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Characterizing The Habitat And Diving Behavior Of Satellite Tagged Blue Whales Balaenoptera Musculus Off California
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Book Synopsis Characterizing the Habitat and Diving Behavior of Satellite-tagged Blue Whales (Balaenoptera Musculus) Off California by : Ladd Irvine
Download or read book Characterizing the Habitat and Diving Behavior of Satellite-tagged Blue Whales (Balaenoptera Musculus) Off California written by Ladd Irvine and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study was designed to identify and characterize areas of concentrated use and diving behavior of blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus) off the California coast. During the summer of 2004, thirteen blue whales were tagged with implantable Telonics ST-15 Argos satellite-monitored radio tags and five were tagged with Telonics ST-21 Argos satellite-monitored depth of dive tags. Tag duration averaged 100 d with a total of 2159 locations recorded. Whales generally remained near the continental slope and were most often found at the west end of the Santa Barbara Channel, near the Gulf of the Farallones, or between Cape Mendocino and Cape Blanco. Analysis of the 95% kernel density distributions of whale locations showed a one degree increase in sea surface temperature (SST) was correlated with a decrease in whale density by 7% (p
Book Synopsis Dive characteristics of satellite-monitored blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus) off the central California coast by : B.A. LAGERQUIST
Download or read book Dive characteristics of satellite-monitored blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus) off the central California coast written by B.A. LAGERQUIST and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Using New Tag Attachments to Study Humpback Whale Fine-scale Spatiotemporal Dive Behavior, Habitat Use, and Reaction to Ships Off Northern California by : Angela Renee Szesciorka
Download or read book Using New Tag Attachments to Study Humpback Whale Fine-scale Spatiotemporal Dive Behavior, Habitat Use, and Reaction to Ships Off Northern California written by Angela Renee Szesciorka and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the foraging behavior of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) is important for ethology and monitoring ecosystem-level health. Because humpback whales are generalist foragers, regional dive differences should reveal information about prey preference and availability. Any external influences of foraging behavior has important conservation implications because disruptions to foraging may impact individual fitness. From 2013 to 2014, I opportunistically tagged 22 humpback whales and 12 blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus) to test eight tag attachments, which were used to study the fine-scale dive behavior of humpback whales in four regions off California, and when they encountered ships. Four-barb tag configurations remained on the longest with no difference in reaction and no infection; however, some breakage occurred. Whales in Bodega Canyon and on the continental break/slope made deeper, longer foraging dives to feed on krill, while whales in Monterey Bay and on the continental shelf foraged in shallow waters on more fish species. Encounters between ships and whales showed changes to overall dive behavior depending on dive type, but responses varied. Whales, mostly juveniles and injured whales, were more at risk in the upper 50 m of the water column during the daytime. This study provided insight into how humpback whale dive behavior differenced among regions and how ship encounters affected dive behavior.
Book Synopsis Blue Whale Acoustic Behavior Off Southern California by : Leah Allison Lewis
Download or read book Blue Whale Acoustic Behavior Off Southern California written by Leah Allison Lewis and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The acoustic repertoire of the Northeast Pacific population of blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus) consists of three different sounds: A, B, and D calls. The pulsed A and tonal B calls can be produced singularly or in phrases or songs, while downswept D calls are only produced as singular calls. Although these sounds have been well described, the behavioral context of sound production is poorly understood. To investigate spatial and temporal variability in blue whale call and song usage off southern California, passive acoustic data collected from four High-Frequency Acoustic Recording Packages (HARPs) were analyzed. The acoustic and dive profile data collected through tags deployed on blue whales were also analyzed to describe the behavioral context of sound production. Singular call and phrase production rates were calculated to assess variability in sound type abundances on different spatial, temporal and behavioral scales. Distinct differences in song type preference were apparent, with offshore sites featuring songs comprised of multiple sequential B units following a single A, while inshore, A and B units alternated. Most blue whale sounds were produced during the summer and fall. The majority of all sounds produced by tagged blue whales occurred during non-lunging dives at shallow depths (less than 30 m). Song production was associated with shallow, non-lunging dives, while singular calls often occurred during lunging dives or bouts of surface behavior. The observed differences in blue whale acoustic behavior off southern California will aid in the development of context specific rates for future models of density estimation.
