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Author : Raul Rene De la Garza Cano
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (58 download)
Download or read book A Comparison of Choice Procedures written by Raul Rene De la Garza Cano and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Fred R. Volkmar
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781461464358
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (643 download)
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders written by Fred R. Volkmar and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jennifer A. C. Bonow (Ann Castellanos)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 196 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (849 download)
Download or read book Choice and Negative Reinforcement written by Jennifer A. C. Bonow (Ann Castellanos) and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In behavior analysis, self-control is defined as selecting a large, delayed reinforcer over a small, immediate (or less delayed) reinforcer while selecting the small-immediate reinforcer is termed impulsive (Ainslie, 1974; Rachlin & Green, 1972). This definition highlights the importance of the delay to, and magnitude of, reinforcement in choice making behavior. These two variables have been studied extensively in the self-control paradigm. A distinct but theoretically related area of research, discounting, investigates the interaction between magnitude and probability of reinforcement. Even though results of discounting studies suggest that the probability of reinforcement plays a large role in choice behavior (e.g., Rachlin, Logue Gibbon, & Frankel, 1986; Rachlin, Raineri, & Cross, 1991), there has been little investigation of this factor in the self-control research. The current study aimed to investigate the effect of probabilities of reinforcement of less than 1 on the choice-making behavior of adults. The first experiment examined selections between uncertain immediate and certain delayed reinforcers and the second experiment examined selections between uncertain large and certain small magnitude reinforcers. These experiments were done using negative reinforcement (the removal of a loud white-noise) during a preferred task (watching a DVD movie), as it has been demonstrated that humans are more likely to respond impulsively in studies employing negative, rather than positive, reinforcers (e.g., MacAleese, 2009; Navarick, 1982; Solnick, Kannenberg, Eckerman, & Waller, 1980). The data show that when probability of reinforcement is held constant, adult humans prefer immediate (Experiment 1) and large magnitude (Experiment 2) reinforcers and that reducing the probability of reinforcement can induce preference shifts in humans.
Author : Marge Rogers
Publisher : Bright Friends Productions
ISBN 13 : 1943634084
Total Pages : 293 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (436 download)
Download or read book Puppy Socialization written by Marge Rogers and published by Bright Friends Productions. This book was released on 2021-06-23 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Puppy Socialization: What It Is and How to Do It defines and demystifies the most important thing you can do for your puppy: socialization. The authors don't just tell you what you need to know about socialization. They show you with dozens of photographs and exclusive linked videos (a live internet connection is needed to view the videos). You'll see other owners socialize their puppies under the guidance of a nationally certified dog trainer and behavior consultant. These real-life examples of socialization show you what to do when things go well and when they don't go so well. You’ll learn about: • The magical time. Did you know that there is a special time in a puppy's life when he is primed to accept new things? The authors tell you when that time is, when that socialization window starts closing, and how a little effort by an owner during that time can save heartache later. • Canine body language. Puppies and dogs are talking all the time—with their body language. Learn to tell when a puppy or dog is relaxed and happy, a bit nervous about something, or outright fearful. • Myth-busting. There's a lot of advice out there about socialization and not all of it is good. Some common myths can actually cause a puppy harm. The authors give you the most up-to-date information on puppy socialization and put some harmful myths to rest. • Socializing a puppy during COVID-19. Puppies have so much to get used to: people, environments, noises, and more. The authors provide strategies for keeping humans and puppies safe while socializing puppies, even during the COVID-19 pandemic. • What supplies are needed during socialization. The authors provide checklists of things owners need when socializing a puppy at home and away from home.
