Characteristics and Contributory Causes Associated with Fatal Large Truck Crashes

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (692 download)

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Book Synopsis Characteristics and Contributory Causes Associated with Fatal Large Truck Crashes by : Nishitha Naveen Kumar Bezwada

Download or read book Characteristics and Contributory Causes Associated with Fatal Large Truck Crashes written by Nishitha Naveen Kumar Bezwada and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One-ninth of all traffic fatalities in the United States (U.S.) in the past five years have involved large trucks, although large trucks contributed to only 3% of registered vehicles and 7% of vehicle miles traveled. This crash overrepresentation indicates that truck crashes in general tend to be more severe than other crashes, though they constitute a smaller portion of vehicles on the road. To study this issue, fatal crash data from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) was used to analyze characteristics and factors contributing to truck-involved crashes. Driver, vehicle, and crash-related contributory causes were identified, and as an extension, the likelihood of occurrence of these contributory causes in truck-involved crashes (with respect to non-truck crashes) was evaluated using the Bayesian Statistical approach. Likelihood ratios indicated that factors such as stopped or unattended vehicles and improper following have greater probability of occurrence in truck crashes than in non-truck crashes. Also, Multinomial Logistic Regression was used to model the type of fatal crash (truck vs. non-truck) to compare the relative significance of various factors in truck and non-truck crashes. Factors such as cellular phone usage, failure to yield right of way, inattentiveness, and failure to obey traffic rules also have a greater probability in fatal truck crashes. Among several other factors, inadequate warning signs and poor shoulder conditions were also found to have greater predominance in contributing to truck crashes than non-truck crashes. By addressing these factors through the implementation of appropriate remedial measures, the truck safety experience could be improved, which would eventually help in improving overall safety of the transportation system.

Characteristics and Contributory Causes Related to Large Truck Crashes (phase I)

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 77 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (77 download)

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Book Synopsis Characteristics and Contributory Causes Related to Large Truck Crashes (phase I) by : Sunanda Dissanayake

Download or read book Characteristics and Contributory Causes Related to Large Truck Crashes (phase I) written by Sunanda Dissanayake and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Characteristics and Contributory Causes Related to Large Truck Crashes

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (86 download)

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Book Synopsis Characteristics and Contributory Causes Related to Large Truck Crashes by : Siddhartha Kotikalapudi

Download or read book Characteristics and Contributory Causes Related to Large Truck Crashes written by Siddhartha Kotikalapudi and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to improve safety of the overall surface transportation system, each of the critical areas needs to be addressed separately with more focused attention. Statistics clearly show that large-truck crashes contribute significantly to an increased percentage of high-severity crashes. It is therefore important for the highway safety community to identify characteristics and contributory causes related to large-truck crashes. During the first phase of this study, fatal crash data from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) database were studied to achieve that objective. In this second phase, truck-crashes of all severity levels were analyzed with the intention of understanding characteristics and contributory causes, and identifying factors contributing to increased severity of truck-crashes, which could not be achieved by analyzing fatal crashes alone. Various statistical methodologies such as cross-classification analysis and severity models were developed using Kansas crash data. Various driver-, road-, environment- and vehicle- related characteristics were identified and contributory causes were analyzed. From the cross-classification analysis, severity of truck-crashes was found to be related with variables such as road surface (type, character and condition), accident class, collision type, driver- and environment-related contributory causes, traffic-control type, truck-maneuver, crash location, speed limit, light and weather conditions, time of day, functional class, lane class, and Average Annual Daily Traffic (AADT). Other variables such as age of truck driver, day of the week, gender of truck-driver, pedestrian- and truck-related contributory causes were found to have no relationship with crash severity of large trucks. Furthermore, driver-related contributory causes were found to be more common than any other type of contributory cause for the occurrence of truck-crashes. Failing to give time and attention, being too fast for existing conditions, and failing to yield right of way were the most dominant truck-driver-related contributory causes, among many others. Through the severity modeling, factors such as truck-driver-related contributory cause, accident class, manner of collision, truck-driver under the influence of alcohol, truck maneuver, traffic control device, surface condition, truck-driver being too fast for existing conditions, truck-driver being trapped, damage to the truck, light conditions, etc. were found to be significantly related with increased severity of truck-crashes. Truck-driver being trapped had the highest odds of contributing to a more severe crash with a value of 82.81 followed by the collision resulting in damage to the truck, which had 3.05 times higher odds of increasing the severity of truck-crashes. Truck-driver under the influence of alcohol had 2.66 times higher odds of contributing to a more severe crash. Besides traditional practices like providing adequate traffic signs, ensuring proper lane markings, provision of rumble strips and elevated medians, use of technology to develop and implement intelligent countermeasures were recommended. These include Automated Truck Rollover Warning System to mitigate truck-crashes involving rollovers, Lane Drift Warning Systems (LDWS) to prevent run-off-road collisions, Speed Limiters (SLs) to control the speed of the truck, connecting vehicle technologies like Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) integration system to prevent head-on collisions etc., among many others. Proper development and implementation of these countermeasures in a cost effective manner will help mitigate the number and severity of truck-crashes, thereby improving the overall safety of the transportation system.

