Capitalism, Slavery, and Republican Values

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Publisher : University of Texas Press
ISBN 13 : 0292741227
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (927 download)

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Book Synopsis Capitalism, Slavery, and Republican Values by : Allen Kaufman

Download or read book Capitalism, Slavery, and Republican Values written by Allen Kaufman and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2012-03-15 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the troubled days before the American Civil War, both Northern protectionists and Southern free trade economists saw political economy as the key to understanding the natural laws on which every republican political order should be based. They believed that individual freedom was one such law of nature and that this freedom required a market economy in which citizens could freely pursue their particular economic interests and goals. But Northern and Southern thinkers alike feared that the pursuit of wealth in a market economy might lead to the replacement of the independent producer by the wage laborer. A worker without property is a potential rebel, and so the freedom and commerce that give birth to such a worker would seem to be incompatible with preserving the content citizenry necessary for a stable, republican political order. Around the resolution of this dilemma revolved the great debate on the desirability of slavery in this country. Northern protectionists argued that independent labor must be protected at the same time that capitalist development is encouraged. Southern free trade economists answered that the formation of a propertyless class is inevitable; to keep the nation from anarchy and rebellion, slavery—justified by racism—must be preserved at any cost. Battles of the economists such as these left little room for political compromise between North and South as the antebellum United States confronted the corrosive effects of capitalist development. And slavery's retardant effect on the Southern economy ultimately created a rift within the South between those who sought to make slavery more like capitalism and those who sought to make capitalism more like slavery.

Capitalism, Slavery, and Republican Values

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Author :
Publisher : University of Texas Press
ISBN 13 : 1477300228
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (773 download)

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Book Synopsis Capitalism, Slavery, and Republican Values by : Allen Kaufman

Download or read book Capitalism, Slavery, and Republican Values written by Allen Kaufman and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2014-07-03 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the troubled days before the American Civil War, both Northern protectionists and Southern free trade economists saw political economy as the key to understanding the natural laws on which every republican political order should be based. They believed that individual freedom was one such law of nature and that this freedom required a market economy in which citizens could freely pursue their particular economic interests and goals. But Northern and Southern thinkers alike feared that the pursuit of wealth in a market economy might lead to the replacement of the independent producer by the wage laborer. A worker without property is a potential rebel, and so the freedom and commerce that give birth to such a worker would seem to be incompatible with preserving the content citizenry necessary for a stable, republican political order. Around the resolution of this dilemma revolved the great debate on the desirability of slavery in this country. Northern protectionists argued that independent labor must be protected at the same time that capitalist development is encouraged. Southern free trade economists answered that the formation of a propertyless class is inevitable; to keep the nation from anarchy and rebellion, slavery—justified by racism—must be preserved at any cost. Battles of the economists such as these left little room for political compromise between North and South as the antebellum United States confronted the corrosive effects of capitalist development. And slavery's retardant effect on the Southern economy ultimately created a rift within the South between those who sought to make slavery more like capitalism and those who sought to make capitalism more like slavery.

From Slavery to the Cooperative Commonwealth

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107033179
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis From Slavery to the Cooperative Commonwealth by : Alex Gourevitch

Download or read book From Slavery to the Cooperative Commonwealth written by Alex Gourevitch and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reconstructs how a group of nineteenth-century labor reformers appropriated and radicalized the republican tradition. These "labor republicans" derived their definition of freedom from a long tradition of political theory dating back to the classical republics. In this tradition, to be free is to be independent of anyone else's will - to be dependent is to be a slave. Borrowing these ideas, labor republicans argued that wage laborers were unfree because of their abject dependence on their employers. Workers in a cooperative, on the other hand, were considered free because they equally and collectively controlled their work. Although these labor republicans are relatively unknown, this book details their unique, contemporary, and valuable perspective on both American history and the organization of the economy.

