Ciderology

Download Ciderology PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Spruce
ISBN 13 : 1846015812
Total Pages : 422 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (46 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Ciderology by : Gabe Cook

Download or read book Ciderology written by Gabe Cook and published by Spruce. This book was released on 2018-09-27 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Ciderology, Gabe Cook, aka 'The Ciderologist,' leading global cider expert, shares his passion for all things cider (and perry!), with an essential history of the drink and production processes, and a round-the-world tour of the most important and exciting cider makers in operation. You'll find delicious recipes incorporating cider, tasting notes for cider styles that you can try yourself, and a wealth of anecdotes and tales that intermingle fact and myth. A real treat for the drinks enthusiast, inveterate cider lover and cider novice alike, Ciderology contains anything and everything you have ever needed to know about cider. What is Ciderology? - Ciderology is about understanding the way cider making has evolved over the centuries, from the heart of cider country to the new wave of cider makers. - It's about learning how terroir and climate affect the quality of cider, just like a wine; and how to match your favourite dishes with the perfect cider. - It's about wassailing, community and tradition, but is also about the innovative and creative craft cider makers emerging all over the world.

Ciderology

Download Ciderology PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Hachette UK
ISBN 13 : 1846015812
Total Pages : 422 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (46 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Ciderology by : Gabe Cook

Download or read book Ciderology written by Gabe Cook and published by Hachette UK. This book was released on 2018-09-27 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Ciderology, Gabe Cook, aka 'The Ciderologist,' leading global cider expert, shares his passion for all things cider (and perry!), with an essential history of the drink and production processes, and a round-the-world tour of the most important and exciting cider makers in operation. You'll find delicious recipes incorporating cider, tasting notes for cider styles that you can try yourself, and a wealth of anecdotes and tales that intermingle fact and myth. A real treat for the drinks enthusiast, inveterate cider lover and cider novice alike, Ciderology contains anything and everything you have ever needed to know about cider. What is Ciderology? - Ciderology is about understanding the way cider making has evolved over the centuries, from the heart of cider country to the new wave of cider makers. - It's about learning how terroir and climate affect the quality of cider, just like a wine; and how to match your favourite dishes with the perfect cider. - It's about wassailing, community and tradition, but is also about the innovative and creative craft cider makers emerging all over the world.

Craft Cider Making

Download Craft Cider Making PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Crowood
ISBN 13 : 1785000160
Total Pages : 306 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (85 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Craft Cider Making by : Andrew Lea

Download or read book Craft Cider Making written by Andrew Lea and published by Crowood. This book was released on 2015-08-31 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition of the best-selling Craft Cider Making is fully revised and updated. Packed with essential advice and information, it gives step-by-step instruction for small scale cider making. It retains the best of traditional practice but also draws on modern understanding of orcharding and fermentation science. Written by an award-winning cider maker, it guides beginners into the rewarding world of cider making and helps those with more experience expand their skills to enjoy the craft more fully. Includes a guide to cider apples, as well as advice on growing and caring for them. Packed with essential advice and information and step-by-step instruction for small scale cider making.

Tasting Cider

Download Tasting Cider PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Storey Publishing, LLC
ISBN 13 : 1612128386
Total Pages : 289 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (121 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Tasting Cider by : Erin James

Download or read book Tasting Cider written by Erin James and published by Storey Publishing, LLC. This book was released on 2017-07-25 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This complete guide to North America’s oldest beverage celebrates hard cider’s rich history and its modern makers, as well as its deliciously diverse possibilities. Flavor profiles and tasting guidelines highlight 100 selections of cider — including single varietal, dessert, hopped, and barrel-aged — plus perry, cider’s pear-based cousin. A perfect addition to any meal, cider pairings are featured in 30 food recipes, from Brussels sprouts salad to salmon chowder, brined quail, and poached pear frangipane. An additional 30 cocktail recipes include creative combinations such as Maple Basil Ciderita and Pear-fect Rye Fizz.

