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Chemical Probes Of Dendritic Cell C Type Lectin Receptors
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Book Synopsis Chemical Probes of Dendritic Cell C-type Lectin Receptors by :
Download or read book Chemical Probes of Dendritic Cell C-type Lectin Receptors written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells that possess the unique ability to induce primary immune responses. They directly capture invading pathogens and transmit danger signals to the adaptive immune system, which ultimately initiates a robust immune response. DCs sense invading pathogens through an arsenal of receptors that recognize highly conserved, pathogenic epitopes. These receptors include C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) that bind to pathogenic glycans to facilitate pathogen uptake and degradation. In addition, CLRs also complex host glycans to mediate DC locomotion and cell-cell communication. Despite a clear importance in immunity, many CLRs are exploited by pathogens for nefarious purposes. For example, DC-SIGN is co-opted by pathogens, including HIV-1 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, to facilitate infection and dissemination. However, the mechanisms that pathogens use to exploit DC-SIGN remain poorly understood. This thesis describes strategies for ligand synthesis that can afford probes of DC-SIGN function. These strategies can be generalized and applied to any CLR of interest. In light of emerging evidence that glycan structure may affect CLR function, I designed polymers bearing pendant carbohydrates (glycopolymers) to function as glycan surrogates. By employing glycopolymers of defined composition, we observed that glycopolymer valency affects both DC-SIGN-mediated internalization and trafficking within the cell. Studying CLRs is challenging due to their overlapping ligand specificities. To target DC-SIGN, we previously generated non-carbohydrate glycomimetics from (--)-shikimic acid that mimic the DC-SIGN ligand, D-mannose. By expanding this approach, I have demonstrated that these compounds can be converted into probes that elicit DC-SIGN function (e.g. internalization, signaling). Moreover, I have developed a divergent synthetic route to non-natural epimers of shikimic acid, thus allowing access to glycomimetics that mimic other CLR ligands. This strategy will therefore allow access to glycomimetic agonists to target any CLR of interest. Finally, I have outlined a methodology to probe antigen presentation in DCs. Using glycopolymers bearing peptide cargo, we are poised to explore two distinct mechanisms of antigen presentation in DCs. We envision this strategy will elucidate the putative roles CLRs may play in antigen presentation. Moreover, this approach may validate CLRs as potential therapeutic targets for vaccine design.
Book Synopsis C-Type Lectins in Immune Homeostasis by : Sho Yamasaki
Download or read book C-Type Lectins in Immune Homeostasis written by Sho Yamasaki and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-31 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on C-type lectin receptors, a newly emerging family of pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) and a crucial part of the human innate immune system. Above all, the authors highlight these receptors’ role in the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) – one of the first steps in responding to foreign and potentially dangerous structures in the human body. The respective chapters chiefly examine various C-type lectin receptors, their corresponding ligands, and signalling. In addition to offering immunologists and clinicians important insights from the latest research, they may also provide novel points of departure for future drug development.
Book Synopsis The Biology of the C-Type Lectin Receptor DC-SIGN by : Hoorig Nassanian
Download or read book The Biology of the C-Type Lectin Receptor DC-SIGN written by Hoorig Nassanian and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis C-Type Lectin Receptors in Immunity by : Sho Yamasaki
Download or read book C-Type Lectin Receptors in Immunity written by Sho Yamasaki and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-03-22 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book presents the latest findings on C-type lectin receptors, focusing on individual receptors and their signaling. In recent years there have been great advances in the understanding of the function of these receptors as a newly emerging family of pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) for pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Comprising four parts: ITAM-coupled Activating Receptors; HemITAM-bearing Receptors; ITIM-bearing Receptors; and Other Receptors and Related Topics, this comprehensive review covers a broad range of C-type lectin receptors. The updated information on C-type lectin receptors and their ligands provided will appeal to a wide readership, from basic immunologists to physicians and surgeons. In addition, sections on novel drug development make this a valuable resource for pharmaceutical scientists.