Traffic and Geometric Characteristics Affecting the Involvement of Large Trucks in Accidents

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 76 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (896 download)

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Book Synopsis Traffic and Geometric Characteristics Affecting the Involvement of Large Trucks in Accidents by : Nicholas J. Garber

Download or read book Traffic and Geometric Characteristics Affecting the Involvement of Large Trucks in Accidents written by Nicholas J. Garber and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent trends indicate that vehicle miles traveled for large trucks is increasing at a higher rate than for other vehicles. The resulting competition between large trucks and other vehicles for highway space can be expected to result in more multi-vehicle collisions involving large trucks. The likelihood of these collisions causing severe injuries to vehicle occupants will also increase with the trend towards the use of smaller automobiles and heavier and larger trucks. In order to develop countermeasures that will alleviate this problem, it is first necessary to identify the characteristics of large-truck accidents and the role of traffic and geometric variables in such accidents ents. The major factors associated with large-truck accidents including the effect of highway facility type and highway geometry are investigated. Changes in large-truck accidents for periods before and after 1982 are evaluated by a comparison of pre- and post-1982 accident involvement rates. Factors that might have affected large-truck travel and accident rates include the Surface Transportation Assistance Act of 1982 (STAA), the improvement of the nation's economy, and deregulation of the trucking industry. The results indicate that fatal crashes involving large trucks have been increasing in contrast to all other vehicles, for which the fatality rates are constant for the same period. Driver-related factors are associated with 75 percent of all accidents involving trucks, and driver error is associated with SO percent of all fatal truck accidents. A significant correlation is also observed between driver error and highway alignment in accidents involving trucks. The risk of a fatality in a multi-vehicle accident involving a truck and another vehicle is found LO be highest on two-way undivided facilities. On divided, limited access facilities, this risk is reduced by 50 percent. An unexpected increase in tractor trailer accident involvement rates for non-STAA primary routes is observed and is attributed to incompatibilities between large-truck characteristics and the non-STAA highway environment. This interim report presents the results of the first part of a study, which also involves the development of models relating accident occurrence with geometric and traffic characteristics. The development of these models is now in progress. These models and the information given in this interim report will facilitate the formulation of countermeasures that will reduce accidents involving large trucks in Virginia.

Large Truck Accident Causation. Final Report

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Large Truck Accident Causation. Final Report by : J. P. Eicher

Download or read book Large Truck Accident Causation. Final Report written by J. P. Eicher and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Large-truck Crash Causation Study

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Large-truck Crash Causation Study by : Marc Starnes

Download or read book Large-truck Crash Causation Study written by Marc Starnes and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

An Analysis of Fatal Large Truck Crashes

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 54 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis An Analysis of Fatal Large Truck Crashes by : Ramal Moonesinghe

Download or read book An Analysis of Fatal Large Truck Crashes written by Ramal Moonesinghe and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Annual Awards

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis Annual Awards by : United States. Federal Highway Administration

Download or read book Annual Awards written by United States. Federal Highway Administration and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Traffic and Geometric Characteristics Affecting the Involvement of Large Trucks in Accidents: Accident characteristics and fault tree analysis

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (916 download)

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Book Synopsis Traffic and Geometric Characteristics Affecting the Involvement of Large Trucks in Accidents: Accident characteristics and fault tree analysis by : Nicholas J. Garber

