Cathode Phenomena In A Vacuum Discharge

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Plasma and Spot Phenomena in Electrical Arcs

Author : Isak Beilis
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030447472
Total Pages : 1137 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis Plasma and Spot Phenomena in Electrical Arcs by : Isak Beilis

Download or read book Plasma and Spot Phenomena in Electrical Arcs written by Isak Beilis and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-09-05 with total page 1137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is devoted to a thorough investigation of the physics and applications of the vacuum arc – a highly-ionized metallic plasma source used in a number of applications – with emphasis on cathode spot phenomena and plasma formation. The goal is to understand the origins and behavior of the various complex and sometimes mysterious phenomena involved in arc formation, such as cathode spots, electrode vaporization, and near-electrode plasma formation. The book takes the reader from a model of dense cathode plasma based on charge-exchange ion-atom collisions through a kinetic approach to cathode vaporization and on to metal thermophysical properties of cathodes. This picture is further enhanced by an in-depth study of cathode jets and plasma acceleration, the effects of magnetic fields on cathode spot behavior, and electrical characteristics of arcs and cathode spot dynamics. The book also describes applications to space propulsion, thin film deposition, laser plasma generation, and magnetohydrodynamics, making this comprehensive and up-to-date volume a valuable resource for researchers in academia and industry.

Emerging Applications of Vacuum-Arc-Produced Plasma, Ion and Electron Beams

Author : Efim Oks
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401002770
Total Pages : 230 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Emerging Applications of Vacuum-Arc-Produced Plasma, Ion and Electron Beams by : Efim Oks

Download or read book Emerging Applications of Vacuum-Arc-Produced Plasma, Ion and Electron Beams written by Efim Oks and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The NATO-sponsored Advanced Research Workshop (ARW) on "Emerging Applications of Vacuum-Arc-Produced Plasma, Ion and Electron Beams" was held at the Baikal Dunes Resort, Lake Baikal, Russia, on June 24-28, 2002. Participants were from NATO countries Belgium, Czech Republic, Germany, Poland, Turkey and the USA, and from NATO partner countries Bulgaria, Russia, Ukraine and Uzbekistan. The goal of the meeting was to bring together researchers involved in novel applications of plasmas and ion/electron beams formed from vacuum arc discharges, especially in less conventional or emerging scientific areas such as new perspectives on vacuum arc phenomena, generation of high charge state metal ions, heavy ion accelerator injection, multi-layer thin film synthesis, biological applications, generation of high-current high-density electron beams, and more. It was our hope that the meeting would engender new research directions and help to establish new collaborations, prompt new thinking for research and technology applications of vacuum arc science, and in general foster development of the field. The Workshop was a great success, as was clearly felt by all of the attendees. The small number of participants at the meeting tended to encourage a high level of closeness and communication between individuals. The location, a small resort on the western side of Lake Baikal in the vicinity of Irkutsk, was ideal - the isolated location, small and quiet, was excellent and was most conducive to discussion among individuals and small groups quite apart from the formal presentations.

Cathodic Arcs

Author : André Anders
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387791086
Total Pages : 555 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (877 download)

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Book Synopsis Cathodic Arcs by : André Anders

Download or read book Cathodic Arcs written by André Anders and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-07-30 with total page 555 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cathodic arcs are among the longest studied yet least understood objects in science. Plasma-generating, tiny spots appear on the cathode; they are highly dynamic and hard to control. With an approach emphasizing the fractal character of cathode spots, strongly fluctuating plasma properties are described such as the presence of multiply charged ions that move with supersonic velocity. Richly illustrated, the book also deals with practical issues, such as arc source construction, macroparticle removal, and the synthesis of dense, well adherent coatings. The book spans a bridge from plasma physics to coatings technology based on energetic condensation, appealing to scientists, practitioners and graduate students alike.