Author : Robert Tauber,
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781082049897
Total Pages : 95 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (498 download)
Download or read book NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT and TIME-OUT! written by Robert Tauber, and published by . This book was released on 2019-07-28 with total page 95 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In behavior modification there are only four possible consequences available to those who want to shape or modify the behavior of others - positive reinforcement, punishment, negative reinforcement and time-out. Everyone THINKS that he understands positive reinforcement and punishment. But everyone KNOWS that they do not truly understand the definition of negative reinforcement and time-out, nor when each should best be used. Hence, this book focuses on these last two consequences.Disturbingly, a simply seven-item Quiz Negative Reinforcement Quiz reveals that not 1 in 1000 takers can respond correctly! Most people incorrectly view negative reinforcement as simply a synonym for punishment. Yet, negative reinforcement is the removal of an aversive; punishment is the supplying of an aversive. Further, most people incorrectly view time-out as a form of punishment. They, too, are wrong. Punishment is the supplying of an aversive; time-out is the removal of a reward.This book will help readers better understand both negative reinforcement and time-out and, thus, be better prepared to supply each when circumstances demand it. Such an understanding will enable readers, then, to use all four, not just two, of the behavior modification consequences.All of this is accomplished in a relatively short book with many down-to-earth, as well as humorous, examples such as the Nellie Barnes' story, the mistake by Bill Murray in Ghostbusters, and the yarn about the Burner without a brain.
Author : Joseph M. Swope
Publisher : Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
ISBN 13 : 035800084X
Total Pages : 339 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (58 download)
Download or read book CliffsNotes AP Psychology Cram Plan written by Joseph M. Swope and published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. This book was released on 2020-08-18 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The perfect Advanced Placement Psychology test-prep solution for last-minute AP Psych studying! CliffsNotes AP Psychology Cram Plan calendarizes a study plan for AP Psychology test-takers depending on how much time they have left before they take the May exam. Features of this plan-to-ace-the-exam product include: • 2-month study calendar and 1-month study calendar • Diagnostic exam that helps test-takers pinpoint strengths and weaknesses • Subject reviews that include test tips and chapter-end quizzes • Full-length model practice exam with answers and explanations
Author : Reinout W. Wiers
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1040094724
Total Pages : 175 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)
Download or read book A New Approach to Addiction and Choice written by Reinout W. Wiers and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-08-08 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This engaging book provides a novel examination of the nature of addiction, suggesting that by exploring akrasia—the tendency to act against one’s better judgement—we can better understand our addictive behaviors. It offers an alternative to the dominant biomedical model of addiction as a chronic brain disease by looking at the nature of how we make decisions and proposing the idea that biased choice is central to addiction. The book looks at both classic substance use disorders and newer “addictions” to smartphones, meat and fossil fuels. It discusses current perspectives on free will in philosophy, psychology and neuroscience, and the questions surrounding free will versus determinism, including our ability to steer our behaviors guided by the promise of future outcomes. Different perspectives on addiction and choice are presented in an eloquent style, and illustrated by personal stories. Through a lively discussion of the key scientific and philosophical issues surrounding addiction, this book is valuable for students in psychology, criminology, sociology and social work, as well as health care professionals and general readers interested in the nature of our free will.
Author : B. F. Skinner
Publisher : B. F. Skinner Foundation
ISBN 13 : 0989983951
Total Pages : 794 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (899 download)
Download or read book Schedules of Reinforcement written by B. F. Skinner and published by B. F. Skinner Foundation. This book was released on 2015-05-20 with total page 794 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contingent relationship between actions and their consequences lies at the heart of Skinner’s experimental analysis of behavior. Particular patterns of behavior emerge depending upon the contingencies established. Ferster and Skinner examined the effects of different schedules of reinforcement on behavior. An extraordinary work, Schedules of Reinforcement represents over 70,000 hours of research primarily with pigeons, though the principles have now been experimentally verified with many species including human beings. At first glance, the book appears to be an atlas of schedules. And so it is, the most exhaustive in existence. But it is also a reminder of the power of describing and explaining behavior through an analysis of measurable and manipulative behavior-environment relations without appealing to physiological mechanisms in the brain. As en exemplar and source for the further study of behavioral phenomena, the book illustrates the scientific philosophy that Skinner and Ferster adopted: that a science is best built from the ground up, from a firm foundation of facts that can eventually be summarized as scientific laws.
