Characterization Of Magnetic Nanostructures Using Off Axis Electron Holography

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Characterization of Magnetic Nanostructures Using Off-axis Electron Holography

Author : Desai Zhang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 126 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis Characterization of Magnetic Nanostructures Using Off-axis Electron Holography by : Desai Zhang

Download or read book Characterization of Magnetic Nanostructures Using Off-axis Electron Holography written by Desai Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation research has involved microscopic characterization of magnetic nanostructures using off-axis electron holography and Lorentz microscopy. The nanostructures investigated have included Co nanoparticles (NPs), Au/Fe/GaAs shell/core nanowires (NWs), carbon spirals with magnetic cores, magnetic nanopillars, Ni-Zn-Co spinel ferrite and CoFe/Pd multilayers. The studies have confirmed the capability of holography to describe the behavior of magnetic structures at the nanoscale. The phase changes caused by the fringing fields of chains consisting of Co NPs were measured and calculated. The difference between chains with different numbers of Co NPs followed the trend indicated by calculations. Holography studies of Au/Fe/GaAs NWs grown on (110) GaAs substrates with rotationally non-uniform coating confirmed that Fe was present in the shell and that the shell behaved as a bar magnet. No fringing field was observed from NWs with cylindrical coating grown on (111)B GaAs substrates. The most likely explanation is that magnetic fields are confined within the shells and form closed loops. The multiple-magnetic-domain structure of iron carbide cores in carbon spirals was imaged using phase maps of the fringing fields. The strength and range of this fringing field was insufficient for manipulating the carbon spirals with an external applied magnetic field. No magnetism was revealed for CoPd/Fe/CoPd magnetic nanopillars. Degaussing and MFM scans ruled out the possibility that saturated magnetization and sample preparation had degraded the anisotropy, and the magnetism, respectively. The results suggested that these nanopillars were not suitable as candidates for prototypical bit information storage devices. Observations of Ni-Zn-Co spinel ferrite thin films in plan-view geometry indicated a multigrain magnetic domain structure and the magnetic fields were oriented in-plane only with no preferred magnetization distribution. This domain structure helps explain this ferrite's high permeability at high resonance frequency, which is an unusual character. Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) of CoFe/Pd multilayers was revealed using holography. Detailed microscopic characterization showed structural factors such as layer waviness and interdiffusion that could contribute to degradation of the PMA. However, these factors are overwhelmed by the dominant effect of the CoFe layer thickness, and can be ignored when considering magnetic domain structure.

Quantitative Phase Imaging of Magnetic Nanostructures Using Off-axis Electron Holography

Author : Kai He
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 131 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (81 download)

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Book Synopsis Quantitative Phase Imaging of Magnetic Nanostructures Using Off-axis Electron Holography by : Kai He

Download or read book Quantitative Phase Imaging of Magnetic Nanostructures Using Off-axis Electron Holography written by Kai He and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The research of this dissertation has involved the nanoscale quantitative characterization of patterned magnetic nanostructures and devices using off-axis electron holography and Lorentz microscopy. The investigation focused on different materials of interest, including monolayer Co nanorings, multilayer Co/Cu/Py (Permalloy, Ni81Fe19) spin-valve nanorings, and notched Py nanowires, which were fabricated via a standard electron-beam lithography (EBL) and lift-off process. Magnetization configurations and reversal processes of Co nanorings, with and without slots, were observed. Vortex-controlled switching behavior with stepped hysteresis loops was identified, with clearly defined onion states, vortex states, flux-closure (FC) states, and Omega states. Two distinct switching mechanisms for the slotted nanorings, depending on applied field directions relative to the slot orientations, were attributed to the vortex chirality and shape anisotropy. Micromagnetic simulations were in good agreement with electron holography observations of the Co nanorings, also confirming the switching field of 700-800 Oe. Co/Cu/Py spin-valve slotted nanorings exhibited different remanent states and switching behavior as a function of the different directions of the applied field relative to the slots. At remanent state, the magnetizations of Co and Py layers were preferentially aligned in antiparallel coupled configuration, with predominant configurations in FC or onion states. Two-step and three-step hysteresis loops were quantitatively determined for nanorings with slots perpendicular, or parallel to the applied field direction, respectively, due to the intrinsic coercivity difference and interlayer magnetic coupling between Co and Py layers. The field to reverse both layers was on the order of ~800 Oe. Domain-wall (DW) motion within Py nanowires (NWs) driven by an in situ magnetic field was visualized and quantified. Different aspects of DW behavior, including nucleation, injection, pinning, depinning, relaxation, and annihilation, occurred depending on applied field strength. A unique asymmetrical DW pinning behavior was recognized, depending on DW chirality relative to the sense of rotation around the notch. The transverse DWs relaxed into vortex DWs, followed by annihilation in a reversed field, which was in agreement with micromagnetic simulations. Overall, the success of these studies demonstrated the capability of off-axis electron holography to provide valuable insights for understanding magnetic behavior on the nanoscale.

