Changes In Bone Mineral Density And Biomarkers Of Bone Turnover With Calcium Supplementation During Initial Military Cadet Exercise Training

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Changes in Bone Mineral Density and Biomarkers of Bone Turnover with Calcium Supplementation During Initial Military Cadet Exercise Training

Author : Elizabeth M. Watson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781423523581
Total Pages : 81 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (235 download)

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Book Synopsis Changes in Bone Mineral Density and Biomarkers of Bone Turnover with Calcium Supplementation During Initial Military Cadet Exercise Training by : Elizabeth M. Watson

Download or read book Changes in Bone Mineral Density and Biomarkers of Bone Turnover with Calcium Supplementation During Initial Military Cadet Exercise Training written by Elizabeth M. Watson and published by . This book was released on 2001-04-01 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Osteoporosis is a condition involving decreased bone mineral density (BMD) and increased fragility of the skeletal system. Osteoporosis affects ^75 million individuals in the United States, Europe, and Japan. In the United States alone, hip fractures affect 500,000 individuals per year, and annual healthcare costs for osteoporotic fractures are approximately $l4 billion. A high peak BMD can prevent or delay the onset of osteoporosis and its complications. Exercise and diet may affect peak BMD by as much as 20 to 40% each and have been identified as the two most important controllable factors determining BMD. The current study investigated the effect of a calcium, vitamin D, and vitamin K supplement combination during initial military cadet exercise training on: BMD, stress fracture occurrence, hormones associated with BMD, and biochemical markers of bone turnover. Significant changes in BMD, either between the supplemented group or the unsupplemented group or across time for both groups were not found. The majority of participants (n = 22) had unexpectedly high levels of physical activity prior to enrollment, and the initial military exercise training program included only moderate levels of activity. Therefore, the exercise stimulus to bone was likely insufficient to promote gains in BMD, regardless of the nutrient supplement status. Serum insulin-like growth factor-I and osteocalcin significantly increased over time (p

Optimizing Bone Mass and Strength

Author : Robin M. Daly
Publisher : Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
ISBN 13 : 3805582757
Total Pages : 173 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (55 download)

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Book Synopsis Optimizing Bone Mass and Strength by : Robin M. Daly

Download or read book Optimizing Bone Mass and Strength written by Robin M. Daly and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2007-01-01 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Osteoporosis and related fractures are a major public health problem globally. Although traditionally considered to be a disease affecting the elderly, increased recognition that osteoporosis may have its foundation early in life has stimulated substantial research interest into factors which can influence skeletal development, including both genetic and lifestyle factors. This book provides a summary and integrative review of the current state of knowledge of factors that influence the development of bone health during childhood and adolescence. The focus is on the role of physical activity for optimizing bone development. Other relevant topics that are reviewed include the influence of genetics, nutrition, and hormonal factors on skeletal development. In addition, there are expert views on practical lifestyle strategies and guidelines that can be adopted to optimize bone health and prevent fractures during growth. The book provides an excellent source of recent information for exercise specialists, pediatricians, nutritionists, biomedical researchers, health promotion worker and public health professionals.

Reducing Stress Fracture in Physically Active Military Women

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309173639
Total Pages : 131 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Reducing Stress Fracture in Physically Active Military Women by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Reducing Stress Fracture in Physically Active Military Women written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1998-09-22 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The incidence of stress fractures of the lower extremities during U.S. military basic training is significantly higher among female military recruits than among male recruits. The prevalence of this injury has a marked impact on the health of service personnel and imposes a significant financial burden on the military by delaying completion of the training of new recruits. In addition to lengthening training time, increasing program costs, and delaying military readiness, stress fractures may share their etiology with the longer-term risk of osteoporosis. As part of the Defense Women's Health Research Program, this book evaluates the impact of diet, genetic predisposition, and physical activity on bone mineral and calcium status in young servicewomen. It makes recommendations for reducing stress fractures and improving overall bone health through nutrition education and monitored physical training programs. The book also makes recommendations for future research to evaluate more fully the effects of fitness levels, physical activities, and other factors on stress fracture risk and bone health.

