Clauses Without That

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Clauses Without 'That'

Author : Cathal Doherty
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135714215
Total Pages : 164 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (357 download)

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Book Synopsis Clauses Without 'That' by : Cathal Doherty

Download or read book Clauses Without 'That' written by Cathal Doherty and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-01-14 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Study investigates the syntax of complement and relative clauses in English which lack overt complementizers (clauses without that ). The central analytical claim is that these clauses differ in phrase structure from their synonymous counterparts with overt complementizers. In particular, novel evidence from adjunction facts is used to demonstrate that clauses without that are more appropriately analyzed as bare sentences of the category IP rather than CP with a phonologically null head, a proposal which has since been adopted in many economy-driven approaches to phrase structure. In addition to strong empirical support, the IP-analysis is shown to provide explanations for a variety of related syntactic phenomena, superior to those available under the previous CP-analysis. These include the restricted syntactic distribution of that -less complements, in addition to the adjacency restrictions on that -less relative clauses. The analytical task posed by the that -trace effect is also very much reduced under the IP-analysis. The work also examines the syntax of 'subject contact clauses' (e.g. There's a man wants to see you .), common in many non-standard varieties, including Hiberno-English and establishes that they have all the distinctive properties of other that -less relative clauses. This book will be of interest to a broad variety of readers: scholars working in all areas of generative syntax, specialists in English and Germanic syntax, in addition to researchers in non-standard English and Hiberno-English.

The Elements of Style

Author : William Strunk Jr.
Publisher : Arcturus Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1398833916
Total Pages : 70 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (988 download)

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Book Synopsis The Elements of Style by : William Strunk Jr.

Download or read book The Elements of Style written by William Strunk Jr. and published by Arcturus Publishing. This book was released on 2023-10-01 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1918, William Strunk Jr.'s The Elements of Style is a guide to writing in American English. The boolk outlines eight "elementary rules of usage", ten "elementary principles of composition", "a few matters of form", a list of 49 "words and expressions commonly misused", and a list of 57 "words often misspelled". A later edition, enhanced by E B White, was named by Time magazine in 2011 as one of the 100 best and most influential books written in English since 1923.

The Blue Book of Grammar and Punctuation

Author : Lester Kaufman
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119652847
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (196 download)

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Book Synopsis The Blue Book of Grammar and Punctuation by : Lester Kaufman

Download or read book The Blue Book of Grammar and Punctuation written by Lester Kaufman and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-04-16 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The bestselling workbook and grammar guide, revised and updated! Hailed as one of the best books around for teaching grammar, The Blue Book of Grammar and Punctuation includes easy-to-understand rules, abundant examples, dozens of reproducible quizzes, and pre- and post-tests to help teach grammar to middle and high schoolers, college students, ESL students, homeschoolers, and more. This concise, entertaining workbook makes learning English grammar and usage simple and fun. This updated 12th edition reflects the latest updates to English usage and grammar, and includes answers to all reproducible quizzes to facilitate self-assessment and learning. Clear and concise, with easy-to-follow explanations, offering "just the facts" on English grammar, punctuation, and usage Fully updated to reflect the latest rules, along with even more quizzes and pre- and post-tests to help teach grammar Ideal for students from seventh grade through adulthood in the US and abroad For anyone who wants to understand the major rules and subtle guidelines of English grammar and usage, The Blue Book of Grammar and Punctuation offers comprehensive, straightforward instruction.

The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language

Author : Rodney D. Huddleston
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780521527613
Total Pages : 1860 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (276 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language by : Rodney D. Huddleston

Download or read book The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language written by Rodney D. Huddleston and published by . This book was released on 2002-04 with total page 1860 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This grammar for the 21st century combines clear grammatical principles with non-technical explanations of all terms and concepts used.

