Chinese Aspectual Particle Le

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Chinese Aspectual Particle le

Author : Chungeng Zhu
Publisher : Hong Kong University Press
ISBN 13 : 9888528106
Total Pages : 233 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (885 download)

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Book Synopsis Chinese Aspectual Particle le by : Chungeng Zhu

Download or read book Chinese Aspectual Particle le written by Chungeng Zhu and published by Hong Kong University Press. This book was released on 2019-10-21 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Chinese language has no tense but has aspects. It relies on aspectual particles to express how an action or state relates to the flow of time. Among all Chinese aspectual particles, le (了) is the most frequently used and is notoriously elusive for non-native speakers to grasp. Chinese Aspectual Particle le: A Comprehensive Guide is entirely devoted to le. It presents a systematic analysis of le and includes detailed illustrations of its usage. Breaking le down into le₁ and le₂, this book illustrates how le₁ forms the perfective aspect: when it is obligatory, incompatible, or optional, and when le can be interchangeable with guo (过) and zhe (着). It shows how le₂ denotes a change of state, performs as a modal particle, and is used in discourse. By comparing Chinese grammar with that of English whenever relevant, the book makes the usage of le more assessible to English speakers. It also contains a plethora of illustrative sentences, a wide range of vocabulary, and abundant cultural information. “This book is designed to demystify and clarify the various usages of the particle le for English speakers. With great clarity, the author addresses certain misunderstandings and simplistic characterizations of Chinese grammar that have plagued students for decades. Especially helpful are the examples, which are idiomatic and natural, enabling students to obtain that elusive ‘feeling for the language’ that is essential to speaking fluently.” —David Moser, associate dean at the Yenching Academy, Peking University “Le is one of the most frequently used words in Chinese, yet it rarely becomes an exclusive theme of a book. In this monograph, Chungeng Zhu explains le in a reader-friendly manner with interesting examples and insightful comments, offering a significant contribution to Chinese linguistics and Chinese teaching and learning.” —Yang Zhao, professor and dean, School of Chinese as a Second Language, Peking University

Aspect in Mandarin Chinese

Author : Richard Xiao
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9789027230836
Total Pages : 326 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis Aspect in Mandarin Chinese by : Richard Xiao

Download or read book Aspect in Mandarin Chinese written by Richard Xiao and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2004-01-01 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chinese, as an aspect language, has played an important role in the development of aspect theory. This book is a systematic and structured exploration of the linguistic devices that Mandarin Chinese employs to express aspectual meanings. The work presented here is the first corpus-based account of aspect in Chinese, encompassing both situation aspect and viewpoint aspect. In using corpus data, the book seeks to achieve a marriage between theory-driven and corpus-based approaches to linguistics. The corpus-based model presented explores aspect at both the semantic and grammatical levels. At the semantic level a two-level model of situation aspect is proposed, which covers both the lexical and sentential levels, thus giving a better account of the compositional nature of situation aspect. At the grammatical level four perfective and four imperfective aspects in Chinese are explored in detail. This exploration corrects many intuition-based misconceptions, and associated misleading conclusions, about aspect in Chinese common in the literature.

Learn to Use Chinese Aspect Particles

Author : Jian Kang Loar
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351257668
Total Pages : 316 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (512 download)

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Book Synopsis Learn to Use Chinese Aspect Particles by : Jian Kang Loar

Download or read book Learn to Use Chinese Aspect Particles written by Jian Kang Loar and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-10-26 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aspect in Mandarin Chinese plays an important role in interpreting the temporal information of a sentence. It is an important verbal category, which is concerned with the speaker’s viewpoint or perspective on a situation: whether the situation is presented as complete (perfective aspect) or as ongoing (imperfective aspect), etc. Learning to understand the aspect particles or markers, and use them correctly, has always been one of the most difficult tasks for learners of Chinese. Learn to Use Chinese Aspect Particles is a pedagogical guide designed to equip teachers with necessary aspectual theoretical knowledge, and is aimed at in-service or trainee teachers, and intermediate or advanced students to reinforce teaching and learning. Challenging exercises are designed and explanations for the correct use of an aspect particle are given, thus making the book more useable and convenient to teachers and enhancing the practical reference value of the book.

The Oxford Handbook of Chinese Linguistics

Author : William S.-Y. Wang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 0199856338
Total Pages : 793 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (998 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Chinese Linguistics by : William S.-Y. Wang

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Chinese Linguistics written by William S.-Y. Wang and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 793 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oxford Handbook of Chinese Linguistics offers a broad and comprehensive coverage of the entire field from a multi-disciplinary perspective. All chapters are contributed by leading scholars in their respective areas. This Handbook contains eight sections: history, languages and dialects, language contact, morphology, syntax, phonetics and phonology, socio-cultural aspects and neuro-psychological aspects. It provides not only a diachronic view of how languages evolve, but also a synchronic view of how languages in contact enrich each other by borrowing new words, calquing loan translation and even developing new syntactic structures. It also accompanies traditional linguistic studies of grammar and phonology with empirical evidence from psychology and neurocognitive sciences. In addition to research on the Chinese language and its major dialect groups, this handbook covers studies on sign languages and non-Chinese languages, such as the Austronesian languages spoken in Taiwan.

