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Chlorine Stable Isotopes In Hydrothermal Systems Iceland
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Book Synopsis Chlorine Stable Isotopes in Hydrothermal Systems, Iceland by : Evelyn Füri
Download or read book Chlorine Stable Isotopes in Hydrothermal Systems, Iceland written by Evelyn Füri and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The geochemistry of chlorine isotopes by : H.G.M. Eggenkamp
Download or read book The geochemistry of chlorine isotopes written by H.G.M. Eggenkamp and published by Onderzoek en Beleving. This book was released on 2014-12-07 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The geochemistry of chlorine isotopes" describes Hans Eggenkamp's studies to obtain his PhD degree at Utrecht University. It describes methods to measure stable chlorine isotope variations in different types of natural samples, theoretical fractionation as the result of diffusion and about ten case studies showing chlorine isotope fractionation in natural systems. In these case studies it was discovered that chlorine stable isotopes fractionate only little, although systematically, in processes such as salt precipitation and diffusion. Variations found in natural samples reflect as such in most cases processes that take place within (larger) reservoirs. The main purpose of the project was to develop procedures to measure stable chlorine isotope compositions in different sample types and to study variations therein. The study gives a good overview of the knowledge on stable chlorine isotope geochemistry at the moment of its original publication in 1994.
Book Synopsis Stable Isotopes in High Temperature Geological Processes by : John W. Valley
Download or read book Stable Isotopes in High Temperature Geological Processes written by John W. Valley and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-12-17 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 16 of Reviews in Mineralogy inroduces to high-temperature stable isotope geochemistry and should provide an entry into the pertinent literature, as well as some understanding of the basic concepts and potential applications. The first three chapters focus on the theory and experimental data base for equilibrium, disequilibrium, and kinetics of stable isotope exchange reactions among geologically important minerals and fluids. The fourth chapter discusses the primordial oxygen isotope variations in the solar system prior to formation of the Earth, along with a discussion of isotopic anomalies in meteorites. The fifth chapter discusses isotopic variations in the Earth's mantle and the sixth chapter reviews the variations in the isotopic compositions of natural waters on our planet. In Chapters 7, 8, 9 and 10, these isotopic constraints and concepts are applied to various facets of the origin and evolution of igneous rocks, bringing in much material on radiogenic isotopes as well, because these problems require a multi-dimensional attack for their solution. In Chapters 11 and 12, the problems of hydrothermal alteration by meteoric waters and ocean water are considered, together with discussions of the physics and chemistry of hydrothermal systems and the 18O/16O history of ocean water. Finally, in Chapters 13 and 14, these concepts are applied to problems of metamorphic petrology and ore deposits, particularly with respect to the origins of the fluids involved in those processes.
Book Synopsis Hydrogen and Oxygen Isotope Fractionation in Hydrous Minerals as Indicators of Fluid Source in Modern and Fossil Metasomatic Environments by : Emily Catherine Pope
Download or read book Hydrogen and Oxygen Isotope Fractionation in Hydrous Minerals as Indicators of Fluid Source in Modern and Fossil Metasomatic Environments written by Emily Catherine Pope and published by Stanford University. This book was released on 2011 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oxygen and hydrogen isotope properties of hydrous silicate minerals formed by weathering, hydrothermal, metamorphic and igneous processes provide a record of fluid-rock interaction. We utilize this isotopic record to 1) determine the source of geothermal fluids in two active geothermal systems in Iceland, and to evaluate the consequences of fluid-rock interaction on host rock, fluid and magma chemistry, and 2) to better characterize Earth's surface environments during