Chemical and Enzymatic Synthesis of Gene Fragments

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 268 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (45 download)

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Book Synopsis Chemical and Enzymatic Synthesis of Gene Fragments by : Hans Günter Gassen

Download or read book Chemical and Enzymatic Synthesis of Gene Fragments written by Hans Günter Gassen and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Preface: In the past the chemical and enzymatic synthesis of oligonucleotides of defined sequence had to be left to a few experts. Now, however, with the triester approach, the phosphite method and the solid-support techniques gene fragment synthesis has turned into an easy procedure even for a non-chemist. Due to the elegant chemistry involved, all methods work without sophisticated equipment and are prone to mechanisation and eventual automation. It is hoped that combined chemical-encymatic gene synthesis may become a standard technique in a molecular biology laboratory, such as DNA sequencing or in-vitro recombination of nucleic acides. We omitted chemical RNA synthesis, since this field is developing so rapidly at the moment that one has to refer to the original publications. However, we included enzymatic synthesis of RNA fragments, procedures which already have obtained a high degree of standardisation. Most of the contributions are revised versions of the protocols supplied for the EMBO sponsored course on "Automated Chemical and Enzymic Gene Synthesis", held in Darmstadt, March 21 to April 3, 1982. The protocols were improved on the basis of the experience of 30 student scientists with chemical, biological or medical backgrounds. Previously omitted procedures, such as the wandering spot method for oligonucleotide analysis, were included. In editing the manuscript we encountered problems with the nomenclature of nucleic acid components. In unambiquous cases we favoured a simple description, hoping for example, that oligodeoxynucleotide is always understood to mean oligo-2'-deoxyribonucleotide. This book aims to provide those interested in DNA/RNA research with state-of-the-art methods in the synthesis, purification, and analysis of DNA and RNA fragments. The editors wish to thank the authors for their efforts in preparing manuscripts from the the revised laboratory protocols. We gratefully acknowledge the skill and the patience of Mrs. E. Ronnfeldt in typing the manuscripts. We express our thanks to Verlag Chemie for the friendly and very efficient cooperation.--H.G. Gassen A. Lang--Darmstadt, in July 1982.

Synthesis And Applications Of DNA And RNA

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Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0323158889
Total Pages : 254 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (231 download)

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Book Synopsis Synthesis And Applications Of DNA And RNA by : Saran Narang

Download or read book Synthesis And Applications Of DNA And RNA written by Saran Narang and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Synthesis and Applications of DNA and RNA discusses the significant contributions in the development of synthetic routes to DNA and RNA. This book contains nine chapters that describe the complexities in the chemistry and biology of DNA and RNA. After briefly dealing with the various stages of development in the chemical synthesis of polynucleotides, this book goes on presenting the DNA synthesis on solid supports and through the phosphoramidite method on silica supports. The discussions then shift to the chemical-enzymatic synthesis of expressed genes; the biochemical aspects of chemical syntheses of oligoribonucleotides; and the methods of rapid DNA and RNA sequence analysis. A chapter specifically tackles the protocols of DNA synthesis using double-stranded plasmid DNA as a template. The final chapter deals with the use of oligonucleotides for the identification and isolation of specific gene sequences. This chapter also covers the use oligonucleotides in the detection of human genetic diseases. Biologists, geneticists, and researchers interested in DNA and RNA synthesis will find this work invaluable.

Enzymatic Synthesis of DNA.

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 128 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (36 download)

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Book Synopsis Enzymatic Synthesis of DNA. by : Arthur Kornberg

Download or read book Enzymatic Synthesis of DNA. written by Arthur Kornberg and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Molecular Biology of The Cell

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780815332183
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (321 download)

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Book Synopsis Molecular Biology of The Cell by : Bruce Alberts

Download or read book Molecular Biology of The Cell written by Bruce Alberts and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Chemical Synthesis in Molecular Biology

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Chemical Synthesis in Molecular Biology by : Helmut Blöcker

