Characteristics And Risk Factors Associated With Work Zone Crashes

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Characteristics and Risk Factors Associated with Work Zone Crashes

Author : Sreekanth Reddy Akepati
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (692 download)

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Book Synopsis Characteristics and Risk Factors Associated with Work Zone Crashes by : Sreekanth Reddy Akepati

Download or read book Characteristics and Risk Factors Associated with Work Zone Crashes written by Sreekanth Reddy Akepati and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, approximately 1,100 people die and 40,000 people are injured annually as a result of motor vehicle crashes in work zones. These numbers may be a result of interruption to regular traffic flow caused by closed traffic lanes, poor traffic management within work zones, general misunderstanding of problems associated with work zones, or improper usage of traffic control devices. In regard to safety of work zones, this study was conducted to identify characteristics and risk factors associated with work zone crashes in Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska and Wisconsin, states currently included in the Smart Work Zone Deployment Initiative (SWZDI) region. The study was conducted in two stages. In the first stage, characteristics and contributory causes related to work zone crashes such as environmental conditions, vehicles, crashes, drivers, and roadways were analyzed for the five states for the period 2002-2006. An analysis of percentage-wise distributions was carried out for each variable based on different conditions. Results showed that most of the work zone crashes occurred under clear environmental conditions as during daylight, no adverse weather, etc. Multiple-vehicle crashes were more predominant than single-vehicle crashes in work zone crashes. Primary driver-contributing factors of work zone crashes were inattentive driving, following too close for conditions, failure to yield right of way, driving too fast for conditions, and exceeding posted speed limits within work zones. A test of independency was performed to find the relation between crash severity and other work zone variables for the combined states. In the second stage, a statistical model was developed to identify risk factors associated with work zone crashes. In order to predict injury severity of work zone crashes, an ordered probit model analysis was carried out using the Iowa work zone crash database. According to findings of the severity model, work zone crashes involving trucks, light duty vehicles, vehicles following too close, sideswipe collisions of same-direction vehicles, nondeployment of airbags, and driver age are some of the contributing factors towards more severe crashes.

Evaluation of Work Zone Crashes in California

Author : Dheeraj Varma Lakamraju
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 96 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (12 download)

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Book Synopsis Evaluation of Work Zone Crashes in California by : Dheeraj Varma Lakamraju

Download or read book Evaluation of Work Zone Crashes in California written by Dheeraj Varma Lakamraju and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Work zone crashes have been a major concern of safety for many government agencies and travelling public. According to Federal Highway Administration(FHWA) Fact & Statistics, there is need for maintenance, rehabilitation and advancement of existing road networks, which in turn lead to setup of large number of work zones throughout US which eventually impacts the regular traffic flow and safety. The main objective of this project was to find work zone crash characteristics and risk factors that affect the crash severity. For that purpose data relating to work zone crashes that occurred on all roadways in the state of California for the years 2011 to 2016 were obtained from Statewide Integrated Traffic Records System (SWITRS). A total of 12 variables with 45136 crashes were used to develop a crash severity model. The first step of the study was gathering literature on previous studies relating to work zone crash analysis. In the second step, the work zone crash data for each variable was analyzed based on crash severity and crash patterns were determined. In the third step, each variable was statistically analyzed to determine significant differences between the variable and the dependent variable using Pearson chi-square statistical test. A total of 10 variables out of 12 variables were found to have a significant relationship between the dependent variable. In the fourth step, a binary logistic regression model was used to determine significant predictors of fatal crashes. In this study, the independent variables such as location of crash, violation category, crash type, motor vehicle involved with, lighting condition, alcohol involved, and driver???s gender were found to be significant predictors of fatal crashes at work zones in the state of California for years 2011-2016.

Work Zone Crash Analysis and Modeling to Identify Factors Associated with Crash Severity and Frequency

Author : Sunanda Dissanayake
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (97 download)

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Book Synopsis Work Zone Crash Analysis and Modeling to Identify Factors Associated with Crash Severity and Frequency by : Sunanda Dissanayake