Slavery's Capitalism

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Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
ISBN 13 : 0812293096
Total Pages : 417 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (122 download)

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Book Synopsis Slavery's Capitalism by : Sven Beckert

Download or read book Slavery's Capitalism written by Sven Beckert and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2016-07-28 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the nineteenth century, the United States entered the ranks of the world's most advanced and dynamic economies. At the same time, the nation sustained an expansive and brutal system of human bondage. This was no mere coincidence. Slavery's Capitalism argues for slavery's centrality to the emergence of American capitalism in the decades between the Revolution and the Civil War. According to editors Sven Beckert and Seth Rockman, the issue is not whether slavery itself was or was not capitalist but, rather, the impossibility of understanding the nation's spectacular pattern of economic development without situating slavery front and center. American capitalism—renowned for its celebration of market competition, private property, and the self-made man—has its origins in an American slavery predicated on the abhorrent notion that human beings could be legally owned and compelled to work under force of violence. Drawing on the expertise of sixteen scholars who are at the forefront of rewriting the history of American economic development, Slavery's Capitalism identifies slavery as the primary force driving key innovations in entrepreneurship, finance, accounting, management, and political economy that are too often attributed to the so-called free market. Approaching the study of slavery as the originating catalyst for the Industrial Revolution and modern capitalism casts new light on American credit markets, practices of offshore investment, and understandings of human capital. Rather than seeing slavery as outside the institutional structures of capitalism, the essayists recover slavery's importance to the American economic past and prompt enduring questions about the relationship of market freedom to human freedom. Contributors: Edward E. Baptist, Sven Beckert, Daina Ramey Berry, Kathryn Boodry, Alfred L. Brophy, Stephen Chambers, Eric Kimball, John Majewski, Bonnie Martin, Seth Rockman, Daniel B. Rood, Caitlin Rosenthal, Joshua D. Rothman, Calvin Schermerhorn, Andrew Shankman, Craig Steven Wilder.

Conservatives Against Capitalism

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Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231544618
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (315 download)

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Book Synopsis Conservatives Against Capitalism by : Peter Kolozi

Download or read book Conservatives Against Capitalism written by Peter Kolozi and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2017-08-08 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Few beliefs seem more fundamental to American conservatism than faith in the free market. Yet throughout American history, many of the major conservative intellectual and political figures have harbored deep misgivings about the unfettered market and its disruption of traditional values, hierarchies, and communities. In Conservatives Against Capitalism, Peter Kolozi traces the history of conservative skepticism about the influence of capitalism on politics, culture, and society. Kolozi discusses conservative critiques of capitalism—from its threat to the Southern way of life to its emasculating effects on American society to the dangers of free trade—considering the positions of a wide-ranging set of individuals, including John Calhoun, Theodore Roosevelt, Russell Kirk, Irving Kristol, and Patrick J. Buchanan. He examines the ways in which conservative thought went from outright opposition to capitalism to more muted critiques, ultimately reconciling itself to the workings and ethos of the market. By analyzing the unaddressed historical and present-day tensions between capitalism and conservative values, Kolozi shows that figures regarded as iconoclasts belong to a coherent tradition, and he creates a vital new understanding of the American conservative pantheon.

Free Enterprise

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Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 0300238258
Total Pages : 355 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Free Enterprise by : Lawrence B. Glickman

Download or read book Free Enterprise written by Lawrence B. Glickman and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2019-08-20 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An incisive look at the intellectual and cultural history of free enterprise and its influence on American politics Throughout the twentieth century, "free enterprise" has been a contested keyword in American politics, and the cornerstone of a conservative philosophy that seeks to limit government involvement into economic matters. Lawrence B. Glickman shows how the idea first gained traction in American discourse and was championed by opponents of the New Deal. Those politicians, believing free enterprise to be a fundamental American value, held it up as an antidote to a liberalism that they maintained would lead toward totalitarian statism. Tracing the use of the concept of free enterprise, Glickman shows how it has both constrained and transformed political dialogue. He presents a fascinating look into the complex history, and marketing, of an idea that forms the linchpin of the contemporary opposition to government regulation, taxation, and programs such as Medicare.

An Anxious Pursuit

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Publisher : UNC Press Books
ISBN 13 : 0807838306
Total Pages : 430 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (78 download)

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Book Synopsis An Anxious Pursuit by : Joyce E. Chaplin

Download or read book An Anxious Pursuit written by Joyce E. Chaplin and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2012-12-01 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In An Anxious Pursuit, Joyce Chaplin examines the impact of the Enlightenment ideas of progress on the lives and minds of American planters in the colonial Lower South. She focuses particularly on the influence of Scottish notions of progress, tracing the extent to which planters in South Carolina, Georgia, and British East Florida perceived themselves as a modern, improving people. She reads developments in agricultural practice as indices of planters' desire for progress, and she demonstrates the central role played by slavery in their pursuit of modern life. By linking behavior and ideas, Chaplin has produced a work of cultural history that unites intellectual, social, and economic history. Using public records as well as planters' and farmers' private papers, Chaplin examines innovations in rice, indigo, and cotton cultivation as a window through which to see planters' pursuit of a modern future. She demonstrates that planters actively sought to improve their society and economy even as they suffered a pervasive anxiety about the corrupting impact of progress and commerce. The basis for their accomplishments and the root of their anxieties, according the Chaplin, were the same: race-based chattel slavery. Slaves provied the labor necessary to attain planters' vision of the modern, but the institution ultimately limited the Lower South's ability to compete in the contemporary world. Indeed, whites continued to wonder whether their innovations, some of them defied by slaves, truly improved the region. Chaplin argues that these apprehensions prefigured the antimodern stance of the antebellum period, but she contends that they were as much a reflection of the doubt inherent in theories of progress as an outright rejection of those ideas.

