Ceos Outside Employment Opportunities And The Lack Of Relative Performance Evaluation In Compensation Contracts

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CEOS' Outside Employment Opportunities and the Lack of Relative Performance Evaluation in Compensation Contracts

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Author : Shivaram Rajgopal
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (129 download)

Book Synopsis CEOS' Outside Employment Opportunities and the Lack of Relative Performance Evaluation in Compensation Contracts by : Shivaram Rajgopal

Download or read book CEOS' Outside Employment Opportunities and the Lack of Relative Performance Evaluation in Compensation Contracts written by Shivaram Rajgopal and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although agency theory suggests that firms ought to index executive compensation to remove market-wide effects (i.e., RPE), there is little evidence to support this theory. Oyer (2004) posits that absence of RPE is optimal if the CEO's reservation wages from outside employment opportunities rise and fall with the economy's fortunes. We directly test and find support for Oyer's (2004) theory. We argue that the CEO's outside opportunities depend on his talent proxied by the CEO's financial press visibility and his firm's recent industry-adjusted ROA. Our results are robust to alternate explanations such as managerial skimming, oligopoly and asymmetric benchmarking.

Relative Performance Evaluation for Chief Executive Officers

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Author : Robert Gibbons
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)

Book Synopsis Relative Performance Evaluation for Chief Executive Officers by : Robert Gibbons

Download or read book Relative Performance Evaluation for Chief Executive Officers written by Robert Gibbons and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Measured individual performance often depends on random factors which also affect the performances of other workers in the same firm, industry, or market. In these cases, relative performance evaluation (RPE) can provide incentives while partially insulating workers from the common uncertainty. Basing pay on relative performance, however, generates incentives to sabotage the measured performance of co-workers, to collude with co-workers and shirk, and to apply for jobs with inept co-workers. RPE contracts also are less desirable when the output of co-workers is expensive to measure or in the presence of production externalities, as in the case of team production. The purpose of this paper is to review the benefits and costs of RPE and to test for the presence of RPE in one occupation where the benefits plausibly exceed the costs: chief executive officers (CEOs). In contrast to previous research, our empirical evidence strongly supports the RPE hypothesis-CEO pay revisions and retention probabilities are positively and significantly related to firm performance, but are negatively and significantly related to industry and market performance, ceteris paribus. Our results also suggest that CEO performance is more likely to be evaluated relative to aggregate market movements than relative to industry movements.

Executive Compensation, Strategic Competition, and Relative Performance Evaluation

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Author : Raj Aggarwal
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 90 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

Book Synopsis Executive Compensation, Strategic Competition, and Relative Performance Evaluation by : Raj Aggarwal

Download or read book Executive Compensation, Strategic Competition, and Relative Performance Evaluation written by Raj Aggarwal and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We argue that strategic interactions between firms in an oligopoly can explain the puzzling lack of high-powered incentives in executive compensation contracts written by shareholders whose objective is to maximize the value of their shares. We derive the optimal compensation contracts for managers and demonstrate that the use of high-powered incentives will be limited by the need to soften product market competition. In particular, when managers can be compensated based on their own and their rivals' performance, we show that there will be an inverse relationship between the magnitude of high-powered incentives and the degree of competition in the industry. More competitive industries are characterized by weaker pay-performance incentives. Empirically, we find strong evidence of this inverse relationship in the compensation of executives in the United States. Our econometric results are not consistent with alternative theories of the effect of competition on executive compensation. We conclude that strategic considerations can preclude the use of high-powered incentives, in contrast to the predictions of the standard principal-agent model.

An Analysis of CEO Equity Compensation in an Incomplete Contracting Framework

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Author : Matthias Kiefer
Publisher : Matthias Kiefer
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 262 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

Book Synopsis An Analysis of CEO Equity Compensation in an Incomplete Contracting Framework by : Matthias Kiefer