The Vacuum Interrupter

Author : Paul G. Slade
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 100017008X
Total Pages : 699 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis The Vacuum Interrupter by : Paul G. Slade

Download or read book The Vacuum Interrupter written by Paul G. Slade and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-11-29 with total page 699 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Title: The Vacuum Interrupter: Theory, Design, and Application Shelving guide: Electrical Engineering Dr. Paul Slade draws from his nearly six decades of active experience to develop this second edition of The Vacuum Interrupter: Theory, Design, and Application. This book begins by discussing the design requirements for high voltage vacuum interrupters and then the contact requirements to interrupt the vacuum arc. It then continues by describing the various applications in which the vacuum interrupter is generally utilized. Part 1 of this book begins with a detailed review of the vacuum breakdown process. It continues by covering the steps necessary for the design and the manufacture of a successful vacuum interrupter. The vacuum arc is then discussed, including how it is affected as a function of current. An overview of the development and use of practical contact materials, along with their advantages and disadvantages, follows. Contact designs that are introduced to control the high current vacuum arc are also analyzed. Part 2, on application, begins with a discussion of the arc interruption process for low current and high current vacuum arcs. It examines the voltage escalation phenomenon that can occur when interrupting inductive circuits. The occurrence of contact welding for closed contacts subjected to the passage of high currents, and for contacts when closing on high currents, is explored. The general requirements for the successful manufacture and testing of vacuum circuit breakers is then presented. The general application of vacuum interrupters to switch load currents, especially when applied to capacitor circuits, is also given. The interruption of high short circuit currents is presented along with the expected performance of the two major contact designs. Owing to the ever-increasing need for environmentally friendly circuit protection devices, the development and application of the vacuum interrupter will only increase in the future. At present the vacuum circuit breaker is the technology of choice for distribution circuits (5kV to 40.5kV). It is increasingly being applied to transmission circuits (72.5kV to 242kV). In the future, its application for protecting high voltage DC networks is assured. Audience This is a practical source book for engineers and scientists interested in studying the development and application of the vacuum interrupter Research scientists in industry and universities Graduate students beginning their study of vacuum interrupter phenomena Design engineers applying vacuum interrupters in vacuum switches, vacuum contactors, vacuum circuit breakers, and vacuum contactors It provides a unique and comprehensive review of all aspects of vacuum interrupter technology for those new to the subject and for those who wish to obtain a deeper understanding of its science and application Scientists and engineers, who are beginning their research into vacuum breakdown and aspects of the vacuum arc, will find the extensive bibliography and phenomenological descriptions to be a useful introduction

Cathode Phenomena in a Vacuum Discharge

Author : Gennadiĭ Andreevich Mesi︠a︡t︠s︡
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9785020225671
Total Pages : 399 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (256 download)

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Book Synopsis Cathode Phenomena in a Vacuum Discharge by : Gennadiĭ Andreevich Mesi︠a︡t︠s︡

Download or read book Cathode Phenomena in a Vacuum Discharge written by Gennadiĭ Andreevich Mesi︠a︡t︠s︡ and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Plasma Engineering

Author : Michael Keidar
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128137037
Total Pages : 587 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Plasma Engineering by : Michael Keidar

Download or read book Plasma Engineering written by Michael Keidar and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-08-06 with total page 587 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plasma Engineering, Second Edition, applies the unique properties of plasmas (ionized gases) to improve processes and performance over many fields, such as materials processing, spacecraft propulsion and nanofabrication. The book considers this rapidly expanding discipline from a unified standpoint, addressing fundamentals of physics and modeling, as well as new and real-word applications in aerospace, nanotechnology and bioengineering. This updated edition covers the fundamentals of plasma physics at a level suitable for students using application examples and contains the widest variety of applications of any text on the market, spanning the areas of aerospace engineering, nanotechnology and nanobioengineering. This is highly useful for courses on plasma engineering or plasma physics in departments of Aerospace Engineering, Electrical Engineering and Physics. It is also useful as an introduction to plasma engineering and its applications for early career researchers and practicing engineers. - Features new material relevant to application, including emerging areas of plasma nanotechnology and medicine - Contains a new chapter on plasma-based control, as well as a description of RF and microwave-based plasma applications, plasma lighting, reforming and other most recent application areas - Provides a technical treatment of the fundamental and engineering principles used in plasma applications

Roentgen Rays and Phenomena of the Anode and Cathode

Author : Edward P. Thompson
Publisher : Good Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 246 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (66 download)

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Book Synopsis Roentgen Rays and Phenomena of the Anode and Cathode by : Edward P. Thompson

Download or read book Roentgen Rays and Phenomena of the Anode and Cathode written by Edward P. Thompson and published by Good Press. This book was released on 2021-11-05 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Roentgen Rays and Phenomena of the Anode and Cathode" by Edward P. Thompson. Published by Good Press. Good Press publishes a wide range of titles that encompasses every genre. From well-known classics & literary fiction and non-fiction to forgotten−or yet undiscovered gems−of world literature, we issue the books that need to be read. Each Good Press edition has been meticulously edited and formatted to boost readability for all e-readers and devices. Our goal is to produce eBooks that are user-friendly and accessible to everyone in a high-quality digital format.

