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Characterization Of Interfacial Enzyme Kinetics And Phosphorylation Dephosphorylation Cycle Of Phosphoinositides On Model Lipid Membrane
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Book Synopsis Characterization of Interfacial Enzyme Kinetics and Phosphorylation-dephosphorylation Cycle of Phosphoinositides on Model Lipid Membrane by : Chun Liu
Download or read book Characterization of Interfacial Enzyme Kinetics and Phosphorylation-dephosphorylation Cycle of Phosphoinositides on Model Lipid Membrane written by Chun Liu and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To answer the above questions, first we studied the binding affinity and specificity of sensor proteins to the phosphoinositides. YFP-PH-Grp1 and mCherry-PH-Grp1 are shown to bind PI(3,4,5)P3 specifically, while EGFP-PH-PLC[delta]1 is shown to bind PI(4,5)P2 specifically. Fluorescent protein-labeled Grp1 and PLC[delta]1 are then used to quantify and monitor PI(3,4,5)P3 and PI(4,5)P2 amounts in the presence of enzymes by either TIRF or confocal microscopy.
Book Synopsis Phosphoinositides II: The Diverse Biological Functions by : Tamas Balla
Download or read book Phosphoinositides II: The Diverse Biological Functions written by Tamas Balla and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-02-28 with total page 467 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phosphoinositides play a major role in cellular signaling and membrane organization. During the last three decades we have learned that enzymes turning over phosphoinositides control vital physiological processes and are involved in the initiation and progression of cancer, inflammation, neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, metabolic disease and more. In two volumes, this book elucidates the crucial mechanisms that control the dynamics of phosphoinositide conversion. Starting out from phosphatidylinositol, a chain of lipid kinases collaborates to generate the oncogenic lipid phosphatidylinositol(3,4,5)-trisphosphate. For every phosphate group added, there are specific lipid kinases – and phosphatases to remove it. Additionally, phospholipases can cleave off the inositol head group and generate poly-phosphoinositols, which act as soluble signals in the cytosol. Volume II extends into the role of phosphoinositides in membrane organization and vesicular traffic. Endocytosis and exocytosis are modulated by phosphoinositides, which determine the fate and activity of integral membrane proteins. Phosphatidylinositol(4,5)-bisphosphate is a prominent flag in the plasma membrane, while phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate decorates early endosomes. The Golgi apparatus is rich in phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate, stressed cells increase phosphatidylinositol(3,5)-bisphosphate, and the nucleus has a phosphoinositide metabolism of its own. Phosphoinositide-dependent signaling cascades and the spatial organization of distinct phosphoinositide species are required in organelle function, fission and fusion, membrane channel regulation, cytoskeletal rearrangements, adhesion processes, and thus orchestrate complex cellular responses including growth, proliferation, differentiation, cell motility, and cell polarization.
Book Synopsis Plant Lipid Metabolism by : J.C. Kader
Download or read book Plant Lipid Metabolism written by J.C. Kader and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-18 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A collection of papers that comprehensively describe the major areas of research on lipid metabolism of plants. State-of-the-art knowledge about research on fatty acid and glycerolipid biosynthesis, isoprenoid metabolism, membrane structure and organization, lipid oxidation and degradation, lipids as intracellular and extracellular messengers, lipids and environment, oil seeds and gene technology is reviewed. The different topics covered show that modern tools of plant cellular and molecular biology, as well as molecular genetics, have been recently used to characterize several key enzymes of plant lipid metabolism (in particular, desaturases, thioesterases, fatty acid synthetase) and to isolate corresponding cDNAs and genomic clones, allowing the use of genetic engineering methods to modify the composition of membranes or storage lipids. These findings open fascinating perspectives, both for establishing the roles of lipids in membrane function and intracellular signalling and for adapting the composition of seed oil to the industrial needs. This book will be a good reference source for research scientists, advanced students and industrialists wishing to follow the considerable progress made in recent years on plant lipid metabolism and to envision the new opportunities offered by genetic engineering for the development of novel oil seeds.
Book Synopsis Intracellular Signaling Mediators in the Circulatory and Ventilatory Systems by : Marc Thiriet
Download or read book Intracellular Signaling Mediators in the Circulatory and Ventilatory Systems written by Marc Thiriet and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-09-26 with total page 1073 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The volumes in this authoritative series present a multidisciplinary approach to modeling and simulation of flows in the cardiovascular and ventilatory systems, especially multiscale modeling and coupled simulations. The cardiovascular and respiratory systems are tightly coupled, as their primary function is to supply oxygen to and remove carbon dioxide from the body's cells. Because physiological conduits have deformable and reactive walls, macroscopic flow behavior and prediction must be coupled to phenomenological models of nano- and microscopic events in a corrector scheme of regulated mechanisms when the vessel lumen caliber varies markedly. Therefore, investigation of flows of blood and air in physiological conduits requires an understanding of the biology, chemistry, and physics of these systems together with the mathematical tools to describe their functioning. Volume 4 is devoted to major sets of intracellular mediators that transmit signals upon stimulation of cell-surface receptors. Activation of signaling effectors triggers the release of substances stored in cellular organelles and/or gene transcription and protein synthesis. Complex stages of cell signaling can be studied using proper mathematical models, once the role of each component is carefully handled. Volume 4 also reviews various categories of cytosolic and/or nuclear mediators and illustrates some major signal transduction pathways, such as NFkappaB axis, oxygen sensing, and mechanotransduction.
Book Synopsis The Biophysics of Cell Membranes by : Richard M. Epand
Download or read book The Biophysics of Cell Membranes written by Richard M. Epand and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-09-25 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume focuses on the modulation of biological membranes by specific biophysical properties. The readers are introduced to emerging biophysical approaches that mimick specific states (like membrane lipid asymmetry, membrane curvature, lipid flip-flop, lipid phase separation) that are relevant to the functioning of biological membranes. The first chapter describes innovative methods to mimic the prevailing asymmetry in biological membranes by forming asymmetrical membranes made of monolayers with different compositions. One of the chapters illustrates how physical parameters, like curvature and elasticity, can affect and modulate the interactions between lipids and proteins. This volume also describes the sensitivity of certain ion channels to mechanical forces and it presents an analysis of how cell shape is determined by both the cytoskeleton and the lipid domains in the membrane. The last chapter provides evidence that liposomes can be used as a minimal cellular model to reconstitute processes related to the origin of life. Each topic covered in this volume is presented by leading experts in the field who are able to present clear, authoritative and up-to-date reviews. The novelty of the methods proposed and their potential for a deeper molecular description of membrane functioning are particularly relevant experts in the areas of biochemistry, biophysics and cell biology, while also presenting clear and thorough introductions, making the material suitable for students in these fields as well.
Book Synopsis Advances in Membrane Proteins by : Yu Cao
Download or read book Advances in Membrane Proteins written by Yu Cao and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-30 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews recent advances regarding the biochemical and biophysical properties of membrane proteins and their applications in biomedicine. Divided into two thematic parts, this second volume addresses proteins’ formation, signaling and malfunctions. It covers a number of important membrane proteins including receptors, cell adhesion molecules, single-transmembrane proteins and viral membrane proteins, and discusses their structures, functions, related diseases, and roles in drug discovery in detail. In turn, the book elucidates the lifecycle of membrane proteins, including their synthesis and facilitated folding process, as well as QC procedures for their production. Additional topics include fundamental concepts, the latest findings, and critical puzzles yet to be solved. Given its scope, the book will appeal to a broad readership in the field of membrane structural and functional biology. Junior scientists can use it as an introduction to the field, while advanced scientists will find a broader view of the field beyond their area of specialization.
Download or read book Lipid Domains written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-06-08 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current Topics in Membranes is targeted toward scientists and researchers in biochemistry and molecular and cellular biology, providing the necessary membrane research to assist them in discovering the current state of a particular field and in learning where that field is heading. This volume offers an up to date presentation of current knowledge in the field of Lipid Domains. Written by leading experts Contains original material, both textual and illustrative, that should become a very relevant reference material The material is presented in a very comprehensive manner Both researchers in the field and general readers should find relevant and up-to-date information
Book Synopsis Comprehensive Biochemistry for Dentistry by : Anil Gupta
Download or read book Comprehensive Biochemistry for Dentistry written by Anil Gupta and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-30 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book combines fundamental concepts of biochemistry and the dental sciences to provide an authentic, coherent and comprehensive text for dental students. It describes in simple language the intricate pathophysiology of biomolecules in health and in diseases of dental and oral tissues. This book also describes the evolution of biochemistry in a chronological order, provides information about the fundamental chemical structure, classification and biological significance of biomolecules, vitamins and hormones, enriched with flow charts and diagrams for easy understanding and quick reference. It includes chapters on nucleic acids, nutrition and serum enzymes and organ function tests, and offers an innovative approach to familiarize dental students with the biochemical composition of enamel, dentine, cementum and saliva, explaining the biochemical basis of dental caries, periodontal diseases, role of fluorides in caries prophylaxis, fluoride toxicity, and the role of amino acids as anti-hypersensitive agents.
Book Synopsis Moving Questions by : Joseph D Robinson
Download or read book Moving Questions written by Joseph D Robinson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-05-27 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes a half century of research on cellular membrane transport and on metabolic energy capture and utilization. During this time-which begins in the late 1930s-the effort and imagination of various scientists overthrew reigning formulations, created novel explanatory models, and unified previously distinct experimental fields. My primary goal is to display the course of that research, showing how new experiments defined novel entities and processes, and how an encompassing field, bioenergetics, then emerged. A secondary goal is to present examples of mainstream biological research that illustrate how experimental results-seen as refutations, confirmations, and elabora tions-can sway opinion toward a solid consensus. This interpretation differs from the currently fashionable view of some commentators that stresses instead the central roles of power, prestige, gender, class, and ethnicity. In any case, the scien tific practices exhibited here deserve proper philosophical scrutiny. Although con straints of space have squeezed any analysis from this draft, brief mention of salient issues does appear in relevant chapters and in the final conclusions. (Oddly, histori ans and philosophers seem reluctant to deal with this science. Those who do consider biological topics tend to focus on the theory of evolution, even though the bulk of biological research in this century, in terms of papers published and technology influenced, has dealt not with evolution per se but with what may be termed physiology and biochemistry. And these endeavors, which are the aims, efforts, and accomplishments of the vast majority of biologists, have been largely ignored.
Book Synopsis Physics of Biological Membranes by : Patricia Bassereau
Download or read book Physics of Biological Membranes written by Patricia Bassereau and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-30 with total page 623 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book mainly focuses on key aspects of biomembranes that have emerged over the past 15 years. It covers static and dynamic descriptions, as well as modeling for membrane organization and shape at the local and global (at the cell level) scale. It also discusses several new developments in non-equilibrium aspects that have not yet been covered elsewhere. Biological membranes are the seat of interactions between cells and the rest of the world, and internally, they are at the core of complex dynamic reorganizations and chemical reactions. Despite the long tradition of membrane research in biophysics, the physics of cell membranes as well as of biomimetic or synthetic membranes is a rapidly developing field. Though successful books have already been published on this topic over the past decades, none include the most recent advances. Additionally, in this domain, the traditional distinction between biological and physical approaches tends to blur. This book gathers the most recent advances in this area, and will benefit biologists and physicists alike.
Book Synopsis Textbook of Receptor Pharmacology by : John C. Foreman
Download or read book Textbook of Receptor Pharmacology written by John C. Foreman and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2010-09-10 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the past four decades, University College London has offered a renowned course on receptor pharmacology. Originating from this course, the perennially bestselling Textbook of Receptor Pharmacology has presented in-depth coverage of this rapidly expanding area of research. This third edition continues to combine current understanding of classica
Book Synopsis Targeting of Drugs by : Gregory Gregoriadis
Download or read book Targeting of Drugs written by Gregory Gregoriadis and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-12-12 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Successful drug use in biology and medicine is often prejudiced by the failure of drugs that are otherwise active in vitro to act as efficiently in vivo. This is because in the living animal drugs must, as a rule, bypass or traverse organs, membranes, cells and molecules that stand between the site of administration and the site of action. In practice, however, drugs can be toxic to normal tissues, have limited or no access to the target and be prematurely excreted or inactivated. There is now growing optimism that such problems may be resolved by the use of carrier systems that will not only protect the non-target environment from the drugs they carry but also deliver them to where they are needed or facilitate their release there. Carrier systems presently under investigation include antibodies, glycoproteins, cells, reconstituted viruses and liposomes. Recent advances in the chemistry of cell receptor and receptor-recognising molecules, llnmunology, and natural and artificial membranes have revealed a multitude of ways in which such carrier systems can be modified or improved upon.
Book Synopsis Stochastic Processes in Cell Biology by : Paul C. Bressloff
Download or read book Stochastic Processes in Cell Biology written by Paul C. Bressloff and published by Springer. This book was released on 2021-09-28 with total page 699 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book develops the theory of continuous and discrete stochastic processes within the context of cell biology. In the second edition the material has been significantly expanded, particularly within the context of nonequilibrium and self-organizing systems. Given the amount of additional material, the book has been divided into two volumes, with volume I mainly covering molecular processes and volume II focusing on cellular processes. A wide range of biological topics are covered in the new edition, including stochastic ion channels and excitable systems, molecular motors, stochastic gene networks, genetic switches and oscillators, epigenetics, normal and anomalous diffusion in complex cellular environments, stochastically-gated diffusion, active intracellular transport, signal transduction, cell sensing, bacterial chemotaxis, intracellular pattern formation, cell polarization, cell mechanics, biological polymers and membranes, nuclear structure and dynamics, biological condensates, molecular aggregation and nucleation, cellular length control, cell mitosis, cell motility, cell adhesion, cytoneme-based morphogenesis, bacterial growth, and quorum sensing. The book also provides a pedagogical introduction to the theory of stochastic and nonequilibrium processes – Fokker Planck equations, stochastic differential equations, stochastic calculus, master equations and jump Markov processes, birth-death processes, Poisson processes, first passage time problems, stochastic hybrid systems, queuing and renewal theory, narrow capture and escape, extreme statistics, search processes and stochastic resetting, exclusion processes, WKB methods, large deviation theory, path integrals, martingales and branching processes, numerical methods, linear response theory, phase separation, fluctuation-dissipation theorems, age-structured models, and statistical field theory. This text is primarily aimed at graduate students and researchers working in mathematical biology, statistical and biological physicists, and applied mathematicians interested in stochastic modeling. Applied probabilists should also find it of interest. It provides significant background material in applied mathematics and statistical physics, and introduces concepts in stochastic and nonequilibrium processes via motivating biological applications. The book is highly illustrated and contains a large number of examples and exercises that further develop the models and ideas in the body of the text. It is based on a course that the author has taught at the University of Utah for many years.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Food Enzymology by : John R. Whitaker
Download or read book Handbook of Food Enzymology written by John R. Whitaker and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-12-05 with total page 1135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discussing methods of enzyme purification, characterization, isolation, and identification, this book details the chemistry, behavior, and physicochemical properties of enzymes to control, enhance, or inhibit enzymatic activity for improved taste, texture, shelf-life, nutritional value, and process tolerance of foods and food products. The book cov
Book Synopsis Lysosomes by : Frederick R. Maxfield
Download or read book Lysosomes written by Frederick R. Maxfield and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-06-22 with total page 586 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discussing recent findings, up-to-date research, and novel strategies, the book integrates perspectives from pharmacology, toxicology, and biochemistry to illustrate the potential of lysosomes in drug discovery and development. • Explores basic principles and properties of lysosomes that allow them to act as regulators of cell metabolism, therapeutic targets, and sites for activation of drug conjugates • Discusses the role of lysosomes in metabolism, drug targeting, apoptosis, cancer, aging, inflammation, autophagy, metabolism, toxicity, and membrane repair • Introduces new pathways in therapeutic development and new mechanisms in drug development
Book Synopsis Phosphoinositides I: Enzymes of Synthesis and Degradation by : Tamas Balla
Download or read book Phosphoinositides I: Enzymes of Synthesis and Degradation written by Tamas Balla and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-03-14 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phosphoinositides play a major role in cellular signaling and membrane organization. During the last three decades we have learned that enzymes turning over phosphoinositides control vital physiological processes and are involved in the initiation and progression of cancer, inflammation, neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, metabolic disease and more. In two volumes, this book elucidates the crucial mechanisms that control the dynamics of phosphoinositide conversion. Starting out from phosphatidylinositol, a chain of lipid kinases collaborates to generate the oncogenic lipid phosphatidylinositol(3,4,5)-trisphosphate. For every phosphate group added, there are specific lipid kinases – and phosphatases to remove it. Additionally, phospholipases can cleave off the inositol head group and generate poly-phosphoinositols, which act as soluble signals in the cytosol. Volume I untangles the web of these enzymes and their products, and relates them to function in health and disease. Phosphoinositide 3-kinases and 3-phosphatases have received a special focus in volume I, and recent therapeutic developments in human disease are presented along with a historical perspective illustrating the impressive progress in the field.
Book Synopsis Cell Volume Regulation by : Florian Lang
Download or read book Cell Volume Regulation written by Florian Lang and published by S. Karger AG (Switzerland). This book was released on 1998 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents a unique compilation of reviews on cell volume regulation in health and disease, with contributions from leading experts in the field. The topics covered include mechanisms and signaling of cell volume regulation and the effect of cell volume on cell function, with special emphasis on ion channels and transporters, kinases and gene expression. Several chapters elaborate on how cell volume regulatory mechanisms participate in the regulation of epithelial transport, urinary concentration, metabolism, migration, cell proliferation and apoptosis. Last but not least, this publication is an excellent guide to the role of cell volume in the pathophysiology of hypercatabolism, diabetes mellitus, brain edema, hemoglobinopathies, tumor growth and metastasis, to name just a few. Providing deeper insights into an exciting area of research which is also of clinical relevance, this publication is a valuable addition to the library of those interested in cell volume regulation.
