Civil Wars in Rwanda and Burundi

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Author :
Publisher : New Africa Press
ISBN 13 : 0981425844
Total Pages : 664 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (814 download)

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Book Synopsis Civil Wars in Rwanda and Burundi by : Godfrey Mwakikagile

Download or read book Civil Wars in Rwanda and Burundi written by Godfrey Mwakikagile and published by New Africa Press. This book was released on 2013 with total page 664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a historical survey and analysis of some of the bloodiest conflicts in modern times. The civil wars in Rwanda and Burundi, twin states in the Great Lakes region of East Africa, are often explained in simplistic terms even by some political pundits as mere tribal wars, rooted in anciet hatred, between the Hutu and the Tutsi. Ethnicity is indeed a factor. But of paramount importance in this conflict between the Hutu and the Tutsi, in both countries, is the struggle for power although with "racial" overtones, and the exclusion of the Hutu majority from meaningful participation in the political process. Therefore the conflicts are not tribal wars but political statements as well, probably more than anything else; what Tanzanian President Benjamin Mkapa aptly described as "military expressions of political intent." In this comprehensive study, the author also addresses one of the most controversial subjects today: conflict resolution in Africa. There are no easy answers, but the author attempts to provide some of them. He covers as much ground as possible, trying to come up with solutions not only to the wars in Africa's Great Lakes region, but in other parts of the continent as well.

Health and Civil War in Rural Burundi

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Author :
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 37 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Health and Civil War in Rural Burundi by : Tom Bundervoet

Download or read book Health and Civil War in Rural Burundi written by Tom Bundervoet and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2008 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: This paper combines household survey data with event data on the timing and location of armed conflicts to examine the impact of Burundi's civil war on children's health status. The identification strategy exploits exogenous variation in the war's timing across provinces and the exposure of children's birth cohorts to the fighting. After controlling for province of residence, birth cohort, individual and household characteristics, and province-specific time trends, the authors find that children exposed to the war have on average 0.515 standard deviations lower height-for-age z-scores than non-exposed children. This negative effect is robust to specifications exploiting alternative sources of exogenous variation.

Civil Wars in Africa

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Publisher : McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
ISBN 13 : 0773517774
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (735 download)

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Book Synopsis Civil Wars in Africa by : Taisier Mohamed Ahmed Ali

Download or read book Civil Wars in Africa written by Taisier Mohamed Ahmed Ali and published by McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP. This book was released on 1999 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A collection of case studies of nine African countries, Civil Wars in Africa provides a comparative perspective on the causes of civil war and the processes by which internal conflict may be resolved or averted. The book focuses on the wars in Ethiopia, Liberia, Mozambique, Rwanda, Somalia, Sudan, and Uganda as well as the experiences of Tanzania and Zimbabwe, where civil war was averted, to underline conditions under which conflict can most successfully be managed. John Kiyaga-Nsubuga focuses on Yoweri Museveni and his National Resistance Movement regime's attempt to bring peace to Uganda. John Prendergast and Mark Duffield look at Ethiopia's long civil war and the role of liberation politics and external engagement. Bruce Jones studies the ethnic roots of the civil war in Rwanda. Elwood Dunn explores political manipulation and ethnic differences as causes of civil strife in Liberia. John Saul examines the role of Western powers in establishing peace in Mozambique. Hussein Adam describes the collapse of the authoritarian regime in Somalia and the subsequent rise of inter-clan and sub-clan rivalry. Taisier Ali and Robert Matthews argue that the forty-year conflict in Sudan is much more complex than the usual view that it results from the pitting of the Arab, Islamic North against the African, Christian South. Shifting the focus to how internal unrest may be managed, Hevina Dashwood examines government initiatives undertaken to maintain stability in Zimbabwe and Cranford Pratt describes the policies and institutions developed by Nyerere that enabled Tanzania to avoid ethnic, regional, and religious factionalism and intra-elite rivalries. James Busumtwi-Sam explores multilateral third-party intervention, highlighting the changing role of the OAU and the United Nations and their effectiveness in averting war. The concluding chapter draws together findings from the individual case studies and incorporates them into the larger corpus of the literature. Taisier M. Ali, formerly professor of political economy at the University of Khartoum, is presently a visiting scholar in the Department of Political Science, University of Toronto. Robert O. Matthews is professor of political science, University of Toronto.