Download or read book Traffic and Geometric Characteristics Affecting the Involvement of Large Trucks in Accidents: Accident characteristics and fault tree analysis written by Nicholas J. Garber and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent trends indicate that vehicle miles traveled for large trucks is increasing at a higher rate than for other vehicles. The resulting competition between large trucks and other vehicles for highway space can be expected to result in more multi-vehicle collisions involving large trucks. The likelihood of these collisions causing severe injuries to vehicle occupants will also increase with the trend towards the use of smaller automobiles and heavier and larger trucks. In order to develop countermeasures that will alleviate this problem, it is first necessary to identify the characteristics of large-truck accidents and the role of traffic and geometric variables in such accidents. This study investigated the major factors associated with large truck accidents including the effect of highway facility type and highway geometry, and the development of mathematical models relating the factors with accident rates and probability of occurrence. This first volume documents the methodology of the study, the results of a statistical analysis of large-trucks historical accident data, the results of a fault tree analysis. This second volume gives a detailed description of the development of the regression and logistic models.

Characteristics of Large-Truck Accidents as Represenated in Texas Accident Data at HSRI

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 68 pages
Book Rating : 4.L/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Characteristics of Large-Truck Accidents as Represenated in Texas Accident Data at HSRI by : John A. Green

Download or read book Characteristics of Large-Truck Accidents as Represenated in Texas Accident Data at HSRI written by John A. Green and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Commercial Motor Vehicle Driver Fatigue, Long-Term Health, and Highway Safety

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309392527
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Commercial Motor Vehicle Driver Fatigue, Long-Term Health, and Highway Safety by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Commercial Motor Vehicle Driver Fatigue, Long-Term Health, and Highway Safety written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-09-12 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are approximately 4,000 fatalities in crashes involving trucks and buses in the United States each year. Though estimates are wide-ranging, possibly 10 to 20 percent of these crashes might have involved fatigued drivers. The stresses associated with their particular jobs (irregular schedules, etc.) and the lifestyle that many truck and bus drivers lead, puts them at substantial risk for insufficient sleep and for developing short- and long-term health problems. Commercial Motor Vehicle Driver Fatigue, Long-Term Health and Highway Safety assesses the state of knowledge about the relationship of such factors as hours of driving, hours on duty, and periods of rest to the fatigue experienced by truck and bus drivers while driving and the implications for the safe operation of their vehicles. This report evaluates the relationship of these factors to drivers' health over the longer term, and identifies improvements in data and research methods that can lead to better understanding in both areas.

Causes and Deterrents of Transportation Accidents

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Publisher : Praeger
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)

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Book Synopsis Causes and Deterrents of Transportation Accidents by : Peter Loeb

Download or read book Causes and Deterrents of Transportation Accidents written by Peter Loeb and published by Praeger. This book was released on 1994-09-29 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines causes and deterrents of transportation accidents by mode--automobiles, truck, air, recreational boating, commercial vessels and railroads--with the focus on accidents in the U.S. The examination enhances our understanding for developing effective multimodal public policies for improving transportation safety. The discussion reveals that the primary cause of accidents in one mode may not be the primary cause in another mode and equally that an effective deterrent for improving safety in one mode may not be an effective deterrent for another mode. The book will be of interest to policy makers and investigators of transportation safety. The book consists of nine chapters. Following the Introduction chapter, possible causes of highway accidents--driver, vehicle, and highway characteristics--are examined in Chapter 2 along with economic and environmental factors. Chapter 3 then discusses the effectiveness of various deterrent policies--motor vehicle inspection, the minimum legal drinking age, the speed limit, and seat belt laws--for auto accidents, as well as the effects of vehicle speed and speed variance on these accidents. This is followed by a discussion of causes and deterrents of truck accidents in Chapter 4. Chapter 5 considers air accidents, discussing the role of economic deregulation and type of air carrier. Chapter 6 addresses recreational boating accidents, with particular attention given to alcohol involvement in these accidents. Chapter 7 examines commercial vessel accidents with a discussion of safety standards and enforcement. Chapter 8 considers rail accidents, with particular attention given to the effects of deregulation. The final chapter summarizes lessons learned from the previous chapters for improving transportation safety across modes, i.e., for reducing transportation accidents, accident risk, and accident severity.