Long-term Effects of Nutrient Intervention on Postmenopausal Changes in Bone Mineral Density, Bone Remodeling, and Related Hormones

Author : Christopher David Jensen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 396 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis Long-term Effects of Nutrient Intervention on Postmenopausal Changes in Bone Mineral Density, Bone Remodeling, and Related Hormones by : Christopher David Jensen

Download or read book Long-term Effects of Nutrient Intervention on Postmenopausal Changes in Bone Mineral Density, Bone Remodeling, and Related Hormones written by Christopher David Jensen and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Effect of Isokinetic Strength Training and Deconditioning on Bone Stiffness, Bone Density and Bone Turnover in Military-Aged Women

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (946 download)

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Book Synopsis Effect of Isokinetic Strength Training and Deconditioning on Bone Stiffness, Bone Density and Bone Turnover in Military-Aged Women by :

Download or read book Effect of Isokinetic Strength Training and Deconditioning on Bone Stiffness, Bone Density and Bone Turnover in Military-Aged Women written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For physically active military personnel, stress fractures are debilitating and costly. Female soldiers sustain twice the number of stress fractures compared to males. Exercise interventions for women are needed to promote military readiness in ways that enhance bone strength and reduce stress fractures. This study, currently in progress, is investigating the effects of 30 weeks of concentric Vs eccentric isokinetic resistance training on bone stiffness (mechanical impedance), quality (mineral density and content), and bone cell activity (biomarkers of turnover). Female volunteers (N = 120), 18-26 years of age are categorized into normal bone density (NBD, n = 60) and low bone density (LBD, n = 60) subgroups, based on whole body bone density measurements. Subjects then are randomly assigned within NBD and LBD subgroups for concentric (n = 30 LBD, a = 30 NBD) and eccentric (n = 30 LBD, n = 30 NBD) exercise training. Exercises are performed using non-dominant arms and legs, leaving dominant limbs as self-controls. Results of this study will enhance understandings of effects of specialized exercise training on bone adaptations among young adult females. This work has important implications for reducing stress fractures arising from combat-readiness activities and for preventing osteoporosis in women.

Examination of Diet, Physical Activity, Biomarkers of Bone Mineralization, Bone Mineral Content and Body Composition in Children Between 5 Years of Age and Puberty

Download Examination of Diet, Physical Activity, Biomarkers of Bone Mineralization, Bone Mineral Content and Body Composition in Children Between 5 Years of Age and Puberty PDF Online Free

Author : Marcia Kelly Scott
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 364 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Examination of Diet, Physical Activity, Biomarkers of Bone Mineralization, Bone Mineral Content and Body Composition in Children Between 5 Years of Age and Puberty by : Marcia Kelly Scott

Download or read book Examination of Diet, Physical Activity, Biomarkers of Bone Mineralization, Bone Mineral Content and Body Composition in Children Between 5 Years of Age and Puberty written by Marcia Kelly Scott and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Six Months of Resistance Training Or Plyometrics Exercise Positively Affects Bone Mineral Density and Bone Turnover Marker Ratios in Men with Osteopenia

Download Six Months of Resistance Training Or Plyometrics Exercise Positively Affects Bone Mineral Density and Bone Turnover Marker Ratios in Men with Osteopenia PDF Online Free

Author : Andrew W. Dawson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 149 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (876 download)

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Book Synopsis Six Months of Resistance Training Or Plyometrics Exercise Positively Affects Bone Mineral Density and Bone Turnover Marker Ratios in Men with Osteopenia by : Andrew W. Dawson