The Panic of 1857 and the Coming of the Civil War

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Publisher : LSU Press
ISBN 13 : 0807153591
Total Pages : 341 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis The Panic of 1857 and the Coming of the Civil War by : James L. Huston

Download or read book The Panic of 1857 and the Coming of the Civil War written by James L. Huston and published by LSU Press. This book was released on 1999-03-01 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the autumn of 1857, sustained runs on New York banks led to a panic atmosphere that affected the American economy for the next two years. In The Panic of 1857 and the Coming of the Civil War, James L. Huston presents an exhaustive analysis of the political, social and intellectual repercussions of the Panic and shows how it exacerbated the conflict between North and South.The panic of 1857 initiated a general inquiry between free traders and protectionists into the deficiencies of American economic practices. A key aspect of this debate was the ultimate fate of the American worker, an issue that was given added emphasis by a series of labor demonstrations and strikes. In an attempt to maintain the material welfare of laborers, northerners advocated a program of high tariffs, free western lands, and education. But these proposals elicited the opposition of southerners, who believed that such policies would not serve the needs of the slaves system. Indeed, many people of the period saw the struggle between North and South as an economic one whose outcome would determine whether laborers would be free and well paid or degraded and poor.Politically, the Panic of 1857 resurrected economic issues that had characterized the Whig-Democratic party system prior to the 1850s. Southerners, observing the collapse of northern banks, believed that they could continue to govern the nation by convincing northern propertied interests that sectionalism had to be ended in order to ensure the continued profitability of intersectional trade. In short, they hoped for a marriage between the Yankee capitalist and the southern plantation owner.However, in northen states, the Panic had made the Whig program of high tariffs, a national bank, and internal improvements popular with distressed members of the community. The country's old-line Whigs and nativists were particularly affected by the state of economic affairs. When Republicans moved to adopt a portion of the old Whig program, conservatives found the attraction irresistible. By maintaining their new coalition with conservatives and by exploiting the weaknesses of the Buchanan administration, the Republicans managed to capture the presidency in 1860.No other book examines in such detail the political ramifications of the Panic of 1857. By explaining how the economic depression influenced the course of sectional debate, Huston has made an important and much-needed contribution to Civil War historiography.

The Age of Lincoln

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Publisher : Hill and Wang
ISBN 13 : 1429939559
Total Pages : 661 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (299 download)

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Book Synopsis The Age of Lincoln by : Orville Vernon Burton

Download or read book The Age of Lincoln written by Orville Vernon Burton and published by Hill and Wang. This book was released on 2008-07-08 with total page 661 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stunning in its breadth and conclusions, The Age of Lincoln is a fiercely original history of the five decades that pivoted around the presidency of Abraham Lincoln. Abolishing slavery, the age's most extraordinary accomplishment, was not its most profound. The enduring legacy of the age of Lincoln was inscribing personal liberty into the nation's millennial aspirations. America has always perceived providence in its progress, but in the 1840s and 1850s pessimism accompanied marked extremism, as Millerites predicted the Second Coming, utopianists planned perfection, Southerners made slavery an inviolable honor, and Northerners conflated Manifest Destiny with free-market opportunity. Even amid historic political compromises the middle ground collapsed. In a remarkable reappraisal of Lincoln, the distinguished historian Orville Vernon Burton shows how the president's authentic Southernness empowered him to conduct a civil war that redefined freedom as a personal right to be expanded to all Americans. In the violent decades to follow, the extent of that freedom would be contested but not its central place in what defined the country. Presenting a fresh conceptualization of the defining decades of modern America, The Age of Lincoln is narrative history of the highest order.