Chinese Final Particles and the Syntax of the Periphery

Author : Boya Li
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 206 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Chinese Final Particles and the Syntax of the Periphery by : Boya Li

Download or read book Chinese Final Particles and the Syntax of the Periphery written by Boya Li and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Parameter of Aspect

Author : C.S. Smith
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401579113
Total Pages : 479 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis The Parameter of Aspect by : C.S. Smith

Download or read book The Parameter of Aspect written by C.S. Smith and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the period I have been working on this project I have received institutional support of several kinds, for which I am most grateful. I thank the Institute for Advanced Study at Stanford University, and the Spencer Foundation, for a stimulating environment in which the basic idea of this book was developed. The Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics at Nijmegen enabled me to spend several months working on the the manuscript. ANational Science Foundation grant to develop Discourse Representation theory, and a grant from The University Research Institute of the University of Texas, allowed me time to pursue this project. I also thank the Center for Cognitive Science at the University of Texas for research support. I thank Helen Aristar-Dry for reading early drafts of the manuscript, Östen Dahl for penetrating remarks on a preliminary version, and my collaborator Gilbert Rappaport for relentIess comments and questions throughout. The individuals with whom I have worked on particular languages are mentioned in the relevant chapters. I owe a particular debt of gratitude to the members of my graduate seminar on aspect in the spring of 1990: they raised many questions of importance which made a real difference to the working out of the theory. I have benefitted from presenting parts of this material publicly, including cOlloquia at the University of California at Berkeley, the University of California at San Diego, the University of Pennsylvania, Rice University, the University of Texas, and the University of Tel Aviv.

A Reference Grammar of Chinese

Author : Chu-Ren Huang
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1316395251
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (163 download)

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Book Synopsis A Reference Grammar of Chinese by : Chu-Ren Huang

Download or read book A Reference Grammar of Chinese written by Chu-Ren Huang and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-03-31 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Reference Grammar of Chinese is a comprehensive and up-to-date guide to the linguistic structure of Chinese, covering all of the important linguistic features of the language and incorporating insights gained from research in Chinese linguistics over the past thirty years. With contributions from twenty-two leading Chinese linguists, this authoritative guide uses large-scale corpora to provide authentic examples based on actual language use. The accompanying online example databases ensure that a wide range of exemplars are readily available and also allow for new usages to be updated. This design offers a new paradigm for a reference grammar where generalizations can be cross-checked with additional examples and also provide resources for both linguistic studies and language learning. Featuring bilingual term lists, this reference grammar helps readers to access relevant literature in both English and Chinese and is an invaluable reference for learners, teachers and researchers in Chinese linguistics and language processing.

Grounding in Chinese Written Narrative Discourse

Author : Wendan Li
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004360883
Total Pages : 293 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis Grounding in Chinese Written Narrative Discourse by : Wendan Li

Download or read book Grounding in Chinese Written Narrative Discourse written by Wendan Li and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2018-02-19 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Grounding in Chinese Written Narrative Discourse Wendan Li offers a comprehensive and innovative account of how Mandarin Chinese, as a language without extensive morphological marking, highlights (or foregrounds) major events of a narrative and demotes (or backgrounds) other supporting descriptions. Qualitative and quantitative methods in the analysis and examinations of authentic written text provide extensive evidence to demonstrate that various types of morpho-syntactic devices are used in a wide range of structural units in Chinese to mark the distinction between foregrounding and backgrounding. The analysis paves the way for future studies to systematically approach grounding-related issues. The typological viewpoint adopted in the chapters serves well readers from both the Chinese tradition and other languages in discourse analysis.

Multi-verb Constructions

Author : Alexandra Y. Aikhenvald
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004194525
Total Pages : 334 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (41 download)

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Book Synopsis Multi-verb Constructions by : Alexandra Y. Aikhenvald

Download or read book Multi-verb Constructions written by Alexandra Y. Aikhenvald and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2010-12-17 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book surveys multi-verb constructions in multiple languages from the Americas, showing a very rich tapestry of typologically unusual constructions, including serial verbs, auxiliaries, co-verbs, phasal verbs. Where possible, a diachronic perspectrive is offered.

Aspect and Aktionsart in Child Mandarin

Author : Ping Li
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Aspect and Aktionsart in Child Mandarin by : Ping Li

Download or read book Aspect and Aktionsart in Child Mandarin written by Ping Li and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Perspectives on Aspect

Author : H. J. Verkuyl
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9781402032301
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (323 download)

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Book Synopsis Perspectives on Aspect by : H. J. Verkuyl

Download or read book Perspectives on Aspect written by H. J. Verkuyl and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-11-17 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers both a retrospective view on how theories of aspectuality have developed over the past 30 years, and presents current, new directions of aspectuality research. The articles in this book take a wide crosslinguistic scope including aspectual analyses of the following languages: English and two varieties of English: African American English and Colloquial Singapore English, Italian, French, Bulgarian, Czech, Mandarin Chinese, West-Greenlandic, Wakashan languages, and Nahk-Daghestanian languages.

Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar Workbook

Author : Claudia Ross
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 0415700116
Total Pages : 281 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (157 download)

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Book Synopsis Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar Workbook by : Claudia Ross

Download or read book Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar Workbook written by Claudia Ross and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar Workbook is a book of exercises and language tasks for all learners of Mandarin Chinese. Divided into two sections, the Workbook initially provides exercises based on essential grammatical structures, and moves on to practise everyday functions such as making introductions, apologizing and expressing needs. With a comprehensive answer key at the back to enable students to check on their progress, main features include: exercises graded according to level of difficulty cross-referencing to the related Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar topical exercises that develop students' vocabulary base. Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar Workbook is ideal for all learners of Mandarin Chinese, from beginner to intermediate and advanced students. It can be used both independently and alongside the Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar.

The Final-Over-Final Condition

Author : Michelle Sheehan
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262342022
Total Pages : 465 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (623 download)

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Book Synopsis The Final-Over-Final Condition by : Michelle Sheehan

Download or read book The Final-Over-Final Condition written by Michelle Sheehan and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2017-10-27 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An examination of the evidence for and the theoretical implications of a universal word order constraint, with data from a wide range of languages. This book presents evidence for a universal word order constraint, the Final-over-Final Condition (FOFC), and discusses the theoretical implications of this phenomenon. FOFC is a syntactic condition that disallows structures where a head-initial phrase is contained in a head-final phrase in the same extended projection/domain. The authors argue that FOFC is a linguistic universal, not just a strong tendency, and not a constraint on processing. They discuss the effects of the universal in various domains, including the noun phrase, the adjective phrase, the verb phrase, and the clause. The book draws on data from a wide range of languages, including Hindi, Turkish, Basque, Finnish, Afrikaans, German, Hungarian, French, English, Italian, Romanian, Arabic, Hebrew, Mandarin, Pontic Greek, Bagirmi, Dholuo, and Thai. FOFC, the authors argue, is important because it is the only known example of a word order asymmetry pertaining to the order of heads. As such, it has significant repercussions for theories connecting the narrow syntax to linear order.

Looking at Language

Author : Wolfgang Klein
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110549115
Total Pages : 528 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Looking at Language by : Wolfgang Klein

Download or read book Looking at Language written by Wolfgang Klein and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-03-19 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The volume presents an essential selection collected from the essays of Wolfgang Klein. In addition to journal and book articles, many of them published by Mouton, this book features new and unpublished texts by the author. It focuses, among other topics, on information structure, the expression of grammatical categories and the structure of learner varieties.

Tense and Aspect in Han Period Chinese

Author : Barbara Meisterernst
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110339544
Total Pages : 538 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Tense and Aspect in Han Period Chinese by : Barbara Meisterernst

Download or read book Tense and Aspect in Han Period Chinese written by Barbara Meisterernst and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2014-12-12 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many grammatical issues of Archaic and Medieval Chinese still lack a comprehensive analysis. The book provides the first thorough investigation of the syntactic and semantic constraints of the linguistic categories tense and aspect and their relation with the lexical aspect of the verb in Han period Chinese. The author uncovers fascinating details of a language with a highly restricted verbal morphology.

Computational and Corpus Approaches to Chinese Language Learning

Author : Xiaofei Lu
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811335702
Total Pages : 268 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (113 download)

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Book Synopsis Computational and Corpus Approaches to Chinese Language Learning by : Xiaofei Lu

Download or read book Computational and Corpus Approaches to Chinese Language Learning written by Xiaofei Lu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-06 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a collection of original research articles that showcase the state of the art of research in corpus and computational linguistic approaches to Chinese language teaching, learning and assessment. It offers a comprehensive set of corpus resources and natural language processing tools that are useful for teaching, learning and assessing Chinese as a second or foreign language; methods for implementing such resources and techniques in Chinese pedagogy and assessment; as well as research findings on the effectiveness of using such resources and techniques in various aspects of Chinese pedagogy and assessment.

Patient-Subject Constructions in Mandarin Chinese

Author : Xiaoling He
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 9027262349
Total Pages : 218 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

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Book Synopsis Patient-Subject Constructions in Mandarin Chinese by : Xiaoling He

Download or read book Patient-Subject Constructions in Mandarin Chinese written by Xiaoling He and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2019-06-15 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a distinctive syntactic structure in Mandarin Chinese, the Patient-Subject Construction (PSC) is one of the most interesting but least well-understood structures in the language. This book offers a comprehensive account of the history, structure, meaning and use of the PSC. Unlike previous descriptions which were framed in terms of pre-existing grammatical notions such as ‘topicalization’, ‘passivization’ and ‘ergativization’, this book offers a fresh look at the PSC, in which its syntactic and semantic as well as its discourse functions are examined within the system of major construction-types of the language as a whole. The PSC, being low in transitivity, serves primarily the function of backgrounding in discourse. Typologically, the PSC bears a resemblance to middle constructions in Indo-European and other languages, raising interesting questions about ways to understand congruent and divergent syntactic structures across the world’s languages. This book will be of interest to students of Chinese Linguistics as well as Language Typology.