Quantitative Phase Imaging of Metallic Nanostructures Using Off-axis Electron Holography

Author : Jesus Cantu-Valle
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781321473698
Total Pages : 101 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (736 download)

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Book Synopsis Quantitative Phase Imaging of Metallic Nanostructures Using Off-axis Electron Holography by : Jesus Cantu-Valle

Download or read book Quantitative Phase Imaging of Metallic Nanostructures Using Off-axis Electron Holography written by Jesus Cantu-Valle and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this dissertation the quantitative characterization of metallic nanostructures of different size, shape and composition by means of advanced electron microscopy techniques is presented. It is well known that transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has the ability to resolve the atomic structure of materials, but conventional TEM methods do not give all the information that would describe the physical behavior of nanomaterials. In this dissertation an advanced phase reconstruction technique that can be used to characterize electric and magnetic fields is presented, off-axis electron holography. The combination of electron holography with other electron microscopy techniques is crucial to obtain better insights on the structure-property relationship in nanomaterials. Electron holography is a leading-edge technology which utilizes the interference effect of the electron wave and can detect and quantify the electromagnetic field on the nanometer scale. The purpose of this dissertation is to remark the capabilities of the technique as a powerful tool for the characterization of novel nanostructured materials.

Off-Axis Electron Holography of Isolated Ferromagnetic Nanowires

Author : Azadeh Akhtari-Zavareh
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 149 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (112 download)

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Book Synopsis Off-Axis Electron Holography of Isolated Ferromagnetic Nanowires by : Azadeh Akhtari-Zavareh

Download or read book Off-Axis Electron Holography of Isolated Ferromagnetic Nanowires written by Azadeh Akhtari-Zavareh and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The investigations carried out in this thesis involved the nanoscale characterization of isolated ferromagnetic nanowires (NWs) using off-axis electron holography (EH), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The research focused on two categories of NWs, single phase CoFeB NWs and multilayer CoFeB/Cu NWs, which were fabricated by pulsed-current electrodeposition in nanoporous alumina membranes as an array of NWs. EH has been used to investigate the local magnetic behavior of the isolated NWs in their remanent state. In addition, the uniformity in diameter, composition, crystal structure of individual NWs were investigated. Single phase CoFeB ferromagnetic NWs, with diameters ranging between 20 to 170 nm, were studied. Electron diffraction patterns indicated that the NWs were nanocrystalline, BCC CoFeB, with grain sizes up to 20 nm × 20 nm. Holograms from EH showed that the magnetization inside the NWs was uniform over most of their length, except at their edges. Since the NWs consisted of soft magnetic nanocrystals, the magnetic anisotropy was likely dominated by the shape anisotropy. Numerical simulations suggested that the stray field at the tips of the NWs was well reproduced by a truncated cone model, rather than a cylinder. The average magnetic induction was 1.4 ± 0.3 T. Multilayer NWs consisted of periodic magnetic layers of CoFeB alloys and non-magnetic layers of Cu. Individual NW compositions, crystallinity, and layer thicknesses were calibrated using scanning transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. These properties were found to be significantly different from their expected nominal values assumed for the arrays, based on single-phase growth rates. Diffraction patterns obtained from the NWs again showed that both the CoFeB and Cu layers were nanocrystalline (BCC CoFeB, FCC Cu) but that the CoFeB layers had a significant atomic fraction of Cu, despite the small concentration of Cu used in the electrolyte. Nevertheless, the average magnetic induction of individual CoFeB layers ranged between 0.5 and 1.5 T, depending upon the thickness of the layer, from 50 nm to 250 nm, and the direction of an external magnetic field applied in situ. The magnetization was axial for all external field directions when the CoFeB layer was thicker than the diameter (45 nm), while for thin CoFeB and Cu layers (

