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Characterize Physical And Chemical Properties Of Manure In California Dairy Systems To Improve Greenhouse Gas Emission Estimates
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Book Synopsis Characterize Physical and Chemical Properties of Manure in California Dairy Systems to Improve Greenhouse Gas Emission Estimates by : Deanne Morse Meyer
Download or read book Characterize Physical and Chemical Properties of Manure in California Dairy Systems to Improve Greenhouse Gas Emission Estimates written by Deanne Morse Meyer and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Physicochemical Transformations of Manure to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Improve Nutrient Use, and Minimize Environmental Impacts of Dairy Operations by : Rylie Jo Ellison
Download or read book Physicochemical Transformations of Manure to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Improve Nutrient Use, and Minimize Environmental Impacts of Dairy Operations written by Rylie Jo Ellison and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Storage and agricultural applications of manure often result in significant loss of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus to the environment through volatilization and leaching. In California, manure management is estimated to be the largest source of greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture, mainly as methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), with dairy operations being a key contributor. One of the main challenges with using animal wastes as nutrient sources is the unpredictable nitrogen mineralization rate for crop uptake. Many dairies limit application of manure organic nitrogen to prevent groundwater contamination. With a large range of dairy sizes and types of manure management systems in California, there is also a need for a variety of manure treatment technologies to address these problems. Treatments examined in this dissertation are two physicochemical techniques: chemical solid-liquid separation (coagulation) and hydrodynamic cavitation with chemical stabilization. Physically and chemically transforming animal wastes to exhibit a predictable nitrogen mineralization response is an important research and development priority. Generating a stabilized and easily transportable fertilizer from manure can help reduce environmental concerns related to on-farm nutrient management and enhance the economic feasibility for dairies. Enhancing solid-liquid separation with chemical coagulants traditionally used in wastewater treatment can isolate dissolved and particulate organic matter and phosphorus from manure into stabilized solids (flocs) while leaving the plant-available ammonium-N in the liquid fraction (effluent). In this research, a range of coagulants, including metal salts and organic polymers were tested with multiple dairy process wastewaters. The effects of chemical coagulation on the composition of the separated manure fractions, and the resulting impact on greenhouse gases and nutrient cycling are extensively explored through a series of laboratory incubations of manure effluents and manure-amended soils. Anaerobic incubations of the effluent fractions were performed to determine how both removing coagulated solids from manure process wastewater or leaving coagulated manure flocs in anaerobic storage affects greenhouse gases, CH4 in particular. This simulates how greenhouse gases from anaerobic storage ponds, or lagoons, on dairies would be affected by this treatment practice. In each incubation, regardless of coagulant type or separation of solids, CH4, and/or CO2 and N2O were significantly reduced. Several aerobic soil incubations simulated how adding coagulated manure flocs or effluents would impact the nutrient cycling of chemically separated manures applied to agricultural soils. Coagulation generally tended to stabilize organic matter, and slow C, N, and P mineralization of the solid floc fraction, depending on the type of coagulant used. This could potentially increase C sequestration and reduce nutrient runoff on dairies; however, farmers would need to manage for less nutrient availability. Lastly, the potential for hydrodynamic cavitation to be employed in a dairy manure treatment system was explored. The effects of hydrodynamic cavitation on manure were to break down organic matter and increase nitrogen availability, which could help in regulating the rate of nitrogen mineralization from manure. Hydrodynamic cavitation is also used for sterilization, which could be another benefit for manure applications. However, further work is needed to determine the efficacy of hydrodynamic cavitation for treating manure at a larger scale.