Download or read book Chemical Synthesis in Molecular Biology written by Helmut Blöcker and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Protein-DNA recognition: The ineraction of lac. cl and E.coli RNA plymerase with Operators and promotors 1. Rapide solid-phase phosphotriester synthesis of DNA fragments on controlled pore glass and appçication to the preparation of a gene for somatomedin C 13. Cleavage of phosphorothioate-containing oligonucleotides and DNA by restriction endonucleases. Regio-and stereospecific synthesis of 7-Deazapurine 2 - Deoxyribonucleosides and incorporation of nucleooside isosteres into oligonucleotides. Repair-resistant nucleoside analogues in oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis. Total synthesis of yeast alanyl tRNA. Synthesis of 5-Azacytosine 2'-Deoxyribonucleosides, proprerties and biological activity. Synthesis and characterization of a set of four dodecadeoxyribonucleoside Undecaphospates containing 0 - Methylguanine opposite ademine, cytosine, Guanine, and thymine. Chemical synthesis and biological applications of oligodeoxynucleotides containig carcinogen-DNA Adducts: 06-Methylguanine. Biotinylated ologonucleotide hybridization probes: Progress towards a Non-radioactive method for the deiagnosis of human genetic diseases.

Nucleic Acids Synthesis

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Publisher : IRL Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 416 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Nucleic Acids Synthesis by : Hubert Köster

Download or read book Nucleic Acids Synthesis written by Hubert Köster and published by IRL Press. This book was released on 1980 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Mapping and Sequencing the Human Genome

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309038405
Total Pages : 128 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Mapping and Sequencing the Human Genome by : National Research Council

Download or read book Mapping and Sequencing the Human Genome written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1988-01-01 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is growing enthusiasm in the scientific community about the prospect of mapping and sequencing the human genome, a monumental project that will have far-reaching consequences for medicine, biology, technology, and other fields. But how will such an effort be organized and funded? How will we develop the new technologies that are needed? What new legal, social, and ethical questions will be raised? Mapping and Sequencing the Human Genome is a blueprint for this proposed project. The authors offer a highly readable explanation of the technical aspects of genetic mapping and sequencing, and they recommend specific interim and long-range research goals, organizational strategies, and funding levels. They also outline some of the legal and social questions that might arise and urge their early consideration by policymakers.

siRNA Design

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Publisher : Humana Press
ISBN 13 : 9781627031189
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (311 download)

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Book Synopsis siRNA Design by : Debra J. Taxman

Download or read book siRNA Design written by Debra J. Taxman and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2012-10-02 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The discovery of RNA interference (RNAi) as a methodology for gene silencing has revolutionized biological research, providing an invaluable avenue for therapeutics, and small interfering RNA (siRNA) is the most common strategy utilized for enacting RNAi. siRNA Design: Methods and Protocols offers expertly crafted guidelines and protocols for the selection of siRNA targeting sequences, for the strategic incorporation of chemical modifications, and for advantageous structural modifications to the classic siRNA design. Protocols are provided for using endogenous cellular machinery to produce siRNA from optimized precursor short hairpin RNA (shRNA) and artificial microRNA (amiRNA) molecules. Strategies are also described for specific applications such as immunostimulatory siRNA that may provide therapeutic benefit against viral infections in mammals, the simultaneous targeting of multiple siRNAs, and siRNA-mediated crop virus resistance. The design of RNAi for gene silencing in embryonic, invertebrate, and plant systems requires a variety of unique approaches, several of which are described towards the end of this volume. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series, this work contains the kind of detailed description and implementation advice that guarantees successful results. Authoritative and easy to use, siRNA Design: Methods and Protocols will provide researchers, educators, clinicians, and biotech specialists with a broad understanding of the issues in RNAi and how they can be overcome strategically through design.