Handbook of Magnetic Materials

Author : Ekkes H. Brück
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128210249
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (282 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Magnetic Materials by : Ekkes H. Brück

Download or read book Handbook of Magnetic Materials written by Ekkes H. Brück and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-11-29 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Magnetic Materials, Volume 29, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters written by an international board of authors on topics such as spin-orbit torque. Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors Presents the latest release in the Handbook of Magnetic Materials series

In Situ Lorentz Microscopy and Electron Holography in Magnetic Nanostructures

Author : Luis Alfredo Rodríguez González
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9788416272884
Total Pages : 228 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (728 download)

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Book Synopsis In Situ Lorentz Microscopy and Electron Holography in Magnetic Nanostructures by : Luis Alfredo Rodríguez González

Download or read book In Situ Lorentz Microscopy and Electron Holography in Magnetic Nanostructures written by Luis Alfredo Rodríguez González and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this thesis, we have developed quantitative and qualitative studies of the magnetic states of different magnetic nanostructures by in situ Lorentz Microscopy (LM) and Electron Holography (EH) experiments under application of magnetic field or working at low temperature (100 K), on three different magnetic nanostructures: L-shape Co and Co50Fe50 nanowires, Co antidot arrays and strained La2/3Ca1/3MnO3. DW manipulation experiments by magnetic field allowed characterize process such as DW nucleation, propagation, pinning and depinning in the nanowires. By in situ LM, remanent magnetic states and reversal magnetization process in high-density antidot arrays were studied. Finally, the effect of the substrate-induced strain in LCMO thin film were studied by EH at 100 K. We found that such strain effect produce a magnetic phase separation and/or variation in the magnetocrystalline anisotropy.

Progress in Nanoscale Characterization and Manipulation

Author : Rongming Wang
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811304548
Total Pages : 511 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (113 download)

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Book Synopsis Progress in Nanoscale Characterization and Manipulation by : Rongming Wang

Download or read book Progress in Nanoscale Characterization and Manipulation written by Rongming Wang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-30 with total page 511 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on charged-particle optics and microscopy, as well as their applications in the materials sciences. Presenting a range of cutting-edge theoretical and methodological advances in electron microscopy and microanalysis, and examining their crucial roles in modern materials research, it offers a unique resource for all researchers who work in ultramicroscopy and/or materials research. The book addresses the growing opportunities in this field and introduces readers to the state of the art in charged-particle microscopy techniques. It showcases recent advances in scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and helium ion microscopy, including advanced spectroscopy, spherical-corrected microscopy, focused-ion imaging and in-situ microscopy. Covering these and other essential topics, the book is intended to facilitate the development of microscopy techniques, inspire young researchers, and make a valuable contribution to the field.

Characterization of Condensed Matter

Author : Yujun Song
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527839917
Total Pages : 373 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (278 download)

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Book Synopsis Characterization of Condensed Matter by : Yujun Song

Download or read book Characterization of Condensed Matter written by Yujun Song and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-08-02 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Characterization of Condensed Matter A comprehensive and accessible introduction to the characterization of condensed materials The characterization of condensed materials is a crucial aspect of materials science. The science underlying this area of research and analysis is interdisciplinary, combining electromagnetic spectroscopy, surface and interface testing methods, physiochemical analysis methods, and more. All of this must be brought to bear in order to understand the relationship between microstructures and larger-scale properties of condensed matter. Characterization of Condensed Matter: An Introduction to Composition, Microstructure, and Surface Methods introduces the technologies involved in the characterization of condensed matter and their many applications. It incorporates more than a decades’ experience in teaching a successful undergraduate course in the subject and emphasizes accessibility and continuously reinforced learning. The result is a survey which promises to equip students with both underlying theory and real experimental instances of condensed matter characterization. Characterization of Condensed Matter readers will also find: Detailed treatment of techniques including electromagnetic spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray absorption, electron microscopy, surface and element analysis, and more Incorporation of concrete experimental examples for each technique Exercises at the end of each chapter to facilitate understanding Characterization of Condensed Matter is a useful reference for undergraduates and early-career graduate students seeking a foundation and reference for these essential techniques.