Book Synopsis Carbon prices and the adoption of methane digesters on dairy and hog farms by : Nigel David Key
Download or read book Carbon prices and the adoption of methane digesters on dairy and hog farms written by Nigel David Key and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Quantifying Impact of Diet on Enteric Methane Emissions and Manure Nutrient Dynamics in Dairy Cattle by : Mutian Niu
Download or read book Quantifying Impact of Diet on Enteric Methane Emissions and Manure Nutrient Dynamics in Dairy Cattle written by Mutian Niu and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global food demand is increasing with the greater population in the world, and people are at risk of hunger without climate change mitigation. Emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) have a significant impact on climate change globally, which poses a major and growing threat to global food security. The GHG emissions from livestock account for 14.5% of global anthropogenic emission, in which, enteric methane (CH4) emissions from ruminants (mainly from beef and dairy cattle production) are shown to be the major contributors (Gerber et al., 2013). In addition, production of CH4 and nitrous oxide from manure storage, grazing, and forage production. According to 2013 estimates, dairy cattle generated approximate 13% of agricultural GHG emission through enteric CH4 production and manure management along in U.S. (USDA, 2016). Furthermore, dairy production also contributes to the release of reactive nitrogen (N) into the environment, which can have negative impacts on water quality and alter the physical structure of ecosystems, which can have cascading effects in the environment (Pardo et al., 2015). Therefore, research is required to have a further understanding in this area, in order to take proper mitigation actions. In this context, the author approached such goals through five research studies including both animal or field experiments and statistical modeling projects. A brief description of each research experiment is given as follow. The objective of the first experiment was to determine the effect of dietary crude protein (CP) and forage contents on enteric CH4 emissions and N excretion from dairy cows simultaneously as described in Chapter 1. In particular, the interaction between dietary CP and energy on enteric CH4 emission and N excretion in lactating dairy cows fed a total mixed ration based on alfalfa hay was investigated. The experiment demonstrated no interactions between dietary CP and forage contents on enteric CH4 production of dairy cows, however, CH4 production and N excretions in lactating dairy cows can be independently reduced by reducing dietary forage and dietary CP contents, respectively. Following the in vivo experiment, fresh fecal samples were collected directly from dairy cows. The objective of the second experiment was to quantify the impacts of dietary forage and CP levels on the excretion and prevalence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Listeria spp. in dairy cattle feces as describe in Chapter 2. In addition, the concentration of different pathogens over the course of a day was characterized. The experiment demonstrated that dietary forage and CP content in animal feed have the potential to influence the fecal shedding of pathogens in dairy cattle. Carryover from the in vivo experiment, all available manure from the sample collection periods were stored using different manure storage methods for 6 months in the third experiment as stated in Chapter 3. The objective of the experiment was to evaluate the effects of dietary mitigation strategies to reduce both enteric CH4 production and N excretion on nutrient dynamics of manures stored in common western production practices. In addition, the short-term nutrient availability and update in soil amended with manures following storage, by barley, was evaluated. Furthermore, the overall system N use efficiencies of the dietary changes were determined. Turning manures during storage reduced the loss of both C and N, compared to both slurry and static piled manures, however, the availability of the N in the turned pile treatment was less than from the static pile and slurry treatments. In addition, feeding a lower CP diet increased the system N use efficiency when accounting for losses during excretion and storage in dairy farming system. The fourth project is outlined in Chapter 4. In this project, we collated a global database of enteric CH4 production containing more than 5,000 lactating dairy cow records from 15 countries around the world, consequently, developed both global and regional prediction equations for CH4 production (g/d per cow), CH4 yield (g/kg dry matter intake [DMI]), and CH4 intensity (g/kg energy corrected milk [ECM]) of different complexities. We aimed to identify key predictor variables for CH4 emissions and characterize their relationships to CH4 production, yield, and intensity were identified. In addition, the trade-off between model complexity and prediction accuracy of enteric CH4 production in dairy cows was assessed. Furthermore, robust enteric CH4 inventory and mitigation options for dairy farming system were provided through the prediction modeling outcomes. The study demonstrated an increasing trend of model predictive ability for enteric CH4 production of lactating dairy cows with increasing model complexity. For enteric CH4 production, DMI is the most important predictor variable, whereas its impact on CH4 yield and CH4 intensity is insignificant. In addition, results also indicated that the development of enteric CH4 prediction models should be made on regional basis. The fifth project was a follow-up modeling project of the previous study which is outlined in Chapter 5. The objective of this project is to develop regional enteric CH4 production prediction (g/d per cow) models of multiple complexities and study the trade-off between model complexity and their predictive ability using non-parametric statistical models and to characterize the potential nonlinear relationships between predictor variables and enteric CH4 production of lactating dairy cattle. The improvement on model predictive ability on enteric CH4 production was not observed by using generalized additive mixed model compared to linear mixed effect model approach.