Book Synopsis C-Type Lectin Receptors in Immunity by : Sho Yamasaki
Download or read book C-Type Lectin Receptors in Immunity written by Sho Yamasaki and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-03-31 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book presents the latest findings on C-type lectin receptors, focusing on individual receptors and their signaling. In recent years there have been great advances in the understanding of the function of these receptors as a newly emerging family of pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) for pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Comprising four parts: ITAM-coupled Activating Receptors; HemITAM-bearing Receptors; ITIM-bearing Receptors; and Other Receptors and Related Topics, this comprehensive review covers a broad range of C-type lectin receptors. The updated information on C-type lectin receptors and their ligands provided will appeal to a wide readership, from basic immunologists to physicians and surgeons. In addition, sections on novel drug development make this a valuable resource for pharmaceutical scientists.
Book Synopsis C-type Lectin Signaling in Dendritic Cells by :
Download or read book C-type Lectin Signaling in Dendritic Cells written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Functional Characterization of Dendritic Cell Immunoactivating Receptor 1 by : Stefan A. Kaden
Download or read book Functional Characterization of Dendritic Cell Immunoactivating Receptor 1 written by Stefan A. Kaden and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Characterization of Dendritic Cell Subsets Based on Expression of the C-type Lectin Receptor DCAL2 by : Shinji Kasahara
Download or read book Characterization of Dendritic Cell Subsets Based on Expression of the C-type Lectin Receptor DCAL2 written by Shinji Kasahara and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Dendritic Cell Trafficking in to the Central Nervous System by : Divya Sagar
Download or read book Dendritic Cell Trafficking in to the Central Nervous System written by Divya Sagar and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Targeting C‐type Lectin Receptors: a High‐carbohydrate Diet for Dendritic Cells to Improve Cancer Vaccines by :
Download or read book Targeting C‐type Lectin Receptors: a High‐carbohydrate Diet for Dendritic Cells to Improve Cancer Vaccines written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract : Review of in vivo targeting of tumor antigens to lectin receptors on antigen‐presenting cells using antibodies or ligands may improve the antitumor efficacy of vaccines. Abstract : There is a growing understanding of why certain patients do or do not respond to checkpoint inhibition therapy. This opens new opportunities to reconsider and redevelop vaccine strategies to prime an anticancer immune response. Combination of such vaccines with checkpoint inhibitors will both provide the fuel and release the brake for an efficient anticancer response. Here, we discuss vaccine strategies that use C‐type lectin receptor (CLR) targeting of APCs, such as dendritic cells and macrophages. APCs are a necessity for the priming of antigen‐specific cytotoxic and helper T cells. Because CLRs are natural carbohydrate‐recognition receptors highly expressed by multiple subsets of APCs and involved in uptake and processing of Ags for presentation, these receptors seem particularly interesting for targeting purposes.
Book Synopsis Synthesis and Evaluation of Quinoxalinones as Inhibitors of the Lectin DC-SIGN by :
Download or read book Synthesis and Evaluation of Quinoxalinones as Inhibitors of the Lectin DC-SIGN written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: SYNTHESIS AND EVALUATION OF QUINOXALINONES AS INHIBITORS OF THE LECTIN DC-SIGN Shane L. Mangold Under the supervision of Professor Laura L. Kiessling At the University of Wisconsin-Madison C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) are crucial for mediating a range of biological interactions including cell-cell contact, cell-matrix adhesion, and host-pathogen interactions. CLRs are important for homeostatic control, recognizing self-antigens and tolerizing the tissue environment. Alternatively, they can detect foreign pathogens. One CLR that is involved in many of these roles is DC-SIGN. DC-SIGN is found on the surface of dendritic cells and functions as an adhesion receptor for a variety of glycan-containing structures including glycoproteins found on the surface of pathogens. Pathogens such as HIV-1 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis can target DC-SIGN to infect cells or modulate immune responses to promote their survival. Thus, DC-SIGN has been implicated as an important therapeutic target. Herein, I describe the production of chemical tools for probing key functions of DC-SIGN activity. We used high-throughput screening to identify small molecules that could target DC-SIGN. This approach yielded a class of compounds containing a quinoxalinone core. I developed a divergent synthetic route to the quinoxalinones highlighted by a tandem cross-metathesis-hydrogenation sequence as the penultimate transformation. This strategy allowed variation of the quinoxalinone scaffold to generate potent inhibitors of DC-SIGN. With the appropriate synthetic tools, we demonstrated that small molecule inhibitors of DC-SIGN could be used as probes of DC-SIGN activity. In this regard, we designed a sensitive flow cytometry assay that revealed the utility of the quinoxalinones for preventing glycans from interacting with cells displaying DC-SIGN. Furthermore, the compounds were marginally active in blocking mycobacterial adhesion to DC-SIGN on dendritic cells. The ability of the quinoxalinones to bind DC-SIGN and inhibit its interaction with a variety of glycan-containing structures prompted efforts to understand their mechanism of inhibition. We demonstrate that the compounds engage DC-SIGN at a site that is distal from the known carbohydrate-binding site. These findings suggest that the quinoxalinones inhibit DC-SIGN-glycan interactions through a mechanism that is distinct from known carbohydrate-based inhibitors of DC-SIGN.