Advanced Magnetic Nanostructures

Author : D.J. Sellmyer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387233164
Total Pages : 514 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (872 download)

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Book Synopsis Advanced Magnetic Nanostructures by : D.J. Sellmyer

Download or read book Advanced Magnetic Nanostructures written by D.J. Sellmyer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-07-02 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced magnetic nanostructures is an emerging field in magnetism and nanotechnology, but the literature consists of a rich variety of original papers and parts of reviews and books whose scope is comparatively broad. This calls for a book with specific emphasis on state-of-the-art synthetic methods for fabricating, characterizing and theoretically modeling new magnetic nanostructures. This book is intended to provide a comprehensive overview of the present state of the field. Leading researchers world-wide have contributed a survey of their special ties to guide the reader through the exploding literature in nanomagnetic structures. The focus is on deliberately structured nanomagnets. It includes cluster assembled, self-organized and patterned thin films but excludes, for example, multilayered thin films. We target both industrial and academic researchers in magnetism and related areas, such as nanotechnology, materials science, and theoretical solid-state physics.

Nature's Nanostructures

Author : Amanda S. Barnard
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9814316822
Total Pages : 606 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (143 download)

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Book Synopsis Nature's Nanostructures by : Amanda S. Barnard

Download or read book Nature's Nanostructures written by Amanda S. Barnard and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-02-02 with total page 606 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural nanomaterials and nanotechnologies are all around us, which inevitably leads to these questions: What are these natural nanomaterials made of? Where can we find them? What can they do? Answering these questions will facilitate new and environmentally friendly ways of creating and manipulating nanoscale materials for the next generation of new technologies. A truly multidisciplinary resource, this book brings together studies from astronomy, physics, chemistry, materials science, engineering, geology and geophysics, environmental science, agricultural science, entomology, molecular biology, and health and provides an invaluable resource for learning how various scientists approach similar problems.

纳米技术中的显微学手册

Author :
Publisher : 清华大学出版社有限公司
ISBN 13 : 9787302097587
Total Pages : 440 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (975 download)

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Book Synopsis 纳米技术中的显微学手册 by :

Download or read book 纳米技术中的显微学手册 written by and published by 清华大学出版社有限公司. This book was released on 2005 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 本书叙述了电子显微学的内容,共有12个专题。力图使读者对所叙述的方法有一个概念上的理解,而不是只停留在对理论的堆砌上。

Springer Handbook of Microscopy

Author : Peter W. Hawkes
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030000699
Total Pages : 1561 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Springer Handbook of Microscopy by : Peter W. Hawkes

Download or read book Springer Handbook of Microscopy written by Peter W. Hawkes and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-02 with total page 1561 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book features reviews by leading experts on the methods and applications of modern forms of microscopy. The recent awards of Nobel Prizes awarded for super-resolution optical microscopy and cryo-electron microscopy have demonstrated the rich scientific opportunities for research in novel microscopies. Earlier Nobel Prizes for electron microscopy (the instrument itself and applications to biology), scanning probe microscopy and holography are a reminder of the central role of microscopy in modern science, from the study of nanostructures in materials science, physics and chemistry to structural biology. Separate chapters are devoted to confocal, fluorescent and related novel optical microscopies, coherent diffractive imaging, scanning probe microscopy, transmission electron microscopy in all its modes from aberration corrected and analytical to in-situ and time-resolved, low energy electron microscopy, photoelectron microscopy, cryo-electron microscopy in biology, and also ion microscopy. In addition to serving as an essential reference for researchers and teachers in the fields such as materials science, condensed matter physics, solid-state chemistry, structural biology and the molecular sciences generally, the Springer Handbook of Microscopy is a unified, coherent and pedagogically attractive text for advanced students who need an authoritative yet accessible guide to the science and practice of microscopy.