Download or read book An Analysis of CEO Equity Compensation in an Incomplete Contracting Framework written by Matthias Kiefer and published by Matthias Kiefer. This book was released on 2015-01-01 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I investigate whether equity grants increase the costs of CEO dismissal or departure (Oyer, 2004; Almazan and Suarez, 2003). I argue that costs of dismissal are increased because equity grants become exercisable upon forced departure. Equity grants can increase the costs of leaving because voluntarily departing CEOs forfeit equity compensation upon departure. I follow Rajgopal, Shevlin and Zamora (2006) in linking CEO equity compensation to a measure of labor market competition in a sample of S&P1500 companies from 1996 to 2010. I find that the intensity of labor market competition measured by a Herfindahl-Hirschman Index across industries and states affects equity grants and that the correlation is reversed in the penultimate year of forced CEO departure. This is consistent with the view that CEOs are concerned about being replaced in competitive labor markets and therefore demand more compensation that converts into severance pay. Conversely, when a dismissal is anticipated, I argue that CEOs are concerned about finding new employment and are then insured against a lack of outside opportunities. In addition, I conduct an empirical investigation of the relationship between stock options, restricted stock grants and other long-term compensation between 2001 and 2006. I argue that the Sarbanes-Oxley Act did not increase managerial accountability (see for example Cohen, Dey and Lys, 2005) and that new accounting rules did not increase accounting costs of stock options (see for example Hayes, Lemmon and Qiu, 2012). Instead, I suggest that the effective prohibition of executive loans from firms and brokers made it prohibitively costly for CEOs to exercise stock options. I find that stock options began to be replaced with other long-term compensation as early as 2004. CEOs began to accumulate vested but unexercised stock options. I do not find evidence that CEOs sold vested stock to raise funds.In the final empirical chapter, I consider whether a Herfindahl-Hirschman Index across industries and states can be interpreted as a proxy for labor market competition. Aggarwal and Samwick (1999) argue that it is product market competition that affects CEO equity grants. My results are consistent with Rajgopal, Shevlin and Zamora (2006) who do not find evidence that product market competition has any significant impact on equity grants. Instead, I find that labor market competition retains a significant and positive impact in our tests, and notably holds for the largest single product market. The principal limitations of the project were found to be the difficulty of collecting data of intended turnover and classifying it into forced and voluntary turnover. With respect to loans to executives, loans by brokers are usually not disclosed. This study is the first to analyze equity compensation as severance arrangement. CEO cash constraints in exercising options is an unexplored explanation for their disappearance.

Relative Performance Evaluation in CEO Compensation

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Author : David De Angelis
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 43 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)

Book Synopsis Relative Performance Evaluation in CEO Compensation by : David De Angelis

Download or read book Relative Performance Evaluation in CEO Compensation written by David De Angelis and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Relative performance evaluation (RPE) in CEO compensation can be used as a commitment device to pay CEOs for their revealed relative talent. We find evidence consistent with the talent-retention hypothesis, using two different approaches. First, we examine the RPE terms in compensation contracts and document features that are consistent with retention motives. Second, using a novel empirical specification for detecting RPE, we find RPE is less prevalent when CEO talent is less transferrable: among specialist CEOs, founder CEOs, and retirement-age CEOs, as well as in industries and states where the market for CEO talent is more restrictive.

Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management

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Author : Hui Liao
Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0857241257
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (572 download)

Book Synopsis Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management by : Hui Liao

Download or read book Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management written by Hui Liao and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2010-06-10 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offers a collection of seven papers that deals with the issues in the field of human resources management.

A Handbook of Corporate Governance and Social Responsibility

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Author : Güler Aras
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1317187962
Total Pages : 716 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (171 download)

Book Synopsis A Handbook of Corporate Governance and Social Responsibility by : Güler Aras

Download or read book A Handbook of Corporate Governance and Social Responsibility written by Güler Aras and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-03-16 with total page 716 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The current economic situation has highlighted deficiencies in corporate governance while also showing the importance of stakeholder relations. It has also raised the profile of the debates regarding corporate social responsibility and shown the inter-relationship with governance. And the two together are essential for sustainable business. The social and environmental contexts of business are generally considered to be as significant as the economic and financial contexts and good governance will address all of these aspects. The combination of these aspects offers long term benefits for a firm, such as reducing risk and attracting new investors, shareholders and more equity as well as sustainable performance. Written by experts from all over the world, A Handbook of Corporate Governance and Social Responsibility is the most authoritative single-volume guide to the relationship between good governance and social responsibility and the reality of managing both. In addition to the theory and practice of governance and CSR, the book includes case studies from large and small organizations and NGOs to highlight examples of good and bad practice, and to show international and cultural similarities and differences while at the same time furthering the debate regarding the relationship between good governance and social responsibility.

Essays on the Design and Consequences of Relative Performance Evaluation Incentives in CEO Compensation Contracts

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Author : Timothy Michael Keune
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 178 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (733 download)

Book Synopsis Essays on the Design and Consequences of Relative Performance Evaluation Incentives in CEO Compensation Contracts by : Timothy Michael Keune

Download or read book Essays on the Design and Consequences of Relative Performance Evaluation Incentives in CEO Compensation Contracts written by Timothy Michael Keune and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Oxford Handbook of Corporate Governance

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Author : Mike Wright
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 019164935X
Total Pages : 832 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (916 download)

Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Corporate Governance by : Mike Wright