Life after Violence

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Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 184813181X
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (481 download)

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Book Synopsis Life after Violence by : Peter Uvin

Download or read book Life after Violence written by Peter Uvin and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2009-06-15 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Burundi has recently emerged from twelve years of devastating civil war. Its economy has been destroyed and hundreds and thousands of people have been killed. In this book, the voices of ordinary Burundians are heard for the first time. Farmers, artisans, traders, mothers, soldiers and students talk about the past and the future, war and peace, their hopes for a better life and their relationships with each other and the state. Young men, in particular, often seen as the cause of violence and war, talk about the difficulties of living up to standards of masculinity in an impoverished and war-torn society. Weaving a rich tapestry, Peter Uvin pitches the ideas and aspirations of people on the ground against the theory and assumptions often made by the international development and peace-building agencies and organisations. In doing this, he illuminates both shared goals and misunderstandings. This groundbreaking book on conflict and society in Africa will have profound repercussions for development across the world.

Civil Wars in Africa

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Author :
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1793649340
Total Pages : 358 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (936 download)

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Book Synopsis Civil Wars in Africa by : Kelechi A. Kalu

Download or read book Civil Wars in Africa written by Kelechi A. Kalu and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2022-05-05 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Civil Wars in Africa, edited by Kelechi A. Kalu and George Klay Kieh, Jr., examines civil conflicts throughout various African countries. They argue that civil wars in Africa are by-products of the contradictions and crises engendered by the post-colonial state-building and nation-building projects in Africa. With few exceptions, the post-colonial states in Africa have failed to build societies that invest in the material well-being of their citizens; protect their political, civil, and other rights; promote accountability, transparency, the rule of law, judicial independence, and the holding of free and fair elections; and promote ethnic pluralism, tolerance, mutual respect, and peaceful co-existence, among others. In addition, the contributors show that the post-colonial states in Africa have been ruled by corrupt and autocratic leaders, who are obsessed with the maintenance of state power as the pathway to ensuring the private accumulation of wealth through sundry illegal means, including bribery, extortion, and theft of public funds. In sum, this volume addresses how the failure of the post-colonial African state to shepherd the process of building democratic societies based on the centrality of human security has led to the erosion of the legitimacy of the state and its custodians. Thus, once the contradictions and crises reached their crescendo, these post-colonial societies than implode into civil wars, even at the micro-level.

The Tears of a Man Flow Inward

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Publisher : Random House
ISBN 13 : 0812997654
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis The Tears of a Man Flow Inward by : Pacifique Irankunda

Download or read book The Tears of a Man Flow Inward written by Pacifique Irankunda and published by Random House. This book was released on 2022-03-29 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A prizewinning young author tells the moving story of growing up during Burundi’s ethnic civil war in this powerful memoir hailed as “a jewel of a book” (Margaret MacMillan). “There’s nothing like a great love song, and Pacifique Irankunda sings a beautiful one here to his homeland and to all those who choose love even in the bleakest of times.”—Imbolo Mbue, author of Behold the Dreamers and How Beautiful We Were Pacifique Irankunda’s childhood in Burundi was marked by a thirteen-year civil war—a grueling struggle that destroyed his home, upended his family, and devastated his country’s beautiful culture. As young boys, Paci and his brother slept in the woods on nights when the shooting and violence grew too intense; they hid in tall grass and watched as military units rolled in and leveled their village. Paci’s extraordinary mother, one of the many inspiring beacons of light in this book, led her children—and others in the village—in ingenious acts of resilience through her indomitable kindness and compassion, even toward the soldiers who threatened their lives. Drawing on his own memories and those of his family, Paci tells a story of survival in a country whose rich traditions were lost to the ravages of colonialism and ethnic strife. Written in moving, lyrical prose, The Tears of a Man Flow Inward gives us an illuminating window into what it means to come of age in dark times, and an example of how, even in the midst of uncertainty, violence, and despair, light can almost always be found.

Rwanda Revisited

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Author :
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004430121
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (44 download)

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Book Synopsis Rwanda Revisited by :

Download or read book Rwanda Revisited written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2021-12-13 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by people selected for their personalized knowledge of the Rwandan genocide, Rwanda Revisited: Genocide, Civil War, and the Transformation of International Law provides a unique level of insight, detail and first-hand knowledge about the Rwandan genocide and its aftermath.

