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Cocaine Trafficking Through West Africa
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Book Synopsis Cocaine Trafficking in the Caribbean and West Africa in the Era of the Mexican Cartels by : Daurius Figueira
Download or read book Cocaine Trafficking in the Caribbean and West Africa in the Era of the Mexican Cartels written by Daurius Figueira and published by iUniverse. This book was released on 2012 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with three major developments within the illicit drug trade of the Caribbean Basin that not only changed the nature of the illicit trade but has expanded the expanse of the trade as it now impacts Africa and Asia making it truly globalised. The three major developments dealt with are: the trafficking jump to West Africa by Caribbean Basin drug trafficking organisations, the rise to dominance of the Mexican cartels in the illicit trade of the Caribbean Basin and the evolution and nature of Caribbean gangland and its organic links to the illicit drug trade.
Book Synopsis The Challenge of Drug Trafficking to Democratic Governance and Human Security in West Africa by : David Edward Brown
Download or read book The Challenge of Drug Trafficking to Democratic Governance and Human Security in West Africa written by David Edward Brown and published by Army War College Press. This book was released on 2013 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International criminal networks mainly from Latin America and Africa -- some with links to terrorism -- are turning West Africa into a key global hub for the distribution, wholesaling, and production of illicit drugs. These groups represent an existential threat to democratic governance of already fragile states in the sub-region because they are using narco-corruption to stage coups d'état, hijack elections, and co-opt or buy political power. Besides a spike in drug-related crime, narcotics trafficking is also fraying West Africa's traditional social fabric and creating a public health crisis, with hundreds of thousands of new drug addicts. While the inflow of drug money may seem economically beneficial to West Africa in the short-term, investors will be less inclined to do business in the long-term if the sub-region is unstable. On net, drug trafficking and other illicit trade represent the most serious challenge to human security in the region since resource conflicts rocked several West African countries in the early 1990s. International aid to West Africa's "war on drugs" is only in an initial stage; progress will be have to be measured in decades or even generations, not years and also unfold in parallel with creating alternative sustainable livelihoods and addressing the longer-term challenges of human insecurity, poverty, and underdevelopment.
Book Synopsis Countering the Drug Trade in West Africa by : Cristina Webster
Download or read book Countering the Drug Trade in West Africa written by Cristina Webster and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, West Africa has played an increasing role in the global drug trade. In the early 2000s, drug traffickers searching for new routes and markets began shipping South American cocaine to Europe through West Africa. Criminal groups have now expanded their operations in the region to include heroin trafficking and methamphetamine production. While cocaine trafficked through West Africa typically reaches Europe rather than the United States, illicit activities surrounding the West African drug trade jeopardize U.S. goals in the region. The drug trade destabilizes governments and funds terrorist organizations, including Hezbollah and Al Qaeda in the Land of the Islamic Maghreb. In 2011, the State Department launched the West Africa Cooperative Security Initiative to coordinate the U.S. response to these threats. This has been a positive start, but the Caucus believes more must be done. This book provides eight recommendations on how the United States can better assist our partners in West Africa.
Book Synopsis Drug Trafficking in West Africa by : William R. Wallace
Download or read book Drug Trafficking in West Africa written by William R. Wallace and published by . This book was released on 2018-04-30 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: West Africa has become a global hub for illegal drugs transiting from both Latin America and Asia to end users in North America, Europe, the Middle East, and Asia. The type of illegal substances has expanded from cocaine and heroin to amphetamine-type stimulants. West Africa is particularly susceptible to influence by transnational criminal organizations (TCOs) due to endemic corruption, minimal border security, regional geographic location, and poor resource management. This thesis determines the impact of drug trafficking in West Africa on the national security interests of the United States. The U.S. strategy derived from the National Security Strategy, as well as the National Strategy to Combat Transnational Organized Crime. This study reports the conditions that exist and are exploited by TCOs in an effort to conduct illegal activities and undermine the security of West African countries and the national security interests of the United States. The significance of this study is that it provides further guidance and research opportunities for scholars and government officials to continue to analyze how the United States addresses the potential of a destabilized West Africa from affecting the national security interests of the United States of America. CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION * Background * Primary Research Question * Secondary Research Questions * Assumptions * Definitions of Key Terms * Scope and Limitations * Delimitations * Significance of the Study * Organization of the Study * CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW * Introduction * Section 1: Current Drug Trafficking Trends in West Africa * Section 2: Current National Security Strategy Relating to Drug Trafficking and Transnational Crime * Section 3: Congressional Testimonies and Research Relating to West African Drug Trafficking * Section 4: Summary of Findings * CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY * Introduction * Section 1: Data Collection * Section 2: Credibility of Sources * Section 3: Data Analysis * Section 4: Summary and Conclusions * CHAPTER 4 ANALYSIS * Introduction * Section 1: Overview of Transnational Crime and Drug Trafficking Trends * Section 2: Drugs Being Trafficked through West Africa * Section 3: The U.S. National Interest Regarding TOC * Section 4: Summary of Analysis * CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS * Conclusion * Recommendations * BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Synopsis Africa and the War on Drugs by : Neil Carrier
Download or read book Africa and the War on Drugs written by Neil Carrier and published by Zed Books Ltd.. This book was released on 2012-10-11 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nigerian drug lords in UK prisons, khat-chewing Somali pirates hijacking Western ships, crystal meth-smoking gangs controlling South Africa's streets, and narco-traffickers corrupting the state in Guinea-Bissau: these are some of the vivid images surrounding drugs in Africa which have alarmed policymakers, academics and the general public in recent years. In this revealing and original book, the authors weave these aspects into a provocative argument about Africa's role in the global trade and control of drugs. In doing so, they show how foreign-inspired policies have failed to help African drug users but have strengthened the role of corrupt and brutal law enforcement officers, who are tasked with halting the export of heroin and cocaine to European and American consumer markets. A vital book on an overlooked front of the so-called war on drugs.
