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Capillary Transport Of Cryogenic Liquids In Porous Structures
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Book Synopsis Capillary transport of cryogenic liquids in porous structures by : Ming Zhang
Download or read book Capillary transport of cryogenic liquids in porous structures written by Ming Zhang and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2013-06-18 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In space, liquids behave differently than on earth due to lack of gravity. For gas-free propellant delivery a Propellant Management Device (PMD) or Liquid Acquisition Device (LAD) is often applied in space technology. Its proper functioning is ensured by employing porous structures due to the wicking effect (capillarity). A better understanding of wicking process with cryogenic liquids is essential for the design of future PMDs, which employ cryogenic propellants. The first part of this work focuses on the mathematical modelling and experimental investigation of wicking processes with liquid nitrogen. The influence of liquid evaporation on wicking processes can be described by newly derived mathematical equations, which have a similar form to the Lucas-Washburn equation. The second part of this work deals with CFD simulations of wicking processes on both microscopic and macroscopic scales. Simulations on the microscopic scale aim to achieve structure parameters of the investigated porous media such as permeability, static pore radius and porosity. The surface geometries of the porous media are obtained through CAD program or computer tomography (CT). Simulations on the macroscopic scale treat porous structures as a macroscopic continuum, which is then described with previously obtained structure parameters.
Book Synopsis Capillary transport processes in porous materials - experiment and model by : Nicolas Fries
Download or read book Capillary transport processes in porous materials - experiment and model written by Nicolas Fries and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2010-09-29 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Experimental and Theoretical Investigations of Wicking in Porous Media by : Yulia Grebenyuk
Download or read book Experimental and Theoretical Investigations of Wicking in Porous Media written by Yulia Grebenyuk and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2018-02-05 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this work is to advance the knowledge on the behavior of fluids in porous materials. Wicking, or imbibition, is a spontaneous penetration of liquid into porous media due to capillary forces. Due to the challenges of the capillary transport of cryogenic liquids, the wicking of liquid nitrogen subjected to evaporation was of a special interest for this research. For that, a novel test facility was built to perform experiments in a one-species system under pre-defined non-isothermal conditions. Two one-dimensional macroscopic wicking models were proposed to evaluate the impact of the porous sample superheat, geometrical and structural characteristics as well as the impact of the vapor flow created due to evaporation. In the second part of this work, the capillary transport abilities of porous ceramic monoliths of anisotropic structure were studied. The polymer-derived ceramic samples fabricated with the freeze-casting method were characterized via vertical wicking tests. In the third part, the capillary transport properties of porous media and the wicking process were examined using the computational fluid dynamics software. The results of benchmark microscopic and macroscopic simulations may serve as a basis for further numerical investigations of fluid flow problems in porous media.
Book Synopsis Transport Phenomena in Capillary-Porous Structures and Heat Pipes by : Henry Smirnov
Download or read book Transport Phenomena in Capillary-Porous Structures and Heat Pipes written by Henry Smirnov and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-07-29 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two-phase nano- and micro-thermal control device research is now proving relevant to a growing range of modern applications, including those in cryogenics, thermal engineering, MEMS, and aerospace engineering. Until now, researchers have lacked a definitive resource that provides a complete review of micro- and nano-scale evaporative heat and mass
Book Synopsis Capillary Liquid Transport in Porous Media by : Jaap van Brakel
Download or read book Capillary Liquid Transport in Porous Media written by Jaap van Brakel and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Experimental and Theoretical Investigations of the Physical Processes Related to the Retention Capability of a Double Screen Element against Liquid Hydrogen in Earth's Gravity and in Microgravity with Respect to the Applied Stimuli by : André Pingel
