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Author : Dun Jen Li
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)
Download or read book China's Struggle for Tariff Autonomy with Special Reference to the Years 1921-1934 written by Dun Jen Li and published by . This book was released on 1949 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Chihyun Chang
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135122334
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (351 download)
Download or read book Government, Imperialism and Nationalism in China written by Chihyun Chang and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-08-06 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Chinese Maritime Customs Service, which was led by British staff, is often seen as one of the key agents of Western imperialism in China, the customs revenue being one of the major sources of Chinese government income but a source much of which was pledged to Western banks as the collateral for, and interests payments on, massive loans. This book, however, based on extensive original research, considers the lower level staff of the Chinese Maritime Customs Service, and shows how the Chinese government, struggling to master Western expertise in many areas, pursued a deliberate policy of encouraging lower level staff to learn from their Western superiors with a view to eventually supplanting them, a policy which was successfully carried out. The book thereby demonstrates that Chinese engagement with Western imperialists was in fact an essential part of Chinese national state-building, and that what looked like a key branch of Chinese government delegated to foreigners was in fact very much under Chinese government control.
Author : Robert Bickers
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317266277
Total Pages : 465 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (172 download)
Download or read book Treaty Ports in Modern China written by Robert Bickers and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-05-20 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a wide range of new research on the Chinese treaty ports – the key strategic places on China’s coast where in the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries various foreign powers controlled, through "unequal treaties", whole cities or parts of cities, outside the jurisdiction of the Chinese authorities. Topics covered include land and how it was acquired, the flow of people, good and information, specific individuals and families who typify life in the treaty ports, and technical advances, exploration, and innovation in government.
Author : Dong Wang
Publisher : Lexington Books
ISBN 13 : 9780739112083
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (12 download)
Download or read book China's Unequal Treaties written by Dong Wang and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2005 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study, based on primary sources, deals with the linguistic development and polemical uses of the expression Unequal Treaties, which refers to the treaties China signed between 1842 and 1946. Although this expression has occupied a central position in both Chinese collective memory and Chinese and English historiographies, this is the first book to offer an in-depth examination of China's encounters with the outside world as manifested in the rhetoric surrounding the Unequal Treaties. Author Dong Wang argues that competing forces within China have narrated and renarrated the history of the treaties in an effort to consolidate national unity, international independence, and political legitimacy and authority. In the twentieth century, she shows, China's experience with these treaties helped to determine their use of international law. Of great relevance for students of contemporary China and Chinese history, as well as Chinese international law and politics, this book illuminates how various Chinese political actors have defined and redefined the past using the framework of the Unequal Treaties.
Author : Richard Smith
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 1684172942
Total Pages : 607 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (841 download)
Download or read book Robert Hart and China’s Early Modernization written by Richard Smith and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-03-23 with total page 607 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "As the Ch’ing government’s Inspector General of the Maritime Customs Service, Robert Hart was the most influential Westerner in China for half a century. These journal entries continue the sequence begun in Entering China’s Service and cover the years when Hart was setting up Customs procedures, establishing a modus operandi with the Ch’ing bureaucracy, and inspecting the treaty ports. They culminate in Hart’s return visit to Europe with the Pin-ch’un Mission and his marriage in Northern Ireland. Smith, Fairbank, and Bruner interleave the segments of Hart’s journals with lively narratives describing the contemporary Chinese scene and recounting Hart’s responses to the many challenges of establishing a Western-style organization within a Chinese milieu."