Calculating the Value of the Union

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Publisher : UNC Press Books
ISBN 13 : 0807861685
Total Pages : 413 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (78 download)

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Book Synopsis Calculating the Value of the Union by : James L. Huston

Download or read book Calculating the Value of the Union written by James L. Huston and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2004-07-21 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While slavery is often at the heart of debates over the causes of the Civil War, historians are not agreed on precisely what aspect of slavery--with its various social, economic, political, cultural, and moral ramifications--gave rise to the sectional rift. In Calculating the Value of the Union, James Huston integrates economic, social, and political history to argue that the issue of property rights as it pertained to slavery was at the center of the Civil War. In the early years of the nineteenth century, southern slaveholders sought a national definition of property rights that would recognize and protect their ownership of slaves. Northern interests, on the other hand, opposed any national interpretation of property rights because of the threat slavery posed to the northern free labor market, particularly if allowed to spread to western territories. This impasse sparked a process of political realignment that culminated in the creation of the Republican Party, ultimately leading to the secession crisis. Deeply researched and carefully written, this study rebuts recent trends in antebellum historiography and persuasively argues for a fundamentally economic interpretation of the slavery issue and the coming of the Civil War.

The Soul's Economy

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Publisher : Univ of North Carolina Press
ISBN 13 : 080786143X
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (78 download)

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Book Synopsis The Soul's Economy by : Jeffrey Sklansky

Download or read book The Soul's Economy written by Jeffrey Sklansky and published by Univ of North Carolina Press. This book was released on 2003-10-16 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tracing a seismic shift in American social thought, Jeffrey Sklansky offers a new synthesis of the intellectual transformation entailed in the rise of industrial capitalism. For a century after Independence, the dominant American understanding of selfhood and society came from the tradition of political economy, which defined freedom and equality in terms of ownership of the means of self-employment. However, the gradual demise of the household economy rendered proprietary independence an increasingly embattled ideal. Large landowners and industrialists claimed the right to rule as a privilege of their growing monopoly over productive resources, while dispossessed farmers and workers charged that a propertyless populace was incompatible with true liberty and democracy. Amid the widening class divide, nineteenth-century social theorists devised a new science of American society that came to be called "social psychology." The change Sklansky charts begins among Romantic writers such as Ralph Waldo Emerson and Margaret Fuller, continues through the polemics of political economists such as Henry George and William Graham Sumner, and culminates with the pioneers of modern American psychology and sociology such as William James and Charles Horton Cooley. Together, these writers reconceived freedom in terms of psychic self-expression instead of economic self-interest, and they redefined democracy in terms of cultural kinship rather than social compact.

American Capitalism

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Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1501171305
Total Pages : 464 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis American Capitalism by : Louis Hyman

Download or read book American Capitalism written by Louis Hyman and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2017-05-23 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To understand the past and especially our own times, arguably no story is as essential to get right as the history of capitalism. Nearly all of our theories about promoting progress come from how we interpret the economic changes of the last 500 years. This past decade’s crises continue to remind us just how much capitalism changes, even as basic features like wage labor, financial markets, private property, and entrepreneurs endure. While capitalism has a global history, the United States plays a special role in that story. American Capitalism: A Reader will help you to understand how the United States became the world’s leading economic power, while revealing essential lessons about what has been and what will be possible in capitalism’s ongoing revolution. Combining a wealth of essential readings, introductions by Professors Baptist and Hyman, and questions to help guide readers through the materials and broader subject, this course reader will prepare students to think critically about the history of capitalism in America.

Old Dominion Industrial Commonwealth

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Publisher : Johns Hopkins University Press+ORM
ISBN 13 : 1421400510
Total Pages : 449 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (214 download)

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Book Synopsis Old Dominion Industrial Commonwealth by : Sean Patrick Adams

Download or read book Old Dominion Industrial Commonwealth written by Sean Patrick Adams and published by Johns Hopkins University Press+ORM. This book was released on 2009-12-01 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A look at the role of state policies in North-South economic divergence and in American industrial development leading up to the Civil War. In 1796, famed engineer and architect Benjamin Henry Latrobe toured the coal fields outside Richmond, Virginia, declaring enthusiastically, “Such a mine of Wealth exists, I believe, nowhere else!” With its abundant and accessible deposits, growing industries, and network of rivers and ports, Virginia stood poised to serve as the center of the young nation’s coal trade. By the middle of the nineteenth century, however, Virginia’s leadership in the American coal industry had completely unraveled while Pennsylvania, at first slow to exploit its vast reserves of anthracite and bituminous coal, had become the country’s leading producer. Sean Patrick Adams compares the political economies of coal in Virginia and Pennsylvania from the late eighteenth century through the Civil War, examining the divergent paths these two states took in developing their ample coal reserves during a critical period of American industrialization. In both cases, Adams finds, state economic policies played a major role. Virginia’s failure to exploit the rich coal fields in the western part of the state can be traced to the legislature’s overriding concern to protect and promote the interests of the agrarian, slaveholding elite of eastern Virginia. Pennsylvania’s more factious legislature enthusiastically embraced a policy of economic growth that resulted in the construction of an extensive transportation network, a statewide geological survey, and support for private investment in its coal fields. Using coal as a barometer of economic change, Old Dominion, Industrial Commonwealth addresses longstanding questions about North-South economic divergence and the role of state government in American industrial development.

