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Children And Gender Inequality Evidence From Denmark
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Book Synopsis Children and Gender Inequality by : Henrik Jacobsen Kleven
Download or read book Children and Gender Inequality written by Henrik Jacobsen Kleven and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite considerable gender convergence over time, substantial gender inequality persists in all countries. Using Danish administrative data from 1980-2013 and an event study approach, we show that most of the remaining gender inequality in earnings is due to children. The arrival of children creates a gender gap in earnings of around 20% in the long run, driven in roughly equal proportions by labor force participation, hours of work, and wage rates. Underlying these “child penalties”, we find clear dynamic impacts on occupation, promotion to manager, sector, and the family friendliness of the firm for women relative to men. Based on a dynamic decomposition framework, we show that the fraction of gender inequality caused by child penalties has increased dramatically over time, from about 40% in 1980 to about 80% in 2013. As a possible explanation for the persistence of child penalties, we show that they are transmitted through generations, from parents to daughters (but not sons), consistent with an influence of childhood environment in the formation of women’s preferences over family and career.
Book Synopsis Children and Gender Inequality: Evidence from Denmark by :
Download or read book Children and Gender Inequality: Evidence from Denmark written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Parenthood and the Gender Gap: Evidence from Denmark by :
Download or read book Parenthood and the Gender Gap: Evidence from Denmark written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Taxation and Migration by : Reuven S. Avi-Yonah
Download or read book Taxation and Migration written by Reuven S. Avi-Yonah and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2015-08-21 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Migration has become an increasingly important phenomenon for societies, especially given its highly controversial political dimension. The complexity of the migrant integration process and its many varieties present challenges to policymakers who need high-quality information on which to base decisions. Nowhere is this necessity more pressing than in the development of relevant tax rules that meet the basic requirements of efficiency and equity. Moreover, the ascent of the so-called emerging economies coupled with the stagnation of the richest economies of the world implies reform of the current competition-based international tax regime and the adoption of a more cooperative paradigm. This important and timely book, for the first time in such depth, explores such aspects of the problem as the following: - migration for tax reasons, especially corporate "inversions" (change in corporate residence for tax purposes); - tax consequences related to individuals who receive free or subsidized education in one country and profit from it in another; - taxing cross-border retirement income; and - migration-related aspects of tax preferential treatment of the elderly. With particular emphasis on the effects and opportunities created by the changing international tax regime - and with attention to the role of tax treaties and recent court cases - chapters by well known tax experts present evidence on the consequences of migration in all its facets and simulate the effects of several recently enacted and proposed changes in tax law in European countries, the United States, and other jurisdictions. The grounded propositions and recommendations offered in this deeply informed book will allow policymakers to draft tax-residence rules that minimize distortion and promote fairness. The book will also be of interest to tax law practitioners and other tax specialists, migration experts, and academics investigating one of the crucial political issues of our time.
Book Synopsis Gender Inequality by : David E. Newton
Download or read book Gender Inequality written by David E. Newton and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2019-10-25 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gender Inequality: A Reference Handbook discusses the role women have played throughout human history and play in the modern day, including both advances that have been made in the fight for equality and problems remaining to be solved. Gender Inequality: A Reference Handbook is divided into two parts. Chapters One and Two provide a historical background to the topic and a review of current issues and problems. The remaining chapters aid readers in continuing their own research on the topic, through an extended annotated bibliography, chronology, glossary, noteworthy individuals and organizations in the field, and important data and documents. This book covers the topic of gender inequality from the earliest pages of human history to the present day. It differs from other works in the field primarily because of the variety of resources provided, such as further reading, perspective essays on the topic, a historical timeline, and useful terms in the field. It is intended for readers of high school through the community college level, along with adult readers who may be interested in the topic.