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Author : Kate Woodford
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780521824231
Total Pages : 1550 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (242 download)

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Book Synopsis Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary by : Kate Woodford

Download or read book Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary written by Kate Woodford and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 1550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary is the ideal dictionary for advanced EFL/ESL learners. Easy to use and with a great CD-ROM - the perfect learner's dictionary for exam success. First published as the Cambridge International Dictionary of English, this new edition has been completely updated and redesigned. - References to over 170,000 words, phrases and examples explained in clear and natural English - All the important new words that have come into the language (e.g. dirty bomb, lairy, 9/11, clickable) - Over 200 'Common Learner Error' notes, based on the Cambridge Learner Corpus from Cambridge ESOL exams Plus, on the CD-ROM: - SMART thesaurus - lets you find all the words with the same meaning - QUICKfind - automatically looks up words while you are working on-screen - SUPERwrite - tools for advanced writing, giving help with grammar and collocation - Hear and practise all the words.

Relative Clauses with Relative Pronouns

Author : Heidrun Dietrich
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3638836142
Total Pages : 61 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (388 download)

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Book Synopsis Relative Clauses with Relative Pronouns by : Heidrun Dietrich

Download or read book Relative Clauses with Relative Pronouns written by Heidrun Dietrich and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2007-10 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 1994 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, course: Englische Grammatik, 10 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: A complex sentence consists of a main clause and a subordinate clause which functions as subject, object, adverbial or complement. "When you mention something or someone in a sentence, you often want to give further information about them. One way to do this is to use a relative clause." My explanations are based on several literatures. I used the Grammar books by Sinclair, Quirk and Swan. The examples I used I also took from school grammar books and textbooks. We distinguish three types of relative clauses: - (adnominal) relative clauses - nominal relative clauses and - sentential relative clauses You get further information especially on adnominal relative clauses and some additional points on nominal relative clauses. But adnominal relative clauses are the central type of relative clauses. Moreover we distinguish two kinds of adnominal relative clauses: - defining relative clauses - non-defining relative clauses. Relative clauses are introduced mostly by relative pronouns. They can function as subjects or objects of verbs in the relative clause and they join sentences together.

A Brief History of English Syntax

Author : Olga Fischer
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521768586
Total Pages : 249 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (217 download)

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Book Synopsis A Brief History of English Syntax by : Olga Fischer

Download or read book A Brief History of English Syntax written by Olga Fischer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-06-08 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An accessible, up-to-date account of the major changes in English syntax since its beginnings up to the present day.

Suggestions to Medical Authors and A.M.A. Style Book

Author : American Medical Association
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 72 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Suggestions to Medical Authors and A.M.A. Style Book by : American Medical Association

Download or read book Suggestions to Medical Authors and A.M.A. Style Book written by American Medical Association and published by . This book was released on 1919 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Relative Clauses in Languages of the Americas

Author : Bernard Comrie
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN 13 : 902720683X
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

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Book Synopsis Relative Clauses in Languages of the Americas by : Bernard Comrie

Download or read book Relative Clauses in Languages of the Americas written by Bernard Comrie and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2012 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Patterns of relative clause formation tend to vary according to the typological properties of a language. Highly polysynthetic languages tend to have fully nominalized relative clauses and no relative pronouns, while other typologically diverse languages tend to have relative clauses which are similar to main or independent clauses. Languages of the Americas, with their rich genetic diversity, have all been under the influence of European languages, whether Spanish, English or Portuguese, a situation that may be expected to have influenced their grammatical patterns. The present volume focuses on two tasks: The first deals with the discussion of functional principles related to relative clause formation: diachrony and paths of grammaticalization, simplicity vs. complexity, and formalization of rules to capture semantic-syntactic correlations. The second provides a typological overview of relative clauses in nine different languages going from north to south in the Americas.

