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Characterisation Of Particulate Matter In Museum Environments By Spectroscopic And Image Analysis Techniques
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Book Synopsis Characterisation of Particulate Matter in Museum Environments by Spectroscopic and Image Analysis Techniques by : Ioannis Karatasios
Download or read book Characterisation of Particulate Matter in Museum Environments by Spectroscopic and Image Analysis Techniques written by Ioannis Karatasios and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Physical Characterization of Particulate Matter Employing Support Vector Machine Aided Image Processing by : Kranthi Kumar Reddy Mogireddy
Download or read book Physical Characterization of Particulate Matter Employing Support Vector Machine Aided Image Processing written by Kranthi Kumar Reddy Mogireddy and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A detailed knowledge of particulates released during combustion is vital for managing an air quality program. Comprehending the chemical and physical characteristics of particulates is essential to solve health problems, smog formations, acid rain issues, and climate changes. Over the last 30 years, environmental professionals have started investigating non-destructive techniques to evaluate physical characteristics because of its substantial affects on human health. This thesis presents Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) integrated with image processing technique as a tool for physical characterization of particulate matter. The characterization process involves image reading, preprocessing, segmentation, feature extraction, and representation steps. In these steps, selection of optimal image segmentation algorithm is the key for analyzing the captured images of fine particulate matter. In this thesis, a novel frame work for automating the process of selecting optimal image segmentation algorithm for each image using Support Vector Machines (SVMs) is presented. In addition to this, an image processing algorithm is developed based on Sobel edge detection method for statistical determination of various morphological parameters including area, diameter and shape factor of the particles.
Book Synopsis Characterisation of Atmospheric Particulate Matter from Opencast Coal Mining Activities and Adjacent Communities by : Lerato Khumalo
Download or read book Characterisation of Atmospheric Particulate Matter from Opencast Coal Mining Activities and Adjacent Communities written by Lerato Khumalo and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fugitive coal dust emissions are a cause of concern from a government and public perspective, particularly so in communities living in proximity of the coal mines. Atmospheric dust contains various constituents and coal dust is only one of the constituents. However, the general perceptions or views have always been that a significant proportion of dust consists of fugitive coal dust which is respirable. Compounding these perceptions is that currently, there is a relative level of difficulty in presenting dust analysis information in a manner which identifies and characterises the coal component of dust. The aim of this study is the characterisation of atmospheric PM from opencast coal mines and adjacent communities through the application of various microscopic, spectroscopic, thermogravimetric and thermal optical techniques to distinguish the carbon component originating from coal mining and from other sources such as biological and combustion sources in coal mining regions. Atmospheric particulate matter (PM) of 10 micrometers (AÌ2℗æm) or smaller collected from three opencast coal mines and adjacent communities in the Mpumalanga and Limpopo Provinces in South Africa using both active and passive sampling were used as a case study. The analytical techniques include Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), reflectance microscopy (reflectance), optical microscopy, X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Raman Spectroscopy (Raman), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry (IRMS) and thermal optical analysis. Atmospheric PM sampled through passive samplers was analysed through SEM-EDS and optical microscopy, while the atmospheric PM samples from active monitoring (filtration) were analysed using Raman, reflectance, TGA, XPS, IRMS and thermal optical techniques Optical microscopy on the passive samples did enable the quantification of PM10-2.5 concentrations for PM from the opencast coal mines and adjacent communities. At the magnifications used, accurate quantification of PM2.5 is not possible. Useful information on the morphology and chemical composition of individual particles was obtained, but this was not adequate for source apportionment, as the mineral composition in mines and in adjacent residential areas is often similar. For the active monitoring campaign, PM10 daily average concentrations ranged from 59 AÌ2℗æg/mAÌ2℗đ to 90 ug/mAÌ2℗đ. The PM10 daily NAAQS was only exceeded at one of the residential stations viz. Clewer. The differentiation between elemental carbon (EC) and brown/ organic carbon (OC) of the individual particles could not be achieved through SEM-EDS, nor through XPS, Raman, TGA, reflectance microscopy of bulk samples. Thermal optical analysis allowed the quantification of the EC/OC fraction on actively collected bulk samples and indicated a clear distinction between the EC and OC contents as well as the OC/EC ratio from the mine and residential samples. The analysis of the stable carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) isotope ratios (IÌ2℗þ13C/IÌ2℗þ12C) and (IÌ2℗þ15N/IÌ2℗þ14N) of bulk samples showed that the values obtained for both ratios and the relationship between them could also distinguish between samples from the mines and the adjacent residential areas. Further development to refine the source apportionment based on a combination of these techniques is proposed, which will require further sampling and detailed analysis of potential carbonaceous sources.