Biotechnology: Potentials and Limitations

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642705359
Total Pages : 315 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (427 download)

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Book Synopsis Biotechnology: Potentials and Limitations by : S. Silver

Download or read book Biotechnology: Potentials and Limitations written by S. Silver and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: hurdle will be in the latter area. The technological hurdles will be formi dable but will not limit what happens: once the basic ideas are available, the technology will be developed. The unique part of biotechnology will be to imagine what the possibilities are. There was a discussion in several of the groups on the problems of intro ducing a novel science into a social and economic context. What biotech nologists are learning on this matter is not novel, although that does not make it any less important or difficult. People in the development of elec tronics and computers, in the pharmaceutical industry, and in many other types of industry that have grown from university research have had to face these problems in the past. It is the old situation of having to reinvent the wheel again and again. There is one aspect on which biotechnology seems to have handled this inherent difficulty better than some of our predecessor technologies: the people in the biotechnology companies by and large take a rather academic approach to free communication with one another at meetings such as this and open publication of many of their basic findings in the literature. This seems unique and certainly is different from the experience of the recent Silicone Valley Industry, which in other ways tries to emulate an academic environment, but not in open and free publication.

A Handbook for DNA-Encoded Chemistry

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118487680
Total Pages : 495 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (184 download)

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Book Synopsis A Handbook for DNA-Encoded Chemistry by : Robert A. Goodnow, Jr.

Download or read book A Handbook for DNA-Encoded Chemistry written by Robert A. Goodnow, Jr. and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-04-28 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprehensively describes the development and practice of DNA-encoded library synthesis technology. Together, the chapters detail an approach to drug discovery that offers an attractive addition to the portfolio of existing hit generation technologies such as high-throughput screening, structure-based drug discovery and fragment-based screening. The book: Provides a valuable guide for understanding and applying DNA-encoded combinatorial chemistry Helps chemists generate and screen novel chemical libraries of large size and quality Bridges interdisciplinary areas of DNA-encoded combinatorial chemistry – synthetic and analytical chemistry, molecular biology, informatics, and biochemistry Shows medicinal and pharmaceutical chemists how to efficiently broaden available “chemical space” for drug discovery Provides expert and up-to-date summary of reported literature for DNA-encoded and DNA-directed chemistry technology and methods

Enzymatic and Chemical Synthesis of Nucleic Acid Derivatives

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527343768
Total Pages : 348 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (273 download)

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Book Synopsis Enzymatic and Chemical Synthesis of Nucleic Acid Derivatives by : Jesús Fernández Lucas

Download or read book Enzymatic and Chemical Synthesis of Nucleic Acid Derivatives written by Jesús Fernández Lucas and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-04-29 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A review of innovative tools for creative nucleic acid chemists that open the door to novel probes and therapeutic agents Nucleic acids continue to gain importance as novel diagnostic and therapeutic agents. With contributions from noted scientists and scholars, Enzymatic and Chemical Synthesis of Nucleic Acid Derivatives is a practical reference that includes a wide range of approaches for the synthesis of designer nucleic acids and their derivatives. The book covers enzymatic (including chemo-enzymatic) methods, with a focus on the synthesis and incorporation of modified nucleosides. The authors also offer a review of innovative approaches for the non-enzymatic chemical synthesis of nucleic acids and their analogs and derivatives, highlighting especially challenging species. The book offers a concise review of the methods that prepare novel and heavily modified polynucleotides in sufficient amount and purity for most clinical and research applications. This important book: -Presents a timely and topical guide to the synthesis of designer nucleic acids and their derivatives -Addresses the growing market for nucleotide-derived pharmaceuticals used as anti-infectives and chemotherapeutic agents, as well as fungicides and other agrochemicals. -Covers novel methods and the most recent trends in the field -Contains contributions from an international panel of noted scientistics Written for biochemists, medicinal chemists, natural products chemists, organic chemists, and biotechnologists, Enzymatic and Chemical Synthesis of Nucleic Acid Derivatives is a practice-oriented guide that reviews innovative methods for the enzymatic as well as non-enzymatic synthesis of nucleic acid species.