Book Synopsis A Preliminary Investigation Into the Ecology and Behavior of Blue Whales (Balaenoptera Musculus) in the Gulf of Corcovado, Chile by : Alessandro Bocconcelli
Download or read book A Preliminary Investigation Into the Ecology and Behavior of Blue Whales (Balaenoptera Musculus) in the Gulf of Corcovado, Chile written by Alessandro Bocconcelli and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A joint effort between WHOI and the Melimoyu Ecosystem Research Institute (MERI) sought to gain a better understanding of a population of blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus) in the Gulf of Corcovado, Chile. A cruise in March 2014 resulted in the deployment of 5 DTAGs, which are miniature sound and orientation recording tags that are attached via suction cups. A total of five tag deployments on four individual whales were achieved, totaling 21 hr 11 min. Dives were predominantly between 10 and 50 m in depth, with a maximum of 139 m. Sloughed skin found on the suction cups of recovered tags and fecal samples were preserved to be used for genetic, dietary and pollutant analyses. Acoustic data on the tags revealed numerous calls from distant blue whales, and an apparent call exchange was recorded between a tagged juvenile whale and a distant animal. Photo-identification images and acoustic recordings of all marine mammal species encountered were obtained whenever possible; these included humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae), Peale's dolphins (Lagenorhynchus australis), Chilean dolphins (Cephalorhynchus eutropia), and bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus). Continuation of this collaboration has great potential to provide information to policy makers regarding how to protect the unique habitats in this region.
Book Synopsis Calling Behavior of Blue and Fin Whales Off California by : Erin Marie Oleson
Download or read book Calling Behavior of Blue and Fin Whales Off California written by Erin Marie Oleson and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Blue Whale Ecology and Behavior in a Human-impacted Marine Ecosystem by : Angela Renee Szesciorka
Download or read book Blue Whale Ecology and Behavior in a Human-impacted Marine Ecosystem written by Angela Renee Szesciorka and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To avoid missing peak prey abundances, blue whales must detect available environmental cues and time migration by shifting arrival or departure dates to/from feeding grounds and balancing the time they spend foraging versus breeding. Blue whale feeding habitat overlaps with dense vessel traffic, making them vulnerable to vessel strikes--the leading cause of human mortality for blue whales off Southern California. Any changes to migration timing that increase residence time on the feeding grounds may increase vessel strike risk. The contextual factors influencing vessel strike risk are poorly understood and uncertainty remains about whale behavioral response to vessels. Understanding those interactions is important in preventing vessel strikes. Here, I investigated the timing and drivers of blue whale migration and blue whale-vessel interactions using seafloor- and animal-mounted acoustic devices. This allowed me to (a) examine the relationship among migration timing (inferred from blue whale "D" and "B" calls), environmental indices (e.g., sea surface temperature anomalies), and prey (spring krill biomass from annual net tow surveys) during a 10 year period (2008-2017) off Southern California and (b) assess vessel, environmental, and whale contextual variables associated with 216 close passages (2 km) between 174 vessels and 35 tagged whales and look for differences and uniqueness in dive behavior resulting from close passages. Colder sea surface temperature anomalies the previous season were correlated with greater krill biomass the following year, and earlier arrival by blue whales, demonstrating a plastic response of whales to interannual variability and the importance of krill as a driving force behind migration timing. By the end of the 10-year period, whales were arriving at the feeding grounds more than one month earlier, suggesting climate change has led to blue whales extending their overall time in Southern California. None of the contextual variables showed any relationship with close passage distance with vessels. Whales did not leave the area, even when passages were chronic (5/day), and we found no evidence of behavioral response. With no evidence of behavioral responses to close vessel passages, we need to continue managing vessel traffic under the assumption that whales do not avoid vessels.