Book Synopsis Monitoring for Gaseous Pollutants in Museum Environments by : Cecily M. Grzywacz
Download or read book Monitoring for Gaseous Pollutants in Museum Environments written by Cecily M. Grzywacz and published by Getty Publications. This book was released on 2006-09-01 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With an emphasis on passive sampling, this volume focuses on the environmental monitoring for common gaseous pollutants. It offers an overview of the history and nature of pollutants of concern to museums and the challenges facing scientists, conservators, and managers seeking to develop target pollutant guidelines to protect cultural property.
Download or read book Aerosols Handbook written by Lev S. Ruzer and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-08-15 with total page 669 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the rapid growth of the nanotechnology industry, the need to understand the biological effects of aerosol exposure has become increasingly important. Featuring contributions by leading experts in the field, Aerosols Handbook: Measurement, Dosimetry, and Health Effects, Second Edition offers an up-to-date overview of many aspects of aerosols, from properties to health effects and epidemiology. Covering indoor, outdoor, industrial, medical, pharmaceutical, and radioactive aerosols, this book explores aerosol dosimetry by defining terms such as exposure and dose. In addition, it looks at nanometer particles, the mechanism of aerosol deposition in the lungs, and modeling deposition with a corresponding uncertainty in risk assessment. The text also emphasizes the importance of accurate aerosol measurements, particularly breathing zone exposure assessments. Examining radioactive aerosols, the book discusses lessons learned from nuclear accidents, radon and thoron, and long-lived radionuclides in the environment. It brings together research on both radioactive and nonradioactive aerosols, supplying readers with a more complete view of how aerosols behave in the lungs. New in This Edition Five new chapters that address the safety of nanomaterials, dealing with nanoparticle cell penetration, high aspect ratio nanomaterials, nanoaerosols in drug delivery, risk assessment, and health effects New chapters on atmospheric pollution related to climate change, chemical analyses of particle filter deposits, and classical nucleation theory New data on measurement, dosimetry, and health effects Updated throughout, this second edition continues to be an essential resource for those who study exposure, dosages, and toxicity to develop treatments for exposure, reduce air pollution, and establish better safety regulations, particularly in industries using nanotechnologies.
Book Synopsis APPLICATION OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY FOR THE CHARACTERIZATION OF PARTICULATE MATTER. by :
Download or read book APPLICATION OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY FOR THE CHARACTERIZATION OF PARTICULATE MATTER. written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Techniques for Characterization of Particulate Matter by :
Download or read book Techniques for Characterization of Particulate Matter written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three techniques for particulate matter analysis are discussed: (1) neutron activation, which is a method that samples the entire specimen, both surface and bulk; (2) electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA), which samples particle surfaces only; and (3) scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which reveals particle size and morphology, and can be used to determine composition differences in individual particles. These three techniques can be combined to construct highly detailed characterizations of particulate matter specimens. It is shown that multielement analysis can be quickly done by neutron activation and that surface analysis and individual particle analysis obtained by ESCA and SEM, are very important supplementary information. (auth).
Book Synopsis Characteristic of Airborne Particulates Monitored in a Museum by : Noorfadhilah binti Mohd Baroldin
Download or read book Characteristic of Airborne Particulates Monitored in a Museum written by Noorfadhilah binti Mohd Baroldin and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The explosion of global warming and climate change occurs parallel to the rise of earth development. This is due to the deterioration of atmospheric environment that roots from man-made sources. Ranges of air pollutants had been discovered. However, this research focuses on Particulates Matter (PM) in particular, source from transportation. The Particulate Matter is a complex mixture of extremely small solids and liquid particles suspended in air. This complex mixture contains a number of components, including acidic and organic chemicals, and soot, smoke, pollen, and dust particles. It comes in many particle sizes of ranges, coarse particles, which known as Inhalable Particulates (PM10) and fine particles as Respirable Particulates (PM2.5). Studies have been carried out on specimens of airborne particulates in National Textile Museum, Kuala Lumpur. The objective is to investigate the main sources of suspended airborne particulates in the air of the outdoor museum, indoor and showcase atmospheric in determining the risk level of artefact deterioration. The analysis was done to compare the mass concentration, size distribution, physical characterisation of airborne particulates indoor and outdoor of the museum. The evidence is believed that the fine particles provide higher degrees of illness than coarse particles. The fine particles from outdoor atmospheric can deposit into deeper part of museum showcases and apart from the size of the particles, other specific physical, chemical, and biological characteristics that include the presence of metals, other organic components, or certain toxins provide adverse negative effect towards the artefacts in the museum and also brings influence harmful health effects to worker and visitor.