Book Synopsis Illicit Drug Trafficking in West Africa by : Gregory J. Broecker
Download or read book Illicit Drug Trafficking in West Africa written by Gregory J. Broecker and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The latest World Drug Report from the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) paints a grim picture of worldwide drug smuggling. Cocaine bound for wealthy industrialized countries is increasingly transiting through poverty-stricken developing countries. The UNODC reports show a clear increase in cocaine and other illicit drugs transiting West Africa. These drugs originating in Latin and South America are moving via sea, land and air through West African countries north into Europe and North America. Weak governance contributes to this increasing problem, facilitating logistics routes for drug smugglers. The U.S. has multiple tools at its disposal; security assistance resources, partnering countries to coordinate with, and various international organizations to leverage, orchestrating mechanisms in countering illicit drug trafficking via air through West Africa. Introducing primary surveillance radar (PSR) to the region will illuminate non-cooperative movement and add another tool to counter illicit drug trade through West Africa. PSR will also serve to cover multiple agency policy objectives and underpin effective airspace management, enabling trade, investment and economic development.
Download or read book Drugs in Africa written by G. Klantschnig and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-08-07 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This cutting-edge volume is the first to address the burgeoning interest in drugs and Africa among scholars, policymakers, and the general public. It brings together an interdisciplinary group of leading academics and practitioners to explore the use, trade, production, and control of mind-altering substances on the continent
Author :United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations. Subcommittee on African Affairs Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :56 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (327 download)
Book Synopsis Confronting Drug Trafficking in West Africa by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations. Subcommittee on African Affairs
Download or read book Confronting Drug Trafficking in West Africa written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations. Subcommittee on African Affairs and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Why Has West Africa Become a Nexus for the International Traffickers? by : Yahya H. Affinnih
Download or read book Why Has West Africa Become a Nexus for the International Traffickers? written by Yahya H. Affinnih and published by Covenant Books, Inc.. This book was released on 2023-02-16 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is undoubtedly rich in different diverse sources and literature that are put together into a coherent whole instead of dispersed copious literature on the genesis of West African countries' integration into the world political economy and geopolitics of the drug trade. To the author's best knowledge, there is no similar book that has focused on the recent West Africa drug connection. The book is well-researched and documented. It fills the missing void in the discourse of West Africa drug trade arrangements. This book is one of its kind in the annals of West Africa's drug trade history. This thrust and the thesis of the book is to provide a plausible and sufficient explanation as to why West Africa has become international traffickers' transshipments and transits hubs and cocaine distribution and repackage centers for cocaine en route to Europe. This book is informative for a wide variety of readers such as students, social analysts from different social sciences disciplines, drug policy makers in West African countries, and elsewhere in the world. The book's subject matter is a global-wide problem that concerns all modern human societies worldwide. There are no human societies that are immune to the dynamics of the global drug trade industries that pose threat to human, national, and global security in its wake.
Book Synopsis Illegal Drug Trade in Africa by : Liana Sun Wyler
Download or read book Illegal Drug Trade in Africa written by Liana Sun Wyler and published by Silverwood Institute. This book was released on 2012-05-04 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years Africa has increasingly become a locus for drug trafficking (DT), particularly of cocaine. Africa's emergence as a DT nexus has resulted from shifts in internat. DT patterns, incl. heightened European demand for cocaine, internat. counter-narcotics pressure driving drug traffickers away from traditional DT routes, and the allure of low levels of law enforce. and high rates of corruption in many African countries. Contents of this report: The Rising DT Threat; Implications for U.S. Interests; DT and Use Trends in Africa; Illicit Drug Use Trends in Africa; Focus on West Africa as a Global Cocaine Transit Hub; U.S. Policy; Multilateral and Regional Efforts to Combat DT in Africa; Congressional Role. Map and tables. A print on demand report.