Grammar Choices for Graduate and Professional Writers, Second Edition

Author : Nigel A Caplan
Publisher : University of Michigan Press ELT
ISBN 13 : 0472037315
Total Pages : 217 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (72 download)

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Book Synopsis Grammar Choices for Graduate and Professional Writers, Second Edition by : Nigel A Caplan

Download or read book Grammar Choices for Graduate and Professional Writers, Second Edition written by Nigel A Caplan and published by University of Michigan Press ELT. This book was released on 2019-01-04 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Grammar Choices is a different kind of grammar book: It is written for graduate students, including MBA, master’s, and doctoral candidates, as well as postdoctoral researchers and faculty. Additionally, it describes the language of advanced academic writing with more than 300 real examples from successful graduate students and from published texts, including corpora. Each of the eight units in Grammar Choices contains: an overview of the grammar topic; a preview test that allows students to assess their control of the target grammar and teachers to diagnose areas of difficulty; an authentic example of graduate-student writing showing the unit grammar in use; clear descriptions of essential grammar structures using the framework of functional grammar, cutting-edge research in applied linguistics, and corpus studies; vocabulary relevant to the grammar point is introduced—for example, common verbs in the passive voice, summary nouns used with this/these, and irregular plural nouns; authentic examples for every grammar point from corpora and published texts; exercises for every grammar point that help writers develop grammatical awareness and use, including completing sentences, writing, revising, paraphrasing, and editing; and a section inviting writers to investigate discipline-specific language use and apply it to an academic genre. Among the changes in the Second Edition are: new sections on parallel form (Unit 2) and possessives (Unit 5) revised and expanded explanations, but particularly regarding verb complementation, complement noun clauses, passive voice, and stance/engagement a restructured Unit 2 and significantly revised/updated Unit 7 new Grammar Awareness tasks in Units 3, 5, and 6 new exercises plus revision/updating of many others self-editing checklists in the Grammar in Your Discipline sections at the end of each unit representation of additional academic disciplines (e.g., engineering, management) in example sentences and texts and in exercises.

A Greek Grammar for Schools and Colleges

Author : Herbert Weir Smyth
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 560 pages
Book Rating : 4.A/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis A Greek Grammar for Schools and Colleges by : Herbert Weir Smyth

Download or read book A Greek Grammar for Schools and Colleges written by Herbert Weir Smyth and published by . This book was released on 1916 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Non-Interrogative Subordinate Wh-Clauses

Author : Łukasz Jędrzejowski
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192658999
Total Pages : 561 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (926 download)

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Book Synopsis Non-Interrogative Subordinate Wh-Clauses by : Łukasz Jędrzejowski

Download or read book Non-Interrogative Subordinate Wh-Clauses written by Łukasz Jędrzejowski and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023-07-17 with total page 561 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume examines subordinate wh-clauses that lack an interrogative interpretation, particularly those in which the wh-word seems to deviate from its literal meaning. These include subordinate manner wh-clauses that have a declarative-like meaning, locative wh-clauses expressing kinds, and headed relatives that serve as recognitional cues, among many others. While regular interrogative embedding has been widely studied in recent years, little is known about the circumstances under which non-interrogative (subordinate) wh-clauses are licensed, nor why some, but not all, wh-phrases can be polyfunctional. The chapters in the book combine the study of cross-linguistic variation in patterns of subordination with formal semantic and syntactic analyses, with data drawn from a wide range of languages including Basque, Czech, English, Mandarin, Romanian, and Taiwan Southern Min. They provide novel insights into the ways in which wh-phrases can be used to introduce complements, relative clauses, and adverbial clauses, and show how the meanings associated with wh-words are exploited beyond their standard distribution. The findings have implications for our understanding of both the phenomenon of subordination as a whole and the relationship between form and meaning in wh-clauses.

The Critical Reader

Author : Erica L. Meltzer
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781515182061
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (82 download)

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Book Synopsis The Critical Reader by : Erica L. Meltzer