Civil Wars in Africa

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Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1422288811
Total Pages : 112 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (222 download)

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Book Synopsis Civil Wars in Africa by : William Mark Habeeb

Download or read book Civil Wars in Africa written by William Mark Habeeb and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2014-09-29 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 1960, many African countries have been devastated by civil wars. Today, it is estimated that around 20 percent of Africas more than 1 billion people are affected, either directly or indirectly, by ongoing conflict. The widespread unrest has been a major reason the people of Africa have been unable to fully reach their potential. This book analyzes past and current conditions in Africa to shed light on the historical, cultural, governmental, religious, ethnic, and ideological factors that have caused civil wars to occur. Conflicts like the long-running war in Sudan, the unrest in Liberia and Sierra Leone, and the state failure in Somalia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo are explained. The final chapter discusses ways future civil wars might be avoided.

Historical Dictionary of Civil Wars in Africa

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Author :
Publisher : Historical Dictionaries of War
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 544 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Historical Dictionary of Civil Wars in Africa by : Guy Arnold

Download or read book Historical Dictionary of Civil Wars in Africa written by Guy Arnold and published by Historical Dictionaries of War. This book was released on 2008 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This second edition of the Historical Dictionary of Civil Wars in Africa reviews the wars that have occurred in Africa in the past half century: Algeria's struggle for independence from French colonial rule, Nigeria's fight to achieve a balanced state after the British departure, the Rwandan genocide of 1994, and the current ethnic cleansing in Darfur, to name only a few. It contains a chronology, a list of acronyms and abbreviations, an introductory essay, a bibliography, and cross-referenced dictionary entries on wars, conflicts, major political and military figures, and topics such as child soldiers, mercenaries, and blood diamonds."--Jacket.

Institutional Legacies, Decision Frames and Political Violence in Rwanda and Burundi

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429019084
Total Pages : 265 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (29 download)

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Book Synopsis Institutional Legacies, Decision Frames and Political Violence in Rwanda and Burundi by : Stacey Mitchell

Download or read book Institutional Legacies, Decision Frames and Political Violence in Rwanda and Burundi written by Stacey Mitchell and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-10-09 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rwanda and Burundi are strikingly similar countries that underwent democratization in the early 1990s. In both, resistance to democratic reforms led to coups d’état and presidential assassinations. A conundrum arises in terms of what transpires next. In Rwanda, total genocide was perpetrated by extremist Hutu actors, including government officials, upon the country’s Tutsi and politically moderate Hutu populations. In Burundi the coup d’état failed and instead ushered in a lengthy period of civil war. This divergence in outcome is puzzling given the similarity of these two countries, and it is not adequately explained by studies that address collective violence in each. This book utilizes an integrative approach that facilitates the formation of an explanation that more fully accounts for variation in the type of collective violence that occurred in Rwanda and Burundi. Showing that political actors – during periods of major institutional change – do not all respond to or perceive reform in the exact same manner or in a necessarily rational manner, this book makes an important contribution to the literature on ethnic conflict, collective violence and democratization in Africa.

From War to Genocide

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Publisher : University of Wisconsin Pres
ISBN 13 : 0299298205
Total Pages : 479 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (992 download)

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Book Synopsis From War to Genocide by : André Guichaoua

Download or read book From War to Genocide written by André Guichaoua and published by University of Wisconsin Pres. This book was released on 2015-12 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A definitive account and analysis of the evolving genocidal violence in Rwanda in 1994, and of the judicial, political, and diplomatic responses to it.

Proxy Targets

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Author :
Publisher : Human Rights Watch
ISBN 13 : 9781564321794
Total Pages : 130 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (217 download)

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Book Synopsis Proxy Targets by : Timothy Paul Longman

Download or read book Proxy Targets written by Timothy Paul Longman and published by Human Rights Watch. This book was released on 1998 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Executions of Civilians

The Order of Genocide

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Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 0801467152
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis The Order of Genocide by : Scott Straus