Book Synopsis Cocaine Trafficking in West Africa by :
Download or read book Cocaine Trafficking in West Africa written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Challenge of Drug Trafficking to Democratic Governance and Human Security in by : U S Army War College
Download or read book The Challenge of Drug Trafficking to Democratic Governance and Human Security in written by U S Army War College and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-09-22 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: West Africa is under attack from international criminal networks that are using the subregion as a key global hub for the distribution, wholesale, and increased production of illicit drugs. Most drug trade in West Africa involves cocaine sold in Europe, although heroin is also trafficked to the United States, and the subregion is becoming an export base for amphetamines and their precursors, mainly for East Asian markets and, increasingly, the United States. The most important of these criminal networks are drug trafficking organizations (DTOs) from Latin America-primarily from Colombia, Venezuela, and Mexico-partnering with West African criminals. These criminals, particularly Nigerians and Ghanaians, have been involved in the global drug trade for several decades, first with cannabis and later with heroin. The problem has worsened to the point that these networks represent an existential threat to the viability of already fragile states in West Africa as independent, rule of law based entities. As part of this new Latin America- West Africa criminal nexus, Guinea-Bissau is generally recognized as a narco-state where state-capture by traffickers has already occurred. There is also increasingly strong evidence linking terrorist organizations or state sponsors of terrorism to the West Africa drug trade, including Colombia's Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC), al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM), Hezbollah (allied with elements in the Lebanese diaspora), Venezuela, and Iran. These criminal and terrorist groups are also a threat to U.S. national security, because the illicit profits earned by Latin American drug cartels operating in West Africa strengthen the same crimi nal elements that traffic drugs to North America, and the same North African and Middle Eastern terrorist groups and nations that target the United States. The link to AQIM takes on particular significance in light of this terrorist organization's recent takeover of a vast sector of ungoverned space in northern Mali, along with Touareg allies. West Africa's geographical location between Latin America and Europe made it an ideal transit zone for exploitation by powerful drug cartels and terrorist organizations-much as the Caribbean and Central America had long suffered for being placed between South America's cocaine producers and North America's cocaine users. West Africa's primary operational allure to traffickers is not actually geography, however, but rather its low standards of governance, low levels of law enforcement capacity, and high rates of corruption. Latin American traffickers recently relocated a share of their wholesale distribution from the Western Hemisphere to West Africa, with the subregion moving from being merely a short-term transit point to becoming a storage and staging area for wholesale repackaging, re-routing and sometimes (re-)sale of drugs.
Book Synopsis Cocaine Trafficking Through West Africa by : Michael D. Reiner
Download or read book Cocaine Trafficking Through West Africa written by Michael D. Reiner and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Traditionally, the primary cocaine trafficking routes from South America started at coca farms and laboratories in Colombia, traversed Mexico and the Caribbean, and ended with dealers and users in the US. In the last decade, a significant shift has occurred, with increasing amounts of cocaine travelling through West Africa to Europe. This shift developed in response to increased cocaine demand in Europe, successful interdiction of traditional trafficking routes in the Western Hemisphere, and weak governance in West Africa. However, the significance of this shift in narcotrafficking patterns goes far beyond opening a new front in the "War on Drugs." The hybridization of profit-motivated transnational organized criminal groups with ideologically-driven international terrorist networks threatens to accelerate the destabilization of the nations of West Africa while generating significant funding for terrorist groups."--Abstract from web site.