Spatial and Temporal Effects of Large Truck-Involved Crash Injury Severities

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 84 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Spatial and Temporal Effects of Large Truck-Involved Crash Injury Severities by : Jasmine Pahukula

Download or read book Spatial and Temporal Effects of Large Truck-Involved Crash Injury Severities written by Jasmine Pahukula and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Large truck-involved crashes have a significant impact on both the economy and society. They are associated with high injury severities, high crash costs and contribute to congestion in urban areas. Past studies have investigated the contributing factors of large truck-involved crashes, however a study isolating the spatial and temporal effects is lacking. This thesis aims to bridge that gap as well as provide practical applications to improve safety from a large truck perspective through two new frameworks. This thesis contains two standalone documents, each detailing the spatial and temporal transferability framework, separately. These frameworks provide additional information that can be utilized in the development of planning tools to ultimately improve safety. Random parameters logit models (i.e. mixed logit models) were utilized to help identify the contributing factors of large truck-involved crashes. One advantage of the mixed logit model is that it can account for the unobserved heterogeneity in the model which relaxes the independence of irrelevant alternatives (IIA) property. A series of log likelihood ratio tests were utilized to determine if transferability, spatial or temporal, was warranted. The first document details the spatial transferability framework which is demonstrated through a case study on large truck-involved crashes in urban areas in Oregon and Texas. Strict regulations imposed on the trucking industry limits the variability of heavy-vehicle configurations and enhance the standards for truck drivers (as opposed to passenger vehicle drivers). Encouraging consistency between large trucks is one way to improve safety and has also lead to the investigation of commonalities between large truck-involved crashes in two spatially distributed regions. The results of the log-likelihood ratio tests indicate that spatial transferability is not warranted between Oregon and Texas. Key differences were non-driver or 'uncontrollable' characteristics (e.g. weather, light conditions and time of day) while driver related characteristics (e.g. gender, age and restraint use) had similar impacts. Since the major differences include non-driver characteristics, perhaps a regional model with similar 'uncontrollable' characteristics is warranted. The second document illustrates the temporal transferability framework which is applied to large truck-involved crashes in urban areas in Texas. Traffic patterns, light conditions and driver behavior vary throughout the day and consequently can have a varied impact on large truck-involved crashes. The results of the log likelihood ratio tests indicate that temporal transferability is warranted and the database was divided into five time periods to be analyzed separately. Traffic flow, light conditions, surface conditions, month and percentage of trucks on the road were among the significant differences between the crash factors of each time period. The two proposed transferability frameworks, spatial and temporal, provide new information that can be integrated into safety planning tools and more sharply guide decision-makers. For example, the results of this thesis can help to pinpoint temporal or spatial-related countermeasures. In addition the results of this thesis can help in the allocation of limited resources (i.e. help prioritize projects), minimize economic loss and help decision makers improve safety from a large truck perspective (e.g. modify trucking regulations). Finally, this thesis provides a foundation for future research. As indicated in Chapter 2, a future study to evaluate the feasibility of a regional large truck-involved crash model between neighboring regions and the development of a national crash data reporting standard are potential ideas for future research. Chapter 3 stressed the importance of time of day on large truck-involved crashes which can serve as the basis to study the safety and economic impacts of time of day shifts of truck freight movements to off-peak periods. In summary, this thesis involves original research that expands the literature and provides a new foundation to analyze large truck-involved crashes.

Global Status Report on Road Safety 2013

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Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9241564563
Total Pages : 316 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (415 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Status Report on Road Safety 2013 by : World Health Organization. Violence and Injury Prevention

Download or read book Global Status Report on Road Safety 2013 written by World Health Organization. Violence and Injury Prevention and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2013 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides legislation data last updated in 2011 and fatality data updated for 2010.

Characteristics of Trucks in Single and Two-vehicle Fatal Crashes. Final Report

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 14 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Characteristics of Trucks in Single and Two-vehicle Fatal Crashes. Final Report by : H. Wuerdemann

Download or read book Characteristics of Trucks in Single and Two-vehicle Fatal Crashes. Final Report written by H. Wuerdemann and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Risk of Fatal Injury Associated with Light Trucks During Two-vehicle Crashes

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 206 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Risk of Fatal Injury Associated with Light Trucks During Two-vehicle Crashes by : Thomas Matthew Rice

Download or read book The Risk of Fatal Injury Associated with Light Trucks During Two-vehicle Crashes written by Thomas Matthew Rice and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Characteristics of Trucks in Single and Two-vehicle Fatal Crashes

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 8 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (36 download)

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Book Synopsis Characteristics of Trucks in Single and Two-vehicle Fatal Crashes by :

Download or read book Characteristics of Trucks in Single and Two-vehicle Fatal Crashes written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Truck size and weight and occupant injury based on the NHTSA Fatal Accident File.