Chinese Complaint Systems

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Chinese Complaint Systems

Author : Qiang Fang
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135088578
Total Pages : 251 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Chinese Complaint Systems by : Qiang Fang

Download or read book Chinese Complaint Systems written by Qiang Fang and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-01-25 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Complaint systems have existed in China for many years, and in 2004, a debate took place in the People’s Republic of China (PRC) over the Letters and Visits System (xinfang zhidu), which was designed to allow people to register complaints with the upper levels of the government. However, both parties generally overlooked several different complaint systems that had preceded the Letters and Visits System during China’s history. Indeed, despite the rich heritage of numerous complaint systems throughout China’s past, most studies of complaint systems in China have paid little attention to the origins, development, practices, impact, and nature of similar institutions in the longue durée of Chinese history. Presenting a comprehensive study of complaint systems in Chinese history from early times to the present, this important book fills the gap in existing literature on complaint systems in China. Drawing on primary sources, Qiang Fang analyses the significance of continuities and changes in historical complaint systems for contemporary China, where the state continues to be nominally strong, but actually fragile. Unlike other major theories of popular resistance to the state in China, such as ‘everyday resistance’, ‘rightful resistance’ and resistance ‘as legal rights’, this book develops the theory that behind Chinese complaint systems, there was a mentality of ‘natural resistance’ that has been deeply embedded in Chinese culture, political philosophy, and folk religion for millennia. Given this history, Fang concludes that it is likely that some form of complaint system will continue to exist, and by helping to mitigate the increasing demands of the Chinese state on the Chinese, will serve to strengthen the state. An essential contribution understanding the strengths, weaknesses, and various roles of the Letters and Visits System in contemporary China, as well as the systems that have preceded it throughout China’s long history, this book will be of huge interest to students and scholars of Chinese history, politics and law.

A Hot Potato

Author : Qiang Fang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 390 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (774 download)

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Book Synopsis A Hot Potato by : Qiang Fang

Download or read book A Hot Potato written by Qiang Fang and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The dissertation analyzes what we may call the Chinese complaint systems. In the People's Republic of China today, the systems usually go under the name of shangfang (literally "going up to visit"). Since the 1990s, these systems have been a hot topic in the Chinese public media and discussion. In the early twentieth century, there was a national debate on whether to preserve the Mail and Visit system in the PRC. But most scholarship focuses mainly on the systems in contemporary China and pays little attention to complaint systems in earlier periods of Chinese history. But, only after we know the development and role of the complaint systems in Chinese history can we better solve the debate and problems in the current PRC complaint systems. Through a comprehensive historical study, I find that the Chinese complaint systems started informally in the Zhou period (about 1029-256BCE). From the Jin (265-420CE) and especially from the Tang (618-907), several complaint systems gradually became a part of the formal judicial system. In the 20 th century, as a clear distinction between criminal and civil law appeared, various complaint systems developed more or less independently of the rest of the judicial system. In the early PRC, such a distinction between judicial and complaint system blurred. More recently, as part of the effort to enhance the rule of law, the complaint systems have become more distinct from the rest of judicial system. While this is to some extent a return to the Republican period, it is not a complete return and there are echoes of how the systems worked in earlier periods.

Chinese Complaint Systems

Author : Qiang Fang
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0415811813
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (158 download)

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Book Synopsis Chinese Complaint Systems by : Qiang Fang

Download or read book Chinese Complaint Systems written by Qiang Fang and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the rich heritage of numerous complaint systems in Chinese history, most Western as well as Chinese studies of one or more complaint systems in the PRC and earlier periods have paid little systematic attention to the origins, development, practices, impact, and nature of similar institutions in the longue durée of Chinese history. This book fills this gap, providing the reader with a comprehensive study of complaint systems in Chinese history from early times to the present. As such it will be of huge interest to students and scholars of Chinese history, politics and law.