Book Synopsis Monitoring of Stored Dairy Manure by : Gudmundur H. Johannesson
Download or read book Monitoring of Stored Dairy Manure written by Gudmundur H. Johannesson and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although animal manures are traditionally viewed as a valuable resource material, there is also a risk for adverse environmental effect from manure generation and utilization. Research was conducted into impacts of common liquid dairy manure storage practices in Canada on methane emissions as well as nutrient composition changes during storage. Further investigation evaluated liquid dairy manure as feedstock for biogas production along with off-farm organic waste. During 17-month continuous on-farm monitoring of stored liquid dairy manure CH4 fluxes varied diurnally, monthly and seasonally, the variability largely regulated by measured internal manure temperatures, particularly at 2 m depth. Peak fluxes occurred in summer and fall seasons, increasing from July to September, falling in October and November, and remained constantly minimal from December to June. From September 2010 to August 2011, 85% of CH4 emissions occurred in summer and fall while 15% took place during winter and spring. Estimated emissions using IPCC methodology varied between months by 357% below to 88% above measured emissions, but on an annual basis the measured emission were 3.8% higher than the IPCC estimate. Monitoring of changes in manure composition during 12-month manure storage showed temporal changes and high variability in volatile solids (VS), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and volatile fatty acid (VFA) contents. These changes reflect biological activity levels that were a function of location within the tank and depended on meteorological factors such as temperature and precipitation. Nitrogen losses amounted to 0.32%-0.35% TKN per day or about 10% per month. Biochemical methane potential (BMP) assay of liquid Dairy manure (LDM) in co-digestion with poultry manure (SPM) and dissolved air flotation waste (DAF) showed maximum specific CH4 yield (SMY) of 0.40 L g-1 VS from a mixture with about 10% DAF along with 40% VS of LDM and 50% SPM. Observed reduced biogas production at higher levels of DAF and SPM was likely due to high ammonia (NH3) or VFA content. Study results underline that manure storage condition and duration affect emissions of greenhouse gases as well as losses of nutrients from stored manure. Improved manure storage conditions therefore have the potential to enhance value of the manure resource and limit environmental impacts from its management and use.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309470501 Total Pages :251 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Improving Characterization of Anthropogenic Methane Emissions in the United States by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Improving Characterization of Anthropogenic Methane Emissions in the United States written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-08-25 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding, quantifying, and tracking atmospheric methane and emissions is essential for addressing concerns and informing decisions that affect the climate, economy, and human health and safety. Atmospheric methane is a potent greenhouse gas (GHG) that contributes to global warming. While carbon dioxide is by far the dominant cause of the rise in global average temperatures, methane also plays a significant role because it absorbs more energy per unit mass than carbon dioxide does, giving it a disproportionately large effect on global radiative forcing. In addition to contributing to climate change, methane also affects human health as a precursor to ozone pollution in the lower atmosphere. Improving Characterization of Anthropogenic Methane Emissions in the United States summarizes the current state of understanding of methane emissions sources and the measurement approaches and evaluates opportunities for methodological and inventory development improvements. This report will inform future research agendas of various U.S. agencies, including NOAA, the EPA, the DOE, NASA, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), and the National Science Foundation (NSF).