Book Synopsis Guidelines for the Application of Analytical Techniques for Fine and Course Particulate Matter Samples by : Willis Robert D.
Download or read book Guidelines for the Application of Analytical Techniques for Fine and Course Particulate Matter Samples written by Willis Robert D. and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) coupled with Energy-Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) is a powerful tool in the characterization and source apportionment of environmental particulate matter (PM), providing size, chemistry, and morphology of particles as small as a few tenths of a micrometer. Such information can reveal information about emission sources which cannot be determined through bulk chemical analysis. Automated SEMs capable of routinely analyzing hundreds of particles per hour have dramatically increased the throughput of SEM/EDX, making it feasible to conduct statistically meaningful analyses of PM samples and to generate large data sets for source apportionment studies. The National Exposure Research Laboratory (NERL) of the U.S. EPA has been developing and evaluating the use of SEM/EDX to characterize ambient and source-derived particles. The present document, which evolved over several years as a product of research carried out in support of the U.S. EPA/NERL SEM/EDX Laboratory, is intended to provide guidelines for researchers using SEM/EDX for aerosol characterization and source apportionment. Topics include laboratory procedures for sample handling, sample preparation, guidelines for successful manual and automated SEM/EDX analyses, data interpretation, issues relating to data quality and method validation and case studies highlighting the use of SEM/EDX in PM research
Author :CONCAWE. Special Task Force on the Study of Air Pollution, Sampling and Survey Techniques Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :120 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (847 download)
Book Synopsis Techniques for the Analysis of Particulate Matter in the Atmosphere by : CONCAWE. Special Task Force on the Study of Air Pollution, Sampling and Survey Techniques
Download or read book Techniques for the Analysis of Particulate Matter in the Atmosphere written by CONCAWE. Special Task Force on the Study of Air Pollution, Sampling and Survey Techniques and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Characterisation of Particulate Matter in the Urban Environment by : Winson Chung
Download or read book Characterisation of Particulate Matter in the Urban Environment written by Winson Chung and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Development of Analytical Techniques for the Characterization of Natural and Anthropogenic Compounds in Fine Particulate Matter by : Andrea Piazzalunga
Download or read book Development of Analytical Techniques for the Characterization of Natural and Anthropogenic Compounds in Fine Particulate Matter written by Andrea Piazzalunga and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Applied Spectroscopy written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 764 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis 金沙遗址/[英文本]/Jinsha site by : 成都金沙遗址博物馆
Download or read book 金沙遗址/[英文本]/Jinsha site written by 成都金沙遗址博物馆 and published by 中信出版社. This book was released on 2006 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Pollutants in the Museum Environment by : Pamela Hatchfield
Download or read book Pollutants in the Museum Environment written by Pamela Hatchfield and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The focus of this publication is pollutants in the museum environment, their sources, how they can harm works of art, and what to do about it.
Book Synopsis Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts by :
Download or read book Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 1198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Atmospheric Corrosion by : Christofer Leygraf
Download or read book Atmospheric Corrosion written by Christofer Leygraf and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-06-07 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ATMOSPHERIC CORROSION Presents a comprehensive look at atmospheric corrosion, combining expertise in corrosion science and atmospheric chemistry Atmospheric corrosion has been a subject of engineering study, largely empirical, for nearly a century. Scientists came to the field rather later on and had considerable difficulty bringing their arsenal of tools to bear on the problem. Atmospheric corrosion was traditionally studied by specialists in corrosion having little knowledge of atmospheric chemistry, history, or prospects. Atmospheric Corrosion provides a combined approach bringing together experimental corrosion and atmospheric chemistry. The second edition expands on this approach by including environmental aspects of corrosion, atmospheric corrosion modeling, and international corrosion exposure programs. The combination of specialties provides a more comprehensive coverage of the topic. These scientific insights into the corrosion process and its amelioration are the focus of this book. Key topics include the following: Basic principles of atmospheric corrosion chemistry Corrosion mechanisms in controlled and uncontrolled environments Degradation of materials in architectural, transport, and structural applications; electronic devices; and cultural artifacts Protection of existing materials and choosing new ones that resist corrosion Prediction of how and where atmospheric corrosion may evolve in the future Complete with appendices discussing experimental techniques, computer models, and the degradation of specific metals, Atmospheric Corrosion, Second Edition continues to be an invaluable resource for corrosion scientists, corrosion engineers, conservators, environmental scientists, and anyone interested in the theory and application of this evolving field. The book concerns primarily the atmospheric corrosion of metals and is written at a level suitable for advanced undergraduates or beginning graduate students in any of the physical or engineering sciences.
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