Download or read book The Order of Genocide written by Scott Straus and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2013-01-14 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Rwandan genocide has become a touchstone for debates about the causes of mass violence and the responsibilities of the international community. Yet a number of key questions about this tragedy remain unanswered: How did the violence spread from community to community and so rapidly engulf the nation? Why did individuals make decisions that led them to take up machetes against their neighbors? And what was the logic that drove the campaign of extermination? According to Scott Straus, a social scientist and former journalist in East Africa for several years (who received a Pulitzer Prize nomination for his reporting for the Houston Chronicle), many of the widely held beliefs about the causes and course of genocide in Rwanda are incomplete. They focus largely on the actions of the ruling elite or the inaction of the international community. Considerably less is known about how and why elite decisions became widespread exterminatory violence. Challenging the prevailing wisdom, Straus provides substantial new evidence about local patterns of violence, using original research-including the most comprehensive surveys yet undertaken among convicted perpetrators-to assess competing theories about the causes and dynamics of the genocide. Current interpretations stress three main causes for the genocide: ethnic identity, ideology, and mass-media indoctrination (in particular the influence of hate radio). Straus's research does not deny the importance of ethnicity, but he finds that it operated more as a background condition. Instead, Straus emphasizes fear and intra-ethnic intimidation as the primary drivers of the violence. A defensive civil war and the assassination of a president created a feeling of acute insecurity. Rwanda's unusually effective state was also central, as was the country's geography and population density, which limited the number of exit options for both victims and perpetrators. In conclusion, Straus steps back from the particulars of the Rwandan genocide to offer a new, dynamic model for understanding other instances of genocide in recent history-the Holocaust, Armenia, Cambodia, the Balkans-and assessing the future likelihood of such events.

The Great African War

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Author :
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521111285
Total Pages : 345 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (211 download)

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Book Synopsis The Great African War by : Filip Reyntjens

Download or read book The Great African War written by Filip Reyntjens and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-08-24 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines a decade-long period of instability, violence and state decay in Central Africa from 1996, when the war started, to 2006, when elections formally ended the political transition in the Democratic Republic of Congo. A unique combination of circumstances explain the unravelling of the conflicts: the collapsed Zairian/Congolese state; the continuation of the Rwandan civil war across borders; the shifting alliances in the region; the politics of identity in Rwanda, Burundi and eastern DRC; the ineptitude of the international community; and the emergence of privatized and criminalized public spaces and economies, linked to the global economy, but largely disconnected from the state - on whose territory the "entrepreneurs of insecurity" function. As a complement to the existing literature, this book seeks to provide an in-depth analysis of concurrent developments in Zaire/DRC, Rwanda, Burundi and Uganda in African and international contexts. By adopting a non-chronological approach, it attempts to show the dynamics of the inter-relationships between these realms and offers a toolkit for understanding the past and future of Central Africa.

The Path to Genocide in Rwanda

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Author :
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108491464
Total Pages : 439 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis The Path to Genocide in Rwanda by : Omar Shahabudin McDoom

Download or read book The Path to Genocide in Rwanda written by Omar Shahabudin McDoom and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-03-11 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Uses unique field data to offer a rigorous explanation of how Rwanda's genocide occurred and why Rwandans participated in it.

Burundi

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Author :
Publisher : C Hurst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 268 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Burundi by : Nigel Watt

Download or read book Burundi written by Nigel Watt and published by C Hurst. This book was released on 2008 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Little known in the English-speaking world, Burundi is Rwanda's twin, a small Central African country with a complex history of ethnic tension between its Hutu and Tutsi populations that has itself experienced traumatic events, including mass killings of over 200,000 people. The country remained in a state of simmering civil war until 2004, after which Julius Nyerere and Nelson Mandela took turns as mediators in a lengthy, and eventually successful, peace process which has endowed Burundi with new institutions, including a new constitution, that led to the election of a majority Hutu government in 2005. But there are many problems still to solve apart from ethnic tensions, above all the entrenched poverty of most Burundians, which has seen it designated by NGOs as one of the most deprived countries on earth. Nigel Watt's book discusses the troubled political fortunes of this beautiful, yet disturbed country in the heart of Central Africa. He traces the origins of its political crises, sheds light on Burundi's recent history by means of interviews with leading participants and those whose lives have been affected by horrific events, and helps demystify the country's ethnic divisions.

The Rwanda Crisis

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Author :
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780231104081
Total Pages : 444 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis The Rwanda Crisis by : Gérard Prunier

Download or read book The Rwanda Crisis written by Gérard Prunier and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 1995 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: He shows how Western colonialists helped to construct a Tutsi identity as a superior racial type because of their distinctly "non-Negro" features in order to facilitate greater control over the Rwandese.