China's Citizen Complaint System

Author : United States. Congressional-Executive Commission on China
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 48 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis China's Citizen Complaint System by : United States. Congressional-Executive Commission on China

Download or read book China's Citizen Complaint System written by United States. Congressional-Executive Commission on China and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Access to Justice for the Chinese Consumer

Author : Ling Zhou
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1509931066
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (99 download)

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Book Synopsis Access to Justice for the Chinese Consumer by : Ling Zhou

Download or read book Access to Justice for the Chinese Consumer written by Ling Zhou and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2020-05-14 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a socio-legal exploration of localised consumer complaint processing and dispute resolution in the People's Republic of China – now the second largest consumer market in the world – and the experiences of both ordinary and 'professional' consumers. Drawing on detailed analysis of an impressive body of empirical data, this book highlights local Chinese understandings and practice styles of 'mediation', and identifies in popular consciousness a continuing sense of reliance on the government for securing consumer rights in China. These are not only important features of consumer dispute processing in themselves, but also help to to explain why no ombudsman system has emerged. This innovative book looks at the nature of China's distinctive dispute resolution and complaints system, issues within that system, and the experiences of consumers within it. The book illustrates the access to justice processes locally available to aggrieved consumers and provides a unique contribution to comparative consumer law studies in Asia and elsewhere.

China's Citizen Complaint System

Author : United States. Congressional-Executive Commission on China
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 43 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis China's Citizen Complaint System by : United States. Congressional-Executive Commission on China

Download or read book China's Citizen Complaint System written by United States. Congressional-Executive Commission on China and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Citizen and the Chinese State

Author : Perry Keller
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 135189272X
Total Pages : 375 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (518 download)

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Book Synopsis The Citizen and the Chinese State by : Perry Keller

Download or read book The Citizen and the Chinese State written by Perry Keller and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-03-02 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume addresses several core questions regarding the nature of law in China and its future development. In particular, these articles shed light on whether the rule of law ideal is commensurable with government based on the Chinese Communist Party. Beginning virtually from scratch, China has established a comprehensive legal system that boasts a constitution, primary and secondary legislation and plentiful regulations covering most areas of public and private life. Yet, as these articles discuss, its courts are enmeshed in Party and state hierarchies and are not empowered to directly apply constitutional principles or rights, ensuring that the law is subordinate to national public policy goals. Legal and extra-legal methods for punishing wrongdoing and resolving disputes also raise questions of due process of law. Ultimately, the question is therefore whether China's legal system, if eschewing formalised human rights, is developing a capacity to protect fundamental human dignity.

China's Citizen Complaint System :.

Author : United States. Congressional-Executive Commission on China
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (123 download)

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Book Synopsis China's Citizen Complaint System :. by : United States. Congressional-Executive Commission on China

Download or read book China's Citizen Complaint System :. written by United States. Congressional-Executive Commission on China and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

China's Citizen Complaint System: Prospects for Accountability ... Roundtable ... Congressional-executive Commission on China ... 111th Congress, 1st Session

Download China's Citizen Complaint System: Prospects for Accountability ... Roundtable ... Congressional-executive Commission on China ... 111th Congress, 1st Session PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (725 download)

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Book Synopsis China's Citizen Complaint System: Prospects for Accountability ... Roundtable ... Congressional-executive Commission on China ... 111th Congress, 1st Session by :

Download or read book China's Citizen Complaint System: Prospects for Accountability ... Roundtable ... Congressional-executive Commission on China ... 111th Congress, 1st Session written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Handling of Unyielding Complaints in China

Author : Xiaowei Gui
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811959242
Total Pages : 206 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (119 download)

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Book Synopsis Handling of Unyielding Complaints in China by : Xiaowei Gui