the early Archaean. Geothermal systems within the active volcanic zone of Iceland provide a unique natural laboratory for studying fluid-rock interaction in magma-hydrothermal systems where the Mid-Atlantic ridge emerges onto land. The fluids of the Reykjanes geothermal system in southwest Iceland are derived from hydrothermally modified seawater. The anomalously low hydrogen isotope composition of these fluids is not due to mixing with local meteoric fluids, as previously supposed, but to diffusional exchange with relict hydrous alteration minerals, such as epidote, which retain an isotopic signature of glacially derived Ice Age fluids that existed early in the evolution of the geothermal system. In contrast, the meteoric-water dominated Krafla geothermal system, in northeast Iceland, displays wide isotopic heterogeneities in modern geothermal fluids and hydrothermal epidote that reflects a complex fluid evolution involving boiling, condensation and contamination by magmatic volatiles. A silicic melt that intruded the Iceland Deep Drilling Project drillhole IDDP-1 within the Krafla geothermal system appears to be largely derived from partial melting of hydrothermal alteration minerals, given the almost identical hydrogen isotope composition of glass sampled from drill cuttings and hydrothermal epidote. The oxygen isotope values of the rhyolite glass show the characteristically low-[lowercase Delta]18O values typical of Icelandic lavas, and result from mixing of a dominant mantle-derived basalt source and a lesser contribution of lighter oxygen from the incongruent melting of hydrothermally altered basalts within the Krafla caldera. The oxygen and hydrogen isotope characteristics of metamorphic fluids recorded in alteration minerals have applications to fossil metasomatic systems as well as modern ones. Serpentinites from the [greater than or equal to] 3.8 Ga Isua Supracrustal Belt (ISB) of West Greenland locally preserve isotope characteristics of their original formation by seawater alteration of ocean crust and suggest that the early Archaean oceans had oxygen isotopes comparable to modern day seawater, but a hydrogen isotope composition that is lower than modern seawater by 25 ± 5%. The hydrogen isotopes of Archaean oceans places mass balance constraints on the extent of hydrogen escape before the rise of atmospheric oxygen ~2.5 Ga, and by extension the maximum atmospheric methane levels during the early Archaean. The oxygen isotope composition predicted by these serpentinites suggests that the ocean was isotopically buffered by hydrothermal interaction with ocean crust by 3.8 Ga. Finally, chromian muscovite-quartz-carbonate veins in the ISB have oxygen and hydrogen stable isotope, elemental and mineralogical characteristics that are genetically similar to orogenic gold deposits in the fore-arc regions of Phanerozoic accretionary margins. We show that in both modern orogens and in the supracrustal sequence at Isua, these veins are the result of seawater-derived fluids liberated from subducting lithosphere interacting with ultramafic rocks in the mantle wedge and lower crust, before migrating up crustal-scale vertical fracture zones. The presence of these veins in the ISB and other Archaean-age deposits indicates that plate tectonic processes comparable to modern-day subduction existed as early as 3.8 Ga.
Book Synopsis Fractionation of Boron Isotopes in Icelandic Hydrothermal Systems by :
Download or read book Fractionation of Boron Isotopes in Icelandic Hydrothermal Systems written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Boron isotope ratios have been determined in a variety of different geothermal waters from hydrothermal systems across Iceland. Isotope ratios from the high temperature meteoric water recharged systems reflect the isotope ratio of the host rocks without any apparent fractionation. Seawater recharged geothermal systems exhibit more positive [delta]11B values than the meteoric water recharged geothermal systems. Water/rock ratios can be assessed from boron isotope ratios in the saline hydrothermal systems. Low temperature hydrothermal systems also exhibit more positive [delta]11B than the high temperature systems, indicating fractionation of boron due to adsorption of the lighter isotope onto secondary minerals. Fractionation of boron in carbonate deposits may indicate the level of equilibrium attained within the systems.