Book Synopsis Polysaccharides II by : Dieter Klemm
Download or read book Polysaccharides II written by Dieter Klemm and published by Springer. This book was released on 2006-10-06 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book has the Highest Impact Factor of all publications ranked by ISI within Polymer Science. It contains short and concise reports on physics and chemistry of polymers, each written by the world renowned experts. The book is still valid and useful after 5 or 10 years. The electronic version is available free of charge for standing order customers at: springer.com/series/12/
Book Synopsis Glycobiology of Innate Immunology by : Cheorl-Ho Kim
Download or read book Glycobiology of Innate Immunology written by Cheorl-Ho Kim and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-03-31 with total page 673 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the latest knowledge and the most recent research results on glycobiology of innate immunology. Innate immunity is the crucial part of the immunological defense system that exerts their distinct functions through binding to certain functional glycoproteins. They play a role in various human diseases and also function against microbial invaders and self-associated molecular patterns. Co-regulated expression of glycan-binding is associated with many biological components such as cellular oncotransformation, phenotype change, neuronal or embryonic development, regulation of cell division, cell–cell interaction, cell attachment, adhesion, and motility, and intracellular signaling via protein–carbohydrate or carbohydrate–carbohydrate interactions. This book opens by providing the key background on glycans in innate immunity and its mechanisms behind the Dendritic cell interactions during infection and inflammation are examined in depth, and the concluding chapter is devoted to signaling tumor immunotherapy. Up-to-date information is then presented on all aspects of glycan structure-recognizing signaling. The book should assist in the further development of new strategies against emerging infectious agents and intractable diseases.
Download or read book Molecular Biology of the Cell written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Chemical Probes to Explore Carbohydrate Function by : Erin Elizabeth Carlson
Download or read book Chemical Probes to Explore Carbohydrate Function written by Erin Elizabeth Carlson and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book MicroRNA Profiling written by Sweta Rani and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-11-28 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition provides updated and comprehensive methods on miRNA biogenesis and their role in the development and progression of various human diseases. Chapters detail miRNA biogenesis, isolating RNA, extracellular vesicles (EVs), circulating miRNAs, analyzing miRNA and miRDeep-P2, protocols for total RNA isolation from cells, cell-derived products, isolation and characterization of exosomes, serum, plasma specimens, and software tools. Written in the successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, MicroRNA Profiling: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition aims to provide comprehensive and accessible methods to undergraduate, graduate, and established scientist.
Book Synopsis Essentials of Glycobiology by : Ajit Varki
Download or read book Essentials of Glycobiology written by Ajit Varki and published by CSHL Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 694 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sugar chains (glycans) are often attached to proteins and lipids and have multiple roles in the organization and function of all organisms. "Essentials of Glycobiology" describes their biogenesis and function and offers a useful gateway to the understanding of glycans.