Download or read book Experimental and Theoretical Investigations of the Physical Processes Related to the Retention Capability of a Double Screen Element against Liquid Hydrogen in Earth's Gravity and in Microgravity with Respect to the Applied Stimuli written by André Pingel and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2022-08-04 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metal screens are commonly used as components for fluid handling in spacecraft and rocket tank designs. In most cases, the screens perform a passive separation of the propellant phases. The separation of the liquid from the gaseous propellant phase, is a special challenge. Liquid-gas phase separation means that the gaseous phase is allowed to enter a phase separation device while the liquid phase is blocked. The technical application of this process is the depressurization in a propellant tank. A certain amount of the gaseous propellant phase is vented from the tank through the gas port. The liquid propellant phase remains in the tank in order to be stored for the engine. However, if the tank causes a liquid movement during the depressurization, a part of the liquid can potentially enter the gas port. In order to prevent the unwanted liquid outflow, a separation of the liquid from the gas is necessary. This is possible with the aid of a double screen element and has already been performed for storable liquids in Earth’s gravity and microgravity as well as for cryogenic liquids in Earth’s gravity. At the current state of the art, the separation of the liquid from the gaseous phase of the cryogenic propellant hydrogen using a double screen element has not been performed in microgravity. However, with regard to a possible application, it is mandatory to investigate the function of the double screen element for the real propellant under relevant environmental conditions. In this work, a cryogenic test facility has been developed and operated successfully under Earth’s gravity and microgravity conditions using the drop tower at the University of Bremen. Hereby, the original, cryogenic propellant phases: liquid and gaseous hydrogen, have been used. The experiments show the appearance of the physical processes which are related to the retention capability of a double screen element against liquid hydrogen. Furthermore, these physical processes can obviously be influenced by an unknown boundary condition at the screens: the screen saturation. This unknown boundary condition in turn can obviously be influenced by a certain stimulus which causes a special, fluid mechanical process. A simplified mathematical and two numerical models have been developed which combine the observed, physical processes in the experiments. Two fitting parameters are introduced which influence the flow through screen pressure loss of the liquid and the gaseous hydrogen phase. After the fitting to experimental data, the two fitting parameters have been interpreted with respect to a possible screen saturation. The results lead to a prediction of the unknown boundary condition and indicate that a partial saturation of the screens with liquid could be present in each considered experiment. This can possibly lead to a major influence of the overall resistance of the double screen element against liquid hydrogen.
Book Synopsis Low-Loss Storage and Handling of Cryogenic Liquids by : Thomas D. Bostock
Download or read book Low-Loss Storage and Handling of Cryogenic Liquids written by Thomas D. Bostock and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-21 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The revised second edition of this practical book reviews the fundamentals of cryogenic liquid behaviour in small and large scale storage systems. The text is based on research findings on the convective and evaporative behaviour of cryogenic fluids, aimed at improving the design, construction and operation of low-loss cryogenic liquid storage systems, with a view to minimising cost and improving operational safety. Since the first edition was published in 2006, the breadth of cryogenic applications and the modelling of cryogenic fluid dynamics (CFD) have expanded in several directions. In this second edition, most chapters have been extended to introduce discussions of these new applications and their safety and energy economy. These include advances in the modelling of CFD required in, for example, the design of miniature cryocoolers and condensers and reboilers, large-scale cryogenic liquid mixture properties and their stability, and the understanding that hazards and safety problems in the public domain increase with the scaling up of cryogenic systems. With helpful summaries at the end of each chapter, the book is an essential reference for anyone working on the design and operation of cryogenic liquid storage and transportation systems.
Book Synopsis Low Temperature and Cryogenic Refrigeration by : Sadik Kakaç
Download or read book Low Temperature and Cryogenic Refrigeration written by Sadik Kakaç and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Refrigeration plays a prominent role in our everyday lives, and cryogenics plays a major role in medical science, space technology and the cooling of low-temperature electronics. This volume contains chapters on basic refrigeration systems, non-compression refrigeration and cooling, and topics related to global environmental issues, alternative refrigerants, optimum refrigerant selection, cost-quality optimization of refrigerants, advanced thermodynamics of reverse-cycle machines, applications in medicine, cryogenics, heat pipes, gas-solid absorption refrigeration, multisalt resorption heat pumps, cryocoolers, thermoacoustic refrigeration, cryogenic heat transfer and enhancement and other topics covering theory, design, and applications, such as pulse tube refrigeration, which is the most efficient of all cryocoolers and can be used in space missions.