Book Synopsis Dive Characteristics of Northeast Pacific Blue Whales (Balaenoptera Musculus) Monitored by Satellite Telemetry by : Barbara A. Lagerquist
Download or read book Dive Characteristics of Northeast Pacific Blue Whales (Balaenoptera Musculus) Monitored by Satellite Telemetry written by Barbara A. Lagerquist and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Habitats Important to Blue Whales (Balaenoptera Musculus) in the Western North Atlantic by : V. Lesage
Download or read book Habitats Important to Blue Whales (Balaenoptera Musculus) in the Western North Atlantic written by V. Lesage and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Marine Mammals Ashore by : Joseph R. Geraci
Download or read book Marine Mammals Ashore written by Joseph R. Geraci and published by National Aquarium in Baltimore. This book was released on 2005 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive manual for understanding and carrying out marine mammal rescue activities for stranded seals, manatees, dolphins, whales, or sea otters.
Book Synopsis Ethology and Behavioral Ecology of Odontocetes by : Bernd Würsig
Download or read book Ethology and Behavioral Ecology of Odontocetes written by Bernd Würsig and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-08-02 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book concentrates on the marine mammalian group of Odontocetes, the toothed whales, dolphins, and porpoises. In 23 chapters, a total of 40 authors describe general patterns of ethological concepts of odontocetes in their natural environments, with a strong bent towards behavioral ecology. Examples are given of particularly well-studied species and species groups for which enough data exist, especially from the past 15 years. The aim is to give a modern flavor of present knowledge of ethology and behavior of generally large-brained behaviorally flexible mammals that have evolved quite separately from social mammals on land. As well, the plight of populations and species due to humans is described in multiple chapters, with the goal that an understanding of behavior can help to solve or alleviate at least some human-made problems.
Book Synopsis Habitat Use of Calling Baleen Whales in the Southern California Current Ecosystem by : Elizabeth Tram Anh Vu
Download or read book Habitat Use of Calling Baleen Whales in the Southern California Current Ecosystem written by Elizabeth Tram Anh Vu and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The extent to which temporal, spatial, environmental, and physiological factors influence baleen whale acoustic occurrence was investigated in the southern California Current Ecosystem, a highly productive, upwelling-driven ecosystem that hosts a large abundance of top predators. By combining data sets from ten years of passive acoustic monitoring and concurrent environmental sampling, this dissertation presents detailed intra-annual and mesoscale spatial patterns previously unknown. Analyses of temporal acoustic patterns revealed different acoustic occupancy by three species: blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus), humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae), and fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus). The temporal separation between blue whale feeding and breeding call types showed a shift between behavioral states throughout the year. The temporal separation between blue and humpback whale reproductive calls showed different displays of reproductive calling behavior despite their overlapping migratory and seasonal reproductive cycles. Spatial patterns revealed different onshore and offshore occupancy, dependent on season, for each species. The reconciliation between acoustic and visual seasonal abundance demonstrated an increase in individual-level acoustic reproductive display during or approaching the mating season of each species. Analyses of habitat factors on call types from each species identified association of seasonality, bathymetry, sea surface temperature, and mixed layer depth with calling behavior. Generalized additive mixed models of acoustic calling revealed significant responses to seasonality and bathymetry at three different spatial scales, indicating the importance of these factors in explaining baleen whale distribution at broad scales. Lastly, a possible physiological driver of acoustic behavior was investigated by quantifying seasonal hormone concentrations in humpback whale blubber. The results of this research advance scientific understanding of yearlong acoustic cetacean occurrence in a productive oceanographic habitat and provide additional insight into the reproduction and migration of these species.
