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Capital Structure Or Debt Tax Shielding Ratio
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Book Synopsis Capital Structure or Debt Tax Shielding Ratio by : Ilse Verschueren
Download or read book Capital Structure or Debt Tax Shielding Ratio written by Ilse Verschueren and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: So far, the trade-off theory of capital structure has received little empirical support. Berens and Cuny (1995) argue that, as firms can avoid tax payments completely without being fully debt-financed, it would be more appropriate to consider the extent to which firms avoid taxes, their so-called debt tax shielding ratio, rather than their leverage. It could then also be argued that the theoretical determinants of capital structure choice should explain firms' debt tax shielding ratios. I investigate whether the trade-off theory can explain the variance in debt tax shielding by Belgian firms. The results provide only meagre support for the trade-off theory.
Book Synopsis Theory Of The Firm's Cost Of Capital, A: How Debt Affects The Firm's Risk, Value, Tax Rate, And The Government's Tax Claim by : Ramesh K S Rao
Download or read book Theory Of The Firm's Cost Of Capital, A: How Debt Affects The Firm's Risk, Value, Tax Rate, And The Government's Tax Claim written by Ramesh K S Rao and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2007-03-12 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The cost of capital concept has myriad applications in business decision-making. The standard methodology for deriving cost of capital estimates is based on the seminal Modigliani-Miller analyses. This book generalizes this framework to include non-debt tax shields (e.g., depreciation), interactions between the borrowing rate and tax shields, and default considerations. It develops several new results and shows how better cost of capital and marginal tax rate estimates can be generated. The book's unified cost of capital theory is discussed with comprehensive numerical examples and graphical illustrations.This book will be of interest to corporate managers, academics, investment bankers, governmental agencies, and private companies that generate cost of capital estimates for public consumption.
Book Synopsis The Capital Structure Decision by : Harold Bierman Jr.
Download or read book The Capital Structure Decision written by Harold Bierman Jr. and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1958 an academic paper on corporate finance written by two professors (Merton Miller and Frances Modigliani, who were later awarded the Nobel prize for their research efforts) was published in The American Economic Review. One prime conclusion of their paper was that the exact form of a firm's capital structure did not affect the firm's value. Later papers by the same two authors and by many others modified the assumptions and changed this conclusion. We now think that capital structure decisions do affect a firm's value and corporate managers should understand better the financing alternatives that are available. One of the most important financial decisions is the decision to buy or lease assets. The leasing industry is large and getting larger. Unfortunately, it is very easy for a firm to evaluate incorrectly lease alternatives (see Chapter 12). The capital structure decision is one of the three most important financial decisions that management make (the distribution of earnings and the capital budgeting decisions are the other two contenders). Managers should increase their understanding of capital structure alternatives and remember that choosing the best capital structure is an art and not an exact simple calculation. But applying the art can be improved with understanding.
Book Synopsis A Theory of the Firm's Cost of Capital by : Ramesh K. S. Rao
Download or read book A Theory of the Firm's Cost of Capital written by Ramesh K. S. Rao and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2007 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The cost of capital concept is widely used in business decision-making. The current theory and estimates for measurement of cost of capital are derived from the seminal Modigliani-Miller analyses. This book generalizes this framework to include non-debt tax shields (e.g., depreciation) and default considerations. It develops several new results and shows how better cost of capital and marginal tax rate estimates can be generated. The unified cost of capital theory presented in the book is illustrated graphically and with comprehensive numerical examples. This book will be of great interest to practicing managers, academics, governmental agencies and private companies that generate cost of capital estimates for public consumption.
Book Synopsis The Effect of Taxes on Capital Structure by : Susan Chaplinsky
Download or read book The Effect of Taxes on Capital Structure written by Susan Chaplinsky and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Generalized Modigliani–Miller Theory by : Peter Brusov
Download or read book Generalized Modigliani–Miller Theory written by Peter Brusov and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-03-28 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The original theory of capital cost and capital structure put forward by Nobel Prize Winners Modigliani and Miller has since been modified by many authors, and this book discusses some of them. The book’s authors have created general theory of capital cost and capital structure – the Brusov–Filatova–Orekhova (BFO) theory, which generalizes the Modigliani–Miller theory to encompass companies of an arbitrary age (and arbitrary lifetime). Despite the availability of this more general theory, the classical Modigliani–Miller theory is still widely used in practice. In this book, the authors for the first time generalize it for cases of practical relevance: for the case of variable profit; for the case of advance tax-on-profit payments and interest on debt payments; for the case of several tax-on-profit and interest on debt payments per period; and for the combination of all three effects. These generalizations lead to valuable theoretical results as well as significantly widen of practical application this theory in practice and increase of the quality of finance management of the company. As well, the book investigates the applications of said results in corporate finance, investments, taxation and ratings, where employing a generalized Modigliani–Miller theory can be very fruitful.