Book Synopsis Drug Trafficking as a Security Threat in West Africa by :
Download or read book Drug Trafficking as a Security Threat in West Africa written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "At a high-level conference on drug trafficking as a security threat to West Africa in Praia, Cape Verde, the Executive Director of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), Antonio Maria Costa, warned that "West Africa is at risk of becoming an epicentre for drug trafficking and the crime and corruption associated with it". A report by UNODC, launched at the meeting, shows that at least 50 tons of cocaine from the Andean countries are transiting West Africa every year, heading north where they are worth almost $2 billion on the streets of European cities. Most cocaine entering Africa from South America makes landfall around Guinea-Bissau in the north and Ghana in the south. Much of the drugs are shipped to Europe by drug mules on commercial flights. According to seizure data, the majority of air couriers seem to be coming from Guinea (Conakry), Mali, Nigeria and Senegal destined for France, Spain and the United Kingdom. Upon arrival, the cocaine is predominantly distributed by West African criminal networks throughout Europe. The problem is getting worse. Cocaine seizures have doubled every year for the past three years: from 1,323 kilograms in 2005, to 3,161 in 2006, to 6,458 in 2007. Major seizures have been made in 2008, including 600 kilos of cocaine found in a plane (with fake Red Cross markings) at the airport in Freetown, Sierra Leone this summer. Most seizures occur by accident - "this is probably just the tip of the cocaine iceberg", said Mr. Costa. Local police are ill-equipped to deal with the threat, and "prosecutors and judges lack the evidence or the will to bring to justice powerful criminals with powerful friends", observed the UN's top crime-fighting official. Time is running out", warned Mr. Costa. "The threat is spreading throughout the region, turning the Gold Coast into the Coke Coast". Narco-trafficking, through a vulnerable region that has never previously faced a drugs problem, is perverting weak economies - evident by the unusual appreciation of currencies and inflows of foreign direct investment. It is also corrupting senior officials, and poisoning the youth by spreading addiction and criminality. "This is more than a drugs problem - it is a threat to public health and security in West Africa", said the head of UNODC. Mr. Costa underlined the importance of promoting development and strengthening the rule of law in order to reduce vulnerability to drugs and crime. He called on governments of the region to strengthen integrity and criminal justice to "stop the corruption that is enabling criminals to infiltrate your countries". He urged the international community to provide the assistance needed to help the countries under attack to regain control of their coasts and airspace, and train special police forces to investigate organized crime and drug trafficking. Because organized crime is a trans-national problem, regional cooperation is crucial. The head of UNODC proposed the creation of a West Africa intelligence-sharing centre. But he warned that "there will be no success in combating this regional problem if individual countries fail to stamp out the problem in their midst - criminals will exploit the weakest links and the whole chain will break". At the Praia meeting, Ministers of the Economic Community of West Africa States (ECOWAS) agreed to a Political Declaration on Drug Trafficking and Organized Crime in West Africa and an ECOWAS Regional Response Plan. Mr. Costa urged the Ministers to follow up these words with robust deeds "to drive the traffickers from the shores of West Africa.'"--Publisher description.
Book Synopsis Tackling Africa's First Narco-State by : U. S. Army U.S. Army War College
Download or read book Tackling Africa's First Narco-State written by U. S. Army U.S. Army War College and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-12-16 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S., Europe and regional African players must tackle drug smuggling in West Africa to prevent that region from falling into chaos. Today, West Africa is a significant nexus for the illegal trafficking of oil, weapons, cigarettes, drugs and other commodities. The United States has labeled Guinea-Bissau Africa's first narco-state and it has become the epicenter of a region where Transnational Criminal Organizations are corrupting governments and societies at an alarming rate. Their nefarious efforts, and Guinea-Bissau's state failure, conflict with U.S. stated interests. Tackling corruption, neutralizing spoilers, and increasing the societies' culture of lawfulness are necessary steps to save West Africa. This will be challenging in Guinea-Bissau due to geography, culture, government structure, and a corrupted military. But with the right adjustments to resources, authorities and priorities, it can be done
Book Synopsis Perils of Drugs in West Africa by : Binneh Minteh
Download or read book Perils of Drugs in West Africa written by Binneh Minteh and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2010-06 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since a 2007 United Nations report cited West Africa as the new front for cocaine trafficking by South American Drug Barons, media reports have linked several governments to the trade. Some analysts linked political instability in a few West African countries to the cocaine trade as root causes. Proliferation of banks and the flow of excess capital from unknown horizons sounded the alarm on trafficking in drugs as fundamental driving mechanisms.In spite of regional efforts confronting the trade, seizures of large amounts of cocaine in Senegal, Mauritania, Mali, Ghana, Guinea and Guinea-Bissau brought to light compelling realities of the drug trade as West Africa's newest peripheral vulnerability.The book distinctly argues that infiltration of the region by drug syndicates poses a real challenge to democracy and the rule of law, governance and progressive economic sustainability, fabrics of West African communities and plight of the West African Youth. It also theorizes the linkages of the trade to Transnational Terrorism. Policy measures provided should therefore help West African governments to work in partnerships with international partners in confronting the drug trade.
Book Synopsis The Perils of Drugs in West Africa by : Binneh S. Minteh
Download or read book The Perils of Drugs in West Africa written by Binneh S. Minteh and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since a 2007 United Nations report cited West Africa as the new front for cocaine trafficking by South American Drug Barons, media reports have linked several governments to the trade. Some analysts linked political instability in a few West African countries to the cocaine trade. The Proliferation of banks and the flow of excess capital from unknown horizons sounded the alarm on trafficking in drugs as fundamental driving mechanisms. In spite of regional and international efforts to confront the trade, seizures of large amounts of cocaine in Senegal, Mauritania, Mali, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea and Guinea-Bissau brought to light compelling realities of the drug trade as West Africa's newest peripheral vulnerability. The paper provides theoretical and practical inferences on challenges of the drug trade to governance, sustainable economic development and the threats of transnational terrorism. A prescriptive policy framework is provided for regional governments and international partners for the effective containment of the illicit trade.
