Causes And Consequences Of Evolutionary Rescue In Noisy Environments

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Phenotypic Plasticity & Evolution

Author : David W. Pfennig
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000387585
Total Pages : 479 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Phenotypic Plasticity & Evolution by : David W. Pfennig

Download or read book Phenotypic Plasticity & Evolution written by David W. Pfennig and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-05-31 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phenotypic plasticity – the ability of an individual organism to alter its features in direct response to a change in its environment – is ubiquitous. Understanding how and why this phenomenon exists is crucial because it unites all levels of biological inquiry. This book brings together researchers who approach plasticity from diverse perspectives to explore new ideas and recent findings about the causes and consequences of plasticity. Contributors also discuss such controversial topics as how plasticity shapes ecological and evolutionary processes; whether specific plastic responses can be passed to offspring; and whether plasticity has left an important imprint on the history of life. Importantly, each chapter highlights key questions for future research. Drawing on numerous studies of plasticity in natural populations of plants and animals, this book aims to foster greater appreciation for this important, but frequently misunderstood phenomenon. Key Features Written in an accessible style with numerous illustrations, including many in color Reviews the history of the study of plasticity, including Darwin’s views Most chapters conclude with recommendations for future research

Genetics of Adaptation

Author : Rodney Mauricio
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402038364
Total Pages : 207 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Genetics of Adaptation by : Rodney Mauricio

Download or read book Genetics of Adaptation written by Rodney Mauricio and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-07-20 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An enduring controversy in evolutionary biology is the genetic basis of adaptation. Darwin emphasized "many slight differences" as the ultimate source of variation to be acted upon by natural selection. In the early 1900’s, this view was opposed by "Mendelian geneticists", who emphasized the importance of "macromutations" in evolution. The Modern Synthesis resolved this controversy, concluding that mutations in genes of very small effect were responsible for adaptive evolution. A decade ago, Allen Orr and Jerry Coyne reexamined the evidence for this neo-Darwinian view and found that both the theoretical and empirical basis for it were weak. Orr and Coyne encouraged evolutionary biologists to reexamine this neglected question: what is the genetic basis of adaptive evolution? In this volume, a new generation of biologists have taken up this challenge. Using advances in both molecular genetic and statistical techniques, evolutionary geneticists have made considerable progress in this emerging field. In this volume, a diversity of examples from plant and animal studies provides valuable information for those interested in the genetics and evolution of complex traits.

Eco-Evolutionary Dynamics

Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128014334
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)

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Book Synopsis Eco-Evolutionary Dynamics by :

Download or read book Eco-Evolutionary Dynamics written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-08-12 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The theme of this volume is to discuss Eco-evolutionary Dynamics. - Updates and informs the reader on the latest research findings - Written by leading experts in the field - Highlights areas for future investigation

Evolutionary Conservation Biology

Author : Régis Ferrière
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139453750
Total Pages : 447 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Evolutionary Conservation Biology by : Régis Ferrière

Download or read book Evolutionary Conservation Biology written by Régis Ferrière and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-06-10 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As anthropogenic environmental changes spread and intensify across the planet, conservation biologists have to analyze dynamics at large spatial and temporal scales. Ecological and evolutionary processes are then closely intertwined. In particular, evolutionary responses to anthropogenic environmental change can be so fast and pronounced that conservation biology can no longer afford to ignore them. To tackle this challenge, areas of conservation biology that are disparate ought to be integrated into a unified framework. Bringing together conservation genetics, demography, and ecology, this book introduces evolutionary conservation biology as an integrative approach to managing species in conjunction with ecological interactions and evolutionary processes. Which characteristics of species and which features of environmental change foster or hinder evolutionary responses in ecological systems? How do such responses affect population viability, community dynamics, and ecosystem functioning? Under which conditions will evolutionary responses ameliorate, rather than worsen, the impact of environmental change?

Eco-evolutionary Dynamics

Author : Andrew P. Hendry
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691204179
Total Pages : 410 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (912 download)

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Book Synopsis Eco-evolutionary Dynamics by : Andrew P. Hendry

Download or read book Eco-evolutionary Dynamics written by Andrew P. Hendry and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2020-06-09 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, scientists have realized that evolution can occur on timescales much shorter than the 'long lapse of ages' emphasized by Darwin - in fact, evolutionary change is occurring all around us all the time. This work provides an authoritative and accessible introduction to eco-evolutionary dynamics, a cutting-edge new field that seeks to unify evolution and ecology into a common conceptual framework focusing on rapid and dynamic environmental and evolutionary change.

