Catalytic Decomposition Of Nitric Oxide And Carbon Monoxide Gases Using Nanofiber Based Filter Media

Author : Laila Shahreen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 268 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (896 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Download or read book Palladium Doped Titanium Dioxide Nanofiber Based Catalyst Support for Nitric Oxide Gas Reduction with Carbon Monoxide Gas written by Laila Shahreen and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NOx and CO are two most hazardous gases among the exhaust gases stream from automotive vehicles, power plants, coal and mine industries, reactors, smelters etc. These gases cause severe damage to vegetation, plant and aquatic life by photochemical reaction resulting smog and acid rain. Particulate matter less than 2:5[micrometers] is another substance to be removed from these sources. Serious health hazards are also likely to happen such as cardiovascular and respiratory problem even at the lower concentration of these noxious gases. Conventional method of eradicating NOx and CO is catalytic converter with ceramic substrate which is wash-coated by noble metal. Platinum, Palladium and Rhodium are three common active catalyst impregnated in Al2O3 based substrate although being expensive. According to US EPA total NOx emission in the world per year is 165 million tons of which 70-80% comes from automotive vehicles. To meet the requirement of EPA and preventing air pollution, highly cost effective and reliable functional material is in need. Ceramic nanofiber is a unique substitute as it is thermally stable, light weight and has high aspect ratio of diameter to volume compared to traditional one. In this work, Pd incorporated TiO2 ceramic nanofiber has been fabricated through electrospinning process followed by calcination at 600°C. Catalytic nanofiber was characterized using SEM, TEM, BET, XRD, XEDS to analyze fiber diameter, morphology, specific surface area, crystallization phase of TiO2 and PdO, atomic percentage of elements in fiber respectively. 0:5%, 1:7% and 2:7% Pd on TiO2 surface were loaded during electrospinning process. Proper optimization of electrospinning process parameters was done and elimination of beads on fiber was ensured observing the solution properties such as viscosity, surface tension and electrical conductivity with change of polymeric concentration. Among 8%, 10%, 12% and 13% PVP (W/W), 12% PVP offered beadless catalytic fiber for three different catalyst loading. Average fiber diameter is 180-280nm. Catalytic nanofiber was incorporated into a micro fibrous media and placed inside a reactor to see the NO ad CO conversion at different temperature from 25°C, 100°C, 200°C, 250°C, 300°C, 350°C, 400°C and 450°C. 2:7% Pd loaded catalytic filter showed complete conversion of gases at 300°C. As the amount of catalyst loading increased, the decomposition temperature decreased. Filter media was also tested in a TSI automated filter tester to see NaCl aerosol particle loading efficiency and then retested in the reactor to observe its effect on reactivity. A moderate change in decomposition temperature was observed after loading. TiO2 and PdO/TiO2 nanofiber was calcined at different temperature such as 200°C, 300°C, 400°C, 500°C and 600°C to find out anatase phase content and filter media was prepared out of these samples. To test the Photocatalytic activity of TiO2 nanofiber based filter media UV light was irradiated on the filter surface but no significant reaction was seen.