Author :Pier Anne de Groot Publisher :Faculteit Aardwetenschappen Der Rijksuniversiteit Te Utrecht ISBN 13 : Total Pages :216 pages Book Rating :4.F/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Stable Isotope (C, O, H) Major- and Trace Element Studies on Hydrothermal Alteration and Related Ore Mineralization in the Volcano-sedimentary Belt of Bergslagen, Sweden by : Pier Anne de Groot
Download or read book Stable Isotope (C, O, H) Major- and Trace Element Studies on Hydrothermal Alteration and Related Ore Mineralization in the Volcano-sedimentary Belt of Bergslagen, Sweden written by Pier Anne de Groot and published by Faculteit Aardwetenschappen Der Rijksuniversiteit Te Utrecht. This book was released on 1993 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Mobility of Trace Elements and Boron Isotopes in Icelandic Hydrothermal Systems by : Jugdeep K. Aggarwal
Download or read book The Mobility of Trace Elements and Boron Isotopes in Icelandic Hydrothermal Systems written by Jugdeep K. Aggarwal and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Geochemistry of Stable Chlorine and Bromine Isotopes by : Hans Eggenkamp
Download or read book The Geochemistry of Stable Chlorine and Bromine Isotopes written by Hans Eggenkamp and published by Springer. This book was released on 2024-12-19 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Treatise on Geochemistry written by and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-10-19 with total page 14787 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This extensively updated new edition of the widely acclaimed Treatise on Geochemistry has increased its coverage beyond the wide range of geochemical subject areas in the first edition, with five new volumes which include: the history of the atmosphere, geochemistry of mineral deposits, archaeology and anthropology, organic geochemistry and analytical geochemistry. In addition, the original Volume 1 on "Meteorites, Comets, and Planets" was expanded into two separate volumes dealing with meteorites and planets, respectively. These additions increased the number of volumes in the Treatise from 9 to 15 with the index/appendices volume remaining as the last volume (Volume 16). Each of the original volumes was scrutinized by the appropriate volume editors, with respect to necessary revisions as well as additions and deletions. As a result, 27% were republished without major changes, 66% were revised and 126 new chapters were added. In a many-faceted field such as Geochemistry, explaining and understanding how one sub-field relates to another is key. Instructors will find the complete overviews with extensive cross-referencing useful additions to their course packs and students will benefit from the contextual organization of the subject matter Six new volumes added and 66% updated from 1st edition. The Editors of this work have taken every measure to include the many suggestions received from readers and ensure comprehensiveness of coverage and added value in this 2nd edition The esteemed Board of Volume Editors and Editors-in-Chief worked cohesively to ensure a uniform and consistent approach to the content, which is an amazing accomplishment for a 15-volume work (16 volumes including index volume)!
Book Synopsis Oceanic Borehole Fluid Chemistry and Analysis of Chlorine Stable Isotopes in Silicate Rocks by : Andrew J. Magenheim
Download or read book Oceanic Borehole Fluid Chemistry and Analysis of Chlorine Stable Isotopes in Silicate Rocks written by Andrew J. Magenheim and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Stable Isotopes and Fluid Inclusions in Hydrothermal Deposits by : Karel Žák
Download or read book Stable Isotopes and Fluid Inclusions in Hydrothermal Deposits written by Karel Žák and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Water-Rock Interaction, Two Volume Set by : Richard B. Wanty
Download or read book Water-Rock Interaction, Two Volume Set written by Richard B. Wanty and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-09-02 with total page 1711 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The interaction of the lithosphere and hydrosphere sets the boundary conditions for life, as water and the nutrients extracted from rocks are essential to all known life-forms. Water-rock interaction also affects the fate and transport of pollutants, mediates the long-term cycling of fluids and metals in the earth's crust, impacts the migration and
Book Synopsis Stable Isotope Studies of Some Active Hydrothermal Systems by : Steven J. Lambert
Download or read book Stable Isotope Studies of Some Active Hydrothermal Systems written by Steven J. Lambert and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 792 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Hydrogen and Oxygen Isotope Fractionation in Hydrous Minerals as Indicators of Fluid Source in Modern and Fossil Metasomatic Environments by : Emily Catherine Pope