Download or read book Six Months of Resistance Training Or Plyometrics Exercise Positively Affects Bone Mineral Density and Bone Turnover Marker Ratios in Men with Osteopenia written by Andrew W. Dawson and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Weight-bearing exercise that is high-impact and dynamic positively affects bone mineral density (BMD), and regular participation in this type of activity is recommended to preserve bone health in adults. However, there are limited data on the long-term effects of weight-bearing exercise on BMD in adult males, particularly in men with osteopenia. PURPOSE: To 1) determine the effects of six months of resistance training (RT) or plyometrics (PLYO) exercise on changes in BMD in males with osteopenia; and 2) determine the effects of six months of RT or PLYO exercise on changes in bone turnover in males with osteopenia. METHODS: Twenty-one recreationally active (>4 h/wk of activity) healthy males (25-55 y) with osteopenia in the hip or lumbar spine (L1-L4) were randomized into a 6-mo RT (N = 9) or PLYO (N = 8) exercise program. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure bone area, BMC, and BMD of the lumbar spine (L1-L4), total left hip, and whole body (WB). Serum concentrations of osteocalcin (OC), bone-alkaline phosphatase (BAP), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase isoform 5b (Trap5b) and carboxyterminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX) were measured determine bone turnover activity. RESULTS: Two-factor repeated measures ANOVA showed that WB BMD increased after the 6-mo exercise interventions (p=0.070) with no differences between RT and PLYO groups (+1.32 and 0.52 %, respectively). Although there were no statistically significant changes in bone turnover markers, the BAP/CTX (p=0.036) and OC/CTX ratios (p=0.077) were significantly increased after the exercise intervention with no differences between RT and PLYO. CONCLUSION: We are the first to show that participation in 6 mo of RT or PLYO can improve WB BMD and bone turnover ratios in osteopenic men.

The Effects of Plyometrics Or Resistance-training on Markers of Bone Turnover and Hormones in Men

Author : Robert S. Rogers
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 259 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (495 download)

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Book Synopsis The Effects of Plyometrics Or Resistance-training on Markers of Bone Turnover and Hormones in Men by : Robert S. Rogers

Download or read book The Effects of Plyometrics Or Resistance-training on Markers of Bone Turnover and Hormones in Men written by Robert S. Rogers and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Weight-bearing exercise positively affects bone mineral density (BMD) and bone strength, presumably by altering the balance between bone formation and resorption. The purpose of the present study was to determine the acute response of markers of bone turnover and hormones to a single-bout of resistance-training or plyometrics. Twelve recreationally active males, aged 24-63 years, participated in this partially randomized cross-over study, which included five trials: PLY (fed/fasted), RT (fed/fasted), and a no-exercise, fed control trial (CON) (n=6). Blood was drawn immediately prior to exercise (PRE), immediately following exercise (POST), and 15, 30, 60, 120 min, and 24 hr following PRE. Total testosterone (T), intact parathyroid hormone (PTH), and cortisol (COR) concentrations in serum were determined. Serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP) (bone formation marker) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, isoform 5b (TRAP5b) (bone resorption marker) were measured. The results of the present study suggest favorable changes in bone formation and bone resorption as assessed by bone turnover markers (BAP and TRAP5b) following a single-bout of RT or PLY. The decrease in PTH following plyometrics and resistance-training positively correlated with a decrease in TRAP5b, suggesting that PTH may mediate the exercise-induced changes in osteoclast activity.

Monitoring Metabolic Status

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309091594
Total Pages : 469 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Monitoring Metabolic Status by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Monitoring Metabolic Status written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-08-29 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. military's concerns about the individual combat service member's ability to avoid performance degradation, in conjunction with the need to maintain both mental and physical capabilities in highly stressful situations, have led to and interest in developing methods by which commanders can monitor the status of the combat service members in the field. This report examines appropriate biological markers, monitoring technologies currently available and in need of development, and appropriate algorithms to interpret the data obtained in order to provide information for command decisions relative to the physiological "readiness" of each combat service member. More specifically, this report also provides responses to questions posed by the military relative to monitoring the metabolic regulation during prolonged, exhaustive efforts, where nutrition/hydration and repair mechanisms may be mismatched to intakes and rest, or where specific metabolic derangements are present.

The Cortisol Connection

Author : Shawn Talbott
Publisher : Hunter House
ISBN 13 : 9780897934923
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (349 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cortisol Connection by : Shawn Talbott

Download or read book The Cortisol Connection written by Shawn Talbott and published by Hunter House. This book was released on 2007 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The hormone cortisol, activated by the fight-or-flight (stress) response, is emerging as a major culprit in a variety of health problems. The Cortisol Connection explores the documented relationship between elevated levels of this hormone, chronic stress, and such health conditions as obesity, depression, suppressed immune system, osteoporosis, and hypertension. This new edition describes the results of the latest research about the connection between cortisol and HSD, and cortisol and testosterone.