Book Synopsis Greenhouse Gas and Ammonia Emissions from Dairy Manure Management Systems by : Horacio Aguirre-Villegas
Download or read book Greenhouse Gas and Ammonia Emissions from Dairy Manure Management Systems written by Horacio Aguirre-Villegas and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Mitigation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Livestock Production by : Pierre J. Gerber
Download or read book Mitigation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Livestock Production written by Pierre J. Gerber and published by Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO). This book was released on 2013 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The current analysis was conducted to evaluate the potential of nutritional, manure and animal husbandry practices for mitigating methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) - i.e. non-carbon dioxide (CO2) - GHG emissions from livestock production. These practices were categorized into enteric CH4, manure management and animal husbandry mitigation practices. Emphasis was placed on enteric CH4 mitigation practices for ruminant animals (only in vivo studies were considered) and manure mitigation practices for both ruminant and monogastric species. Over 900 references were reviewed; simulation and life cycle assessment analyses were generally excluded
Book Synopsis Biochar for Environmental Management by : Dr. Johannes Lehmann
Download or read book Biochar for Environmental Management written by Dr. Johannes Lehmann and published by Earthscan. This book was released on 2009 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Biochar is the carbon-rich product when biomass (such as wood, manure, or crop residues) is heated in a closed container with little or no available air. It can be used to improve agriculture and the environment in several ways, and its stability in soil and superior nutrient-retention properties make it an ideal soil amendment to increase crop yields. In addition to this, biochar sequestration, in combination with sustainable biomass production, can be carbon-negative and therefore used to actively remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, with major implications for mitigation of climate change. Biochar production can also be combined with bioenergy production through the use of the gases that are given off in the pyrolysis process.This book is the first to synthesize the expanding research literature on this topic. The book's interdisciplinary approach, which covers engineering, environmental sciences, agricultural sciences, economics and policy, is a vital tool at this stage of biochar technology development. This comprehensive overview of current knowledge will be of interest to advanced students, researchers and professionals in a wide range of disciplines"--Provided by publisher.
Book Synopsis Measuring Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Dairy Manure Slurry by : H.A. Jackson
Download or read book Measuring Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Dairy Manure Slurry written by H.A. Jackson and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Abatement of Greenhouse Gas and Ammonia Emissions from Storage and Land Application of Dairy Manure by : Michael Anthony Holly
Download or read book Abatement of Greenhouse Gas and Ammonia Emissions from Storage and Land Application of Dairy Manure written by Michael Anthony Holly and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Manure management contributes 8.4% of anthropogenic methane emissions (USEPA, 2015). It is extremely likely that greenhouse gas emissions including methane are correlated to an increase in global temperatures and sea level over the past century. Additionally, livestock contributes and estimated 71% of ammonia emissions and ammonia is a precursor to particulate matter which can decrease visibility and affect human health (Roe, Spivey, Lindquist, Thesing, & Strait, 2004). Therefore, to reduce future long term environmental and health complications it crucial that gaseous emissions from the production dairy are reduced. Experiments were conducted to evaluate potential mitigation strategies to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) and ammonia (NH3) emissions from dairy manure. Results from the first experiment on the impacts of manure processing on GHG and NH3 from the storage and land application of dairy manure revealed that anaerobic digestion (AD) and solid liquid separation (SLS) significantly reduce GHG emissions. AD and SLS reduced GHG from untreated manure slurries by 34% and 22%, respectively; however, AD increases NH3 emissions by 81%. A second experiment quantified the impacts of manure additives, including More Than Manure"!(MTM"!, Pro-Act, and biochar, on manure solids, gaseous nitrogen losses, and GHG emissions. No treatments were able to reduce manure solids or gaseous nitrogen losses. Biochar was the only manure treatment to impact any manure characteristics, where the total ammonical nitrogen (TAN) was significantly greater than the control at day 14 (p=0.012). In a third experiment, raw wood (white birch, Betula papyrifera), steam treated wood, wood biochar, and corn cob biochar were investigated for their potential to reduce NH3 emissions from digested manure storages. In order to guide application strategies and better understand the mechanisms for mitigation, treatments were incorporated in the manure or applied as a cover and the TAN sorption was measured using extraction techniques. All biomass treatments reduced emissions of NH3 from the control by 40% to 96%. The highest NH3 emissions reductions were achieved with the wood biochar cover due to its ability to effectively cover the manure. Sorption results indicate that only a very small portion of the biomass mitigation potential was due to sorption and the main mechanism for NH3 reduction was the ability to act as a physical barrier. Future research should assess the GHG and NH3 reduction potential of coupling AD, SLS, and a biochar cover in a long term field trial