Author : Philip Thai
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 023154636X
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (315 download)
Download or read book China’s War on Smuggling written by Philip Thai and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2018-06-12 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Smuggling along the Chinese coast has been a thorn in the side of many regimes. From opium and weapons concealed aboard foreign steamships in the Qing dynasty to nylon stockings and wristwatches trafficked in the People’s Republic, contests between state and smuggler have exerted a surprising but crucial influence on the political economy of modern China. Seeking to consolidate domestic authority and confront foreign challenges, states introduced tighter regulations, higher taxes, and harsher enforcement. These interventions sparked widespread defiance, triggering further coercive measures. Smuggling simultaneously threatened the state’s power while inviting repression that strengthened its authority. Philip Thai chronicles the vicissitudes of smuggling in modern China—its practice, suppression, and significance—to demonstrate the intimate link between illicit coastal trade and the amplification of state power. China’s War on Smuggling shows that the fight against smuggling was not a simple law enforcement problem but rather an impetus to centralize authority and expand economic controls. The smuggling epidemic gave Chinese states pretext to define legal and illegal behavior, and the resulting constraints on consumption and movement remade everyday life for individuals, merchants, and communities. Drawing from varied sources such as legal cases, customs records, and popular press reports and including diverse perspectives from political leaders, frontline enforcers, organized traffickers, and petty runners, Thai uncovers how different regimes policed maritime trade and the unintended consequences their campaigns unleashed. China’s War on Smuggling traces how defiance and repression redefined state power, offering new insights into modern Chinese social, legal, and economic history.
Author : Linda Pomerantz-Zhang
Publisher : Hong Kong University Press
ISBN 13 : 962209287X
Total Pages : 323 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (22 download)
Download or read book Wu Tingfang (1842-1922) written by Linda Pomerantz-Zhang and published by Hong Kong University Press. This book was released on 1992-08-01 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wu Tingfang (1842-1922) was a contemporary of Li Hongzhang, Yuan Shikai, Hei and Sun Yixian (Sun Yat-sen), all of whom were involved in China's attempt at reform and modernization in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. During his time, Wu was a prominent political figure, participating actively in public service and political activities in Hong Kong, Shanghai and Guangzhou. This book is a biography of Wu, and sheds considerable light on a crucial period in Chinese history.
Author : Sze Hang Choi
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004341161
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (43 download)
Download or read book The Remarkable Hybrid Maritime World of Hong Kong and the West River Region in the Late Qing Period written by Sze Hang Choi and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2017-07-03 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on the hybrid maritime world of Hong Kong, Pearl River Delta and West River in the last two decades of the late Qing period, this work tells a vivid trading and competition story of previously unknown private Chinese traders and junk masters. This challenges the prevailing view of the domination of China’s maritime trade by modern foreign steamships. Making use of unpublished Kowloon Maritime Customs and British diplomatic records in the late 19th and early 20th century, Henry Sze Hang Choi convincingly shows how these private Chinese traders flexibly adopted to the foreign-dominated maritime customs agencies and treaty port system in defending their Chinese homeland stronghold against the invasion of foreign economic power.
Author : Donna Brunero
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134340931
Total Pages : 219 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (343 download)
Download or read book Britain's Imperial Cornerstone in China written by Donna Brunero and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2006-03-02 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an in-depth account of the Chinese Imperial Maritime Customs Service, a uniquely cosmopolitan institution established in the wake of China's defeat in the Opium Wars (1842 to 43), and a central feature of the Treaty Port system. The British-dominated service was headed by the famous Robert Hart who founded a far-reaching customs administration that also encompassed other responsibilities such as marine and harbour maintenance, quarantine, anti-piracy patrols and postal services. This institution sat at a crucial juncture between Chinese and foreign interests, and was intimately linked to British interests and fortunes in the Far East. Following the establishment of the Republic in 1911 there were grave misgivings as to whether the foreign element of the Service would survive. Yet the Service grew in influence and strength, ensuring the foreign inspectorate a continued role in China's affairs. Delivering an overview of the Service, its bureaucracy, fiscal responsibilities and life for foreigners in its employ, focusing especially on the later years of the Service, Donna Brunero draws on the experiences of the foreign administration of the Service as it attempted to negotiate between Chinese and foreign expectations and interests.
