms, and includes novel ideas about ontology, functions, neural representation, neural computation, and consciousness.

Computing the Mind

Author : Shimon Edelman
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780199717637
Total Pages : 640 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (176 download)

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Book Synopsis Computing the Mind by : Shimon Edelman

Download or read book Computing the Mind written by Shimon Edelman and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2008-09-08 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a culmination of humanity's millennia-long quest for self knowledge, the sciences of the mind are now in a position to offer concrete, empirically validated answers to the most fundamental questions about human nature. What does it mean to be a mind? How is the mind related to the brain? How are minds shaped by their embodiment and environment? What are the principles behind cognitive functions such as perception, memory, language, thought, and consciousness? By analyzing the tasks facing any sentient being that is subject to stimulation and a pressure to act, Shimon Edelman identifies computation as the common denominator in the emerging answers to all these questions. Any system composed of elements that exchange signals with each other and occasionally with the rest of the world can be said to be engaged in computation. A brain composed of neurons is one example of a system that computes, and the computations that the neurons collectively carry out constitute the brain's mind. Edelman presents a computational account of the entire spectrum of cognitive phenomena that constitutes the mind. He begins with sentience, and uses examples from visual perception to demonstrate that it must, at its very core, be a type of computation. Throughout his account, Edelman acknowledges the human mind's biological origins. Along the way, he also demystifies traits such as creativity, language, and individual and collective consciousness, and hints at how naturally evolved minds can transcend some of their limitations by moving to computational substrates other than brains. The account that Edelman gives in this book is accessible, yet unified and rigorous, and the big picture he presents is supported by evidence ranging from neurobiology to computer science. The book should be read by anyone seeking a comprehensive and current introduction to cognitive psychology.

The Extent to which ‘Consciousness’ poses a problem for the Computational Theory of Mind

Author : Sebastian A. Wagner
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3640896467
Total Pages : 10 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (48 download)

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Book Synopsis The Extent to which ‘Consciousness’ poses a problem for the Computational Theory of Mind by : Sebastian A. Wagner

Download or read book The Extent to which ‘Consciousness’ poses a problem for the Computational Theory of Mind written by Sebastian A. Wagner and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2011-04-19 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2008 in the subject Psychology - General, grade: 1,7, University of Derby (Institut für Psychologie), course: Cognitive Psychology, language: English, abstract: In Psychology, many theories and models use process charts resembling circuit diagrams of technical devices. In this account, human behaviour and experience appears to be the result of processes taking place in the ‘black box’ named cognition. In this context, “computationalism is the view that computation [...] can offer an explanatory basis for cognition” (Davenport, 2008, p.1). The Computational Theory of Mind (CTM) has developed on this foundation, attempting to reveal what is inside this ‘black box’. In contrast, human consciousness being a part of cognition (Harnad, 1994) seems to be beyond any scientific explanation. This essay will critically discuss the extent to which consciousness poses a problem for the CTM – regarding issues surrounding consciousness as an area of scientific study, the extent to which consciousness is explicable in computational terms, explanations of consciousness, and Dennett’s (1991) different account to consciousness. It will be argued that consciousness does pose a major problem for the CTM, especially when it is conceptualised as subjective experience. It will conclude that Cognitive Science should presently focus only on certain aspects of consciousness, called the easy problems.

Rethinking Cognitive Computation

Author : Andy Wells
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 113706661X
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (37 download)

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Book Synopsis Rethinking Cognitive Computation by : Andy Wells

Download or read book Rethinking Cognitive Computation written by Andy Wells and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2017-09-16 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rethinking Cognitive Computation explores the hypothesis that the mind is a computer. The exploration is based on the pioneering work of Alan Turing and presents the first detailed exposition of his theory of computation intended specifically for psychologists. Turing's bold and beautiful theory provides an ideal perspective from which to evaluate current computational thinking about the mind. The book examines the strengths and weaknesses of symbol systems and connectionist theorising and proposes a new approach called ecological functionalism. Ecological functionalism is based on Turing's fundamental insights and extends them by drawing on contemporary theories of concurrent and distributed computation to cover a wide range of psychological domains. Ecological functionalism provides the basis for a powerful, unified theory of great scope which includes social as well as individual processes. The book is intended for teaching but will also be of interest to researchers in cognitive science, psychology and philosophy of mind. Andrew Wells is a lecturer in psychology at the London School of Economics and Political Science. He has qualifications in philosophy, psychology and computer science and has published papers on a range of psychological topics.