Book Synopsis Measurements of Volatile Organic Compounds and Greenhouse Gas Emission from the California State University, Fresno Dairy by : Catalina Olea
Download or read book Measurements of Volatile Organic Compounds and Greenhouse Gas Emission from the California State University, Fresno Dairy written by Catalina Olea and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Manure Flushing Versus Scraping in Dairy Freestall Lanes Reduces Gaseous Emissions by : Elizabeth Grace Ross
Download or read book Manure Flushing Versus Scraping in Dairy Freestall Lanes Reduces Gaseous Emissions written by Elizabeth Grace Ross and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of the present study was to mitigate ammonia (NH3), greenhouse gases (GHG), and other air pollutants from lactating cows using different freestall waste management techniques. The San Joaquin Valley (SJV) in central California is the leading milk producing region in the U.S. and also a serious non-attainment area for particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) and ozone (O3). In addition to air pollutants, California is very concerned with greenhouse gas emissions that contribute to climate change. Recent legislation in California, Senate Bill 1383, calls for a 40% decrease in methane (CH4) emissions by implementing strategies such as dry manure storage systems. This requires dairies to scrape freestall lanes instead of utilizing the current freestall flush and lagoon system. For the present study, cows were housed in an environmental chamber from which waste was removed by either flushing or scraping at two different frequencies. The four treatments used were 1) flushing 3 times a day (F3), 2) flushing 6 times a day (F6), 3) scraping 3 times a day (F3), and 4) scraping 6 times a day (F6). Gas emission concentrations were measured from the inlet and outlet air ducts in the environmental chamber connected to a mobile agricultural air quality lab. Emission rates were calculated in g h−1 and mg h−1 and were analyzed using lmerTest package in R. Ammonia (NH3) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) emissions were decreased (P
Book Synopsis Abatement of Greenhouse Gas and Ammonia Emissions from Storage and Land Application of Dairy Manure by : Michael Anthony Holly
Download or read book Abatement of Greenhouse Gas and Ammonia Emissions from Storage and Land Application of Dairy Manure written by Michael Anthony Holly and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Manure management contributes 8.4% of anthropogenic methane emissions (USEPA, 2015). It is extremely likely that greenhouse gas emissions including methane are correlated to an increase in global temperatures and sea level over the past century. Additionally, livestock contributes and estimated 71% of ammonia emissions and ammonia is a precursor to particulate matter which can decrease visibility and affect human health (Roe, Spivey, Lindquist, Thesing, & Strait, 2004). Therefore, to reduce future long term environmental and health complications it crucial that gaseous emissions from the production dairy are reduced. Experiments were conducted to evaluate potential mitigation strategies to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) and ammonia (NH3) emissions from dairy manure. Results from the first experiment on the impacts of manure processing on GHG and NH3 from the storage and land application of dairy manure revealed that anaerobic digestion (AD) and solid liquid separation (SLS) significantly reduce GHG emissions. AD and SLS reduced GHG from untreated manure slurries by 34% and 22%, respectively; however, AD increases NH3 emissions by 81%. A second experiment quantified the impacts of manure additives, including More Than ManureTM (MTMTM), Pro-Act, and biochar, on manure solids, gaseous nitrogen losses, and GHG emissions. No treatments were able to reduce manure solids or gaseous nitrogen losses. Biochar was the only manure treatment to impact any manure characteristics, where the total ammonical nitrogen (TAN) was significantly greater than the control at day 14 (p=0.012). In a third experiment, raw wood (white birch, Betula papyrifera), steam treated wood, wood biochar, and corn cob biochar were investigated for their potential to reduce NH3 emissions from digested manure storages. In order to guide application strategies and better understand the mechanisms for mitigation, treatments were incorporated in the manure or applied as a cover and the TAN sorption was measured using extraction techniques. All biomass treatments reduced emissions of NH3 from the control by 40% to 96%. The highest NH3 emissions reductions were achieved with the wood biochar cover due to its ability to effectively cover the manure. Sorption results indicate that only a very small portion of the biomass mitigation potential was due to sorption and the main mechanism for NH3 reduction was the ability to act as a physical barrier. Future research should assess the GHG and NH3 reduction potential of coupling AD, SLS, and a biochar cover in a long term field trial.