American Cider

Download American Cider PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Ballantine Books
ISBN 13 : 1984820907
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (848 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis American Cider by : Dan Pucci

Download or read book American Cider written by Dan Pucci and published by Ballantine Books. This book was released on 2021-03-02 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Not just a thorough guide to the history of apples and cider in this country but also an inspiring survey of the orchardists and cidermakers devoting their lives to sustainable agriculture through apples.”—Alice Waters “Pucci and Cavallo are thorough and enthusiastic chroniclers, who celebrate cider’s pomologists and pioneers with infectious curiosity and passion.”—Bianca Bosker, New York Times bestselling author of Cork Dork Cider today runs the gamut from sweet to dry, smooth to funky, made from apples and sometimes joined by other fruits—and even hopped like beer. In American Cider, aficionados Dan Pucci and Craig Cavallo give a new wave of consumers the tools to taste, talk about, and choose their ciders, along with stories of the many local heroes saving apple culture and producing new varieties. Like wine made from well-known grapes, ciders differ based on the apples they’re made from and where and how those apples were grown. Combining the tasting tools of wine and beer, the authors illuminate the possibilities of this light, flavorful, naturally gluten-free beverage. And cider is more than just its taste—it’s also historic, as the nation’s first popular alcoholic beverage, made from apples brought across the Atlantic from England. Pucci and Cavallo use a region-by-region approach to illustrate how cider and the apples that make it came to be, from the well-known tale of Johnny Appleseed—which isn’t quite what we thought—to the more surprising effects of industrial development and government policies that benefited white men. American Cider is a guide to enjoying cider, but even more so, it is a guide to being part of a community of consumers, farmers, and fermenters making the nation’s oldest beverage its newest must-try drink.

The Big Book of Cidermaking

Download The Big Book of Cidermaking PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Storey Publishing, LLC
ISBN 13 : 1635861136
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (358 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Big Book of Cidermaking by : Christopher Shockey

Download or read book The Big Book of Cidermaking written by Christopher Shockey and published by Storey Publishing, LLC. This book was released on 2020-09-01 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Best-selling authors and acclaimed fermentation teachers Christopher Shockey and Kirsten K. Shockey turn their expertise to the world of fermented beverages in the most comprehensive guide to home cidermaking available. With expert advice and clear, step-by-step instructions, The Big Book of Cidermaking equips readers with the skills they need to make the cider they want: sweet, dry, fruity, farmhouse-style, hopped, barrel-aged, or fortified. The Shockeys’ years of experience cultivating an orchard and their experiments in producing their own ciders have led them to a master formula for cidermaking success, whether starting with apples fresh from the tree or working with store-bought juice. They explore in-depth the different phases of fermentation and the entire spectrum of complex flavor and style possibilities, with cider recipes ranging from cornelian cherry to ginger, and styles including New England, Spanish, and late-season ciders. For those invested in making use of every part of the apple, there’s even a recipe for vinegar made from the skins and cores leftover after pressing. This thorough, thoughtful handbook is an empowering guide for every cidermaker, from the beginner seeking foundational techniques and tips to the intermediate cider crafter who wants to expand their skills.

The Cider Insider

Download The Cider Insider PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Hardie Grant Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1787133095
Total Pages : 449 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (871 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Cider Insider by : Susanna Forbes

Download or read book The Cider Insider written by Susanna Forbes and published by Hardie Grant Publishing. This book was released on 2018-10-18 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “The perfect guide you need to find out about the apple, the orchard, the maker and blender – in short, CIDER.” – Tom Oliver, Oliver’s Cider & Perry, Herefordshire "Susanna's passion for cider has taken her from the heartlands of the old cider world to newer frontiers of it. Her straightforward common-sense approach combined with her love for the cider world means she has put together a neat little book full of the best bits of it to share. Well done!" – Bill Bradshaw, co-author of World's Best Cider "Susanna Forbes is one of the most knowledgeable and committed ambassadors for cider, both near and far, at the table, in the glass and in the orchard. Her passion is present in every page of The Cider Insider." Ryan Burk, head cider maker at Angry Orchard, board of directors, US Association of Cider Makers Cider is enjoying a resurgence! A wave of new generation producers are joining family cidermakers around the world to reinvigorate a drink that has been enjoyed throughout history by all. With a new-found respect for the orchard, the apple and the pear, today’s cidermakers are blending heritage with modern methods. In The Cider Insider, award-winning drinks writer and now, cidery owner, Susanna Forbes has hand-picked 100 of the world’s best craft ciders – and perries – that are worth seeking out and drinking now. Travel with her to each atmospheric orchard to meet the individuals that pour their souls into this glorious drink. For each entry, we hear about the region, the varieties of apples and pears in use, how each is made, find out about other ciders/perries to try, and explore how to experience the cider/cidery for ourselves. With a foreword by arguably the world’s leading cidermaker, Tom Oliver, alongside appearances from a cast of cider stars, everything you need to know about this golden nectar is right here. Meet the free-thinking French cidermakers, experience the culturally-vibrant Asturian and Basque cider scene, and hear how Australia’s cider pioneers want Tasmania to be renamed the Cider Island. While the cider leads the way, it’s the people that count for Susanna with their boundless energy and passion for the art of making cider and for preserving the land.