Modern Developments in Vacuum Electron Sources

Author : Georg Gaertner
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030472914
Total Pages : 609 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis Modern Developments in Vacuum Electron Sources by : Georg Gaertner

Download or read book Modern Developments in Vacuum Electron Sources written by Georg Gaertner and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-09 with total page 609 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gives an overview of modern cathodes and electron emitters for vacuum tubes and vacuum electron devices in general. It covers the latest developments in field emission theory as well as new methods towards improving thermionic and cold cathodes. It addresses thermionic cathodes, such as oxide cathodes, impregnated and scandate cathodes, as well as photocathodes and field emitters – the latter comprising carbon nanotubes, graphene and Spindt-type emitter arrays. Despite the rise and fall of the once dominant types of vacuum tubes, such as radio valves and cathode ray tubes, cathodes are continually being improved upon as new applications with increased demands arise, for example in electron beam lithography, high-power and high-frequency microwave tubes, terahertz imaging and electron sources for accelerators. Written by 17 experts in the field, the book presents the latest developments in cathodes needed for these applications, discussing the state of the art and addressing future trends.

2018 28th International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum (ISDEIV).

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781538643754
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (437 download)

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Book Synopsis 2018 28th International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum (ISDEIV). by :

Download or read book 2018 28th International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum (ISDEIV). written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Gas Discharge Closing Switches

Author : Gerhard Schaefer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1489921303
Total Pages : 575 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (899 download)

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Book Synopsis Gas Discharge Closing Switches by : Gerhard Schaefer

Download or read book Gas Discharge Closing Switches written by Gerhard Schaefer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 575 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pulsed power technology, in the simplest of terms, usually concerns the storage of electrical energy over relatively long times and then its rapid release over a comparatively short period. However, if we leave the definition at that, we miss a multitude of aspects that are important in the ultimate application of pulsed power. It is, in fact, the application of pulsed power technology to which this series of texts will be focused. Pulsed power in today's broader sense means "special power" as opposed to the tra ditional situation of high voltage impulse issues related to the utility industry. Since the pulsed power field is primarily application driven, it has principally an engineering flavor. Today' s applications span those from materials processing, such as metal forming by pulsed magnetic fields, to other varied applications, such as psy chedelic strobe lights or radar modulators. Very high peak power applications occur in research for inertial confinement fusion, the Strategic Defense Initiative and other historical defense uses. lri fact it is from this latter direction that pulsed power has real ized explosive growth over the past half century. Early thrusts were in electrically powered systems that simulated the environment or effects of nuclear weapons detonation. More recently it is being utilized as prime power sources for directed energy weapons, such as lasers, microwaves, particle beam weapons, and even mass drivers (kinetic energy weapons).

Roentgen Rays and Phenomena of the Anode and Cathode

Author : Edward P. Thompson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Roentgen Rays and Phenomena of the Anode and Cathode by : Edward P. Thompson

Download or read book Roentgen Rays and Phenomena of the Anode and Cathode written by Edward P. Thompson and published by . This book was released on 1896 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the early life of Charles Lindberg, leading up to his history-making transatlantic flight in 1927.

Numerical Simulations

Author : Lutz Angermann
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 953307440X
Total Pages : 534 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Numerical Simulations by : Lutz Angermann

Download or read book Numerical Simulations written by Lutz Angermann and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2011-01-30 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book will interest researchers, scientists, engineers and graduate students in many disciplines, who make use of mathematical modeling and computer simulation. Although it represents only a small sample of the research activity on numerical simulations, the book will certainly serve as a valuable tool for researchers interested in getting involved in this multidisciplinary field. It will be useful to encourage further experimental and theoretical researches in the above mentioned areas of numerical simulation.