Download or read book Handling of Unyielding Complaints in China written by Xiaowei Gui and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-09-28 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a framework of protest handling which redirects our attention away from the strength of protesters and towards the constraints of state power, drawing on detailed case studies randomly collected in 7 provinces in China over the last decade. It finds that the challenges of retaining legitimacy, the propensity for responsiveness, the contradictions of the petition system, and the dynamics of elite alignments are key elements shaping the fate of nail-like petitions. A nail-like person refers to the individual who looks like a stubborn nail on a plank of wood that cannot be easily hammered down. His persistent protest thus is theoretically puzzling, since such individual-based protest is assumed to be too weak to effectively challenge a powerful authoritarian regime. Although this phenomenon is widely observed in China, it is ignored by current studies on collective action. Meanwhile, this book delves into the life politics of nail-like persons and reveals that their escalation of grievance, marginalized social status, inability of pursuing desirable lives through legitimate means, and communication with fellow petitioners also reinforce their determination of contention. This book describes deeply the fate of individual-based protests in China. It scrutinizes the state’s role in shaping contention at its macro, intermediate, and micro levels, and meanwhile pay more attention to local specifics that are crucial to uncovering the logic of petitioners' actions and consciousness. This book has implications for scholars and graduates who are interested in contentious politics and state-society interactions in China.

Useful Complaints

Author : Jing Chen
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1498534538
Total Pages : 205 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (985 download)

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Book Synopsis Useful Complaints by : Jing Chen

Download or read book Useful Complaints written by Jing Chen and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2016-09-09 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book develops an informational theory to account for the coexistence of China’s exceptionally resilient authoritarianism and its high decentralization. The nuanced information contained in citizens’ complaints, which are filed through the petition system, helps to sustain China’s decentralized authoritarianism in three important ways. First, petitions help to alleviate the information asymmetry problem that arises when the central government has less information than lower level governments do. When studying citizens’ petitions, higher level governments can obtain valuable and accurate information about local officials’ performance in policy implementation, public goods provision, and corruption. Higher level governments need this information in order to effectively utilize the cadre management system to reward good performance and punish malpractice. The result of this interaction is the PRC’s relatively high quality of governance and effective control of local officials. There is also a second way in which citizens’ petitions help the government to overcome the dictator’s dilemma that arises when an authoritarian regime is uncertain about how much support it really enjoys among its citizens. Citizens’ specific grievances are revealed in these petitions and are mostly addressed in their beginning stages. When citizens’ complaints are rooted in central policy, they set the agenda for policy change in order to maintain social order. There is yet a third benefit conferred upon the PRC by the petition system. Thanks to the petition system, the central government can present itself as the ally of citizens when it addresses the matters raised by their petitions. As a result, the petition system grants the central government an opportunity to hold local officials accountable, scapegoat local authorities, divide citizens and local officials, and justly claim all the credit when its policies succeed. This helps to build citizens’ trust in their central government and reinforces its legitimacy in their eyes. In Huntington’s terms, the Chinese Communist Party institutionalizes mass support by addressing citizens’ grievances expressed through the channel of communication provided by the petition system. In this sense, the complaints of citizens can be very useful tools for regime maintenance. The author substantiates these points with case studies and statistical analysis.

Order and Discipline in China

Author : Thomas B. Stephens
Publisher : University of Washington Press
ISBN 13 : 0295804025
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (958 download)

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Book Synopsis Order and Discipline in China by : Thomas B. Stephens

Download or read book Order and Discipline in China written by Thomas B. Stephens and published by University of Washington Press. This book was released on 2016-06-01 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China’s traditional system of dispute resolution and maintenance of order in society has been treated by Western scholars as legal history, but because the Chinese system is radically different from European systems in its conceptual structure and therefore does not fit into the familiar categories and models of Western law and jurisprudence, such treatment has been inadequate and often misleading. In Order and Discipline in China, Thomas B. Stephens provides a new approach, methodology, and theoretical framework for the interpretation of traditional Chinese “law.” Stephens argues convincingly that Chinese society has always operated according to the disciplinary system of order, ni which hierarchy is established by actual power, and he provides a thorough methodology and framework for understanding disciplinary theory. He discusses the system, showing it not the random (or even unjust) tyranny it may sometimes appear to the Western, legally oriented mind but an effective system that successfully guided China for centuries. The study is not merely historical, but provides insights into Chinese ways of thinking about social relationships, dispute resolution, and the enforcement of civil obligations that are vital to intercultural understanding today. His study is based on the activities of the Mixed Court of the International Settlement at Shanghai, which dealth with legal problems concerning Chinese people within the representative, or “assessor.” The Mixed Court conventionally has been looked upon as a disciplinary tribunal enforcing a system of dispute resolution and the maintenance of social order upon the principles of disciplinary theory. The Mixed Court is a convenient point from which to measure the legal and disciplinary systems against each other and to study them in conflict. Although Western powers tried to interpret the court in legal terms, it responds much more convincingly to analysis according to the disciplinary system: it provided its right to rule by the abililty to enforce its decisions, and it decided cases not, as claimed, by Chinese laws (which actually did not exist) but according to those principles established by the Western consuls. Order and Disipline in China will be of interest not only to legal scholars and students of Chinese history and society, but also to students of social order and international relations throughout the world. It also offers practical assistance to Westerners dealing with Chinese business relations, social and political affairs, or dispute settlement.