Book Synopsis Optimal Unemployment Insurance by : Andreas Pollak
Download or read book Optimal Unemployment Insurance written by Andreas Pollak and published by Mohr Siebeck. This book was released on 2007 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Designing a good unemployment insurance scheme is a delicate matter. In a system with no or little insurance, households may be subject to a high income risk, whereas excessively generous unemployment insurance systems are known to lead to high unemployment rates and are costly both from a fiscal perspective and for society as a whole. Andreas Pollak investigates what an optimal unemployment insurance system would look like, i.e. a system that constitutes the best possible compromise between income security and incentives to work. Using theoretical economic models and complex numerical simulations, he studies the effects of benefit levels and payment durations on unemployment and welfare. As the models allow for considerable heterogeneity of households, including a history-dependent labor productivity, it is possible to analyze how certain policies affect individuals in a specific age, wealth or skill group. The most important aspect of an unemployment insurance system turns out to be the benefits paid to the long-term unemployed. If this parameter is chosen too high, a large number of households may get caught in a long spell of unemployment with little chance of finding work again. Based on the predictions in these models, the so-called "Hartz IV" labor market reform recently adopted in Germany should have highly favorable effects on the unemployment rates and welfare in the long run.
Book Synopsis OECD Economic Surveys: Denmark 2019 by : OECD
Download or read book OECD Economic Surveys: Denmark 2019 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2019-01-15 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Living standards and wellbeing are high in Denmark. Economic conditions have improved in recent years and the steady expansion is projected to continue. A prolonged series of pension and benefit reforms has delivered sound public finances and strengthened potential growth, among others by ...
Book Synopsis OECD Economic Surveys: Denmark 2024 by : OECD
Download or read book OECD Economic Surveys: Denmark 2024 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2024-01-09 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following a robust recovery, growth has slowed and the economy has been running at two speeds. Headline inflation has fallen, but underlying price pressures remain high.
Book Synopsis OECD Economic Surveys: Denmark 2021 by : OECD
Download or read book OECD Economic Surveys: Denmark 2021 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2021-12-16 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Danish economy has recovered quickly from the COVID-19 crisis. Rapid action to support firms and households contained the economic contraction to one of the mildest in Europe, while fast vaccine rollout enabled the removal of shutdown restrictions and an early reopening.
Book Synopsis Elgar Encyclopedia of Labour Studies by : Tor Eriksson
Download or read book Elgar Encyclopedia of Labour Studies written by Tor Eriksson and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2023-09-06 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This authoritative Elgar Encyclopedia provides a comprehensive overview of central concepts in labour studies, and how they can be used to analyse labour markets. Examining regional and sectoral labour markets alongside the internal labour markets of firms, it clearly lays out the current state of social scientific knowledge on labour.
Book Synopsis Intergenerational Mobility by : Jean Kimmel
Download or read book Intergenerational Mobility written by Jean Kimmel and published by W.E. Upjohn Institute. This book was released on 2022-02-15 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents a complex portrait of the interrelationships among parents’ marital status and education, child gender, and the nature and success of children’s transitions into adulthood. The first three chapters focus on differences in parents’ investments in their children, while the final three chapters focus directly on intergenerational income mobility.
Book Synopsis The Economic Impact of Healthcare Quality by : Anne-Line Koch Helsø
Download or read book The Economic Impact of Healthcare Quality written by Anne-Line Koch Helsø and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-08-16 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We study the costs of hospitalizations on patients’ earnings and labor supply, using the universe of hospital admissions in Denmark and full-population tax data. We evaluate the quality of treatment based on its ability to mitigate the labor market consequences of a given diagnosis and propose a new measure of hospital quality, the "Adjusted Earning Losses" (AEL). We find a 4 percentage points difference in lost earnings between the best and worst large Danish hospitals, all else equal. We show that AEL contains significant additional information relative to traditional measures and does not suffer from worse selection issues. We also document a large decline in the labor cost of hospitalizations over time, with large variations across diseases. We find that the average post-hospitalization reduction in labor earnings declined by 25 percent (50 percent) on the intensive (extensive) margin between 1998 and 2012.
Book Synopsis Fintech, Pandemic, and the Financial System by : Suk-Joong Kim
Download or read book Fintech, Pandemic, and the Financial System written by Suk-Joong Kim and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2023-01-17 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 22, Fintech, Pandemic, and the Financial System, examines systemic challenges faced by a wide range of financial market participants and the continued disruptions introduced by financial innovations (Fintech).