Author : John King Fairbank
Publisher : University Press of Kentucky
ISBN 13 : 0813194288
Total Pages : 475 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (131 download)
Download or read book H.B. Morse, Customs Commissioner and Historian of China written by John King Fairbank and published by University Press of Kentucky. This book was released on 2021-12-14 with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hosea Ballou Morse (1855-1934) sailed to China in 1874, and for the next thirty-five years he labored loyally in the Imperial Chinese Maritime Customs Service, becoming one of its most able commissioners and acquiring a deep knowledge of China's economy and foreign relations. After his retirement in 1909, Morse devoted himself to scholarship. He pioneered in the Western study of China's foreign relations, weaving from the tangled threads of the Ch'ing dynasty's foreign affairs several seminal interpretive histories, most notably his three-volume magnum opus, The International Relations of the Chinese Empire (1910-18). At the time of his death, Morse was considered the major historian of modern China in the English-speaking world, and his works played a profound role in shaping the contours of Western scholarship on China. Begun as a labor of love by his protégé, John King Fairbank, this lively biography based primarily on Morse's vast collection of personal papers sheds light on many crucial events in modern Chinese history, as well as on the multifaceted Western role in late imperial China, and provides new insights into the beginnings of modern China studies in this country. Half-finished when Fairbank died, the project was completed by his colleagues, Martha Henderson Coolidge and Richard J. Smith.
Author : A. J. H. Latham
Publisher : Manchester University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780719018770
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (187 download)
Download or read book Africa, Asia, and South America Since 1800 written by A. J. H. Latham and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 1995 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A reference for graduate and undergraduate students presenting the bibliographic details and sometimes describing and evaluating the content of over 5,000 books in English, most published since 1945 and many quite recently, but also some earlier works of enduring importance. A section of works on all three continents is followed by sections on each, which first consider the continent as a whole, then each country, usually by chronological periods and topics such as economics, politics, and society. Indexed only by author and editor, but the table of contents is detailed enough to provide adequate access. Distributed in the US by St. Martin's Press. Annotation copyright Book News, Inc. Portland, Or.
Author : Ernest R. May
Publisher : Harvard Univ Asia Center
ISBN 13 : 9780674030756
Total Pages : 420 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (37 download)
Download or read book America's China Trade in Historical Perspective written by Ernest R. May and published by Harvard Univ Asia Center. This book was released on 1986 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume explores commercial relations between the United States and China from the eighteenth century until 1949, fleshing out with facts the romantic and shadowy image of "the China trade." These nine chapters by specialists in the field have developed from papers they presented at a conference supported by the national Committee on American-East Asian Relations. The work begins with an Introduction by John K. Fairbank, then moves on to analysis of the old China trade up to the American Civil War, centering on traditional Chinese exports of tea and silk. A second section deals with American imports into China--cotton textiles and textile-related goods, cigarettes, kerosene. Finally, the impact of the trade on both countries is assessed and the operations of American-owned and multinational companies in China are examined. For both the United States and China, the economic importance of the trade proves to have been less than the legend might suggest.
Author : Catherine Ladds
Publisher : Manchester University Press
ISBN 13 : 152611822X
Total Pages : 251 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (261 download)
Download or read book Empire careers written by Catherine Ladds and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 2017-02-01 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book-length study of the 11,000 foreign nationals who worked for the Chinese Customs Service between 1854 and1949, exploring how their lives and careers were shaped by imperial ideologies, networks and structures. In doing so it highlights the vast range of people – British and non-British, elite and non-elite – for whom the empire world spoke of opportunity. Empire careers considers the professional triumphs and tribulations of the foreign staff, their social activities, their private and family lives, and how all of these factors were influenced by the changing political context in China and abroad. Contrary to the common assumption that China was merely an ‘outpost’ of empire, exploration of the Customs’ cosmopolitan personnel encourages us to see China as a place where multiple imperial trajectories converged, overlapped and competed. This book will be of interest to students and scholars of imperial history and the political history of modern China.
Author : Anne Reinhardt
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 1684175860
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (841 download)
Download or read book Navigating Semi-colonialism written by Anne Reinhardt and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-10-26 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "China’s status in the world of expanding European empires of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries has long been under dispute. Its unequal relations with multiple powers, secured through a system of treaties rather than through colonization, has invited debate over the degree and significance of outside control and local sovereignty. Navigating Semi-Colonialism examines steam navigation—introduced by foreign powers to Chinese waters in the mid-nineteenth century—as a constitutive element of the treaty system to illuminate both conceptual and concrete aspects of this regime, arguing for the specificity of China’s experience, its continuities with colonialism in other contexts, and its links to global processes.Focusing on the shipping network of open treaty ports, the book examines the expansion of steam navigation, the growth of shipping enterprise, and the social climate of the steamship in the late nineteenth century as arenas of contestation and collaboration that highlight the significance of partial Chinese sovereignty and the limitations imposed upon it. It further analyzes the transformation of this regime under the nationalism of the Republican period, and pursues a comparison of shipping regimes in China and India to provide a novel perspective on China under the treaty system."