Download or read book The Critical Reader written by Erica L. Meltzer and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intended to clearly and systematically demystify what is often considered the most challenging section of the SAT, The Critical Reader, 2nd Edition, provides a comprehensive review of the reading skills tested on the redesigned exam for students who are serious about raising their scores. Includes: -A chapter-by-chapter breakdown of question types, with in-depth explanations and numerous examples demonstrating how to work through each type. -Techniques for comprehending complex passages and identifying key information quickly and efficiently. -Extensive strategies for simplifying and answering paired supporting evidence questions as well as informational graphic questions. -A list of alternate definitions of common words, plus strategies for using context clues to decipher the meaning of unfamiliar vocabulary. To allow students to apply the strategies outlined in this book to College Board material while focusing on the specific areas in which they are seeking to improve, this book also includes a list of all the Reading questions from the Khan Academy exams/College Board Official Guide, 3rd Edition (2015), arranged both by category and by test. Note: If you are preparing for the AP English Language and Composition exam, a separate AP Edition is now available in beta form (multiple-choice reading only) at https://www.createspace.com/7045612.

Eats, Shoots & Leaves

Author : Lynne Truss
Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 1101218290
Total Pages : 119 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (12 download)

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Book Synopsis Eats, Shoots & Leaves by : Lynne Truss

Download or read book Eats, Shoots & Leaves written by Lynne Truss and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2004-04-12 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We all know the basics of punctuation. Or do we? A look at most neighborhood signage tells a different story. Through sloppy usage and low standards on the internet, in email, and now text messages, we have made proper punctuation an endangered species. In Eats, Shoots & Leaves, former editor Lynne Truss dares to say, in her delightfully urbane, witty, and very English way, that it is time to look at our commas and semicolons and see them as the wonderful and necessary things they are. This is a book for people who love punctuation and get upset when it is mishandled. From the invention of the question mark in the time of Charlemagne to George Orwell shunning the semicolon, this lively history makes a powerful case for the preservation of a system of printing conventions that is much too subtle to be mucked about with.

Syntactic Constructions in English

Author : Jong-Bok Kim
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108634753
Total Pages : 369 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (86 download)

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Book Synopsis Syntactic Constructions in English by : Jong-Bok Kim

Download or read book Syntactic Constructions in English written by Jong-Bok Kim and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-05-21 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Construction grammar (CxG) is a framework for syntactic analysis that takes constructions - pairings of form and meaning that range from the highly idiomatic to the very general - to be the building blocks of sentence meaning. Offering the first comprehensive introduction to CxG to focus on both English words and the constructions that combine them, this textbook shows students not only what the analyses of particular structures are, but also how and why those analyses are constructed, with each chapter taking the student step-by-step through the reasoning processes that yield the best description of a data set. It offers a wealth of illustrative examples and exercises, largely based on real language data, making it ideal for both self-study and classroom use. Written in an accessible and engaging way, this textbook will open up this increasingly popular linguistic framework to anyone interested in the grammatical patterns of English.

Oxford Guide to English Grammar

Author : John Eastwood
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 464 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Oxford Guide to English Grammar by : John Eastwood

Download or read book Oxford Guide to English Grammar written by John Eastwood and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oxford Guide to English Grammar is a systematic account of grammatical forms and the way they are used in modern standard English. It is designed for learners at intermediate and advanced levels and for teachers, and is equally suitable for quick reference to details or for the more leisured study of grammatical topics. The emphasis is on meaning in the choice of grammatical pattern, and on the use of patterns in texts and in conversations.

Headless Relative Clauses in Mesoamerican Languages

Author : Associate Professor of Linguistics Ivano Caponigro
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0197518370
Total Pages : 579 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (975 download)

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Book Synopsis Headless Relative Clauses in Mesoamerican Languages by : Associate Professor of Linguistics Ivano Caponigro

Download or read book Headless Relative Clauses in Mesoamerican Languages written by Associate Professor of Linguistics Ivano Caponigro and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2020-12-15 with total page 579 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume constitutes the first in-depth, systematic study of varieties of headless relative clauses in fifteen languages from five language families, all Mesoamerican languages spoken in Mexico and Guatemala and one Chibchan language spoken in Honduras. Headless relative clauses are clauses that often resemble interrogative clauses or headed relative clauses in their morpho-syntactic shape, but whose meaning brings them close to nominal constructions. For the vastmajority of the languages in this volume, many of which are endangered and all of which are understudied, the work presented here represents the only published material on the subject.