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Challenges For Scaling Up Biomass Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis Process Technology A Case Study For Ex Situ Cfp In Fixed Bed Configuration
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Book Synopsis Challenges for Scaling-Up Biomass Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis Process Technology: A Case Study for Ex Situ CFP in Fixed-Bed Configuration by :
Download or read book Challenges for Scaling-Up Biomass Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis Process Technology: A Case Study for Ex Situ CFP in Fixed-Bed Configuration written by and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CFP catalysts need to achieve extensive deoxygenation and high carbon yields. Carbon yield is a major economic driver for the integrated CFP-HT process.
Book Synopsis Ex Situ Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Lignocellulosic Biomass to Hydrocarbon Fuels: 2020 State of Technology by :
Download or read book Ex Situ Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Lignocellulosic Biomass to Hydrocarbon Fuels: 2020 State of Technology written by and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomass catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) research was funded by the Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) to enable technical breakthroughs to help reduce the cost of conversion of biomass to liquid hydrocarbon fuels. The key goals were to achieve a mature plant modeled Minimum Fuel Selling Price of $3/GGE, with greater than 60% greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction over petroleum derived gasoline by 2022. Experimental results at NREL and PNNL, along with lifecycle analysis by ANL show that we achieved these goals based on performance at the bench scale. A Pt/TiO2 catalyst was used in a fixed bed reactor for upgrading pyrolysis vapors from an upstream fast pyrolysis reactor (ex-situ configuration) to produce CFP oil with 16.5% oxygen content. Subsequent co-hydrotreating of 10 vol% of CFP oil with 90 vol% straight run diesel (SRD) at the bench scale yielded greater than 95% carbon efficiency for the CFP oil portion of the feed. Light oxygenated coproducts were recovered from the off gases from the CFP process via adsorption and subsequent desorption. Aspen Plus modeling of purification of the desorbed stream using the UNIFAC property method showed that acetone and methyl-ethyl-ketone can be purified to chemicals grade and sold as coproducts to benefit the economics and reduce GHG emissions attributed to the fuel product. Some of the key risks and uncertainties associated with this process, and potential future work are mentioned in this report.
Book Synopsis Ex-Situ Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis Technology Pathway by :
Download or read book Ex-Situ Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis Technology Pathway written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In support of the Bioenergy Technologies Office, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) and the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) are undertaking studies of biomass conversion technologies to hydrocarbon fuels to identify barriers and target research toward reducing conversion costs. Process designs and preliminary economic estimates for each of these pathway cases were developed using rigorous modeling tools (Aspen Plus and Chemcad). These analyses incorporated the best information available at the time of development, including data from recent pilot and bench-scale demonstrations, collaborative industrial and academic partners, and published literature and patents. This pathway case investigates converting woody biomass using ex-situ catalytic fast pyrolysis followed by upgrading to gasoline, diesel and jet range blendstocks . Technical barriers and key research needs that should be pursued for this pathway to be competitive with petroleum-derived blendstocks have been identified.
Book Synopsis Conceptual Process Design and Techno-economic Assessment of Ex Situ Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass by :
Download or read book Conceptual Process Design and Techno-economic Assessment of Ex Situ Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ex situ catalytic fast pyrolysis of biomass is a promising route for the production of fungible liquid biofuels. There is significant ongoing research on the design and development of catalysts for this process. However, there are a limited number of studies investigating process configurations and their effects on biorefinery economics. Herein we present a conceptual process design with techno-economic assessment; it includes the production of upgraded bio-oil via fixed bed ex situ catalytic fast pyrolysis followed by final hydroprocessing to hydrocarbon fuel blendstocks. This study builds upon previous work using fluidized bed systems, as detailed in a recent design report led by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL/TP-5100-62455); overall yields are assumed to be similar, and are based on enabling future feasibility. Assuming similar yields provides a basis for easy comparison and for studying the impacts of areas of focus in this study, namely, fixed bed reactor configurations and their catalyst development requirements, and the impacts of an inline hot gas filter. A comparison with the fluidized bed system shows that there is potential for higher capital costs and lower catalyst costs in the fixed bed system, leading to comparable overall costs. The key catalyst requirement is to enable the effective transformation of highly oxygenated biomass into hydrocarbons products with properties suitable for blending into current fuels. Potential catalyst materials are discussed, along with their suitability for deoxygenation, hydrogenation and C-C coupling chemistry. This chemistry is necessary during pyrolysis vapor upgrading for improved bio-oil quality, which enables efficient downstream hydroprocessing; C-C coupling helps increase the proportion of diesel/jet fuel range product. One potential benefit of fixed bed upgrading over fluidized bed upgrading is catalyst flexibility, providing greater control over chemistry and product composition. Since this study is based on future projections, the impacts of uncertainties in the underlying assumptions are quantified via sensitivity analysis. As a result, this analysis indicates that catalyst researchers should prioritize by: carbon efficiency> catalyst cost> catalyst lifetime, after initially testing for basic operational feasibility.