Proceedings: Microscopy and Microanalysis 2002: Volume 8

Author : Microscopy Society of America
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521824057
Total Pages : 556 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (24 download)

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Book Synopsis Proceedings: Microscopy and Microanalysis 2002: Volume 8 by : Microscopy Society of America

Download or read book Proceedings: Microscopy and Microanalysis 2002: Volume 8 written by Microscopy Society of America and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2002-12-16 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Proceedings volume contains extended abstracts of all the papers presented by microscopists in both the materials and life sciences at the Microscopy and Microanalysis 2002 meeting held in Québec City, Québec, Canada on August 4-9, 2002. The Proceedings consists of both a printed volume containing the extended abstracts of all invited papers as well as a searchable CD-ROM containing the extended abstracts of all papers presented at the meeting --whether invited or submitted, platform or poster.

Handbook of Magnetic Materials

Author : Ekkes H. Brück
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0444641629
Total Pages : 424 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (446 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Magnetic Materials by : Ekkes H. Brück

Download or read book Handbook of Magnetic Materials written by Ekkes H. Brück and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-11-21 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Magnetic Materials, Volume 27, covers the expansion of magnetism over the last few decades and its applications in research, notably the magnetism of several classes of novel materials that share the presence of magnetic moments with truly ferromagnetic materials. The book is an ideal reference for scientists active in magnetism research, providing readers with novel trends and achievements in magnetism. Each article contains an extensive description given in graphical, as well as, tabular form, with much emphasis placed on the discussion of the experimental material within the framework of physics, chemistry and materials science. Comprises topical review articles written by leading authorities Includes a variety of self-contained introductions to a given area in the field of magnetism without requiring recourse to the published literature Introduces given topics in the field of magnetism Describes novel trends and achievements in magnetism

Magnetic Characterization Techniques for Nanomaterials

Author : Challa S.S.R. Kumar
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3662527804
Total Pages : 568 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis Magnetic Characterization Techniques for Nanomaterials by : Challa S.S.R. Kumar

Download or read book Magnetic Characterization Techniques for Nanomaterials written by Challa S.S.R. Kumar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-04-24 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sixth volume of a 40 volume series on nanoscience and nanotechnology, edited by the renowned scientist Challa S.S.R. Kumar. This handbook gives a comprehensive overview about Magnetic Characterization Techniques for Nanomaterials. Modern applications and state-of-the-art techniques are covered and make this volume an essential reading for research scientists in academia and industry.

Magnetic Nanostructures

Author : Hari Singh Nalwa
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781588830005
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Magnetic Nanostructures by : Hari Singh Nalwa

Download or read book Magnetic Nanostructures written by Hari Singh Nalwa and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Twelve contributions comprise a reference source that is a coherent presentation of the state of the art in this fast growing area of nanotechnology research. Magnetic nanostructures are important for their phenomenal potential for storage; their great commercial value will come from applications in

Principles of Materials Characterization and Metrology

Author : Kannan M. Krishnan
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192566083
Total Pages : 550 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis Principles of Materials Characterization and Metrology by : Kannan M. Krishnan

Download or read book Principles of Materials Characterization and Metrology written by Kannan M. Krishnan and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021-05-07 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Characterization enables a microscopic understanding of the fundamental properties of materials (Science) to predict their macroscopic behaviour (Engineering). With this focus, Principles of Materials Characterization and Metrology presents a comprehensive discussion of the principles of materials characterization and metrology. Characterization techniques are introduced through elementary concepts of bonding, electronic structure of molecules and solids, and the arrangement of atoms in crystals. Then, the range of electrons, photons, ions, neutrons and scanning probes, used in characterization, including their generation and related beam-solid interactions that determine or limit their use, is presented. This is followed by ion-scattering methods, optics, optical diffraction, microscopy, and ellipsometry. Generalization of Fraunhofer diffraction to scattering by a three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in crystals leads to X-ray, electron, and neutron diffraction methods, both from surfaces and the bulk. Discussion of transmission and analytical electron microscopy, including recent developments, is followed by chapters on scanning electron microscopy and scanning probe microscopies. The book concludes with elaborate tables to provide a convenient and easily accessible way of summarizing the key points, features, and inter-relatedness of the different spectroscopy, diffraction, and imaging techniques presented throughout. Principles of Materials Characterization and Metrology uniquely combines a discussion of the physical principles and practical application of these characterization techniques to explain and illustrate the fundamental properties of a wide range of materials in a tool-based approach. Based on forty years of teaching and research, this book incorporates worked examples, to test the reader's knowledge with extensive questions and exercises.