Book Synopsis Financial Management from an Emerging Market Perspective by : Soner Gokten
Download or read book Financial Management from an Emerging Market Perspective written by Soner Gokten and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-01-17 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the main reasons to name this book as Financial Management from an Emerging Market Perspective is to show the main differences of financial theory and practice in emerging markets other than the developed ones. Our many years of learning, teaching, and consulting experience have taught us that the theory of finance differs in developed and emerging markets. It is a well-known fact that emerging markets do not always share the same financial management problems with the developed ones. This book intends to show these differences, which could be traced to several characteristics unique to emerging markets, and these unique characteristics could generate a different view of finance theory in a different manner. As a consequence, different financial decisions, arrangements, institutions, and practices may evolve in emerging markets over time. The purpose of this book is to provide practitioners and academicians with a working knowledge of the different financial management applications and their use in an emerging market setting. Six main topics regarding the financial management applications in emerging markets are covered, and the context of these topics are "Capital Structure," "Market Efficiency and Market Models," "Merger and Acquisitions and Corporate Governance," "Working Capital Management," "Financial Economics and Digital Currency," and "Real Estate and Health Finance."
Book Synopsis The Effect of Expected Effective Corporate Tax Rates on Incremental Financing Decisions by : Mr.Reint Gropp
Download or read book The Effect of Expected Effective Corporate Tax Rates on Incremental Financing Decisions written by Mr.Reint Gropp and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1997-04-01 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper uses U.S. panel data to estimate the effect of expected effective corporate tax rates on firm’s leverage. The paper directly estimates expected corporate tax rates using rational expectations. The estimated measures of the expected effective tax rates of firms are related to a continuous measure of incremental debt financing. The paper finds that expected effective tax rates are significantly and positively related to a higher level of debt financing. Simulations suggest that debt issues would double if firms were unable to shield profits and actually faced the statutory tax rate.
Book Synopsis The Capital Structure Puzzle Revisted by : James L. Berens
Download or read book The Capital Structure Puzzle Revisted written by James L. Berens and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corporate finance researchers have long been puzzled by low corporate debt rations, given debt's corporate tax advantage. This paper recognizes that firm value typically reflects a growing stream of earnings, while current debt reflects a non-growing stream of interest payments. Debt-to-value is therefore a distorted measure of corporate tax shielding. Even with very small debt-related costs, this may explain the observed magnitude and cross-sectional variation of debt ratios. Since this variation may be independent of tax shielding, debt ratios provide an inappropriate framework for empirically examining the tradeoff theory of capital structure.
Book Synopsis The Effect of Taxes and Leverage Related Costs on Corporate Capital Structure by : F. M. McDougall
Download or read book The Effect of Taxes and Leverage Related Costs on Corporate Capital Structure written by F. M. McDougall and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Modern Corporate Finance, Investments, Taxation and Ratings by : Peter Brusov
Download or read book Modern Corporate Finance, Investments, Taxation and Ratings written by Peter Brusov and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-11 with total page 571 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph is devoted to a modern theory of capital cost and capital structure created by this book’s authors, called the Brusov–Filatova–Orekhova (BFO) theory, and its application to the real economy. BFO theory promises to replace the traditional theory of capital cost and capital structure by Nobel laureates Modigliani and Miller. This new theory in particular, presents a possible explanation to the causes of the recent global financial crisis. The authors of the book describe the general theory of capital cost and capital structure that can be applied to corporations of arbitrary age (or with arbitrary lifetime) and investment projects with arbitrary duration. The authors illustrate their theory with examples from corporate practice and develop investment models that can be applied by companies in their financial operations. This updated second edition includes new chapters devoted to the application of the BFO theory in ratings, banking and other areas. The authors also provide a new approach to rating methodology highlighting the need for including financial flow discounting, the incorporation of rating parameters (in particular, financial ratios) into the modern theory of capital structure - BFO theory. This book aims to change our understanding of corporate finance, investments, taxation and rating procedures. The authors emphasize that the most used principles of financial management should be changed in accordance to BFO theory.
Book Synopsis Taxes and Corporate Capital Structure by : Youngrok Choi
Download or read book Taxes and Corporate Capital Structure written by Youngrok Choi and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Modern Corporate Finance, Investments and Taxation by : Peter Brusov
Download or read book Modern Corporate Finance, Investments and Taxation written by Peter Brusov and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-06-02 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph is devoted to the modern theory of capital cost and capital structure and its application to the real economy. In particular, it presents a possible explanation to the causes of global financial crisis. The authors of the book modify the theory of Nobel Prize winners Modigliani and Miller to describe an alternative theory of capital cost and capital structure that can be applied to corporations with arbitrary lifetime and investment projects with arbitrary duration. The authors illustrate their theory with examples from corporate practice and develop investment models that can be applied by companies in their financial operations.