The Castled Complete Collection

Download The Castled Complete Collection PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Three Jays Press LLC
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 341 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Castled Complete Collection by : Gina Robinson

Download or read book The Castled Complete Collection written by Gina Robinson and published by Three Jays Press LLC. This book was released on 2023-04-27 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the complete Castled story, all three books: Castled Prologue, Castled, and Castled Forever. No cliffhangers! Just plenty of romance, and ✔a hot, swoony, adorable, and mysterious hero with American, Canadian, and British citizenship (who's just inherited an English dukedom, of course.) ✔a strong heroine who gradually falls for the guy who’s been her best friend since preschool, but at what cost? ✔secrets, a knight of shining armor, and a haunted castle ✔wit and humor ✔and a boatload of mystery and suspense! If any of this sounds good to you, you’ll love this friends-to-lovers, marriage of convenience, contemporary romance with a thrilling suspense twist. Get ready to fall hard for Noah, the new Duke of Hardison. Grace As the car pulls through the gatehouse and our English castle comes into view, I gasp. The castle is stunning, gothic, and haunting. Totally foreign to me. I’m just a middle-class American woman from the west coast. Nothing we have at home is half as old as Noah’s new castle. My life is definitely not going to plan. I agreed to marry Noah so he could claim his inheritance as Duke of Hardison and keep the title from going extinct. It seemed like a lark – imagine me, the queen of casual, as a duchess, even temporarily. After all, this is a marriage of convenience. Neither of us really expect it to last… But here’s the really crazy part, from the moment we set foot in the castle, someone wants me dead. And as the attempts on my life become more and more threatening and serious, I can’t trust anyone. Not even Noah…

The Cider Revival

Download The Cider Revival PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Abrams
ISBN 13 : 1683356861
Total Pages : 167 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (833 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Cider Revival by : Jason Wilson

Download or read book The Cider Revival written by Jason Wilson and published by Abrams. This book was released on 2019-09-03 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “From unraveling the history of the apple to exploring the intricacies of flavor, [Wilson] reveals the love and labor that goes into a timeless beverage.” —Bianca Bosker, New York Times–bestselling author of Cork Dork Cider is the quintessential American beverage. Drank by early settlers and founding fathers, it was ubiquitous and pervasive, but following Prohibition when orchards were destroyed and neglected, cider all but disappeared. In The Cider Revival, Jason Wilson chronicles what is happening now, an extraordinary rebirth that is less than a decade old. Following the seasons through the autumn harvest, winter fermentation, spring bottling, and summer festival and orchard work, Wilson travels around New York and New England, with forays to the Midwest, the West Coast, and Europe. He meets the new heroes of cider: orchardists who are rediscovering long lost apple varieties, cider makers who have the attention to craftsmanship of natural wine makers, and beverage professionals who see cider as poised to explode in popularity. What emerges is a deeply rewarding story, an exploration of cider’s identity and future, and its cultural and environmental significance. A blend of history and travelogue, The Cider Revival is a toast to a complex drink. “Cider is America’s great forgotten beverage. Jason Wilson’s lively, anecdote-filled, passionate paean to what he says should properly be considered ‘apple win’ will go a long way toward giving this immensely varied and complex libation the recognition and appreciation it deserves.” —Colman Andrews, cofounder of Saveur and author of The British Table

The Beer Bible

Download The Beer Bible PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Workman Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0761184287
Total Pages : 657 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (611 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Beer Bible by : Jeff Alworth