Slavery, Philosophy, and American Literature, 1830–1860

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Author :
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 113944476X
Total Pages : 233 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Slavery, Philosophy, and American Literature, 1830–1860 by : Maurice S. Lee

Download or read book Slavery, Philosophy, and American Literature, 1830–1860 written by Maurice S. Lee and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2005-08-18 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examining the literature of slavery and race before the Civil War, Maurice Lee, in this 2005 book, demonstrates how the slavery crisis became a crisis of philosophy that exposed the breakdown of national consensus and the limits of rational authority. Poe, Stowe, Douglass, Melville, and Emerson were among the antebellum authors who tried - and failed - to find rational solutions to the slavery conflict. Unable to mediate the slavery controversy as the nation moved toward war, their writings form an uneasy transition between the confident rationalism of the American Enlightenment and the more skeptical thought of the pragmatists. Lee draws on antebellum moral philosophy, political theory, and metaphysics, bringing a different perspective to the literature of slavery - one that synthesizes cultural studies and intellectual history to argue that romantic, sentimental, and black Atlantic writers all struggled with modernity when facing the slavery crisis.

American Aristocrats

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Publisher : Basic Books
ISBN 13 : 0465098991
Total Pages : 471 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (65 download)

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Book Synopsis American Aristocrats by : Harry S Stout

Download or read book American Aristocrats written by Harry S Stout and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2017-11-21 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The story of an ambitious family at the forefront of the great middle-class land grab that shaped early American capitalism American Aristocrats is a multigenerational biography of the Andersons of Kentucky, a family of strivers who passionately believed in the promise of America. Beginning in 1773 with the family patriarch, a twice-wounded Revolutionary War hero, the Andersons amassed land throughout what was then the American west. As the eminent religious historian Harry S. Stout argues, the story of the Andersons is the story of America's experiment in republican capitalism. Congressmen, diplomats, and military generals, the Andersons enthusiastically embraced the emerging American gospel of land speculation. In the process, they became apologists for slavery and Indian removal, and worried anxiously that the volatility of the market might lead them to ruin. Drawing on a vast store of Anderson family records, Stout reconstructs their journey to great wealth as they rode out the cataclysms of their time, from financial panics to the Civil War and beyond. Through the Andersons we see how the lure of wealth shaped American capitalism and the nation's continental aspirations.

Jefferson's Freeholders and the Politics of Ownership in the Old Dominion

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Author :
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107379350
Total Pages : 271 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (73 download)

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Book Synopsis Jefferson's Freeholders and the Politics of Ownership in the Old Dominion by : Christopher Michael Curtis

Download or read book Jefferson's Freeholders and the Politics of Ownership in the Old Dominion written by Christopher Michael Curtis and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-04-30 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jefferson's Freeholders and the Politics of Ownership in the Old Dominion explores the historical processes by which Virginia was transformed from a British colony into a Southern slave state. It focuses on changing conceptualizations of ownership and emphasizes the persistent influence of the English common law on Virginia's postcolonial political culture. The book explains how the traditional characteristics of land tenure became subverted by the dynamic contractual relations of a commercial economy and assesses the political consequences of the law reforms that were necessitated by these developments. Nineteenth-century reforms seeking to reconcile the common law with modern commercial practices embraced new democratic expressions about the economic and political power of labor, and thereby encouraged the idea that slavery was an essential element in sustaining republican government in Virginia. By the 1850s, the ownership of human property had replaced the ownership of land as the distinguishing basis for political power, with tragic consequences for the Old Dominion.

Masterless Men

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 110718424X
Total Pages : 373 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis Masterless Men by : Keri Leigh Merritt

Download or read book Masterless Men written by Keri Leigh Merritt and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-05-08 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the lives of the Antebellum South's underprivileged whites in nineteenth-century America.