Electrical Discharge

Author : C. Guy Suits
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1483224120
Total Pages : 434 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (832 download)

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Book Synopsis Electrical Discharge by : C. Guy Suits

Download or read book Electrical Discharge written by C. Guy Suits and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-12-20 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Collected Works of Irving Langmuir, Volume 4: Electrical Discharge is a 12-chapter text that covers the fundamental and theoretical aspects of electrical discharge, with a particular emphasis on discharge in gases. The opening chapters are concerned the negative probes as being due to the random positive-ion current of the plasma and the proper space-charge with a very simple discharge tube and some miscellaneous experiments on a simple tube in which streamer type discharges were observed, as well as the effects of small amounts of tungsten in the argon discharge. These topics are followed by discussions on the verification of the Langmuir Probe-Theory; the disturbing effects of mercury vapor blast from the cathode spot on the mercury pool; and the phenomena observed in the low pressure discharges. Other chapters explore the Faraday dark space of the glow discharge and how the electrons of a beam in a plasma are given their higher velocity components. The final chapters introduce the concept of plasma oscillation. This book will be of value to electronics engineers and technical workers.

Physics of Plasma-Wall Interactions in Controlled Fusion

Author : D. E. Post
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1475700679
Total Pages : 1178 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (757 download)

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Book Synopsis Physics of Plasma-Wall Interactions in Controlled Fusion by : D. E. Post

Download or read book Physics of Plasma-Wall Interactions in Controlled Fusion written by D. E. Post and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-21 with total page 1178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Controlled thermonuclear fusion is one of the possible candidates for long term energy sources which will be indispensable for our highly technological society. However, the physics and technology of controlled fusion are extremely complex and still require a great deal of research and development before fusion can be a practical energy source. For producing energy via controlled fusion a deuterium-tritium gas has to be heated to temperatures of a few 100 Million °c corres ponding to about 10 keV. For net energy gain, this hot plasma has to be confined at a certain density for a certain time One pro mising scheme to confine such a plasma is the use of i~tense mag netic fields. However, the plasma diffuses out of the confining magnetic surfaces and impinges on the surrounding vessel walls which isolate the plasma from the surrounding air. Because of this plasma wall interaction, particles from the plasma are lost to the walls by implantation and are partially reemitted into the plasma. In addition, wall atoms are released and can enter the plasma. These wall atoms or impurities can deteriorate the plasma performance due to enhanced energy losses through radiation and an increase of the required magnetic pressure or a dilution of the fuel in the plasma. Finally, the impact of the plasma and energy on the wall can modify and deteriorate the thermal and mechanical pro perties of the vessel walls.

The Physics and Technology of Ion Sources

Author : Ian G. Brown
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527604545
Total Pages : 396 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (276 download)

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Book Synopsis The Physics and Technology of Ion Sources by : Ian G. Brown

Download or read book The Physics and Technology of Ion Sources written by Ian G. Brown and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-03-06 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first edition of this title has become a well-known reference book on ion sources. The field is evolving constantly and rapidly, calling for a new, up-to-date version of the book. In the second edition of this significant title, editor Ian Brown, himself an authority in the field, compiles yet again articles written by renowned experts covering various aspects of ion source physics and technology. The book contains full chapters on the plasma physics of ion sources, ion beam formation, beam transport, computer modeling, and treats many different specific kinds of ion sources in sufficient detail to serve as a valuable reference text.

Double Layers: Potential Formation And Related Nonlinear Phenomena In Plasmas: Proceedings Of The 5th Symposium

Author : Sendai "Plasma Forum"
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9814545465
Total Pages : 460 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (145 download)

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Book Synopsis Double Layers: Potential Formation And Related Nonlinear Phenomena In Plasmas: Proceedings Of The 5th Symposium by : Sendai "Plasma Forum"

Download or read book Double Layers: Potential Formation And Related Nonlinear Phenomena In Plasmas: Proceedings Of The 5th Symposium written by Sendai "Plasma Forum" and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1998-02-06 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with modern plasma physics and engineering, focusing on space, laboratory and fusion-oriented plasmas. It is topical and pedagogical in nature.

Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 818 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :

Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 818 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.