Nutrition and Enhanced Sports Performance

Author : Debasis Bagchi
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128139234
Total Pages : 820 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Nutrition and Enhanced Sports Performance by : Debasis Bagchi

Download or read book Nutrition and Enhanced Sports Performance written by Debasis Bagchi and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-10-05 with total page 820 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nutrition and Enhanced Sports Performance: Muscle Building, Endurance and Strength, Second Edition, includes comprehensive sections on the role of nutrition in human health, various types of physical exercises, including cardiovascular training, resistance training, aerobic and anaerobic exercises, bioenergetics and energy balance, and the nutritional requirements associated with each. Other sections cover sports and nutritional requirements, the molecular mechanisms involved in muscle building, an exhaustive review of various foods, minerals, supplements, phytochemicals, amino acids, transition metals, competition training, healthy cooking, physical training, and lifestyle and dietary recommendations for sports performance. This updated edition includes new chapters on mood, alertness, calmness and psychomotor performance in sports, extreme sports, natural myostatin inhibitor and lean body mass, the benefits of caffeine in sport nutrition formulations, the role of vitamin D in athletic performance, probiotics and muscle mass. - Provides a comprehensive appraisal of the nutritional benefits of exercise in human health - Compiles chapters reviewing the nutritional prophylaxis in human health - Addresses performance enhancement drugs and sports supplements - Presents various types of physical exercises and addresses exercise and nutritional requirements in special populations - Discusses sports nutrition and the molecular mechanisms involved in muscle building - Contains an exhaustive review of various food, minerals, supplements, phytochemicals, amino acids, transition metals, small molecules and other ergogenic agents - Highlights the aspects of healthy cooking, physical training, lifestyle and dietary recommendations for sports performance

The Role of Protein and Amino Acids in Sustaining and Enhancing Performance

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309172810
Total Pages : 448 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Role of Protein and Amino Acids in Sustaining and Enhancing Performance by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book The Role of Protein and Amino Acids in Sustaining and Enhancing Performance written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-09-15 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is a commonly held belief that athletes, particularly body builders, have greater requirements for dietary protein than sedentary individuals. However, the evidence in support of this contention is controversial. This book is the latest in a series of publications designed to inform both civilian and military scientists and personnel about issues related to nutrition and military service. Among the many other stressors they experience, soldiers face unique nutritional demands during combat. Of particular concern is the role that dietary protein might play in controlling muscle mass and strength, response to injury and infection, and cognitive performance. The first part of the book contains the committee's summary of the workshop, responses to the Army's questions, conclusions, and recommendations. The remainder of the book contains papers contributed by speakers at the workshop on such topics as, the effects of aging and hormones on regulation of muscle mass and function, alterations in protein metabolism due to the stress of injury or infection, the role of individual amino acids, the components of proteins, as neurotransmitters, hormones, and modulators of various physiological processes, and the efficacy and safety considerations associated with dietary supplements aimed at enhancing performance.

The Athlete's Guide to Sports Supplements

Author : Kimberly Mueller
Publisher : Human Kinetics
ISBN 13 : 0736093699
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (36 download)

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Book Synopsis The Athlete's Guide to Sports Supplements by : Kimberly Mueller

Download or read book The Athlete's Guide to Sports Supplements written by Kimberly Mueller and published by Human Kinetics. This book was released on 2013 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Athlete's Guide to Sports Supplements is for athletes, coaches, and trainers seeking information on safe and legal performance-focused supplements. Listed alphabetically, each of the 120 supplements has a detailed description of what it is and how it works, facts on performance benefits, current research, recommended dosages, and health concerns.

Military Strategies for Sustainment of Nutrition and Immune Function in the Field