Download or read book The Beer Bible written by Jeff Alworth and published by Workman Publishing. This book was released on 2015-08-11 with total page 657 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “The only book you need to understand the world’s most popular beverage. I swear on a stack of these, it’s a thumping good read.”––John Holl, editor of All About Beer Magazine and author of The American Craft Beer Cookbook Imagine sitting in your favorite pub with a friend who happens to be a world-class expert on beer. That’s this book. It covers the history: how we got from gruel-beer to black IPA in 10,000 years. The alchemy: malts, grains, and the miracle of hops. The variety: dozens of styles and hundreds of recommended brews (including suggestions based on your taste preferences), divided into four sections––Ales, Wheat Beers, Lagers, and Tart and Wild Ales––and all described in mouthwatering detail. The curiosity: how to read a Belgian label; the talk of two Budweisers; porter, the first superstyle; and what, exactly, a lager is. The pleasure. Because you don’t merely taste beer, you experience it. Winner of a 2016 IACP Award “Covers a lot of ground, from beer styles and brewing methods to drinking culture past and present. There’s something for beer novices and beer geeks alike.”––Ken Grossman, founder, Sierra Nevada Brewing Co. “Erudite, encyclopedic, and enormously entertaining aren’t words you normally associate with beer, but The Beer Bible is no ordinary beer book. As scinitillating, diverse, and refreshing as man’s oldest alcoholic beverage itself.”––Steve Raichlen, author of Project Smoke and How to Grill

The New Cider Maker's Handbook

Download The New Cider Maker's Handbook PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Chelsea Green Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1603584730
Total Pages : 355 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (35 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The New Cider Maker's Handbook by : Claude Jolicoeur

Download or read book The New Cider Maker's Handbook written by Claude Jolicoeur and published by Chelsea Green Publishing. This book was released on 2013 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Combines the best of traditional knowledge and techniques with up-to-date, scientifically based practices to provide today's cider makers with all the tools they need to produce high-quality ciders"--Page 4 of cover.

Mastering Homebrew

Download Mastering Homebrew PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Chronicle Books
ISBN 13 : 1452124418
Total Pages : 387 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (521 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Mastering Homebrew by : Randy Mosher

Download or read book Mastering Homebrew written by Randy Mosher and published by Chronicle Books. This book was released on 2015-02-10 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An accessible guide to making your own beer, for beginning & advanced brewers, with thirty recipes and tips for choosing ingredients, equipment, and more. Mastering Homebrew will have you thinking like a scientist, brewing like an artist, and enjoying your very own unbelievably great handcrafted beer in record time. Internationally known brewing instructor, beer competition judge, author, and brew master himself, Randy Mosher covers everything that beginning to advanced brewers want to know, all in this easy-to-follow, fun-to-read handbook, including: · The anatomy of a beer · Brewing with both halves of your brain · Gear and the brewing process · Care and feeding of yeast · Hops (the spice of beer) · Brewing your first beer · Beer styles and beyond · The Amazing Shape-Shifting Beer Recipe · And more “Randy is a walking encyclopedia of beer and brewing, and his palate and taste are impeccable.” —from the foreword by Jim Koch, chairman and cofounder, the Boston Beer Company

Brussels Beer City

Download Brussels Beer City PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 112 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (66 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Brussels Beer City by : Eoghan Walsh

Download or read book Brussels Beer City written by Eoghan Walsh and published by . This book was released on 2020-08-31 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book shows that there are few stories as remarkable as the complicated love affair Brussels has with beer." - Jonny Garrett, Co-Founder of The Craft Beer Channel, Beer Writer of the Year 2019From the brewery that once employed Congolese freedom fighter Patrice Lumumba, to the race against time to rescue Brussels' rich industrial heritage from the maws of rapacious developers, and the see-sawing fortunes of the city's artisan brewers, Brussels brewing has had a tumultuous past. The city is rightly famed around the world for its vitally important lambic brewing traditions, but there is a history of Brussels brewing brewing that goes so much further and deeper than that. And more than that, the history of beer in Brussels is the history of modern Brussels itself - from a regional backwater to an industrial powerhouse, to the hubris of post-war de-industrialisation and the subsequent revival of local brewing at the end of the 20th century, Brussels and its brewers have seen it all.This collection, bringing together work by Eoghan Walsh on his award-winning blog Brussels Beer City and for Belgian Beer and Food Magazine, brings to life the family dynasties, the brewers, and the activists that sought to keep this invaluable legacy alive into the 21st century. Santeï!"Part picaresque dig into the archives, part elegy for the city's lost breweries, part celebration of Brussels' ineffable spirit, this lucidly written and deeply researched Brussels brewing history is a delight at every turn. Walsh shares key anecdotes from centuries past, draws surprising comparisons, and makes some compelling prognostications for what's next for the city's brewers and beer lovers. This necessary work is a must for anyone who appreciates Belgian beer." - Claire Bullen, Editor, Good Beer Hunting""Fascinating, enjoyable, packed with anecdotes and stories about people and beer (and, er, football skullduggery), this gives the reader an insider's guide to Brussels' beer and brewing history and evokes a sense of nostalgia without being sickly or fussy. Read with a pint or two of Zinnebir to hand And then pour another." - Adrian Tierney-Jones

From Apple Trees to Cider, Please!