Book Synopsis Handbook of Research on Using Global Collective Intelligence and Creativity to Solve Wicked Problems by : Fields, Ziska
Download or read book Handbook of Research on Using Global Collective Intelligence and Creativity to Solve Wicked Problems written by Fields, Ziska and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2020-11-27 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today’s world is continually facing complex and life-threatening issues that are too difficult or even impossible to solve. These challenges have been titled “wicked” problems due to their radical and multifarious nature. Recently, there has been a focus on global cooperation and gathering creative and diverse methods from around the world to solve these issues. Accumulating research and information on these collective intelligence methods is vital in comprehending current international issues and what possible solutions are being developed through the use of global collaboration. The Handbook of Research on Using Global Collective Intelligence and Creativity to Solve Wicked Problems is a pivotal reference source that provides vital research on the collaboration between global communities in developing creative solutions for radical worldwide issues. While highlighting topics such as collaboration technologies, neuro-leadership, and sustainable global solutions, this publication explores diverse collections of problem-solving methods and applying them on a global scale. This book is ideally designed for scholars, researchers, students, policymakers, strategists, economists, and educators seeking current research on problem-solving methods using collective intelligence and creativity.
Book Synopsis Dissecting the Decline in Average Hours Worked in Europe by : Diva Astinova
Download or read book Dissecting the Decline in Average Hours Worked in Europe written by Diva Astinova and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2024-01-12 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three years after the COVID-19 crisis, employment and total hours worked in Europe fully recovered, but average hours per worker did not. We analyze the decline in average hours worked across European countries and find that (i) it is not cyclical but predominantly structural, extending a long-term trend that predates COVID-19, (ii) it mainly reflects reduced hours within worker groups, not a compositional shift towards lower-hours jobs and workers, (iii) men—particularly those with young children—and youth drive this drop, (iv) declines in actual hours match declines in desired hours. Policy reforms could help involuntary parttimers and women with young children raise their actual hours towards desired levels, but the aggregate impact on average hours would be limited to 0.5 to 1.5 percent. Overall, there is scant evidence of slack at the intensive margin in European labor markets, and the trend fall in average hours worked seems unlikely to reverse.
Book Synopsis Wealth After Work by : William G. Gale
Download or read book Wealth After Work written by William G. Gale and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2021-07-27 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pensions and retirement saving plans have helped millions of households build financial security. But tens of millions of people have been left behind, without access to these wealth accumulation vehicles. For many others, the plans they have do not ensure financial security in retirement. The problems that underlie these failures can be addressed. This book proposes concrete, practical ways to make dependable retirement income accessible for all Americans—not just those with means. Individual accounts have eclipsed traditional pensions as the primary vehicle for retirement saving in the United States—a shift that underlies many sources of retirement insecurity. The 401(k) plan and similar accounts have increased financial security for many people but have done nothing for millions more. Many of those who do have such plans are burdened with the need to make numerous saving, investment, and withdrawal decisions that stress their financial acumen. Financial advice that is unbiased, unconflicted, and affordable is often difficult to find. Managing wealth in retirement—especially the need to convert retirement savings into steady income—poses significant challenges that current financial instruments and practices do not adequately address. Economic downturns like the Great Recession and the COVID-19 pandemic increase financial insecurity and make addressing these issues more urgent. Written by noted experts in the field, Wealth After Work offers practical solutions that address these concerns. The proposals show how policymakers can help all Americans gain access to retirement savings accounts, obtain better information about their savings choices, and better manage their wealth in retirement. By proposing solutions that build on, rather than replace the existing system, the book provides a nuanced, practical guide to reform that would benefit all Americans.
Book Synopsis Why Don't Women Rule the World? by : J. Cherie Strachan
Download or read book Why Don't Women Rule the World? written by J. Cherie Strachan and published by CQ Press. This book was released on 2019-07-12 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why don’t women have more influence over the way the world is structured? Written by four leaders within the national and international academic caucuses on women and politics, Why Don't Women Rule the World? by J. Cherie Strachan , Lori M. Poloni-Staudinger, Shannon Jenkins, and Candice D. Ortbals helps you to understand how the underrepresentation of women manifests within politics, and the impact this has on policy. Grounded in theory with practical, job-related activities, the book offers a thorough introduction to the study of women and politics, and will bolster your political interests, ambitions, and efficacy.