Download or read book Work Zone Crash Analysis and Modeling to Identify Factors Associated with Crash Severity and Frequency written by Sunanda Dissanayake and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The safe and efficient flow of traffic through work zones must be established by improving work zone conditions. Therefore, identifying the factors associated with the severity and the frequency of work zone crashes is important. According to current statistics from the Federal Highway Administration, 2,372 fatalities were associated with motor vehicle traffic crashes in work zones in the United States during the four years from 2010 to 2013. From 2002 to 2014, an average of 1,612 work zone crashes occurred in Kansas each year, making it a serious concern in Kansas. The objectives of this study were to analyze work zone crash characteristics, identify the factors associated with crash severity and frequency, and to identify recommendations to improve work zone safety. Work zone crashes in Kansas from 2010 to 2013 were used to develop crash severity models. Ordered probit regression was used to model the crash severities for daytime, nighttime, multi-vehicle and single-vehicle work zone crashes and for work zones crashes in general. Based on severity models, drivers from 26 to 65 years of age were associated with high crash severities during daytime work zone crashes and driver age was not found significant in nighttime work zone crashes. The use of safety equipment was related to reduced crash severities regardless of the time of the crash. Negative binomial regression was used to model the work zone crash frequency using work zones functioned in Kansas in 2013 and 2014. According to results, increased average daily traffic (AADT) was related to higher number of work zone crashes and work zones in operation at nighttime were related to a reduced number of work zone crashes. Findings of this study were used to provide general countermeasure ideas for improving safety of work zones" (page ii).

Crash Characteristics at Work Zones

Author : Nicholas J. Garber
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Crash Characteristics at Work Zones by : Nicholas J. Garber

Download or read book Crash Characteristics at Work Zones written by Nicholas J. Garber and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Work zones tend to cause hazardous conditions for drivers and construction workers since they generate conflicts between construction activities and traffic. A clear understanding of the characteristics of work zone crashes will enhance the selection of the appropriate measures that can minimize the negative impacts of work zones. This study investigated the characteristics of work zone crashes that occurred in Virginia between 1996 and 1999. The information on each crash was obtained from the police crash record. The location of each crash was categorized as being in one of the five areas of a typical work zone: advance warning area, transition area, longitudinal buffer area, activity area, and termination area. An analysis of the percentage distributions was then carried out with respect to area in work zone, severity, type of collision, and type of highway. The proportionality test was used to determine significant differences at the 5 percent significance level. Selected crash characteristics, such as the proportions of single- and multi-vehicle crashes, were compared for work zone and non-work zone crashes. The results indicated that the activity area was the predominant location for work zone crashes regardless of highway type and that rear-end crashes were the predominant type of crash. The results also indicated that the proportion of sideswipe same direction crashes in the transition area was significantly higher than in the advance warning area and that work zone crashes involved a higher proportion of multi-vehicle crashes and fatal crashes than did non-work zone crashes.

Work Zone Safety

Author : Suzanna Long
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 108 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (896 download)

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Book Synopsis Work Zone Safety by : Suzanna Long

Download or read book Work Zone Safety written by Suzanna Long and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Statistical and Econometric Methods for Transportation Data Analysis

Author : Simon Washington
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0429520751
Total Pages : 496 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (295 download)

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Book Synopsis Statistical and Econometric Methods for Transportation Data Analysis by : Simon Washington

Download or read book Statistical and Econometric Methods for Transportation Data Analysis written by Simon Washington and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-01-30 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book's website (with databases and other support materials) can be accessed here. Praise for the Second Edition: The second edition introduces an especially broad set of statistical methods ... As a lecturer in both transportation and marketing research, I find this book an excellent textbook for advanced undergraduate, Master’s and Ph.D. students, covering topics from simple descriptive statistics to complex Bayesian models. ... It is one of the few books that cover an extensive set of statistical methods needed for data analysis in transportation. The book offers a wealth of examples from the transportation field. —The American Statistician Statistical and Econometric Methods for Transportation Data Analysis, Third Edition offers an expansion over the first and second editions in response to the recent methodological advancements in the fields of econometrics and statistics and to provide an increasing range of examples and corresponding data sets. It describes and illustrates some of the statistical and econometric tools commonly used in transportation data analysis. It provides a wide breadth of examples and case studies, covering applications in various aspects of transportation planning, engineering, safety, and economics. Ample analytical rigor is provided in each chapter so that fundamental concepts and principles are clear and numerous references are provided for those seeking additional technical details and applications. New to the Third Edition Updated references and improved examples throughout. New sections on random parameters linear regression and ordered probability models including the hierarchical ordered probit model. A new section on random parameters models with heterogeneity in the means and variances of parameter estimates. Multiple new sections on correlated random parameters and correlated grouped random parameters in probit, logit and hazard-based models. A new section discussing the practical aspects of random parameters model estimation. A new chapter on Latent Class Models. A new chapter on Bivariate and Multivariate Dependent Variable Models. Statistical and Econometric Methods for Transportation Data Analysis, Third Edition can serve as a textbook for advanced undergraduate, Masters, and Ph.D. students in transportation-related disciplines including engineering, economics, urban and regional planning, and sociology. The book also serves as a technical reference for researchers and practitioners wishing to examine and understand a broad range of statistical and econometric tools required to study transportation problems.