Stressors in the Marine Environment

Author : Martin Solan
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198718829
Total Pages : 381 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis Stressors in the Marine Environment by : Martin Solan

Download or read book Stressors in the Marine Environment written by Martin Solan and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This summarises the latest advances in the physiological and ecological responses of marine species to a wide range of potential stressors resulting from current anthropogenic activity, and provides a perspective on future outcomes for some of the most pressing environmental issues facing society today.

Stochastic Population Dynamics in Ecology and Conservation

Author : Russell Lande
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 9780198525257
Total Pages : 698 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (252 download)

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Book Synopsis Stochastic Population Dynamics in Ecology and Conservation by : Russell Lande

Download or read book Stochastic Population Dynamics in Ecology and Conservation written by Russell Lande and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2003 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1. Demographic and environmental stochasticity -- 2. Extinction dynamics -- 3. Age structure -- 4. Spatial structure -- 5. Population viability analysis -- 6. Sustainable harvesting -- 7. Species diversity -- 8. Community dynamics.

Behavioural Responses to a Changing World

Author : Ulrika Candolin
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191633267
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (916 download)

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Book Synopsis Behavioural Responses to a Changing World by : Ulrika Candolin

Download or read book Behavioural Responses to a Changing World written by Ulrika Candolin and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2012-06-14 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human-induced environmental change currently represents the single greatest threat to global biodiversity. Species are typically adapted to the local environmental conditions in which they have evolved. Changes in environmental conditions initially influence behaviour, which in turn affects species interactions, population dynamics, evolutionary processes and, ultimately, biodiversity. How animals respond to changed conditions, and how this influences population viability, is an area of growing research interest. Yet, despite the vital links between environmental change, behaviour, and population dynamics, surprisingly little has been done to bridge these areas of research. Behavioural Responses to a Changing World is the first book of its kind devoted to understanding behavioural responses to environmental change. The volume is comprehensive in scope, discussing impacts on both the mechanisms underlying behavioural processes, as well as the longer-term ecological and evolutionary consequences. Drawing on international experts from across the globe, the book covers topics as diverse as endocrine disruption, learning, reproduction, migration, species interactions, and evolutionary rescue.

Maritime Traffic Effects on Biodiversity in the Mediterranean Sea

Author : Ameer Abdulla
Publisher : IUCN
ISBN 13 : 2831710790
Total Pages : 170 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (317 download)

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Book Synopsis Maritime Traffic Effects on Biodiversity in the Mediterranean Sea by : Ameer Abdulla

Download or read book Maritime Traffic Effects on Biodiversity in the Mediterranean Sea written by Ameer Abdulla and published by IUCN. This book was released on 2008 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Improving Diagnosis in Health Care

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309377722
Total Pages : 473 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Improving Diagnosis in Health Care by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Improving Diagnosis in Health Care written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-12-29 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Getting the right diagnosis is a key aspect of health care - it provides an explanation of a patient's health problem and informs subsequent health care decisions. The diagnostic process is a complex, collaborative activity that involves clinical reasoning and information gathering to determine a patient's health problem. According to Improving Diagnosis in Health Care, diagnostic errors-inaccurate or delayed diagnoses-persist throughout all settings of care and continue to harm an unacceptable number of patients. It is likely that most people will experience at least one diagnostic error in their lifetime, sometimes with devastating consequences. Diagnostic errors may cause harm to patients by preventing or delaying appropriate treatment, providing unnecessary or harmful treatment, or resulting in psychological or financial repercussions. The committee concluded that improving the diagnostic process is not only possible, but also represents a moral, professional, and public health imperative. Improving Diagnosis in Health Care, a continuation of the landmark Institute of Medicine reports To Err Is Human (2000) and Crossing the Quality Chasm (2001), finds that diagnosis-and, in particular, the occurrence of diagnostic errorsâ€"has been largely unappreciated in efforts to improve the quality and safety of health care. Without a dedicated focus on improving diagnosis, diagnostic errors will likely worsen as the delivery of health care and the diagnostic process continue to increase in complexity. Just as the diagnostic process is a collaborative activity, improving diagnosis will require collaboration and a widespread commitment to change among health care professionals, health care organizations, patients and their families, researchers, and policy makers. The recommendations of Improving Diagnosis in Health Care contribute to the growing momentum for change in this crucial area of health care quality and safety.