Book Synopsis Periodic Flow Physics in Porous Media of Regenerative Cryocoolers by : Mihir Gaurang Pathak
Download or read book Periodic Flow Physics in Porous Media of Regenerative Cryocoolers written by Mihir Gaurang Pathak and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pulse tube cryocoolers (PTC) are a class of rugged and high-endurance refrigeration systems that operate without moving parts at their low temperature ends, and are capable of reaching temperatures down to and below 123 K. PTCs are particularly suitable for applications in space, guiding systems, cryosurgery, medicine preservation, superconducting electronics, magnetic resonance imaging, weather observation, and liquefaction of gases. Applications of these cryocoolers span across many industries including defense, aerospace, biomedical, energy, and high tech. Among the challenges facing the PTC research community is the improvement of system efficiency, which is a direct function of the regenerator component performance. A PTC implements the theory of oscillatory compression and expansion of the gas within a closed volume to achieve desired refrigeration. An important deficiency with respect to the state of art models dealing with PTCs is the limited understanding of the hydrodynamic and thermal transport parameters associated with periodic flow of a cryogenic fluid in micro-porous structures. In view of the above, the goals of this investigation include: 1) experimentally measuring and correlating the steady and periodic flow Darcy permeability and Forchheimer's inertial hydrodynamic parameters for available rare-Earth ErPr regenerator filler; 2) employing a CFD-assisted methodology for the unambiguous quantification of the Darcy permeability and Forchheimer's inertial hydrodynamic parameters, based on experimentally measured steady and periodic flow pressure drops in porous structures representing recently developed regenerator fillers; and 3) performing a direct numerical pore-level investigation for steady and periodic flows in a generic porous medium in order to elucidate the flow and transport processes, and quantify the solid-fluid hydrodynamic and heat transfer parameters. These hydrodynamic resistances parameters were found to be significantly different for steady and oscillatory flows.
Book Synopsis Advances in Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer by : Lixin Cheng
Download or read book Advances in Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer written by Lixin Cheng and published by Bentham Science Publishers. This book was released on 2010-04-21 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Multiphase flow and heat transfer have found a wide range of applications in several engineering and science fields such as mechanical engineering, chemical and petrochemical engineering, nuclear engineering, energy engineering, material engineering, ocea"
Book Synopsis Refrigeration Systems and Applications by : Ibrahim Dinçer
Download or read book Refrigeration Systems and Applications written by Ibrahim Dinçer and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-08-10 with total page 467 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Refrigeration Systems and Applications, 2nd edition offers a comprehensive treatise that addresses real-life technical and operational problems, enabling the reader to gain an understanding of the fundamental principles and the practical applications of refrigeration technology. New and unique analysis techniques (including exergy as a potential tool), models, correlations, procedures and applications are covered, and recent developments in the field are included - many of which are taken from the author's own research activities in this area. The book also includes some discussion of global warming issues and its potential solutions. Enables the reader to gain an understanding of the fundamental principles and the practical applications of refrigeration technologies. Discusses crucial industrial technical and operational problems, as well as new performance improvement techniques and tools for better design and analysis. Includes fundamental aspects of thermodynamics, fluid flow, and heat transfer; refrigerants; refrigeration cycles and systems; advanced refrigeration cycles and systems, including some novel applications; heat pumps; heat pipes; and many more. Provides easy to follow explanations, numerous new chapter-end problems and worked-out examples as learning aids for students and instructors. Refrigeration is extensively used in a variety of thermal engineering applications ranging from the cooling of electronic devices to food cooling processes. Its wide-ranging implications and applications mean that this industry plays a key role in national and international economies, and it continues to be an area of active research and development. Refrigeration Systems and Applications, 2nd edition forms a useful reference source for graduate and postgraduate students and researchers in academia and as well as practicing engineers working in this important field who are interested in refrigeration systems and applications and the methods and analysis tools for their analysis, design and performance improvement.