Author : Ting Chang
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351538446
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (515 download)
Download or read book "Travel, Collecting, and Museums of Asian Art in Nineteenth-Century Paris " written by Ting Chang and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Travel, Collecting, and Museums of Asian Art in Nineteenth-Century Paris examines a history of contact between modern Europe and East Asia through three collectors: Henri Cernuschi, Emile Guimet, and Edmond de Goncourt. Drawing on a wealth of material including European travelogues of the East and Asian reports of the West, Ting Chang explores the politics of mobility and cross-cultural encounter in the nineteenth century. This book takes a new approach to museum studies and institutional critique by highlighting what is missing from the existing scholarship -- the foreign labors, social relations, and somatic experiences of travel that are constitutive of museums yet left out of their histories. The author explores how global trade and monetary theory shaped Cernuschi's collection of archaic Chinese bronze. Exchange systems, both material and immaterial, determined Guimet's museum of religious objects and Goncourt's private collection of Asian art. Bronze, porcelain, and prints articulated the shifting relations and frameworks of understanding between France, Japan, and China in a time of profound transformation. Travel, Collecting, and Museums of Asian Art in Nineteenth-Century Paris thus looks at what Asian art was imagined to do for Europe. This book will be of interest to scholars and students interested in art history, travel imagery, museum studies, cross-cultural encounters, and modern transnational histories.
Author : Parks M. Coble, Jr.
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 1684172276
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (841 download)
Download or read book The Shanghai Capitalists and the Nationalist Government, 1927–1937 written by Parks M. Coble, Jr. and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-03-17 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A common generalization about the Nationalist Government in China during the 1927-1937 decade has been that Chiang Kai-shek's regime was closely allied with the capitalists in Shanghai. This book brings to light a different picture--that Nanking sought to control the capitalists politically, to prevent them from having a voice in the political structure, and to milk the wealth of the urban economy for government coffers. This study documents major political conflicts between the capitalists and the government and demonstrates that the regime gradually suppressed the main organizations of the capitalists and gained control of many of their financial and industrial enterprises. This is the first systematic examination of the political role of the Shanghai capitalists during the Nanking decade. A number of related issues--the operation of the government bond market, the role of the Shanghai underworld and its ties to Chiang Kai-shek, the personalities and policies of key government officials such as TV. Soong and H.H. Kung, the Japanese attempt to control the economic policies of the Nanking government, and the growth of "bureaucratic capitalism"--are brought into focus.
Author : Parks M. Coble
Publisher : Harvard Univ Asia Center
ISBN 13 : 9780674805361
Total Pages : 380 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (53 download)
Download or read book The Shanghai Capitalists and the Nationalist Government, 1927-1937 written by Parks M. Coble and published by Harvard Univ Asia Center. This book was released on 1986 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A common generalization about the Nationalist Government in China during the 1927-1937 decade has been that Chiang Kai-shek's regime was closely allied with the capitalists in Shanghai. This book brings to light a different picture--that Nanking sought to control the capitalists politically, to prevent them from having a voice in the political structure, and to milk the wealth of the urban economy for government coffers. This study documents major political conflicts between the capitalists and the government and demonstrates that the regime gradually suppressed the main organizations of the capitalists and gained control of many of their financial and industrial enterprises. This is the first systematic examination of the political role of the Shanghai capitalists during the Nanking decade. A number of related issues--the operation of the government bond market, the role of the Shanghai underworld and its ties to Chiang Kai-shek, the personalities and policies of key government officials such as TV. Soong and H.H. Kung, the Japanese attempt to control the economic policies of the Nanking government, and the growth of "bureaucratic capitalism"--are brought into focus.