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Corporate Governance written by Mike Wright and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2013-03-28 with total page 832 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The behavior of managers-such as the rewards they obtain for poor performance, the role of boards of directors in monitoring managers, and the regulatory framework covering the corporate governance mechanisms that are put in place to ensure managers' accountability to shareholder and other stakeholders-has been the subject of extensive media and policy scrutiny in light of the financial crisis of the early 2000s. However, corporate governance covers a much broader set of issues, which requires detailed assessment as a central issue of concern to business and society. Critiques of traditional governance research based on agency theory have noted its "under-contextualized" nature and its inability to compare accurately and explain the diversity of corporate governance arrangements across different institutional contexts. The Oxford Handbook of Corporate Governance aims at closing these theoretical and empirical gaps. It considers corporate governance issues at multiple levels of analysis-the individual manager, firms, institutions, industries, and nations-and presents international evidence to reflect the wide variety of perspectives. In analyzing the effects of corporate governance on performance, a variety of indicators are considered, such as accounting profit, economic profit, productivity growth, market share, proxies for environmental and social performance, such as diversity and other aspects of corporate social responsibility, and of course, share price effects. In addition to providing a high level review and analysis of the existing literature, each chapter develops an agenda for further research on a specific aspect of corporate governance. This Handbook constitutes the definitive source of academic research on corporate governance, synthesizing studies from economics, strategy, international business, organizational behavior, entrepreneurship, business ethics, accounting, finance, and law.

Markets and Compensation for Executives in Europe

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Author : Lars Oxelheim
Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0080557384
Total Pages : 441 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

Book Synopsis Markets and Compensation for Executives in Europe by : Lars Oxelheim

Download or read book Markets and Compensation for Executives in Europe written by Lars Oxelheim and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2008-05-15 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increasing amounts of money paid out in compensation to corporate executives have become the subject of a heated public policy debate on both sides of the Atlantic. This book covers a wide range of issues, including: corporate law and regulation in the area of corporate governance; and, prosperity and growth effects of compensation contracts.

Hybridity in the Governance and Delivery of Public Services

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Author : Andrea Bonomi Savignon
Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1787437698
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (874 download)

Book Synopsis Hybridity in the Governance and Delivery of Public Services by : Andrea Bonomi Savignon

Download or read book Hybridity in the Governance and Delivery of Public Services written by Andrea Bonomi Savignon and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2018-05-31 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book seeks to answer the unsolved questions related to hybrid organisations, adopting a multifaceted approach focussing on different national contexts, including the UK, Italy, Australia, and Sweden, as well as global organisations. Authors consider policy sectors including humanitarian aid, local transport, healthcare, and welfare services.

Socially Responsible Finance and Investing

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Author : H. Kent Baker
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118237013
Total Pages : 528 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (182 download)

Book Synopsis Socially Responsible Finance and Investing by : H. Kent Baker

Download or read book Socially Responsible Finance and Investing written by H. Kent Baker and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-08-31 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A detailed look at the role of social responsibility in finance and investing The concept of socially responsible finance and investing continues to grow, especially in the wake of one of the most devastating financial crises in history. This includes responsibility from the corporate side (corporate social responsibility) as well as the investor side (socially responsible investing) of the capital markets. Filled with in-depth insights and practical advice, Socially Responsible Finance and Investing offers an important basis of knowledge regarding both the theory and practice of this ever-evolving area of finance. As part of the Robert W. Kolb Series in Finance, this book showcases contributed chapters from professionals and academics with extensive expertise on this particular subject. It provides a comprehensive view of socially responsible foundations and their applications to finance and investing as determined by the current state of research. Discusses many important issues associated with socially responsible finance and investing, like moral hazard and the concept of "too big to fail" Contains contributed chapters from numerous thought-leaders in the field of finance Presents comprehensive coverage starting with the basics and bringing you through to cutting-edge, current theory and practice Now more than ever, we need to be mindful of the social responsibilities of all investment practices. The recent financial crisis and recession has changed the financial landscape for years to come and Socially Responsible Finance and Investing is a timely guide to help us navigate this difficult terrain.

Shareholders and managers as principal-agent hierarchies and cooperative teams

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Author : Matthias Kiefer, PhD
Publisher : Matthias Kiefer
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 46 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

Book Synopsis Shareholders and managers as principal-agent hierarchies and cooperative teams by : Matthias Kiefer, PhD