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309173183
Total Pages : 722 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Military Strategies for Sustainment of Nutrition and Immune Function in the Field by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Military Strategies for Sustainment of Nutrition and Immune Function in the Field written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-05-13 with total page 722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every aspect of immune function and host defense is dependent upon a proper supply and balance of nutrients. Severe malnutrition can cause significant alteration in immune response, but even subclinical deficits may be associated with an impaired immune response, and an increased risk of infection. Infectious diseases have accounted for more off-duty days during major wars than combat wounds or nonbattle injuries. Combined stressors may reduce the normal ability of soldiers to resist pathogens, increase their susceptibility to biological warfare agents, and reduce the effectiveness of vaccines intended to protect them. There is also a concern with the inappropriate use of dietary supplements. This book, one of a series, examines the impact of various types of stressors and the role of specific dietary nutrients in maintaining immune function of military personnel in the field. It reviews the impact of compromised nutrition status on immune function; the interaction of health, exercise, and stress (both physical and psychological) in immune function; and the role of nutritional supplements and newer biotechnology methods reported to enhance immune function. The first part of the book contains the committee's workshop summary and evaluation of ongoing research by Army scientists on immune status in special forces troops, responses to the Army's questions, conclusions, and recommendations. The rest of the book contains papers contributed by workshop speakers, grouped under such broad topics as an introduction to what is known about immune function, the assessment of immune function, the effect of nutrition, and the relation between the many and varied stresses encountered by military personnel and their effect on health.

Nutrient Composition of Rations for Short-Term, High-Intensity Combat Operations

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309096413
Total Pages : 463 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Nutrient Composition of Rations for Short-Term, High-Intensity Combat Operations by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Nutrient Composition of Rations for Short-Term, High-Intensity Combat Operations written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-01-09 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recognizing the importance of good nutrition for physical and mental status, the Department of Defense asked the Institute of Medicine to guide the design of the nutritional composition of a ration for soldiers on short-term, high-stress missions. Nutrient Composition of Rations for Short-Term, High-Intensity Combat Operations considers military performance, health concerns, food intake, energy expenditure, physical exercise, and food technology issues. The success of military operations depends to a large extent on the physical and mental status of the individuals involved. Appropriate nutrition during assault missions is a continuous challenge mainly due to diminished appetites of individuals under stress. Many less controllable and unpredictable factors, such as individual preferences and climate, come into play to reduce appetite. In fact, soldiers usually consume about half of the calories needed, leaving them in a state called "negative energy balance." The consequences of being in negative energy balance while under these circumstances range from weight loss to fatigue to mental impairments. An individual's physiological and nutritional status can markedly affect one's ability to maximize performance during missions and may compromise effectiveness. With the number of these missions increasing, the optimization of rations has become a high priority.

Aquatic Biopolymers

Author : Ololade Olatunji
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030347095
Total Pages : 371 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Aquatic Biopolymers by : Ololade Olatunji

Download or read book Aquatic Biopolymers written by Ololade Olatunji and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-20 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a comprehensive survey about the most recent developments in industrial applications, processing techniques and modifications of polymers from marine sources. It systematically introduces the reader to the biomaterials Chitin, Collagen, Alginates, Cellulose and Polyesters and links their interwoven industrial significance and environmental implications. The book elucidates the impact of industrial sourcing of the aquatic system for organic and inorganic matter on the environment and deepens the understanding of the industrial and economic significance of aquatic biopolymers. Further it addresses the question of how to balance the conservation of aquatic life and the industrial and economic interest in developing biodegradable alternatives for plastic. Thus the book will appeal to scientists in the field of chemistry, materials and polymer science as well as engineering.

Sex Hormones, Exercise and Women

Author : Anthony C. Hackney
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319445588
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis Sex Hormones, Exercise and Women by : Anthony C. Hackney

Download or read book Sex Hormones, Exercise and Women written by Anthony C. Hackney and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-09 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is well-established, through extensive peer-reviewed published research, that physical activity and exercise training can impact the reproductive endocrine system of women. This ground-breaking, comprehensive title presents a range of unique insights into the opposite question: how the reproductive endocrine system of women affects their exercise ability. More precisely, the thematic question explored in this work is: if exercise affects reproductive hormones, conversely then could the reproductive hormones have physiological effects unrelated to reproduction that influence the capacity of women to exercise? In exploring this question, the goal is to better understand the unique physiology of women and whether female sex hormones might account for some of the variance in physiological performance between amenorrheic and eumenorrheic women, and within women across the age span as they experience menarche to menopause. Sex Hormones, Exercise and Women: Scientific and Clinical Aspects synthesizes the research by exploring the physiology and psychology behind these occurrences. This novel title will not only be of interest to researchers, exercise scientists, graduate students, and clinicians; it will also serve as a source of valuable information for female athletes and their trainers in the context of preparing for competitions.