Book Synopsis Advancing Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis Through Integrated Experimentation and Multi-scale Computational Modeling by : Michael Griffin (Chemical engineer)
Download or read book Advancing Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis Through Integrated Experimentation and Multi-scale Computational Modeling written by Michael Griffin (Chemical engineer) and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ex Situ Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Lignocellulosic Biomass to Hydrocarbon Fuels by : Abhijit Dutta
Download or read book Ex Situ Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Lignocellulosic Biomass to Hydrocarbon Fuels written by Abhijit Dutta and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass by : Robert C Brown
Download or read book Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass written by Robert C Brown and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2017-07-07 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fast pyrolysis and related catalytic pyrolysis are of increasing interest as pathways to advanced biofuels that closely mimic traditional petroleum products. Research has moved from empirical investigations to more fundamental studies of pyrolysis mechanisms. Theories on the chemical and physical pathways from plant polymers to pyrolysis products have proliferated as a result. This book brings together the latest developments in pyrolysis science and technology. It examines, reviews and challenges the unresolved and sometimes controversial questions about pyrolysis, helping advance the understanding of this important technology and stimulating discussion on the various competing theories of thermal deconstruction of plant polymers. Beginning with an introduction to the biomass-to-biofuels process via fast pyrolysis and catalytic pyrolysis, chapters address prominent questions such as whether free radicals or concerted reactions dominate deconstruction reactions. Finally, the book concludes with an economic analysis of fast pyrolysis versus catalytic pyrolysis. This book will be of interest to advanced students and researchers interested in the science behind renewable fuel technology, and particularly the thermochemical processing of biomass.
Book Synopsis Ex Situ Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Lignocellulosic Biomass to Hydrocarbon Fuels by : Abhijit Dutta
Download or read book Ex Situ Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Lignocellulosic Biomass to Hydrocarbon Fuels written by Abhijit Dutta and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Catalyst Characterization by : Boris Imelik
Download or read book Catalyst Characterization written by Boris Imelik and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: to the Fundamental and Applied Catalysis Series Catalysis is important academically and industrially. It plays an essential role in the manufacture of a wide range of products, from gasoline and plastics to fertilizers and herbicides, which would otherwise be unobtainable or prohibitive ly expensive. There are few chemical-or oil-based material items in modern society that do not depend in some way on a catalytic stage in their manufacture. Apart from manufacturing processes, catalysis is finding other important and over-increasing uses; for example, successful applications of catalysis in the control ofpollution and its use in environmental control are certain to in crease in the future. The commercial import an ce of catalysis and the diverse intellectual challenges of catalytic phenomena have stimulated study by a broad spectrum of scientists including chemists, physicists, chemical engineers, and material scientists. Increasing research activity over the years has brought deeper levels of understanding, and these have been associated with a continually growing amount of published material. As recentlyas sixty years ago, Rideal and Taylor could still treat the subject comprehensively in a single volume, but by the 19 50s Emmett required six volumes, and no conventional multivolume text could now cover the whole of catalysis in any depth.
Book Synopsis In-Situ Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis Technology Pathway by :
Download or read book In-Situ Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis Technology Pathway written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In support of the Bioenergy Technologies Office, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) and the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) are undertaking studies of biomass conversion technologies to hydrocarbon fuels to identify barriers and target research toward reducing conversion costs. Process designs and preliminary economic estimates for each of these pathway cases were developed using rigorous modeling tools (Aspen Plus and Chemcad). These analyses incorporated the best information available at the time of development, including data from recent pilot and bench-scale demonstrations, collaborative industrial and academic partners, and published literature and patents. This pathway case investigates converting woody biomass using in-situ catalytic fast pyrolysis followed by upgrading to gasoline, diesel, and jet range blendstocks. Technical barriers and key research needs that should be pursued for this pathway to be competitive with petroleum-derived blendstocks have been identified.
Book Synopsis Ex-situ Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis Technology Pathway by : Mary Biddy
Download or read book Ex-situ Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis Technology Pathway written by Mary Biddy and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Catalytic Upgrading of Pyrolysis Products for the Production of Sustainable Aviation Fuel by :
Download or read book Catalytic Upgrading of Pyrolysis Products for the Production of Sustainable Aviation Fuel written by and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this project is advance the state-of-technology for a catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) + hydrotreating (HT) process to produce sustainable aviation fuel and other biogenic products. Our approach focuses on performing integrated experiments using realistic biomass feedstocks and non-noble metal technical catalyst formulations. CFP is performed in an ex-situ configuration using a fluidized bed reactor without co-fed hydrogen. Research advancements over the past two years include establishing benchmark yield structures and compositional data for each step of the biomass-to-SAF process, demonstrating the ability to produce a cycloalkane-rich SAF product that meets key ASTM 4054 guidelines, generating benchmark characterization data for technical catalyst formulations with an emphasis on determining the unique composition and combustion properties of biogenic coke, and establishing bio-oil critical material attributes to mitigate the risk of plugging during down-stream hydroprocessing. Other impacts from this project include generation of broadly enabling scientific knowledge (12 publications/12 presentations since 2021), engagement with industry partners (Johnson Matthey, ExxonMobil, Phillips 66), and identification of a promising pathway to market that addresses emerging demands for biogenic refinery feedstocks.