Study on Crash Characteristics and Injury Severity at Roadway Work Zones

Author : Qing Wang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (436 download)

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Book Synopsis Study on Crash Characteristics and Injury Severity at Roadway Work Zones by : Qing Wang

Download or read book Study on Crash Characteristics and Injury Severity at Roadway Work Zones written by Qing Wang and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: In USA, despite recent efforts to improve work zone safety, the number of crashes and fatalities at work zones has increased continuously over several past years. For addressing the existing safety problems, a clear understanding of the characteristics of work zone crashes is necessary. This thesis summarized a research study focusing on work zone traffic crash analysis to investigate the characteristics of work zone crashes and to identify the factors contributing to injury severity at work zones. These factors included roadway design, environmental conditions, traffic conditions and vehicle/driver features. Especially, special population groups, which divided into older, middle Age, and young, were inspected. This study was based on history crash data from the Florida State, which were extracted from the Florida CAR (Crash Analysis Reporting) system. Descriptive statistics method was used to find the characteristics of crashes at work zones. After then, an injury severity predict model, using the ordered probit regression technology, was developed to investigate the impacts of various factors on different the injury severity at work zones. From the model, it can be concluded that some factors, including the road section with curve, alcohol/drugs involved, a high speed, angle crash and too young or old drivers are more likely to increase the probability of angle crashes. Based on the magnitudes of the variable coefficients, the factor of maximum posted speed have a great impact to injury severity, which shows restriction to driving speed is principle countermeasure for improving work zone safety.

Determining Major Causes of Highway Work Zone Accidents in Kansas

Author : Yong Bai
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 172 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Determining Major Causes of Highway Work Zone Accidents in Kansas by : Yong Bai

Download or read book Determining Major Causes of Highway Work Zone Accidents in Kansas written by Yong Bai and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary objective of this research was to investigate the characteristics of fatal crashes and risk factors to these crashes in the work zones so that effective countermeasures could be developed and implemented in the near future. The objective was accomplished using a four-step approach.

Integrated Work Zone Safety Management System and Analysis Tools

Author : Jian John Lu
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 181 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (275 download)

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Book Synopsis Integrated Work Zone Safety Management System and Analysis Tools by : Jian John Lu

Download or read book Integrated Work Zone Safety Management System and Analysis Tools written by Jian John Lu and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Estimating the Safety Effects of Work Zone Characteristics and Countermeasures

Author : Gerald L. Ullman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780309446754
Total Pages : 68 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (467 download)

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Book Synopsis Estimating the Safety Effects of Work Zone Characteristics and Countermeasures by : Gerald L. Ullman

Download or read book Estimating the Safety Effects of Work Zone Characteristics and Countermeasures written by Gerald L. Ullman and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Advances in Human Aspects of Transportation

Author : Neville Stanton
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030800121
Total Pages : 648 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in Human Aspects of Transportation by : Neville Stanton

Download or read book Advances in Human Aspects of Transportation written by Neville Stanton and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-06-26 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the latest advances in the research and development, design, operation, and analysis of transportation systems, including road, rail, aviation, aerospace and maritime as well as their supporting systems and infrastructure. Focusing specifically on the contributions made by human factors and ergonomics, it analyses a wealth of topics, methods and technologies associated to accident analysis, automated and autonomous vehicles, assessment of comfort and distraction of drivers, and environmental concerns, giving emphasis to intelligent transport systems and driver-assistance systems, among other topics. Based on contributions to the AHFE 2021 Conference on Human Aspects of Transportation, held virtually on July 25-29, 2021, from USA, this book offers extensive information on the latest human factors and ergonomics thinking and practice in the area of transportation, and a thought-provoking guide to researchers, graduate students and professionals in this field.

توازن القوى بين العرب واسرائيل

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (235 download)

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Book Synopsis توازن القوى بين العرب واسرائيل by :

Download or read book توازن القوى بين العرب واسرائيل written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Determining the Extent and Characteristics of Overrepresentation of Large Truck Crashes in Daytime and Nighttime Work Zones

Author : Naveen Mokkapati
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (69 download)

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Book Synopsis Determining the Extent and Characteristics of Overrepresentation of Large Truck Crashes in Daytime and Nighttime Work Zones by : Naveen Mokkapati