Evolvability

Author : Thomas F. Hansen
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262374706
Total Pages : 407 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (623 download)

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Book Synopsis Evolvability by : Thomas F. Hansen

Download or read book Evolvability written by Thomas F. Hansen and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2023-06-27 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essays on evolvability from the perspectives of quantitative and population genetics, evolutionary developmental biology, systems biology, macroevolution, and the philosophy of science. Evolvability—the capability of organisms to evolve—wasn’t recognized as a fundamental concept in evolutionary theory until 1990. Though there is still some debate as to whether it represents a truly new concept, the essays in this volume emphasize its value in enabling new research programs and facilitating communication among the major disciplines in evolutionary biology. The contributors, many of whom were instrumental in the development of the concept of evolvability, synthesize what we have learned about it over the past thirty years. They focus on the historical and philosophical contexts that influenced the emergence of the concept and suggest ways to develop a common language and theory to drive further evolvability research. The essays, drawn from a workshop on evolvability hosted in 2019–2020 by the Center of Advanced Study at the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters, in Oslo, provide scientific and historical background on evolvability. The contributors represent different disciplines of evolutionary biology, including quantitative and population genetics, evolutionary developmental biology, systems biology and macroevolution, as well as the philosophy of science. This pl[urality of approaches allows researchers in disciplines as diverse as developmental biology, molecular biology, and systems biology to communicate with those working in mainstream evolutionary biology. The contributors also discuss key questions at the forefront of research on evolvability. Contributors: J. David Aponte, W. Scott Armbruster, Geir H. Bolstad, Salomé Bourg, Ingo Brigandt, Anne Calof, James M. Cheverud, Josselin Clo, Frietson Galis, Mark Grabowski, Rebecca Green, Benedikt Hallgrímsson, Thomas F. Hansen, Agnes Holstad, David Houle, David Jablonski, Arthur Lander, Arnaud LeRouzic, Alan C. Love, Ralph Marcucio, Michael B. Morrissey, Laura Nuño de la Rosa, Øystein H. Opedal, Mihaela Pavličev, Christophe Pélabon, Jane M. Reid, Heather Richbourg, Jacqueline L. Sztepanacz, Masahito Tsuboi, Cristina Villegas, Marta Vidal-García, Kjetil L. Voje, Andreas Wagner, Günter P. Wagner, Nathan M. Young

Soundscape Ecology

Author : Almo Farina
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400773749
Total Pages : 326 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Soundscape Ecology by : Almo Farina

Download or read book Soundscape Ecology written by Almo Farina and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-28 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soundscape Ecology represents a new branch of ecology and it is the result of the integration of different disciplines like Landscape ecology, Bioacoustics, Acoustic ecology, Biosemiotics, etc. The soundscape that is the object of this discipline, is defined as the acoustic context resulting from natural and human originated sounds and it is considered a relevant environmental proxy for animal and human life. With Soundscape Ecology Almo Farina means to offer a new cultural tool to investigate a partially explored component of the environmental complexity. For this he intends to set the principles of this new discipline, to delineate the epistemic domain in which to develop new ideas and theories and to describe the necessary integration with all the other ecological/environmental disciplines. The book is organized in ten chapters. The first two chapters delineate principles and theory of soundscape ecology. Chapters three and four describe the bioacoustic and communication theories. Chapter five is devoted to the human dimension of soundscape. Chapters six to eight regard the major sonic patterns like noise, choruses and vibrations. Chapter nine is devoted to the methods in soundscape ecology and finally chapter ten describes the application of the soundscape analysis.

Marine Ecology and Fisheries

Author : D. H. Cushing
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521205016
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (5 download)

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Book Synopsis Marine Ecology and Fisheries by : D. H. Cushing

Download or read book Marine Ecology and Fisheries written by D. H. Cushing and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1975-07-10 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Conservation Physiology

Author : Christine L. Madliger
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0198843615
Total Pages : 361 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (988 download)

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Book Synopsis Conservation Physiology by : Christine L. Madliger

Download or read book Conservation Physiology written by Christine L. Madliger and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2020 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conservation physiology is a rapidly expanding, multidisciplinary field that utilizes physiological knowledge and tools to understand and solve conservation challenges. This novel text provides the first consolidated overview of its scope, purpose, and applications, with a focus on wildlife. It outlines the major avenues and advances by which conservation physiology is contributing to the monitoring, management, and restoration of wild animal populations. This book also defines opportunities for further growth in the field and identifies critical areas for future investigation. By using a series of global case studies, contributors illustrate how approaches from the conservation physiology toolbox can tackle a diverse range of conservation issues including the monitoring of environmental stress, predicting the impact of climate change, understanding disease dynamics, improving captive breeding, and reducing human-wildlife conflict. Moreover, by acting as practical road maps across a diversity of sub-disciplines, these case studies serve to increase the accessibility of this discipline to new researchers. The diversity of taxa, biological scales, and ecosystems highlighted illustrate the far-reaching nature of the discipline and allow readers to gain an appreciation for the purpose, value, applicability, and status of the field of conservation physiology. Conservation Physiology is an accessible supplementary textbook suitable for graduate students, researchers, and practitioners in the fields of conservation science, eco-physiology, evolutionary and comparative physiology, natural resources management, ecosystem health, veterinary medicine, animal physiology, and ecology.