Book Synopsis The Brusov–Filatova–Orekhova Theory of Capital Structure by : Peter Brusov
Download or read book The Brusov–Filatova–Orekhova Theory of Capital Structure written by Peter Brusov and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-06-18 with total page 786 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book introduces and discusses the modern theory of the cost of capital and capital structure - the BFO theory (Brusov-Filatova-Orekhova theory), which is valid for companies of arbitrary age and which replaced the theory of Nobel laureates Modigliani and Miller. The theory takes into account the conditions faced by companies operating in the real economy, such as revenue fluctuations; the arbitrary frequency of tax on profit payments (monthly, quarterly, semi-annual or annual payments), both for advance income tax payments and for payments at the end of the respective period; and the arbitrary frequency of interest on loans payments. The impact of these conditions on the company value, on the cost of raising capital, on the company's dividend policy and managerial decisions are discussed. The book subsequently develops new applications of the BFO theory in several areas such as corporate finance, corporate governance, investments, taxation, business valuations and ratings.
Book Synopsis Capital structure and assets risk by : Marco Botta
Download or read book Capital structure and assets risk written by Marco Botta and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2014-05-21 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Doctoral Thesis / Dissertation from the year 2007 in the subject Economics - Finance, grade: NA, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, language: English, abstract: Using a sample of non-financial listed firms located in the Euro area, I investigate the determinants of capital structure choices. In line with the traditional theoretical approach, I use a market-value measure of leverage, estimated with the Black-Scholes-Merton model. In the cross-section regressions for firm leverage I find that some variables have similar effects across countries, while others may play a different role; risk, measured as the volatility of the market enterprise value, is the best predictor of observed leverage ratios. Risk, and asymmetric information about risk, make debt less attractive, because of higher expected bankruptcy costs, lower expected debt tax shield and higher agency costs. National environments are an important determinant of observed ratios; sector of activity is a relevant factor as well. The integration of Euro-area financial markets varies significantly depending on the market segment considered: money and inter-bank markets are highly integrated, corporate bond and equity markets show a clear path of increasing integration, retail banking markets are much less integrated. Fiscal and bankruptcy rules differ across the twelve countries; the economic background varies as well.
Book Synopsis Corporate Capital Structure in Europe by : Julia Koralun-Bereźnicka
Download or read book Corporate Capital Structure in Europe written by Julia Koralun-Bereźnicka and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-08-08 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comprehensive examination of the factors affecting corporate capital structures across 12 European Union countries, focusing on the influence of country-specific, industry-specific and firm-size-related determinants. It provides a comprehensive review of various interpretations of the capital structure concept and offers a detailed characterisation of commonly employed metrics. Furthermore, it offers an overview of capital structure theories and attempts to classify the factors that shape the financial leverage of enterprises within the framework of these theories. Additionally, it draws readers’ attention to contemporary factors potentially affecting corporate financing decisions, such as Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) considerations or technological advances and innovations in finance. It combines theoretical insights with empirical research to explore the direct and indirect impacts of these factors on companies’ financing patterns. Targeting a broad readership including students, Ph.D. candidates, researchers, academics and financial practitioners, the book offers a rich understanding of capital structure optimisation and its significance for enhancing company value. Through its coverage of various capital structure theories, determinants and the role of external and internal factors in capital structure decisions, the book is an essential resource for those interested in the complex nature of these influences within the European landscape. With the exception of Chapter 2, no part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Chapter 2 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license. Any third party material in this book is not included in the OA Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. Please direct any permissions enquiries to the original rightsholder.
Book Synopsis Capital Structure Policy: Kleen Kar Inc. by : Maximilian Wegener
Download or read book Capital Structure Policy: Kleen Kar Inc. written by Maximilian Wegener and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2013-05-29 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2012 in the subject Business economics - Investment and Finance, grade: 9, Maastricht University (SBE), course: intermediate financial management (IFM), language: English, abstract: Questions 1A) Business risk is the risk to firm’s stockholders without debt. Business risk can be measured by the standard deviation (later referred to as: SD) of “return of capital invested” ROIC= (EBIT (1-T))/Capital. Typical sources of business risk are factors associated with day-to-day operations of the business, such as input price-, demand-, sales price- and currency variability or the ability to innovate and the extent of operating leverage used. The establishment of long-term contracts can mitigate business risk with suppliers or distributors or with hedging strategies in case of currency risks. On the other hand, financial risk is the risk stockholders bear, because of the use of debt. In the case of debt usage the stockholders bear all the business risk, because debt holders receive a fixed interest payment. 1B/C) The additional risk from the debt can be measured, if one compares the levered beta to the unlevered beta. The levered beta should be higher than the unlevered and therefor react more severe to broad market movements, reflecting the additional risk. Moreover, since the beta is part of the CAPM model, the required return for equity holders rises which makes perfect sense, since equity holders want to be compensated for the additional risk from financial leverage. Leverage increases stockholders ROE, because the denominator of (Net income)/Equity is smaller since V_L consists of debt and equity, in contrast to a all equity financed company. Finally one can compare the SD of a levered and unlevered firm. The higher ROE comes at the cost of an increased SD, because of the higher variability of ROE.