Download or read book Determining the Extent and Characteristics of Overrepresentation of Large Truck Crashes in Daytime and Nighttime Work Zones written by Naveen Mokkapati and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The growth of vehicle travel in the United States has accelerated wear on the interstate highway system leading to frequent pavement repair and rehabilitation projects. The presence of work zones not only causes traffic congestion and backup but also increases the crash risk. Therefore, the FHWA (Federal Highway Administration) has allotted a significant amount of funds to improve work zone traffic safety and operations. This thesis compares truck and automobile crash characteristics in work zones with those of non-work zones and thus identifies engineering countermeasures to improve work zone truck safety. The researcher used a contingency analysis approach in this study. First, he categorized the North Carolina crash data using different variables. Once categorized, the Breslow-Day test is used to compare the odds of truck and automobile crashes between work zones and non-work zones. Overall, the researcher did not find a significant difference between odds of truck and automobile crashes compared to previous studies. The researcher believes that the difference in results between the present study and the previous studies could either be due to differences in the approach used or better truck management techniques employed by the North Carolina DOT (Department of Transportation). The researcher also identified that the maintenance projects performed during the day had a significantly higher odds of truck crashes relative to that of automobiles in work zones compared to control sections when workers were present, either with a lane closure or without a lane closure. The researcher believes that the results from the day maintenance projects and its subcategories are the key findings of this study. Therefore, these key findings are used to identify the possible reasons and countermeasures for any disproportionate change in truck to automobile crashes. The identified list of countermeasures includes the use of law enforcement, a smart work zone system, a dynamic late merge system, CMS (Changeable Message Signs), speed display signs, and a CB (Citizen Band) Wizard. These countermeasures were checked for cost effectiveness using a benefit cost (B/C) analysis. The researcher found that law enforcement, smart work zones with costs lower than or equal to half a million dollars, CMS, speed display signs, and the CB Wizard have B/C ratios greater than one and seem to be worthwhile for deployment in work zones. Smart work zones with significantly higher costs of 2.5 million dollars, for example, could be deployed using a more detailed analysis of work zone characteristics. Finally, dynamic late merge system could be used if the site conditions indicate a crash reduction potential of at least 10 -- 15 percent.

Vehicle Accidents in Highway Work Zones

Author : Bradley T. Hargroves
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (136 download)

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Book Synopsis Vehicle Accidents in Highway Work Zones by : Bradley T. Hargroves

Download or read book Vehicle Accidents in Highway Work Zones written by Bradley T. Hargroves and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this study was to determine the magnitude and characteristics of safety problems, in terms of reported accidents, that are associated with moving vehicular traffic around and through highway work zones. This was accomplished by examining the 2,127 reported work zone accidents that occurred in 1977 in Virginia. These represented roughly 1.5% of all reported accidents. It was estimated, however, that due to the sampling procedure, only about 82% of the total number of (reported) work zone accidents were identified. Examined were work zone accidents, general and specific locations of the accidents, time of the accidents, roadway and environmental factors, characteristics of the work zone, causes of the accidents, and accident severity. Where data were available, comparisons of accidents were made of the characteristics of the work zone accidents to those found in the literature and to those for all Virginia accidents.

Safety Research on Highway Infrastructure and Operations

Author : National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Research Priorities and Coordination in Highway Infrastructure and Operations Safety
Publisher : Transportation Research Board
ISBN 13 : 0309113148
Total Pages : 169 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Safety Research on Highway Infrastructure and Operations by : National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Research Priorities and Coordination in Highway Infrastructure and Operations Safety

Download or read book Safety Research on Highway Infrastructure and Operations written by National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Research Priorities and Coordination in Highway Infrastructure and Operations Safety and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2008 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "TRB Special Report 292 ... recommends the creation of an independent scientific advisory committee (SAC). The SAC would be charged with development of a transparent process for identifying and prioritizing research needs and opportunities in highway safety, with emphasis on infrastructure and operations, and using the process developed to recommend a national research agenda focused on highway infrastructure and operations safety. The report also explores opportunities to improve the quality of highway safety research." -- publisher's website.

Journal of Transportation and Statistics

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 492 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)

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Book Synopsis Journal of Transportation and Statistics by :

Download or read book Journal of Transportation and Statistics written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Data Collection Needs for Work Zone Incidents

Author : Grady Thomas Carrick
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (649 download)

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Book Synopsis Data Collection Needs for Work Zone Incidents by : Grady Thomas Carrick

Download or read book Data Collection Needs for Work Zone Incidents written by Grady Thomas Carrick and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: Roadway construction has become a common fixture in our daily travels. According to the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), fatalities in highway work zones were up nearly 50% between 1997 and 2003. In 2003 alone, there were 41,000 injuries and 1,028 fatalities in these locations. Increasingly, safety interests are searching for characteristics associated with work zones that contribute to the dangers of such areas. Like many aspects of traffic safety, a better understanding of the contributing factors in crashes can potentially lead to improved countermeasures. Examining crash data is a principal method by which engineers, police, and safety advocates attempt to determine those factors, but such data are often incomplete. The prospect of improving the data set requires examining the potential of a supplemental data collection system. Using qualitative research, work zone stakeholders potentially provide a better understanding of work zone incidents, rendering new data elements. Creating a web-based supplemental collection system can assist police in gathering the data while completing the current traffic crash report. Supplemental data elements and collection systems have the potential to enrich the data set, and bolster the cause of safety.