Urban Wildlife Conservation

Author : Robert A. McCleery
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1489975004
Total Pages : 408 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (899 download)

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Book Synopsis Urban Wildlife Conservation by : Robert A. McCleery

Download or read book Urban Wildlife Conservation written by Robert A. McCleery and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-11 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past, wildlife living in urban areas were ignored by wildlife professionals and urban planners because cities were perceived as places for people and not for wild animals. Paradoxically, though, many species of wildlife thrive in these built environments. Interactions between humans and wildlife are more frequent in urban areas than any other place on earth and these interactions impact human health, safety and welfare in both positive and negative ways. Although urban wildlife control pest species, pollinate plants and are fun to watch, they also damage property, spread disease and even attack people and pets. In urban areas, the combination of dense human populations, buildings, impermeable surfaces, introduced vegetation, and high concentrations of food, water and pollution alter wildlife populations and communities in ways unseen in more natural environments. For these ecological and practical reasons, researchers and mangers have shown a growing interest in urban wildlife ecology and management. This growing interest in urban wildlife has inspired many studies on the subject that have yet to be synthesized in a cohesive narrative. Urban Wildlife: Theory and Practice fills this void by synthesizing the latest ecological and social knowledge in the subject area into an interdisciplinary and practical text. This volume provides a foundation for the future growth and understanding of urban wildlife ecology and management by: • Clearly defining th e concepts used to study and describe urban wildlife, • Offering a cohesive understanding of the coupled natural and social drivers that shape urban wildlife ecology, • Presenting the patterns and processes of wildlife response to an urbanizing world and explaining the mechanisms behind them and • Proposing means to create physical and social environments that are mutually beneficial for both humans and wildlife.

Ecology and Conservation of Birds in Urban Environments

Author : Enrique Murgui
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319433148
Total Pages : 520 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis Ecology and Conservation of Birds in Urban Environments by : Enrique Murgui

Download or read book Ecology and Conservation of Birds in Urban Environments written by Enrique Murgui and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-10 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides syntheses of ecological theories and overarching patterns of urban bird ecology that have only recently become available. The numerous habitats represented in this book ranges from rows of trees in wooded alleys, to wastelands and remnants of natural habitats encapsulated in the urban matrix. Authored by leading scientists in this emergent field, the chapters explore how the characteristics of the habitat in urban environments influence bird communities and populations at multiple levels of ecological organization and at different spatial and temporal scales, and how this information should be incorporated in urban planning to achieve an effective conservation of bird fauna in urban environments. Birds are among the most conspicuous and fascinating residents of urban neighborhoods and provide urban citizens with everyday wildlife contact all over the world. However, present urbanization trends are rapidly depleting their habitats, and thus knowledge of urban bird ecology is urgently needed if birds are to thrive in cities. The book is unique in its inclusion of examples from all continents (except Antarctica) in an effort to arrive at a more holistic perspective. Among other issues, the individual chapters address the censusing of birds in urban green spaces; the relationship between bird communities and the structure of urban green spaces; the role of exotic plant species as food sources for urban bird fauna; the influence of artificial light and pollutants on bird fauna; trends in long-term urban bird research, and transdisciplinary studies on bird sounds and their effects on humans. Several chapters investigate how our current knowledge of the ecology of urban bird fauna should be applied in order to achieve better management of urban habitats so as to achieve conservation of species or even increase species diversity. The book also provides a forward-looking summary on potential research directions. As such, it provides a valuable resource for urban ecologists, urban ecology students, landscape architects, city planners, decision makers and anyone with an interest in urban ornithology and bird conservation. Moreover, it provides a comprehensive overview for researchers in the fields of ecology and conservation of urban bird fauna.

Eutrophication: causes, consequences and control

Author : Abid A. Ansari
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9048196256
Total Pages : 402 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (481 download)

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Book Synopsis Eutrophication: causes, consequences and control by : Abid A. Ansari

Download or read book Eutrophication: causes, consequences and control written by Abid A. Ansari and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-10-17 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eutrophication continues to be a major global challenge to water quality scientists. The global demand on water resources due to population increases, economic development, and emerging energy development schemes has created new environmental challenges to global sustainability. Eutrophication, causes, consequences, and control provides a current account of many important aspects of the processes of natural and accelerated eutrophication in major aquatic ecosystems around the world. The connections between accelerated eutrophication and climate change, chemical contamination of surface waters, and major environmental and ecological impacts on aquatic ecosystems are discussed. Water quality changes typical of eutrophication events in major climate zones including temperate, tropical, subtropical, and arid regions are included along with current approaches to treat and control increased eutrophication around the world. The book provides many useful new insights to address the challenges of global increases in eutrophication and the increasing threats to biodiversity and water quality.