Author : Laura C. Chezan
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1538149273
Total Pages : 469 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (381 download)
Download or read book Evidence-Based Practices for Supporting Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder written by Laura C. Chezan and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2022-08-10 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides resources for the identification, selection, implementation, and evaluation of evidence-based practices to promote positive outcomes for learners with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) across the lifespan and to enhance their quality of life. The decision-making process for identifying and selecting evidence-based practices to address the academic, behavioral, and social needs of this population of learners is discussed, followed by a systematic description of the implementation and evaluation of evidence-based practices within the context of ongoing assessment and data-based decision making. The authors present evidence-based training models for solving the common dilemmas of selecting, implementing, and evaluating evidence-based practices. Finally, the book underlines the importance of developing collaborative partnerships with families and other professionals to better address the needs of learners with autism spectrum disorder.
Author : Richard J. Herrnstein
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780674001770
Total Pages : 350 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (17 download)
Download or read book The Matching Law written by Richard J. Herrnstein and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This impressive collection features Richard Herrnstein's most important and original contributions to the social and behavioral sciences--his papers on choice behavior in animals and humans and on his discovery and elucidation of a general principle of choice called the matching law. In recent years, the most popular theory of choice behavior has been rational choice theory. Developed and elaborated by economists over the past hundred years, it claims that individuals make choices in such a way as to maximize their well-being or utility under whatever constraints they face; that is, people make the best of their situations. Rational choice theory holds undisputed sway in economics, and has become an important explanatory framework in political science, sociology, and psychology. Nevertheless, its empirical support is thin. The matching law is perhaps the most important competing explanatory account of choice behavior. It views choice not as a single event or an internal process of the organism but as a rate of observable events over time. It states that instead of maximizing utility, the organism allocates its behavior over various activities in exact proportion to the value derived from each activity. It differs subtly but significantly from rational choice theory in its predictions of how people exert self-control, for example, how they decide whether to forgo immediate pleasures for larger but delayed rewards. It provides, through the primrose path hypothesis, a powerful explanation of alcohol and narcotic addiction. It can also be used to explain biological phenomena, such as genetic selection and foraging behavior, as well as economic decision making.
Author : Robert McEntarffer
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1506269540
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (62 download)
Download or read book AP Q&A Psychology written by Robert McEntarffer and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2020-05-08 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Be prepared for exam day with Barron’s. Trusted content from AP experts! Barron’s AP Q&A Psychology features 600 questions with answer explanations designed to sharpen your critical thinking skills, provide practice for all AP question types, and maximize understanding of the concepts covered on the AP exam. Why Study with AP Q&A? Each of the 600 questions is based on a qualitative analysis of hundreds of past AP Psychology exam questions. This analysis produced six unique categories of test questions available nowhere else! All questions are keyed to the units designated in the AP Psychology course curriculum and these 6 unique categories. Answers include comprehensive explanations--you won't just learn why an answer is correct, you’ll learn why the other choices are incorrect Check out Barron’s AP Psychology Premium for even more review, full-length practice tests, and access to Barron’s Online Learning Hub for a timed test option and automated scoring.
Author : B. F. Skinner
Publisher : B. F. Skinner Foundation
ISBN 13 : 0989983935
Total Pages : 350 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (899 download)
Download or read book Contingencies of Reinforcement written by B. F. Skinner and published by B. F. Skinner Foundation. This book was released on 2014-07-01 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: B. F. Skinner titled this book, Contingencies of Reinforcement, after the heart of his science of behavior. Contingencies relate classes of actions to postcedent events and to the contexts in which those action-postcedent relations occur. The basic processes seem straightforward, but many people do not know or understand the underlying theory. Skinner believed that ‘a theory is essential to the scientific understanding of behavior as a subject matter”. This book presents some of Skinner’s most sophisticated statements about theoretical issues. To his original articles, he added notes to clarify and expand subtle points. The book thus provides an overview of Skinner’s thinking about theory and the philosophy underpinning the science he began.