Book Synopsis The Chemistry and Physics of Engineering Materials by : Alexandr A. Berlin
Download or read book The Chemistry and Physics of Engineering Materials written by Alexandr A. Berlin and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-07-17 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new volume focuses on the limitations, properties, and models in the chemistry and physics of engineering materials that have potential for applications in several disciplines of engineering and science. Contributions range from new methods to novel applications of existing methods. The collection of topics in this volume reflects the diversity of recent advances in chemistry and physics of engineering materials with a broad perspective that will be useful for scientists as well as for graduate students and engineers. This new book presents leading-edge research from around the world. Topics in the book include: • aerogels materials and technology • diffusion dynamics in nanomaterials • entropic nomograms • structural analyses of particulate-filled polymer nanocomposites mechanical properties • protection of rubbers against aging • structure-property correlation and forecast of corrosion This volume is also sold as part of a two-volume set. Volume 1 focuses on modern analytic methodologies in the chemistry and physics of engineering materials.
Download or read book Heat Pipes written by David Reay and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2013-10-01 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heat Pipes, Sixth Edition, takes a highly practical approach to the design and selection of heat pipes, making it an essential guide for practicing engineers and an ideal text for postgraduate students.This new edition has been revised to include new information on the underlying theory of heat pipes and heat transfer, and features fully updated applications, new data sections, and updated chapters on design and electronics cooling. The book is a useful reference for those with experience and an accessible introduction for those approaching the topic for the first time. Contains all information required to design and manufacture a heat pipe Suitable for use as a professional reference and graduate text Revised with greater coverage of key electronic cooling applications
Book Synopsis Thermocapillary Flow with Evaporation and Condensation and Its Effect on Liquid Retention in Low-G Fluid Acquisition Devices by : G. R. Schmidt
Download or read book Thermocapillary Flow with Evaporation and Condensation and Its Effect on Liquid Retention in Low-G Fluid Acquisition Devices written by G. R. Schmidt and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Heat and Mass Transfer by : Alekseĭ Vasilʹevich Lykov
Download or read book Heat and Mass Transfer written by Alekseĭ Vasilʹevich Lykov and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :Richard W. Johnson Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :9783540646129 Total Pages :1962 pages Book Rating :4.6/5 (461 download)
Book Synopsis The Handbook of Fluid Dynamics by : Richard W. Johnson
Download or read book The Handbook of Fluid Dynamics written by Richard W. Johnson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1998-08-18 with total page 1962 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing professionals in the field with a comprehensive guide and resource, this book balances three traditional areas of fluid mechanics - theoretical, computational, and experimental - and expounds on basic science and engineering techniques. Each chapter discusses the primary issues related to the topic in question, outlines expert approaches, and supplies references for further information.
Book Synopsis Materials Behavior by : Mihai Ciocoiu
Download or read book Materials Behavior written by Mihai Ciocoiu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-06-26 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of advanced materials has become extremely important in the last decade, being widely used in academic and industrial research. This book examines the potential of advanced materials as well as nanotechnology to improve fiber science from fibril to fabric mode, to create better materials and products for a variety of aspects. The book presents research advances in materials behavior using fractal analysis, mathematical modeling and simulation, and other methods. Examined are electrical, mechanical, optical, and magnetic properties; size; morphology; and chemical behavior of such materials as aerogels, polymer films, nanocomposite materials, natural composites, catalysis, and more with a view to their application in the medical, engineering, and textile fields. With chapters written by eminent scientists, the book offers valuable information for academics, researchers, and engineering professionals. Contributions range from new methods to novel applications of existing methods to help readers gain understanding of the material and/or structural behavior of new and advanced systems.