Download or read book Hydrogen and Oxygen Isotope Fractionation in Hydrous Minerals as Indicators of Fluid Source in Modern and Fossil Metasomatic Environments written by Emily Catherine Pope and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oxygen and hydrogen isotope properties of hydrous silicate minerals formed by weathering, hydrothermal, metamorphic and igneous processes provide a record of fluid-rock interaction. We utilize this isotopic record to 1) determine the source of geothermal fluids in two active geothermal systems in Iceland, and to evaluate the consequences of fluid-rock interaction on host rock, fluid and magma chemistry, and 2) to better characterize Earth's surface environments during the early Archaean. Geothermal systems within the active volcanic zone of Iceland provide a unique natural laboratory for studying fluid-rock interaction in magma-hydrothermal systems where the Mid-Atlantic ridge emerges onto land. The fluids of the Reykjanes geothermal system in southwest Iceland are derived from hydrothermally modified seawater. The anomalously low hydrogen isotope composition of these fluids is not due to mixing with local meteoric fluids, as previously supposed, but to diffusional exchange with relict hydrous alteration minerals, such as epidote, which retain an isotopic signature of glacially derived Ice Age fluids that existed early in the evolution of the geothermal system. In contrast, the meteoric-water dominated Krafla geothermal system, in northeast Iceland, displays wide isotopic heterogeneities in modern geothermal fluids and hydrothermal epidote that reflects a complex fluid evolution involving boiling, condensation and contamination by magmatic volatiles. A silicic melt that intruded the Iceland Deep Drilling Project drillhole IDDP-1 within the Krafla geothermal system appears to be largely derived from partial melting of hydrothermal alteration minerals, given the almost identical hydrogen isotope composition of glass sampled from drill cuttings and hydrothermal epidote. The oxygen isotope values of the rhyolite glass show the characteristically low-[lowercase Delta]18O values typical of Icelandic lavas, and result from mixing of a dominant mantle-derived basalt source and a lesser contribution of lighter oxygen from the incongruent melting of hydrothermally altered basalts within the Krafla caldera. The oxygen and hydrogen isotope characteristics of metamorphic fluids recorded in alteration minerals have applications to fossil metasomatic systems as well as modern ones. Serpentinites from the [greater than or equal to] 3.8 Ga Isua Supracrustal Belt (ISB) of West Greenland locally preserve isotope characteristics of their original formation by seawater alteration of ocean crust and suggest that the early Archaean oceans had oxygen isotopes comparable to modern day seawater, but a hydrogen isotope composition that is lower than modern seawater by 25 ± 5%. The hydrogen isotopes of Archaean oceans places mass balance constraints on the extent of hydrogen escape before the rise of atmospheric oxygen ~2.5 Ga, and by extension the maximum atmospheric methane levels during the early Archaean. The oxygen isotope composition predicted by these serpentinites suggests that the ocean was isotopically buffered by hydrothermal interaction with ocean crust by 3.8 Ga. Finally, chromian muscovite-quartz-carbonate veins in the ISB have oxygen and hydrogen stable isotope, elemental and mineralogical characteristics that are genetically similar to orogenic gold deposits in the fore-arc regions of Phanerozoic accretionary margins. We show that in both modern orogens and in the supracrustal sequence at Isua, these veins are the result of seawater-derived fluids liberated from subducting lithosphere interacting with ultramafic rocks in the mantle wedge and lower crust, before migrating up crustal-scale vertical fracture zones. The presence of these veins in the ISB and other Archaean-age deposits indicates that plate tectonic processes comparable to modern-day subduction existed as early as 3.8 Ga.
Book Synopsis Delta 37 C1 by : Hermanus Gerardus Maria Eggenkamp
Download or read book Delta 37 C1 written by Hermanus Gerardus Maria Eggenkamp and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Stable Chlorine Isotope Variations in the Atmosphere by : Christopher Michael Volpe
Download or read book Stable Chlorine Isotope Variations in the Atmosphere written by Christopher Michael Volpe and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Stable Isotope Analyses from the Krafla and Namafjall Geothermal Systems in Iceland by : W. G. Darling
Download or read book Stable Isotope Analyses from the Krafla and Namafjall Geothermal Systems in Iceland written by W. G. Darling and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: