Characterization Of Aerosol Deposition In Children And Infants Using Idealized Extrathoracic Geometries

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Characterization of Aerosol Deposition in Children and Infants Using Idealized Extrathoracic Geometries

Author : Conor Aidan Ruzycki
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 110 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Characterization of Aerosol Deposition in Children and Infants Using Idealized Extrathoracic Geometries by : Conor Aidan Ruzycki

Download or read book Characterization of Aerosol Deposition in Children and Infants Using Idealized Extrathoracic Geometries written by Conor Aidan Ruzycki and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis describes a number of experimental studies performed with the common goal of characterizing pharmaceutical aerosol deposition in children and infants using idealized extrathoracic geometries. First, an in vitro study of the recently proposed Alberta Idealized Child Throat showed that this idealized child oral extrathoracic airway model accurately replicates average deposition of pharmaceutical aerosol from pressurized metered dose inhalers and dry powder inhalers in school age children. This successful validation confirms that the Alberta Idealized Child Throat may indeed fulfill the existing requirement for a standardized platform in which benchtop testing of delivery devices and therapeutic formulations developed for children can be examined. Second, a joint in vitro -- in silico methodology was employed to characterize deposition in an idealized infant nasal extrathoracic airway geometry. Using a novel flow system, total lung dose from two pressurized metered dose inhalers, delivered via valved holding chamber and facemask under a realistic breath profile, was approximated by the dose delivered distal to the idealized geometry. In silico simulations using this estimate of total lung dose provided insight on regional deposition in the lungs and on the concentration of drug in the airway surface liquid. From a clinical perspective, this in vitro -- in silico methodology provides valuable guidance on the dosing required for efficacious use of aerosolized medications in infants. Finally, a comparison of in vitro deposition measured in two idealized geometries representative of the oral extrathoracic airways of children is described, illustrating the importance of considering the physics governing aerosol behavior in the human airways when developing idealized geometries meant to mimic in vivo deposition. It is hoped that the experiments undertaken as part of this thesis will aid in the development of new delivery devices and inhalation therapies for the treatment of disease in children and infants.

Pharmaceutical Inhalation Aerosol Technology, Third Edition

Author : Anthony J. Hickey
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0429619561
Total Pages : 731 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (296 download)

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Book Synopsis Pharmaceutical Inhalation Aerosol Technology, Third Edition by : Anthony J. Hickey

Download or read book Pharmaceutical Inhalation Aerosol Technology, Third Edition written by Anthony J. Hickey and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-03-26 with total page 731 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fully revised and updated third edition of Pharmaceutical Inhalation Aerosol Technology encompasses the scientific and technical foundation for the rationale, design, componentry, assembly and quality performance metrics of therapeutic inhalers in their delivery of pharmaceutical aerosols to treat symptoms or the underlying causes of disease. It focuses on the importance of pharmaceutical engineering as a foundational element of all inhaler products and their application to pulmonary drug delivery. The expanded scope considers previously unaddressed aspects of pharmaceutical inhalation aerosol technology and the patient interface by including aerosol delivery, lung deposition and clearance that are used as measures of effective dose delivery. Key Features: Provides a thoroughly revised and expanded reference with authoritative discussions on the physiologic,pharmacologic, metabolic, molecular, cellular and physicochemical factors, influencing the efficacy and utilization of pharmaceutical aerosols Emphasizes the importance of pharmaceutical engineering as a foundational element of all inhaler products and their application to pulmonary drug delivery Addresses the physics, chemistry and engineering principles while establishing disease relevance Expands the ‘technology’ focus of the original volumes to address the title more directly Offers an impressive breadth of coverage as well as an international flavour from outstanding editors and contributors

Organ Specific Drug Delivery and Targeting to the Lungs

Author : Ajit S. Narang
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000687988
Total Pages : 542 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (6 download)

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Book Synopsis Organ Specific Drug Delivery and Targeting to the Lungs by : Ajit S. Narang

Download or read book Organ Specific Drug Delivery and Targeting to the Lungs written by Ajit S. Narang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-11-23 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organ Specific Drug Delivery and Targeting to the Lungs provides up to date information on the multidisciplinary field of particle engineering and drug delivery to the lungs, including advancements of nanotechnology. The text presents a unique, pragmatic focus with case studies, that help translate scientific understanding to practical implementation. In addition to highlighting the successful case studies, it also offers practical advice on watchouts, limitations, and ‘bookend’ boundaries involved in the stages of testing and development. Additional Features Include: Provides an account of particle engineering, discovery, biology, development, and delivery in relation with the advancements of nanotechnology, unlike any previous book. Brings together the leading experts and researchers in the field to critically assess and discuss various topics influencing drug delivery. Highlights the interplay of different scientific disciplines and the balance of requirements that are critical to molecule and product design. With the strategic focus on what matters during new product development, this book provides a guide to understanding and navigating new drug discovery and development for lung targets.

Aerosols Handbook

Author : Lev S. Ruzer
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1439855102
Total Pages : 669 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)

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Book Synopsis Aerosols Handbook by : Lev S. Ruzer

Download or read book Aerosols Handbook written by Lev S. Ruzer and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-08-15 with total page 669 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the rapid growth of the nanotechnology industry, the need to understand the biological effects of aerosol exposure has become increasingly important. Featuring contributions by leading experts in the field, Aerosols Handbook: Measurement, Dosimetry, and Health Effects, Second Edition offers an up-to-date overview of many aspects of aerosols, from properties to health effects and epidemiology. Covering indoor, outdoor, industrial, medical, pharmaceutical, and radioactive aerosols, this book explores aerosol dosimetry by defining terms such as exposure and dose. In addition, it looks at nanometer particles, the mechanism of aerosol deposition in the lungs, and modeling deposition with a corresponding uncertainty in risk assessment. The text also emphasizes the importance of accurate aerosol measurements, particularly breathing zone exposure assessments. Examining radioactive aerosols, the book discusses lessons learned from nuclear accidents, radon and thoron, and long-lived radionuclides in the environment. It brings together research on both radioactive and nonradioactive aerosols, supplying readers with a more complete view of how aerosols behave in the lungs. New in This Edition Five new chapters that address the safety of nanomaterials, dealing with nanoparticle cell penetration, high aspect ratio nanomaterials, nanoaerosols in drug delivery, risk assessment, and health effects New chapters on atmospheric pollution related to climate change, chemical analyses of particle filter deposits, and classical nucleation theory New data on measurement, dosimetry, and health effects Updated throughout, this second edition continues to be an essential resource for those who study exposure, dosages, and toxicity to develop treatments for exposure, reduce air pollution, and establish better safety regulations, particularly in industries using nanotechnologies.

The Mechanics of Inhaled Pharmaceutical Aerosols

Author : Warren H. Finlay
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 9780122569715
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (697 download)

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Book Synopsis The Mechanics of Inhaled Pharmaceutical Aerosols by : Warren H. Finlay

Download or read book The Mechanics of Inhaled Pharmaceutical Aerosols written by Warren H. Finlay and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2001-07-06 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Mechanics of Inhaled Pharmaceutical Aerosols, An Introduction provides a unique and comprehensive treatment of the mechanics of inhaled pharmaceutical aerosols. The book covers a wide range of topics and many new perspectives are given by drawing on research from a variety of fields. Novel, in-depth expositions of the most common delivery devices are given, including nebulizers, dry powder inhalers and propellant metered dose inhalers. The behaviour of aerosols in the respiratory tract is explained in detail, with complete coverage of the fundamentals of current deposition models. The book begins by providing a comprehensive introduction to aspects of aerosol mechanics that are relevant to inhaled pharmaceutical aerosols. It then gives an exhaustive pedagogical description of the behaviour of evaporating and condensing droplets (both aqueous and propellant-based), an introductory chapter on lung geometry and inhalation patterns, and coverage of relevant aspects of fluid mechanics in the lung. Finally, the book provides invaluable, detailed coverage on the mechanics of common pharmaceutical aerosol delivery systems and deposition in the respiratory tract. Throughout the book are many detailed numerical examples that apply the salient concepts to typical inhaled pharmaceutical aerosols. This book will be of interest to scientists and engineers involved in the research and development of inhaled pharmaceutical aerosol products. Experienced practitioners will find many new perspectives that will greatly enhance their understanding of this complex and rapidly growing field. For those delivering therapeutic agents to the lung, this book is a must-have. Students and academics will find this book an invaluable tool and for newcomers it is a worthy guide to the diverse fields that must be understood to work in the area of inhaled pharmaceutical aerosols.

Microfluidics

Author : Yu Song
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527341064
Total Pages : 576 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (273 download)

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Book Synopsis Microfluidics by : Yu Song

Download or read book Microfluidics written by Yu Song and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-05-07 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first book offering a global overview of fundamental microfluidics and the wide range of possible applications, for example, in chemistry, biology, and biomedical science. As such, it summarizes recent progress in microfluidics, including its origin and development, the theoretical fundamentals, and fabrication techniques for microfluidic devices. The book also comprehensively covers the fluid mechanics, physics and chemistry as well as applications in such different fields as detection and synthesis of inorganic and organic materials. A useful reference for non-specialists and a basic guideline for research scientists and technicians already active in this field or intending to work in microfluidics.

Respiratory Drug Delivery (1989)

Author : Peter R. Byron
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1351358014
Total Pages : 571 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (513 download)

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Book Synopsis Respiratory Drug Delivery (1989) by : Peter R. Byron

Download or read book Respiratory Drug Delivery (1989) written by Peter R. Byron and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-04-20 with total page 571 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The focus of this book is on subjects related to drug delivery to the lung. The text spans topics from aerosol deposition through pharmaceutical chemistry and formulation to the final clinical evaluation of pharmaceutical products. Utilizing a multi-disciplinary approach, the chapters consider toxicology from the point of view of drugs and pharmaceutical excipients used in aerosols.

IAEA Safety Glossary

Author : International Atomic Energy Agency
Publisher : International Atomic Energy Agency
ISBN 13 : 9789201047182
Total Pages : 261 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (471 download)

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Book Synopsis IAEA Safety Glossary by : International Atomic Energy Agency

Download or read book IAEA Safety Glossary written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by International Atomic Energy Agency. This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The IAEA Safety Glossary defines and explains technical terms used in the IAEA Safety Standards and other safety related IAEA publications, and provides information on their usage. The 2018 Edition of the IAEA Safety Glossary is a new edition of the IAEA Safety Glossary, originally issued in 2007. It has been revised and updated to take into account new terminology and usage in safety standards issued between 2007 and 2018. The revisions and updates reflect developments in the technical areas of application of the safety standards and changes in regulatory approaches in Member States.

Clinical and Biomedical Engineering in the Human Nose

Author : Kiao Inthavong
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811567166
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (115 download)

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Book Synopsis Clinical and Biomedical Engineering in the Human Nose by : Kiao Inthavong

Download or read book Clinical and Biomedical Engineering in the Human Nose written by Kiao Inthavong and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-16 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores computational fluid dynamics in the context of the human nose, allowing readers to gain a better understanding of its anatomy and physiology and integrates recent advances in clinical rhinology, otolaryngology and respiratory physiology research. It focuses on advanced research topics, such as virtual surgery, AI-assisted clinical applications and therapy, as well as the latest computational modeling techniques, controversies, challenges and future directions in simulation using CFD software. Presenting perspectives and insights from computational experts and clinical specialists (ENT) combined with technical details of the computational modeling techniques from engineers, this unique reference book will give direction to and inspire future research in this emerging field.

Comparative Biology of the Normal Lung

Author : Richard A. Parent
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0124047262
Total Pages : 835 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (24 download)

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Book Synopsis Comparative Biology of the Normal Lung by : Richard A. Parent

Download or read book Comparative Biology of the Normal Lung written by Richard A. Parent and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-03-13 with total page 835 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comparative Biology of the Normal Lung, Second Edition, offers a rigorous and comprehensive reference for all those involved in pulmonary research. This fully updated work is divided into sections on anatomy and morphology, physiology, biochemistry, and immunological response. It continues to provide a unique comparative perspective on the mammalian lung. This edition includes several new chapters and expanded content, including aging and development of the normal lung, mechanical properties of the lung, genetic polymorphisms, the comparative effect of stress of pulmonary immune function, oxygen signaling in the mammalian lung and much more. By addressing scientific advances and critical issues in lung research, this 2nd edition is a timely and valuable work on comparative data for the interpretation of studies of animal models as compared to the human lung. - Edited and authored by experts in the field to provide an excellent and timely review of cross-species comparisons that will help you interpret and compare data from animal studies to human findings - Incorporates lung anatomy and physiology, cell specific interactions and immunological responses to provide you with a single and unique multidisciplinary source on the comparative biology of the normal lung - Includes new and expanded content on neonatal and aged lungs, developmental processes, cell signaling, antioxidants, airway cells, safety pharmacology and much more - Section IV on Physical and Immunological Defenses has been significantly updated with 9 new chapters and an increased focus on the pulmonary immunological system

Pharmacotherapy Handbook, Seventh Edition

Author : Barbara G. Wells
Publisher : McGraw Hill Professional
ISBN 13 : 0071643265
Total Pages : 1066 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (716 download)

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Book Synopsis Pharmacotherapy Handbook, Seventh Edition by : Barbara G. Wells

Download or read book Pharmacotherapy Handbook, Seventh Edition written by Barbara G. Wells and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2009-01-14 with total page 1066 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essential Pharmacotherapy Data at Your Fingertips! A Doody's Core Title ESSENTIAL PURCHASE! 4 STAR DOODY'S REVIEW "The book addresses all aspects of 84 disease states and disorders, from presentation and pathology to treatment and monitoring. Each chapter focuses on individual groups of medication considered for treatment and gives a concise overview of them in easy to see bulleted points. The qualities that I find especially useful are that charts and algorithms are easily identifiable and tables are shaded light gray for quick reference . . . Although this handbook contains an enormous amount of information, it conveniently fits into a lab coat pocket. It is an extremely useful reference." -- Doody's Pharmacotherapy Handbook delivers the essential information you need to quickly and confidently make drug therapy decisions for eighty-four diseases and disorders. Featuring a convenient alphabetized presentation, the book utilizes text, tables, figures, and treatment algorithms to make important drug data readily accessible and easily understandable. Features: Consistent chapter organization that includes: Disease state definition, Concise review of relevant pathophysiology, Clinical presentation, Diagnosis, Desired outcome, Treatment, Monitoring Six valuable appendices, including a new one on the management of pharmacotherapy in the elderly NEW chapters on adrenal gland disorders and influenza The ideal companion to Pharmacology: A Pathophysiologic Approach, 7e by Joseph DiPiro et al.

Understanding Mechanical Ventilation

Author : Ashfaq Hasan
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1848828691
Total Pages : 554 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (488 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Mechanical Ventilation by : Ashfaq Hasan

Download or read book Understanding Mechanical Ventilation written by Ashfaq Hasan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-02-01 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Simplify, simplify! Henry David Thoreau For writers of technical books, there can be no better piece of advice. Around the time of writing the first edition – about a decade ago – there were very few monographs on this s- ject: today, there are possibly no less than 20. Based on critical inputs, this edition stands thoroughly revamped. New chapters on ventilator waveforms, airway humidification, and aerosol therapy in the ICU now find a place. Novel software-based modes of ventilation have been included. Ventilator-associated pneumonia has been se- rated into a new chapter. Many new diagrams and algorithms have been added. As in the previous edition, considerable energy has been spent in presenting the material in a reader-friendly, conv- sational style. And as before, the book remains firmly rooted in physiology. My thanks are due to Madhu Reddy, Director of Universities Press – formerly a professional associate and now a friend, P. Sudhir, my tireless Pulmonary Function Lab technician who found the time to type the bits and pieces of this manuscript in between patients, A. Sobha for superbly organizing my time, Grant Weston and Cate Rogers at Springer, London, Balasaraswathi Jayakumar at Spi, India for her tremendous support, and to Dr. C. Eshwar Prasad, who, for his words of advice, I should have thanked years ago. vii viii Preface to the Second Edition Above all, I thank my wife and daughters, for understanding.

Drug Delivery to the Lung

Author : Hans Bisgaard
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0824741978
Total Pages : 536 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (247 download)

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Book Synopsis Drug Delivery to the Lung by : Hans Bisgaard

Download or read book Drug Delivery to the Lung written by Hans Bisgaard and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001-10-02 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the aerosol treatment of lung diseases, recent improvements in the understanding of proper dosage, and major innovations in device technology applied to clinical practice. Examines the behavior of inspired spherical particles in the respiratory tract!Featuring over 1300 references, drawings, tables, and photographs.