Book Synopsis Characterization of Blue Whale Calls from the Northeast Pacific and Development of a Matched Filter to Locate Blue Whales on the U.S. Navy SOSUS (SOund SUrveillance System) Arrays by : Kathleen Mary Stafford
Download or read book Characterization of Blue Whale Calls from the Northeast Pacific and Development of a Matched Filter to Locate Blue Whales on the U.S. Navy SOSUS (SOund SUrveillance System) Arrays written by Kathleen Mary Stafford and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus) are the largest of the baleen whales. Blue whale calls were recorded off the coast of California in fall, 1993 and measured for frequency and time characteristics. On average, blue whale calls lasted 16 s, swept down from 18.9 to 17.3 Hz and were repeated every 38 s. These results are similar to blue whale calls recorded elsewhere in that they possess a frequency downsweep component which lasts from 16-18 s. Ambient noise levels in the ocean due to sources such as wind, waves or shipping can make it difficult to detect blue whale calls in raw hydrophone data. The characteristics of the blue whale calls recorded in the field were sufficiently similar to design a matched filter (kernel) to automatically detect calls obscured by ambient noise. This filter worked well at identifying blue whale calls when applied to the data from which it was derived and on data from the U.S. Navy's SOSUS (SOund SUrveillance System) array. The U.S. Navy has been monitoring low-frequency sounds in the northeast Pacific using bottom-mounted hydrophone arrays since the mid- 1950's. The use of this system was extended to the study of low-frequency whale calls. By applying the matched filter developed from field data to each of three hydrophone arrays and using location algorithms developed for seismic work, it was possible to pick the same call on each array and determine its location by examining the arrival time differences at each hydrophone and comparing this to a predefined location. To confirm the validity of these locations, a ground-truthing experiment was conducted whereby a Navy P-3 aircraft was given locations determined with the matched filter to try to visually and/or acoustically locate blue whales off the Oregon coast. Other locations were determined for 10 days in July and August, 1994.
Book Synopsis Marine Mammal Ecology and Conservation by : Ian L. Boyd
Download or read book Marine Mammal Ecology and Conservation written by Ian L. Boyd and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2010-08-12 with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much of our knowledge about marine mammals is derived from a long-term and dedicated research effort that is evolving rapidly due to the introduction and invention of new methods.This book reflects the inventiveness of marine researchers as they try to find ways around the problems presented to them by these unusual and challenging animals.
Book Synopsis Hearing by Whales and Dolphins by : Whitlow W.L. Au
Download or read book Hearing by Whales and Dolphins written by Whitlow W.L. Au and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 499 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here, experts in different areas of the field provide an overview of the bioacoustics of whales and dolphins as well as a thorough introduction to the subject for investigators of hearing in other animals. Topics covered include the structure and function of cetacean auditory systems, the unique sound production system of odontocetes, acoustic communication, psychoacoustics, echolocation and models of sound propagation.
Book Synopsis Using Blue Whale (Balaenoptera Musculus) Photographic-identification Sightings to Assess Potential Vessel-whale Encounters in the Santa Barbara Channel by : Kelli Faye Stingle
Download or read book Using Blue Whale (Balaenoptera Musculus) Photographic-identification Sightings to Assess Potential Vessel-whale Encounters in the Santa Barbara Channel written by Kelli Faye Stingle and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2007 six blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus) were found dead in the Southern California Bight with four of the deaths resulting from vessel strikes. To reduce the spatial overlap of vessels and whales, the United States Coast Guard proposed shifting the southern Santa Barbara Channel shipping lane north by one nmi. We used sighting rate predictions from generalized additive models to assess potential vessel-whale encounters in the current and proposed traffic separation schemes. Sightings were collected during coastal-based photo-identification surveys between June - November from 2001 to 2009. In total, 11,037 km of track-line was searched, yielding 602 sightings of 393 uniquely identified blue whales. Whales were strongly associated with spatial covariates and bathymetric features, with the highest sighting rates predicted in close proximity to the shelf edge on steep south facing slopes and shallow northeast facing slopes. The proposed traffic separation scheme could reduce potential vessel-whale encounters by 15%.
Book Synopsis YOUMARES 8 – Oceans Across Boundaries: Learning from each other by : Simon Jungblut
Download or read book YOUMARES 8 – Oceans Across Boundaries: Learning from each other written by Simon Jungblut and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-29 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book presents the proceedings volume of the YOUMARES 8 conference, which took place in Kiel, Germany, in September 2017, supported by the German Association for Marine Sciences (DGM). The YOUMARES conference series is entirely bottom-up organized by and for YOUng MARine RESearchers. Qualified early career scientists moderated the scientific sessions during the conference and provided literature reviews on aspects of their research field. These reviews and the presenters’ conference abstracts are compiled here. Thus, this book discusses highly topical fields of marine research and aims to act as a source of knowledge and inspiration for further reading and research.