Author : Daeyeol Lee
Publisher : Frontiers E-books
ISBN 13 : 2889190110
Total Pages : 125 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (891 download)
Download or read book Neurobiology of Choice written by Daeyeol Lee and published by Frontiers E-books. This book was released on 2012-01-01 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research on economic decision-making seeks to understand how subjects choose between plans of action (lotteries, gambles, prospects) that have economic consequences. The key difficulty in making such decisions is that typically no plan of action available to the decision-maker guarantees a specific outcome, rather, consequences are risky or uncertain. More recently, researchers in psychology, behavioral and computational neuroscience and psychology have started to apply these theoretical principles to studying choice behavior and its neural basis in the laboratory, for instance in electrophysiological studies of animals making choices for primary reward such as juice and neuroimaging studies of humans making choices for money. Moreover, researchers across all these fields are, in parallel, studying how decisions are guided by learning and how the computations relevant to decisions and choices are represented neurally. This emerging field of theoretically grounded decision neuroscience is now known as "neuroeconomics." With this Research Topic, we aim to solicit contributions from researchers from the fields of neurobiology, behavioral and computational neuroscience and economics which discuss the neural computations underlying decision-making and adaptive behavior.
Author : Princeton Review
Publisher : Princeton Review
ISBN 13 : 1524710490
Total Pages : 386 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (247 download)
Download or read book Cracking the AP Psychology Exam, 2018 Edition written by Princeton Review and published by Princeton Review. This book was released on 2017-10-24 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: EVERYTHING YOU NEED TO SCORE A PERFECT 5. Equip yourself to ace the AP Psychology Exam with this comprehensive study guide—including thorough content reviews, targeted strategies for every question type, access to our AP Connect online portal, and 2 full-length practice tests with complete answer explanations. This eBook edition has been optimized for on-screen learning with cross-linked questions, answers, and explanations. Written by the experts at The Princeton Review, Cracking the AP Psychology Exam arms you to take on the test with: Techniques That Actually Work. • Tried-and-true strategies to avoid traps and beat the test • Tips for pacing yourself and guessing logically • Essential tactics to help you work smarter, not harder Everything You Need to Know for a High Score. • Comprehensive content reviews for all test topics • Up-to-date information on the 2018 AP Psychology Exam • Engaging activities to help you critically assess your progress • Access to AP Connect, our online portal for helpful pre-college information and exam updates Practice Your Way to Perfection. • 2 full-length practice tests with detailed answer explanations • Practice drills at the end of each content review chapter • Detailed step-by-step explanations of sample questions to help you create your personal pacing strategy
Author : John H. Kagel
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521454883
Total Pages : 246 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (214 download)
Download or read book Economic Choice Theory written by John H. Kagel and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1995-01-27 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the authors' research program using laboratory animals to investigate individual choice theory in economics.
Author : The Princeton Review
Publisher : Princeton Review
ISBN 13 : 0593517245
Total Pages : 481 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (935 download)
Download or read book Princeton Review AP Psychology Premium Prep, 21st Edition written by The Princeton Review and published by Princeton Review. This book was released on 2023-12-12 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PREMIUM PREP FOR A PERFECT 5! Ace the AP Psychology Exam with this Premium version of the Princeton Review's comprehensive study guide. Includes 5 full-length practice tests, thorough content reviews, targeted strategies for every section of the exam, and access to online extras. Techniques That Actually Work • Tried-and-true strategies to help you avoid traps and beat the test • Tips for pacing yourself and guessing logically • Essential tactics to help you work smarter, not harder Everything You Need for a High Score • Fully aligned with the latest College Board standards for AP® Psychology • Comprehensive content review for all test topics • Access to study plans, a handy list of key terms, helpful pre-college information, and more via your online Student Tools Practice Your Way to Excellence • 5 full-length practice tests (4 in the book, 1 online) with complete answer explanations • Practice drills at the end of each content review chapter • Step-by-step explanations of sample questions to help you create your personal pacing strategy • Online study guides to strategically plan out your AP Psychology prep
Author : PRINCETON REVIEW.
Publisher : Princeton Review
ISBN 13 : 0525567828
Total Pages : 482 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (255 download)
Download or read book MCAT Workout, 2nd Edition written by PRINCETON REVIEW. and published by Princeton Review. This book was released on 2018-12-18 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Make sure you're studying with the most up-to-date prep materials! Look for The Princeton Review's MCAT Workout, Revised 3rd Edition (ISBN: 9780525570080, on-sale October 2019). Publisher's Note: Products purchased from third-party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality or authenticity, and may not include access to online tests or materials included with the original product.