Download From Apple Trees to Cider, Please! PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Weigl Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1791107230
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (911 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis From Apple Trees to Cider, Please! by : Felicia Sanzari Chernesky

Download or read book From Apple Trees to Cider, Please! written by Felicia Sanzari Chernesky and published by Weigl Publishers. This book was released on 2019-08-01 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From Apple Trees to Cider, Please! is a realistic account of how apple cider is pressed, flavored with the charm and vigor of a harvest celebration.

Prosecco Made Me Do It: 60 Seriously Sparkling Cocktails

Download Prosecco Made Me Do It: 60 Seriously Sparkling Cocktails PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : HarperCollins
ISBN 13 : 0008279608
Total Pages : 149 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (82 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Prosecco Made Me Do It: 60 Seriously Sparkling Cocktails by : Amy Zavatto

Download or read book Prosecco Made Me Do It: 60 Seriously Sparkling Cocktails written by Amy Zavatto and published by HarperCollins. This book was released on 2017-10-05 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Do your ears perk up when you hear the telltale pop of a prosecco bottle? Do you think every drink is just a little bit nicer with bubbles? Prosecco is no longer just a sparkling wine, it’s a cultural phenomenon, a party in a glass.

The Comic Book Story of Beer

Download The Comic Book Story of Beer PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Ten Speed Graphic
ISBN 13 : 1607746352
Total Pages : 181 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (77 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Comic Book Story of Beer by : Jonathan Hennessey

Download or read book The Comic Book Story of Beer written by Jonathan Hennessey and published by Ten Speed Graphic. This book was released on 2015-09-22 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A New York Times Best Seller A full-color, lushly illustrated graphic novel that recounts the many-layered past and present of beer through dynamic pairings of pictures and meticulously researched insight into the history of the world's favorite brew. The History of Beer Comes to Life! We drink it. We love it. But how much do we really know about beer? Starting from around 7000 BC, beer has emerged as a major element driving humankind’s development, a role it has continued to play through today’s craft brewing explosion. With The Comic Book Story of Beer, the first-ever nonfiction graphic novel focused on this most favored beverage, you can follow along from the very beginning, as authors Jonathan Hennessey and Mike Smith team up with illustrator Aaron McConnell to present the key figures, events, and, yes, beers that shaped and frequently made history. No boring, old historical text here, McConnell’s versatile art style—moving from period-accurate renderings to cartoony diagrams to historical caricatures and back—finds an equal and effective partner in the pithy, informative text of Hennessey and Smith presented in captions and word balloons on each page. The end result is a filling mixture of words and pictures sure to please the beer aficionado and comics geek alike.

Old Southern Apples

Download Old Southern Apples PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Chelsea Green Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1603583122
Total Pages : 386 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (35 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Old Southern Apples by : Creighton Lee Calhoun

Download or read book Old Southern Apples written by Creighton Lee Calhoun and published by Chelsea Green Publishing. This book was released on 2011-01-20 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A book that became an instant classic when it first appeared in 1995, Old Southern Apples is an indispensable reference for fruit lovers everywhere, especially those who live in the southern United States. Out of print for several years, this newly revised and expanded edition now features descriptions of some 1,800 apple varieties that either originated in the South or were widely grown there before 1928. Author Lee Calhoun was one of the foremost figures in apple conservation in America. This masterwork reflects his knowledge and personal experience over more than thirty years, as he sought out and grew hundreds of classic apples, including both legendary varieties (like Nickajack and Magnum Bonum) and little-known ones (like Buff and Cullasaga). Representing our common orchard heritage, many of these apples are today at risk of disappearing from our national table. Illustrated with more than 120 color images of classic apples from the National Agricultural Library’s collection of watercolor paintings, Old Southern Apples is a fascinating and beautiful reference and gift book. In addition to A-to-Z descriptions of apple varieties, both extant and extinct, Calhoun provides a brief history of apple culture in the South, and includes practical information on growing apples and on their traditional uses.