Download or read book Shareholders and managers as principal-agent hierarchies and cooperative teams written by Matthias Kiefer, PhD and published by Matthias Kiefer. This book was released on 2017-02-01 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Purpose– Shareholders and managers can work in a hierarchy in which principals attempt to control the actions of agents to achieve the wealth objective. Alternatively, shareholders and managers can work together as a cooperative team in which shareholders provide financial capital and managers provide human capital. The authors aim to examine the different implications for value creation provided by the two approaches. Design/methodology/approach– By comparing the literature on the value implications of the incomplete contracting framework and control arrangements in principal-agent hierarchies, the authors identify deviations from optimal outcomes and suggest solutions. Findings– The review indicates that a cooperative framework has some advantages over the hierarchical model. The stability of human capital and the relationship between managers and shareholders can be enhanced when shareholders provide capital in increments which vest over time and latitude for renegotiation of agreements is built into contracts. Practical implications– By surrendering control using stock options programmes, managers are free to invest in relationship-specific assets. Shareholders can control the provision of capital by withdrawing investment if insufficient returns are realized, i.e. if stock options do not meet vesting requirements. The market can then be left to do its work. Originality/value– This paper provides an original review of literature on cooperation and hierarchies in the shareholder–manager relationship and proposes solutions to identified deviations from optimal outcomes. Keywords- Agency theory, Corporate governance, M&A, Executive compensation, Contracting theory, Share options policy

Handbook of Research on Entrepreneurial Leadership and Competitive Strategy in Family Business

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Author : Saiz-Álvarez, José Manuel
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1522580131
Total Pages : 559 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (225 download)

Book Synopsis Handbook of Research on Entrepreneurial Leadership and Competitive Strategy in Family Business by : Saiz-Álvarez, José Manuel

Download or read book Handbook of Research on Entrepreneurial Leadership and Competitive Strategy in Family Business written by Saiz-Álvarez, José Manuel and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2019-04-15 with total page 559 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This reference book is an IGI Global Core Reference for 2019 as it provides trending research on family businesses. With the recent boom in entrepreneurship and the maker market, this publication will provide the timeliest research outlining how family businesses can enhance their business practices to ensure sustainability. The Handbook of Research on Entrepreneurial Leadership and Competitive Strategy in Family Business is a collection of innovative research on business and leadership strategies that can be applied to family firms in order to boost efficiency, competitiveness, and optimal use of resource allocation to compete internationally. While highlighting topics including global leadership, knowledge creation, and market performance, this book is ideally designed for business managers, management professionals, executives, researchers, academicians, and students seeking current research on the entrepreneurship role of family businesses in the modern economic age.

The Other Side of the Tradeoff

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Author : Andrew Samwick
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 39 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (75 download)

Book Synopsis The Other Side of the Tradeoff by : Andrew Samwick

Download or read book The Other Side of the Tradeoff written by Andrew Samwick and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The principal-agent model of executive compensation is of central importance to the modern theory of the firm and corporate governance, yet the existing empirical evidence supporting it is quite weak. The key predication of the model is that the executive's pay-performance sensitivity is decreasing in the variance of the firm's performance. We demonstrate strong empirical confirmation of this prediction using a comprehensive sample of executives at large corporations. In general, the pay-performance sensitivity for executives at firms with the least volatile stock prices is an order of magnitude greater than the pay-performance sensitivity for executives at firms with the most volatile stock prices. This result holds for both chief executive officers and for other highly compensated executives. We further show that estimates of the pay-performance sensitivity that do not explicitly account for the effect of the variance of firm performance are biased toward zero. We also test for relative performance evaluation of executives against the performance of other firms. We find little support for the relative performance evaluation model. Our findings suggest that executive compensation contracts incorporate the benefits of risk-sharing but do not incorporate the potential informational advantages of relative performance evaluation

Do Growth-Option Firms Use Less Relative Performance Evaluation?

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Author : Ana M. Albuquerque
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 50 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (129 download)

Book Synopsis Do Growth-Option Firms Use Less Relative Performance Evaluation? by : Ana M. Albuquerque

Download or read book Do Growth-Option Firms Use Less Relative Performance Evaluation? written by Ana M. Albuquerque and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of relative performance evaluation (RPE) in compensation contracts for CEOs at growth-option (GO) firms that operate in more volatile environments can provide insurance against common exogenous shocks and thus reduce the amount of risk that CEOs face. However, the implementation of RPE for high GO firms can be impaired by these firms' inability to find a peer group that captures common risk exposure. This paper studies GO firms' reliance on RPE and finds that the use of RPE in CEO compensation contracts varies negatively with a firm's level of growth options. The tests use three proxies for growth options: the market-to-book value of assets, research and development expenses scaled by assets, and a factor obtained from a principal component analysis. The results are robust to controlling for the impact of other firm characteristics on pay-for-performance sensitivities.

Global Corporate Governance

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Author : Kose John
Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1786351668
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (863 download)

Book Synopsis Global Corporate Governance by : Kose John

Download or read book Global Corporate Governance written by Kose John and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2017-04-05 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Financial Economics Vol 19 is peer reviewed and focusses on International Corporate Governance.