The Computational Brain, 25th Anniversary Edition

Author : Patricia S. Churchland
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262533391
Total Pages : 569 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis The Computational Brain, 25th Anniversary Edition by : Patricia S. Churchland

Download or read book The Computational Brain, 25th Anniversary Edition written by Patricia S. Churchland and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2016-11-04 with total page 569 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An anniversary edition of the classic work that influenced a generation of neuroscientists and cognitive neuroscientists. Before The Computational Brain was published in 1992, conceptual frameworks for brain function were based on the behavior of single neurons, applied globally. In The Computational Brain, Patricia Churchland and Terrence Sejnowski developed a different conceptual framework, based on large populations of neurons. They did this by showing that patterns of activities among the units in trained artificial neural network models had properties that resembled those recorded from populations of neurons recorded one at a time. It is one of the first books to bring together computational concepts and behavioral data within a neurobiological framework. Aimed at a broad audience of neuroscientists, computer scientists, cognitive scientists, and philosophers, The Computational Brain is written for both expert and novice. This anniversary edition offers a new preface by the authors that puts the book in the context of current research. This approach influenced a generation of researchers. Even today, when neuroscientists can routinely record from hundreds of neurons using optics rather than electricity, and the 2013 White House BRAIN initiative heralded a new era in innovative neurotechnologies, the main message of The Computational Brain is still relevant.

Symbols, Computation, and Intentionality

Author : Steven Horst
Publisher : Steven Horst
ISBN 13 : 0984017631
Total Pages : 452 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Symbols, Computation, and Intentionality by : Steven Horst

Download or read book Symbols, Computation, and Intentionality written by Steven Horst and published by Steven Horst. This book was released on 2011-09-09 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Cognition, Brain, and Consciousness

Author : Bernard J. Baars
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0123814405
Total Pages : 677 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (238 download)

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Book Synopsis Cognition, Brain, and Consciousness by : Bernard J. Baars

Download or read book Cognition, Brain, and Consciousness written by Bernard J. Baars and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-02-04 with total page 677 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cognition, Brain, and Consciousness, Second Edition, provides students and readers with an overview of the study of the human brain and its cognitive development.It discusses brain molecules and their primary function, which is to help carry brain signals to and from the different parts of the human body. These molecules are also essential for understanding language, learning, perception, thinking, and other cognitive functions of our brain. The book also presents the tools that can be used to view the human brain through brain imaging or recording.New to this edition are Frontiers in Cognitive Neuroscience text boxes, each one focusing on a leading researcher and their topic of expertise. There is a new chapter on Genes and Molecules of Cognition; all other chapters have been thoroughly revised, based on the most recent discoveries.This text is designed for undergraduate and graduate students in Psychology, Neuroscience, and related disciplines in which cognitive neuroscience is taught. New edition of a very successful textbook Completely revised to reflect new advances, and feedback from adopters and students Includes a new chapter on Genes and Molecules of Cognition Student Solutions available at http://www.baars-gage.com/ For Teachers: Rapid adoption and course preparation: A wide array of instructor support materials are available online including PowerPoint lecture slides, a test bank with answers, and eFlashcords on key concepts for each chapter. A textbook with an easy-to-understand thematic approach: in a way that is clear for students from a variety of academic backgrounds, the text introduces concepts such as working memory, selective attention, and social cognition. A step-by-step guide for introducing students to brain anatomy: color graphics have been carefully selected to illustrate all points and the research explained. Beautifully clear artist's drawings are used to 'build a brain' from top to bottom, simplifying the layout of the brain. For students: An easy-to-read, complete introduction to mind-brain science: all chapters begin from mind-brain functions and build a coherent picture of their brain basis. A single, widely accepted functional framework is used to capture the major phenomena. Learning Aids include a student support site with study guides and exercises, a new Mini-Atlas of the Brain and a full Glossary of technical terms and their definitions. Richly illustrated with hundreds of carefully selected color graphics to enhance understanding.

Consciousness and the Computational Mind

Author : Ray Jackendoff
Publisher : Bradford Books
ISBN 13 : 9780262600194
Total Pages : 356 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Consciousness and the Computational Mind by : Ray Jackendoff

Download or read book Consciousness and the Computational Mind written by Ray Jackendoff and published by Bradford Books. This book was released on 1990-09-01 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examining one of the fundamental issues in cognitive psychology: How does our conscious experience come to be the way it is?