Inhaled Medicines

Author : Stavros Kassinos
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128149744
Total Pages : 438 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Inhaled Medicines by : Stavros Kassinos

Download or read book Inhaled Medicines written by Stavros Kassinos and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-02-05 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inhaled medicines are widely used to treat pulmonary and systemic diseases. The efficacy and safety of these medicines can be influenced by the deposited fraction, the regional deposition pattern within the lungs and by post-depositional events such as drug dissolution, absorption and clearance from the lungs. Optimizing performance of treatments thus requires that we understand and are able to quantify these product and drug attributes. Inhaled Medicines: Optimizing Development through Integration of In Silico, In Vitro and In Vivo Approaches explores the current state of the art with respect to inhalation drug delivery, technologies available to assess product performance, and novel in silico methods now available to link in vitro product performance to clinical performance. Recent developments in the latter field, especially the prospect of integration of three-dimensional Computational Fluid Particle Methods (3D-CFPD) with physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK models), unlocks the potential for in silico population studies that can help inform and optimize treatment and product development strategies. In this highly multidisciplinary field, where progress occurs at the intersection of several disciplines of engineering and science, this work aims to integrate current knowledge and understanding and to articulate a clear vision for future developments. ? Considers the healthcare needs driving the field, and where inhaled drugs could have the maximum impact ? Gives a concise account of the state of the art in key areas and technologies such as device and formulation technologies, clinically relevant in vitro performance assessment, medical imaging, as well as in silico modelling and simulation ? Articulates how the combination of in vitro product performance data, medical imaging and simulations technologies in the framework of large scale in silico pre-clinical trials could revolutionize the field ? Provides systematic and thorough referencing to sources offering a more-in-depth analysis of technical issues

CT of the Airways

Author : Phillip M. Boiselle
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1597451398
Total Pages : 408 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (974 download)

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Book Synopsis CT of the Airways by : Phillip M. Boiselle

Download or read book CT of the Airways written by Phillip M. Boiselle and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-01-25 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comprehensive review of large and small airways disorders. It begins with four introductory chapters devoted to airway physiology, anatomy, and anatomical and functional CT imaging methods. These chapters are followed by coverage of large airways disorders in adults, including airway stenoses, neoplasms, malacia and bronchiectasis. The next section examines small airways disorders in adults, including asthma, infectious and non-infectious small airways disorders, obliterative bronchiolitis, and smoking-related airway diseases. The final two chapters detail pediatric large and small airway disorders.

Pathology of Asbestos-Associated Diseases

Author : Victor L. Roggli
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 038721819X
Total Pages : 437 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (872 download)

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Book Synopsis Pathology of Asbestos-Associated Diseases by : Victor L. Roggli

Download or read book Pathology of Asbestos-Associated Diseases written by Victor L. Roggli and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-04-29 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pathology of Asbestos-Associated Diseases integrates the newest research and advances in its discussion of asbestos-induced diseases. Organized in 13 chapters, the book begins with background information on the mineralogy of asbestos, occupation and environmental exposure to asbestos, and asbestosis. A detailed discussion on mesothelioma includes a historical background, addresses etiologic considerations and epidemiology, pathologic features, differential diagnosis and treatment and prognosis. Guidelines for assessing and identifying asbestos-associated carcinomas of the lung, including histopathology and differential diagnosis, are discussed. The text also addresses the explosion of research in the area of molecular biology and the abundance of information bearing on the mechanisms by which asbestos causes disease. Chapters also cover cytopathology and experimental models of asbestos-related diseases. The diseases associated with asbestos have significant medico-legal implications, and there are two chapters dedicated to addressing the issue. More than 190 illustrations complement the text. An invaluable reference for the pathologist, pulmonologist, radiologist, and occupational medical practitioner interested in asbestos-related disease as well as malpractice attorneys needing an understanding of asbestos, the diseases it induces, prognosis and clinical implications.

Inhalation Studies

Author : Robert F. Phalen
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780849314001
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Inhalation Studies by : Robert F. Phalen

Download or read book Inhalation Studies written by Robert F. Phalen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2008-10-22 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This significantly updated and expanded new edition presents the scientific foundations of inhalation research essential to the design and conduct of toxicologic studies. It incorporates the major advances that have been made in the field, including recent advances in biology and the rapidly increasing global concerns and studies on particulate air pollution. The Second Edition was motivated by: new developments in the ultrafine particle health effects and concentrated aerosol research advances in understanding postnatal lung growth and the deposition and clearance of inhaled particles new techniques in toxicity testing the explosion of knowledge in the genetic and molecular realms the introduction of a large number of transgenic animal models updated ethical guidelines for animal testing the emergence of aerosol medicine the growing threat of aerosol-related terrorism increased appreciation of nonpulmonary effects of inhaled substances use of medical scanning techniques to study respiratory tract structure the introduction of new inhalation exposure systems the emergence of aerosol concentrators for use in air pollution studies