Synthesis and Characterization of Glycosides

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030978540
Total Pages : 543 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (39 download)

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Book Synopsis Synthesis and Characterization of Glycosides by : Marco Brito-Arias

Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Glycosides written by Marco Brito-Arias and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-04-22 with total page 543 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This third edition is a comprehensive and extended study about the best known approaches for preparing the main types of glycosides, covering the classic and more recent glycosylation reactions used for preparing simple and challenging glycosides currently used as potent antiviral and antineoplastic drugs, or fluorogenic substrates used for enzymatic detection in cell biology. Besides, this new edition provides more examples of the glycosidic methodologies followed for preparing complex glycoconjugates such as glycoproteins and glycosphingolipids and gangliosides used as adjuvants or as synthetic vaccines candidates. Also, additional mechanistic evidence is presented for better understanding of the glycosylation reaction, trying to identify the variables mainly depending on protecting and leaving groups, as well as catalyst and reaction condition which altogether directs the anomeric stereo control. A chapter on the glycoside hydrolysis is included in view of the increasing interest in the use of biomass as a natural and renewable source for obtaining important intermediates or products used in food or valuable materials. The author includes information in the characterization of glycosides section with the aim of giving additional tools for the structural assignment through NMR, X-Ray and mass spectra techniques.

Microbial Cell Factories Engineering for Production of Biomolecules

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Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128214783
Total Pages : 490 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (282 download)

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Book Synopsis Microbial Cell Factories Engineering for Production of Biomolecules by : Vijai Singh

Download or read book Microbial Cell Factories Engineering for Production of Biomolecules written by Vijai Singh and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-02-13 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbial Cell Factories Engineering for Production of Biomolecules presents a compilation of chapters written by eminent scientists worldwide. Sections cover major tools and technologies for DNA synthesis, design of biosynthetic pathways, synthetic biology tools, biosensors, cell-free systems, computer-aided design, OMICS tools, CRISPR/Cas systems, and many more. Although it is not easy to find relevant information collated in a single volume, the book covers the production of a wide range of biomolecules from several MCFs, including Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas putida, Streptomyces, Corynebacterium, Cyanobacteria, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Pichia pastoris and Yarrowia lipolytica, and algae, among many others. This will be an excellent platform from which scientific knowledge can grow and widen in MCF engineering research for the production of biomolecules. Needless to say, the book is a valuable source of information not only for researchers designing cell factories, but also for students, metabolic engineers, synthetic biologists, genome engineers, industrialists, stakeholders and policymakers interested in harnessing the potential of MCFs in several fields. Offers basic understanding and a clear picture of various MCFs Explains several tools and technologies, including DNA synthesis, synthetic biology tools, genome editing, biosensors, computer-aided design, and OMICS tools, among others Harnesses the potential of engineered MCFs to produce a wide range of biomolecules for industrial, therapeutic, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical and biotechnological applications Highlights the advances, challenges, and future opportunities in designing MCFs

National Library of Medicine Current Catalog

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 988 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis National Library of Medicine Current Catalog by : National Library of Medicine (U.S.)

Download or read book National Library of Medicine Current Catalog written by National Library of Medicine (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on with total page 988 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Current Protocols in Nucleic Acid Chemistry

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Publisher : Current Protocols
ISBN 13 : 9780471246626
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (466 download)

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Book Synopsis Current Protocols in Nucleic Acid Chemistry by : Serge L. Beaucage

Download or read book Current Protocols in Nucleic Acid Chemistry written by Serge L. Beaucage and published by Current Protocols. This book was released on 2000 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Good methods must be reliable, well-tested, and honed to minimize the time and expense required to achieve the desired results. CPNC provides a continuously growing and evolving set of protocols that allows researchers to benefit from the experience of other researchers around the world. The core manual provides a comprehensive set of protocols that have been compiled, revised, and streamlined over the last 6 years. Quarterly updates provide new protocols in emerging areas of research as well as continued advances and new applications for fundamental methods. The book is designed to grow and change with the field of nucleic acid chemistry. Fundamental nucleoside chemistry methods include sugar-base condensation, phosphorylation, and nucleoside protection. Methods for oligonucleotide synthesis include H-phosphonate and phosphoramidite approaches, solid-phase and solution-phase synthesis, large-scale synthesis, synthesis for modified and unmodified oligonucleotides, conjugation of oligonucleotides, synthesis without base protection, and synthesis on microarrays. More specialized synthetic methods include synthesis of biologically active nucleosides and prodrugs. Purification and characterization methods are detailed. Advanced methods include biophysical analysis, combinatorial methods, and nanotechnology. Each protocol includes rationale for choosing appropriate methods, step-by-step procedures, complete recipes, anticipated results, characterization data, and troubleshooting, as well as background and recommended reading. The level of procedural detail is far beyond that found in the research literature, and tips and comments from authors are geared towards ensuring reliable duplication in the laboratory.