Neurodynamics of Cognition and Consciousness

Author : Leonid I. Perlovsky
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3540732675
Total Pages : 366 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Neurodynamics of Cognition and Consciousness by : Leonid I. Perlovsky

Download or read book Neurodynamics of Cognition and Consciousness written by Leonid I. Perlovsky and published by Springer. This book was released on 2007-08-26 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experimental evidence in humans and other mammalians indicates that complex neurodynamics is crucial for the emergence of higher-level intelligence. Dynamical neural systems with encoding in limit cycle and non-convergent attractors have gained increasing popularity in the past decade. The role of synchronization, desynchronization, and intermittent synchronization on cognition has been studied extensively by various authors, in particular by authors contributing to the present volume. This book addresses dynamical aspects of brain functions and cognition.

Computing the Mind

Author : Shimon Edelman
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0195320670
Total Pages : 628 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Computing the Mind by : Shimon Edelman

Download or read book Computing the Mind written by Shimon Edelman and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2008-09-08 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a culmination of humanity's millenia-long quest for self knowledge, the sciences of the mind are now in a position to offer concrete, validated answers to the most fundamental questions about human nature. By analyzing the tasks facing any sentient being that is subject to stimulation and a pressure to act, Shimon Edelman identifies computation as the common denominator in the emerging answers to all these questions.The account given in this book is accessible, yet unified and rigorous, and the big picture he presents is supported by evidence ranging from neurobiology to computer science. This book should be read by anyone seeking a comprehensive introduction to cognitive psychology.

Computation, Dynamics, and Cognition

Author : Marco Giunti
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0195090098
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (95 download)

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Book Synopsis Computation, Dynamics, and Cognition by : Marco Giunti

Download or read book Computation, Dynamics, and Cognition written by Marco Giunti and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1997-07-24 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advancing the dynamical approach as the methodological frame best equipped to guide inquiry in the field's two main research programs - the symbolic and connectionist approaches - Marco Giunti engages a host of questions crucial not only to the science of cognition, but also to computation theory, dynamical systems theory, philosophy of mind, and philosophy of science.

Neurocognitive Mechanisms

Author : Gualtiero Piccinini
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192636049
Total Pages : 416 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (926 download)

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Book Synopsis Neurocognitive Mechanisms by : Gualtiero Piccinini

Download or read book Neurocognitive Mechanisms written by Gualtiero Piccinini and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-11-12 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Neurocognitive Mechanisms Gualtiero Piccinini presents the most systematic, rigorous, and comprehensive philosophical defence to date of the computational theory of cognition. His view posits that cognition involves neural computation within multilevel neurocognitive mechanisms, and includes novel ideas about ontology, functions, neural representation, neural computation, and consciousness. He begins by defending an ontologically egalitarian account of composition and realization, according to which all levels are equally real. He then explicates multiple realizability and mechanisms within this ontologically egalitarian framework, defends a goal-contribution account of teleological functions, and defends a mechanistic version of functionalism. This provides the foundation for a mechanistic account of computation, which in turn clarifies the ways in which the computational theory of cognition is a multilevel mechanistic theory supported by contemporary cognitive neuroscience. Piccinini argues that cognition is computational at least in a generic sense. He defends the computational theory of cognition from standard objections, yet also rebuts putative a priori arguments. He contends that the typical vehicles of neural computations are representations, and that, contrary to the received view, the representations posited by the computational theory of cognition are observable and manipulatable in the laboratory. He also contends that neural computations are neither digital nor analog; instead, neural computations are sui generis. He concludes by investigating the relation between computation and consciousness, suggesting that consciousness may be a functional phenomenon without being computational in nature. This book will be of interest to philosophers of cognitive science as well as neuroscientists.

Mind Computation

Author : Shi Zhongzhi
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 981314582X
Total Pages : 488 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (131 download)

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Book Synopsis Mind Computation by : Shi Zhongzhi

Download or read book Mind Computation written by Shi Zhongzhi and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2017-02-17 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mind computation is a hot topic of intelligence science. It is explored by computing to explain the theoretical basis of human intelligence. Through long-term research, a mind model CAM (Consciousness and Memory) is proposed, which provides a general framework for brain-like intelligence and brain-like intelligent systems. This novel book centers on mind model CAM, systematically discusses the theoretical basis of mind computation in nine chapters. Because of its advanced progresses on brain-like intelligence, it is useful as a primary reference volume for professionals and graduate students in intelligence science, cognitive science and artificial intelligence.