Book Synopsis Development of an On-farm Model to Predict Flow of Manure to the Liquid and Solid Systems on Commercial Dairy Farms by : Tamar Cohen-Davidyan
Download or read book Development of an On-farm Model to Predict Flow of Manure to the Liquid and Solid Systems on Commercial Dairy Farms written by Tamar Cohen-Davidyan and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Methane (CH4) from dairy production systems represents a substantial portion of the greenhouse gases (GHG) released from the livestock sector of agricultural production in California USA. Many factors aside from normal biological mechanisms contribute to the amount of CH4 produced at a dairy facility. These include facility type (e.g., freestall or non-freestall) herd size including the make-up of the herd (i.e., lactating or non-lactating) management practices, fluctuations in ambient temperature and humidity, as well as diet composition. In addition to CH4 emissions, there are other environmental and public health implications of cattle housing and management practices. Where cattle deposit manure can play a crucial role in the flow and storage of manure on a dairy facility as manure handling and storage, in the liquid form, is a large source of CH4 emissions from dairy facilities. The purpose of this research was to develop an on-farm modeling tool to assist dairy farmers and regulators make informed decisions relative to manure management and evaluate mitigation options. Critical evaluation of model outputs led to development of on-farm data collection to obtain information on factors that influence total volatile solids entering the liquid and solid manure systems, but that were farm specific or not available in literature. Based on this approach, it was determined that the key missing variable in the model was a gap in current research relative to time budgets of cattle locations within pens on an annual basis. While all dairy farms vary by herd structure and management, there are overarching similarities among them, such as animal age and stage of lactation, as well as pen type. This study evaluated time on concrete, body condition score, diet composition and environmental conditions over a year on four commercial dairy sites in the San Joaquin Valley (SJV) of California. Two participating dairies were freestall facilities, and the other two were traditional California drylot dairies. Results show that lactating cattle are the animal class which contributes the largest proportion of volatile solids to the liquid manure system, and that, as a class, lactating cows housed in freestalls spent 74% of their time on concrete on an annual basis with 78% of manure volatile solids being diverted into the liquid manure system with the remaining 22% in the solid system. In contrast, lactating cows housed in non-freestall facilities spent 33% of their time on concrete annually with 51% of the manure entering the liquid system and the remaining 49% in the solid system. Remaining classes of cattle contributed minimal amounts to the liquid system due to pen structure and animal behaviors. Results highlight the importance of housing and pen type, as well as animal management, on the eventual fate of manure going into each manure collection system.
Book Synopsis Characterization of Manure Excretion and Environmental Impacts of Nutrient Management in Dairy Production Systems by : Tamilee Dawn Nennich
Download or read book Characterization of Manure Excretion and Environmental Impacts of Nutrient Management in Dairy Production Systems written by Tamilee Dawn Nennich and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Air Emissions from Animal Feeding Operations by : National Research Council
Download or read book Air Emissions from Animal Feeding Operations written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-04-07 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Air Emissions from Animal Feeding Operations: Current Knowledge, Future Needs discusses the need for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to implement a new method for estimating the amount of ammonia, nitrous oxide, methane, and other pollutants emitted from livestock and poultry farms, and for determining how these emissions are dispersed in the atmosphere. The committee calls for the EPA and the U.S. Department of Agriculture to establish a joint council to coordinate and oversee short - and long-term research to estimate emissions from animal feeding operations accurately and to develop mitigation strategies. Their recommendation was for the joint council to focus its efforts first on those pollutants that pose the greatest risk to the environment and public health.