Chemical Synthesis of Nucleoside Analogues

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118498100
Total Pages : 859 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (184 download)

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Book Synopsis Chemical Synthesis of Nucleoside Analogues by : Pedro Merino

Download or read book Chemical Synthesis of Nucleoside Analogues written by Pedro Merino and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-02-12 with total page 859 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Compiles current tested and proven approaches to synthesize novel nucleoside analogues Featuring contributions from leading synthetic chemists from around the world, this book brings together and describes tested and proven approaches for the chemical synthesis of common families of nucleoside analogues. Readers will learn to create new nucleoside analogues with desired therapeutic properties by using a variety of methods to chemically modify natural nucleosides, including: Changes to the heterocyclic base Modification of substituents at the sugar ring Replacement of the furanose ring by a different carbo- or heterocyclic ring Introduction of conformational restrictions Synthesis of enantiomers Preparation of hydrolitically stable C-nucleosides Chemical Synthesis of Nucleoside Analogues covers all the major classes of nucleosides, including pronucleotides, C-nucleosides, carbanucleosides, and PNA monomers which have shown great promise as starting points for the synthesis of nucleoside analogues. The book also includes experimental procedures for key reactions related to the synthesis of nucleoside analogues, providing a valuable tool for the preparation of a number of different compounds. Throughout the book, chemical schemes and figures help readers better understand the chemical structures of nucleoside analogues and the methods used to synthesize them. Extensive references serve as a gateway to the growing body of original research studies and reviews in the field. Synthetically modified nucleosides have proven their value as therapeutic drugs, in particular as antiviral and antitumor agents. However, many of these nucleoside analogues have undesirable side effects. With Chemical Synthesis of Nucleoside Analogues as their guide, researchers have a new tool for synthesizing a new generation of nucleoside analogues that can be used as therapeutic drugs with fewer unwanted side effects.

Modified Nucleic Acids in Biology and Medicine

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319341758
Total Pages : 453 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (193 download)

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Book Synopsis Modified Nucleic Acids in Biology and Medicine by : Stefan Jurga

Download or read book Modified Nucleic Acids in Biology and Medicine written by Stefan Jurga and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-29 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is comprised of 18 chapters, covering various aspects of DNA modification and RNA modified bases. It also discusses in detail circular RNA, therapeutic oligonucleotides and their different properties. The chemical nature of DNA, RNA, protein and lipids makes these macromolecules easily modifiable, but they are also susceptible to damage from both endogenous and exogenous agents. Alkylation and oxidation show a potential to disrupt the cellular redox equilibrium and cause cellular damage leading to inflammation and even chronic disease. Furthermore, DNA damage can drive mutagenesis and the resulting DNA sequence changes can induce carcinogenesis and cancer progression. Modified nucleosides can occur as a result of oxidative DNA damage and RNA turnover, and are used as markers for various diseases. To function properly some RNA needs to be chemically modified post-transcriptionally. Dysregulation of the RNA-modification pattern or of the levels of the enzymes that catalyze these modifications alters RNA functionality and can result in complex phenotypes, likely due to defects in protein translation. While modifications are best characterized in noncoding ribonucleic acids like tRNA and rRNA, coding mRNAs have also been found to contain modified nucleosides. This book is a valuable resource, not only for graduate students but also researchers in the fields of molecular medicine and molecular biology.