Book Synopsis Recent Advancements in Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis for the Production of Fuels and Chemicals from Biomass by : Joshua A. Schaidle
Download or read book Recent Advancements in Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis for the Production of Fuels and Chemicals from Biomass written by Joshua A. Schaidle and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Biomass Ex-Situ CFP Catalyst Design: A Mo2C Case Study to Evaluate if Trends in Model Compound Reactivity Translate to Real Biomass Feeds by :
Download or read book Biomass Ex-Situ CFP Catalyst Design: A Mo2C Case Study to Evaluate if Trends in Model Compound Reactivity Translate to Real Biomass Feeds written by and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pyrolysis of biomass generates hundreds of molecules with different functional groups; water, char and inorganics are also produced. In general, new catalysts are evaluated with single model compounds.
Book Synopsis In-situ Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis Technology Pathway by : Mary Biddy
Download or read book In-situ Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis Technology Pathway written by Mary Biddy and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This technology pathway case investigates converting woody biomass using in-situ catalytic fast pyrolysis followed by upgrading to gasoline-, diesel-, and jet-range hydrocarbon blendstocks. Technical barriers and key research needs that should be pursued for this pathway to be competitive with petroleum-derived blendstocks have been identified.
Book Synopsis In Situ and Ex Situ Catalytic Pyrolysis of Pine in a Bench-Scale Fluidized Bed Reactor System by :
Download or read book In Situ and Ex Situ Catalytic Pyrolysis of Pine in a Bench-Scale Fluidized Bed Reactor System written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In situ and ex situ catalytic pyrolysis were compared in a system with two 2-in. bubbling fluidized bed reactors. Pine was pyrolyzed in the system with a catalyst, HZSM-5 with a silica-to-alumina ratio of 30, placed either in the first (pyrolysis) reactor or the second (upgrading) reactor. Both the pyrolysis and upgrading temperatures were 500 degrees C, and the weight hourly space velocity was 1.1 h-1. Five catalytic cycles were completed in each experiment. The catalytic cycles were continued until oxygenates in the vapors became dominant. The catalyst was then oxidized, after which a new catalytic cycle was begun. The in situ configuration gave slightly higher oil yield but also higher oxygen content than the ex situ configuration, which indicates that the catalyst deactivated faster in the in situ configuration than the ex situ configuration. Analysis of the spent catalysts confirmed higher accumulation of metals in the in situ experiment. In all experiments, the organic oil mass yields varied between 14 and 17% and the carbon efficiencies between 20 and 25%. The organic oxygen concentrations in the oils were 16-18%, which represented a 45% reduction compared to corresponding noncatalytic pyrolysis oils prepared in the same fluidized bed reactor system. GC/MS analysis showed the oils to contain one- to four-ring aromatic hydrocarbons and a variety of oxygenates (phenols, furans, benzofurans, methoxyphenols, naphthalenols, indenols). Lastly, high fractions of oxygen were rejected as water, CO, and CO2, which indicates the importance of dehydration, decarbonylation, and decarboxylation reactions. Light gases were the major sources of carbon losses, followed by char and coke.
Book Synopsis Process Design and Economics for the Conversion of Lignocellulosic Biomass to Hydrocarbon Fuels. Thermochemical Research Pathways with In Situ and Ex Situ Upgrading of Fast Pyrolysis Vapors by :
Download or read book Process Design and Economics for the Conversion of Lignocellulosic Biomass to Hydrocarbon Fuels. Thermochemical Research Pathways with In Situ and Ex Situ Upgrading of Fast Pyrolysis Vapors written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report was developed as part of the U.S. Department of Energy's Bioenergy Technologies Office's efforts to enable the development of technologies for the production of infrastructurecompatible, cost-competitive liquid hydrocarbon fuels from biomass. Specifically, this report details two conceptual designs based on projected product yields and quality improvements via catalyst development and process integration. It is expected that these research improvements will be made within the 2022 timeframe. The two conversion pathways detailed are (1) in situ and (2) ex situ upgrading of vapors produced from the fast pyrolysis of biomass. While the base case conceptual designs and underlying assumptions outline performance metrics for feasibility, it should be noted that these are only two of many other possibilities in this area of research. Other promising process design options emerging from the research will be considered for future techno-economic analysis.