China's Embedded Activism

Author : Peter Ho
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134080549
Total Pages : 277 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis China's Embedded Activism by : Peter Ho

Download or read book China's Embedded Activism written by Peter Ho and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2007-10-19 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years China has been remarkable in achieving extraordinary economic transformation, yet without fundamental political change. To many observers this would seem to imply a weakness in Chinese civil society. However, though the idea of democracy as multitudes of citizens taking to the streets may be attractive, it is simultaneously misleading as it disregards the nature of political change taking place in China today: a gradual shift towards a polity adapted to a pluralist society. At the same time, one may wonder what the limited political space implies for the development of a social movement in China. This book explores this question by focusing on one of the most active areas of Chinese civil society: the environment. China’s Embedded Activism argues that China’s semi-authoritarian limitations on the freedom of association and speech, coupled with increased social spaces for civic action has created a milieu in which activism occurs in an embedded fashion. The semi-authoritarian atmosphere is restrictive of, but paradoxically, also conducive to nationwide, collective action with less risk of social instability and repression at the hand of the governing elite. Rich in case studies about environmental civic organizations in China, and written by a team of international experts on social movements, NGOs, democratization, and civil society, this book addresses a wide readership of students, scholars and professionals interested in development, geography and environment, political change, and contemporary Chinese society.

Best Practice Guideline

Author : British Retail Consortium
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780117066373
Total Pages : 26 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (663 download)

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Book Synopsis Best Practice Guideline by : British Retail Consortium

Download or read book Best Practice Guideline written by British Retail Consortium and published by . This book was released on 2009-07-31 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive complaint handling system is an essential component of a company's safety and quality system, providing a key measure of product quality and identifying opportunities for continual improvement. These guidelines promote best practice for an effective complaints handling system

The Religious System of China: book II. On the soul and ancestral worship

Author : Jan Jakob Maria Groot
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 462 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (334 download)

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Book Synopsis The Religious System of China: book II. On the soul and ancestral worship by : Jan Jakob Maria Groot

Download or read book The Religious System of China: book II. On the soul and ancestral worship written by Jan Jakob Maria Groot and published by . This book was released on 1910 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Religious System of China, Its Ancient Forms, Evolution, History and Present Aspect, Manners, Customs and Social Institutions Connected Therewith

Download The Religious System of China, Its Ancient Forms, Evolution, History and Present Aspect, Manners, Customs and Social Institutions Connected Therewith PDF Online Free

Author : Jam Jakob María de Groot
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 464 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis The Religious System of China, Its Ancient Forms, Evolution, History and Present Aspect, Manners, Customs and Social Institutions Connected Therewith by : Jam Jakob María de Groot

Download or read book The Religious System of China, Its Ancient Forms, Evolution, History and Present Aspect, Manners, Customs and Social Institutions Connected Therewith written by Jam Jakob María de Groot and published by . This book was released on 1910 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

China's Citizen Complaint System: Prospects for Accountability, December 4, 2009, 111-1 Roundtable, *

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis China's Citizen Complaint System: Prospects for Accountability, December 4, 2009, 111-1 Roundtable, * by :

Download or read book China's Citizen Complaint System: Prospects for Accountability, December 4, 2009, 111-1 Roundtable, * written by and published by . This book was released on 2010* with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: