The Russian Origins of the First World War

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Author :
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674072332
Total Pages : 345 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis The Russian Origins of the First World War by : Sean McMeekin

Download or read book The Russian Origins of the First World War written by Sean McMeekin and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2013-05-06 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The catastrophe of the First World War, and the destruction, revolution, and enduring hostilities it wrought, make the issue of its origins a perennial puzzle. Since World War II, Germany has been viewed as the primary culprit. Now, in a major reinterpretation of the conflict, Sean McMeekin rejects the standard notions of the war’s beginning as either a Germano-Austrian preemptive strike or a “tragedy of miscalculation.” Instead, he proposes that the key to the outbreak of violence lies in St. Petersburg. It was Russian statesmen who unleashed the war through conscious policy decisions based on imperial ambitions in the Near East. Unlike their civilian counterparts in Berlin, who would have preferred to localize the Austro-Serbian conflict, Russian leaders desired a more general war so long as British participation was assured. The war of 1914 was launched at a propitious moment for harnessing the might of Britain and France to neutralize the German threat to Russia’s goal: partitioning the Ottoman Empire to ensure control of the Straits between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean. Nearly a century has passed since the guns fell silent on the western front. But in the lands of the former Ottoman Empire, World War I smolders still. Sunnis and Shiites, Arabs and Jews, and other regional antagonists continue fighting over the last scraps of the Ottoman inheritance. As we seek to make sense of these conflicts, McMeekin’s powerful exposé of Russia’s aims in the First World War will illuminate our understanding of the twentieth century.

Britain, Russia and the Road to the First World War

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317172299
Total Pages : 377 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (171 download)

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Book Synopsis Britain, Russia and the Road to the First World War by : Marina Soroka

Download or read book Britain, Russia and the Road to the First World War written by Marina Soroka and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-15 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For much of the later nineteenth-century Britain regarded Russia as its main international rival, particularly as regarded the security of its colonial possessions in India. Yet, by 1907 Russia's political revolution, financial collapse and military defeat by Japan, transformed the situation, resulting in an Anglo-Russian rapprochement. As this book makes clear, whilst international affairs lay at the root of this new relationship, personal factors also played an important role in reversing many years of mutual animosity and suspicion. In particular the study explores the influence of the liberal anglophile Count Aleksandr Benckendorff, the Russian ambassador in London between 1903 and 1916. By 1905, Russia's multiple weaknesses required a prolonged period of external peace by eliminating frictions with the principal rival powers, Britain and Germany, while France and Britain realised that a British rapprochement with Russia would be necessary to counter Germany's power. Benckendorff, as one of the most important figures in the Russian diplomatic service, persuaded Nicholas II and his Foreign Minister, V.N. Lamsdorff, to drop their objections to various long-standing British demands in order to pave the way for a Triple Entente. Although the overarching Russian strategy was conceived as 'balancing' the imperial rivalries of Britain and Germany, numerous factors - not least Benckendorff's energetic pro-British stance - upset the scales and resulted in a stand-off with the Central Powers. Demonstrating how Benckendorff's fear of losing Britain's friendship made him oppose all Russia's efforts at improving Russo-German relations, this book underlines the pro-Entente policy’s role in setting Russia on the road to war. For when the Sarajevo crisis struck; there was now no hope of appealing to German goodwill to help defuse the situation. Instead Russia's status within the Entente depended on a show of determination and strength, which lead inexorably to a disaster o

The Road Less Traveled

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Author :
Publisher : PublicAffairs
ISBN 13 : 1541750942
Total Pages : 418 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (417 download)

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Book Synopsis The Road Less Traveled by : Philip Zelikow

Download or read book The Road Less Traveled written by Philip Zelikow and published by PublicAffairs. This book was released on 2021-03-16 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During a pivotal few months in the middle of the First World War all sides-Germany, Britain, and America-believed the war could be concluded. Peace at the end of 1916 would have saved millions of lives and changed the course of history utterly. Two years into the most terrible conflict the world had ever known, the warring powers faced a crisis. There were no good military options. Money, men, and supplies were running short on all sides. The German chancellor secretly sought President Woodrow Wilson's mediation to end the war, just as British ministers and France's president also concluded that the time was right. The Road Less Traveled describes how tantalizingly close these far-sighted statesmen came to ending the war, saving millions of lives, and avoiding the total war that dimmed hopes for a better world. Theirs was a secret battle that is only now becoming fully understood, a story of civic courage, awful responsibility, and how some leaders rose to the occasion while others shrank from it or chased other ambitions. "Peace is on the floor waiting to be picked up!" pleaded the German ambassador to the United States. This book explains both the strategies and fumbles of people facing a great crossroads of history. The Road Less Traveled reveals one of the last great mysteries of the Great War: that it simply never should have lasted so long or cost so much.

St. Petersburg

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Author :
Publisher : Legare Street Press
ISBN 13 : 9781019893463
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (934 download)

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Book Synopsis St. Petersburg by : George Dobson

Download or read book St. Petersburg written by George Dobson and published by Legare Street Press. This book was released on 2023-07-18 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: St. Petersburg is a vivid and evocative portrait of Russia's 'Window to the West'. Haenen and Dobson delve into the city's storied past, tracing its rise from a humble fishing village to a center of power, culture, and education. With its stunning architecture, world-class museums, and rich history, St. Petersburg continues to captivate visitors to this day. This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

George, Nicholas and Wilhelm

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Author :
Publisher : Vintage
ISBN 13 : 1400079128
Total Pages : 562 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis George, Nicholas and Wilhelm by : Miranda Carter

Download or read book George, Nicholas and Wilhelm written by Miranda Carter and published by Vintage. This book was released on 2011-03-08 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the years before the First World War, the great European powers were ruled by three first cousins: King George V of Britain, Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany, and Tsar Nicholas II of Russia. Together, they presided over the last years of dynastic Europe and the outbreak of the most destructive war the world had ever seen, a war that set twentieth-century Europe on course to be the most violent continent in the history of the world. Through brilliant and often darkly comic portraits of these men and their lives, their foibles and obsessions, Miranda Carter delivers the tragicomic story of Europe’s early twentieth-century aristocracy, a solipsistic world preposterously out of kilter with its times.

Britain, Russia and the Road to the First World War

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781315570013
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Britain, Russia and the Road to the First World War by : Marina Soroka

Download or read book Britain, Russia and the Road to the First World War written by Marina Soroka and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Strategy and Supply (RLE The First World War)

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317703448
Total Pages : 343 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)

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Book Synopsis Strategy and Supply (RLE The First World War) by : Keith Neilson

Download or read book Strategy and Supply (RLE The First World War) written by Keith Neilson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-04-24 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on a wide range of primary sources, this book shows the way in which diplomacy, economics, finance and strategy became intertwined during the First World War. The author examines the diplomatic, economic, financial and military relations between Britain and Russia and argues that the key to understanding the alliance is the British determination to win the war and the role Russia played in achieving this aim. British strategy is shown to be more the result of her relations with her allies, especially during the first years of the war, than a quarrel between East and West. This revision of the accepted interpretation of the strategy leads to a reassessment of the views of Lloyd George, Kitchener and Grey. The author concludes that in 1917 the British interest in Russia remained as it was earlier in the war: the maintenance of a powerful ally on the eastern front.

The Road to War

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Author :
Publisher : Random House (NY)
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 426 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Road to War by : R. J. Overy

Download or read book The Road to War written by R. J. Overy and published by Random House (NY). This book was released on 1989 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reconstructs the perspective of each country as it marched down the road to war: Germany, Great Britain, France, Italy, the Soviet Union, Japan, and the United States, each with domestic problems and international ambitions.

Russia and the World

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Author :
Publisher : London, Cassell
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (891 download)

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Book Synopsis Russia and the World by : Stephen Graham

Download or read book Russia and the World written by Stephen Graham and published by London, Cassell. This book was released on 1915 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Thirteen Days

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Author :
Publisher : Vintage
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Thirteen Days by : Clive Ponting

Download or read book Thirteen Days written by Clive Ponting and published by Vintage. This book was released on 2002 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ponting examines the 13 days leading up to World War I, beginning with a dramatic recreation of the assassination in Sarajevo, followed by a description of the developments city by city, day by day.

The War That Ended Peace

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Author :
Publisher : Random House
ISBN 13 : 0812994701
Total Pages : 1064 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis The War That Ended Peace by : Margaret MacMillan

Download or read book The War That Ended Peace written by Margaret MacMillan and published by Random House. This book was released on 2013-10-29 with total page 1064 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NAMED ONE OF THE BEST BOOKS OF THE YEAR BY The New York Times Book Review • The Economist • The Christian Science Monitor • Bloomberg Businessweek • The Globe and Mail From the bestselling and award-winning author of Paris 1919 comes a masterpiece of narrative nonfiction, a fascinating portrait of Europe from 1900 up to the outbreak of World War I. The century since the end of the Napoleonic wars had been the most peaceful era Europe had known since the fall of the Roman Empire. In the first years of the twentieth century, Europe believed it was marching to a golden, happy, and prosperous future. But instead, complex personalities and rivalries, colonialism and ethnic nationalisms, and shifting alliances helped to bring about the failure of the long peace and the outbreak of a war that transformed Europe and the world. The War That Ended Peace brings vividly to life the military leaders, politicians, diplomats, bankers, and the extended, interrelated family of crowned heads across Europe who failed to stop the descent into war: in Germany, the mercurial Kaiser Wilhelm II and the chief of the German general staff, Von Moltke the Younger; in Austria-Hungary, Emperor Franz Joseph, a man who tried, through sheer hard work, to stave off the coming chaos in his empire; in Russia, Tsar Nicholas II and his wife; in Britain, King Edward VII, Prime Minister Herbert Asquith, and British admiral Jacky Fisher, the fierce advocate of naval reform who entered into the arms race with Germany that pushed the continent toward confrontation on land and sea. There are the would-be peacemakers as well, among them prophets of the horrors of future wars whose warnings went unheeded: Alfred Nobel, who donated his fortune to the cause of international understanding, and Bertha von Suttner, a writer and activist who was the first woman awarded Nobel’s new Peace Prize. Here too we meet the urbane and cosmopolitan Count Harry Kessler, who noticed many of the early signs that something was stirring in Europe; the young Winston Churchill, then First Lord of the Admiralty and a rising figure in British politics; Madame Caillaux, who shot a man who might have been a force for peace; and more. With indelible portraits, MacMillan shows how the fateful decisions of a few powerful people changed the course of history. Taut, suspenseful, and impossible to put down, The War That Ended Peace is also a wise cautionary reminder of how wars happen in spite of the near-universal desire to keep the peace. Destined to become a classic in the tradition of Barbara Tuchman’s The Guns of August, The War That Ended Peace enriches our understanding of one of the defining periods and events of the twentieth century. Praise for The War That Ended Peace “Magnificent . . . The War That Ended Peace will certainly rank among the best books of the centennial crop.”—The Economist “Superb.”—The New York Times Book Review “Masterly . . . marvelous . . . Those looking to understand why World War I happened will have a hard time finding a better place to start.”—The Christian Science Monitor “The debate over the war’s origins has raged for years. Ms. MacMillan’s explanation goes straight to the heart of political fallibility. . . . Elegantly written, with wonderful character sketches of the key players, this is a book to be treasured.”—The Wall Street Journal “A magisterial 600-page panorama.”—Christopher Clark, London Review of Books

Britain, Russia and the Road to the First World War

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Author :
Publisher : Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.
ISBN 13 : 140948226X
Total Pages : 332 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Britain, Russia and the Road to the First World War by : Dr Marina Soroka

Download or read book Britain, Russia and the Road to the First World War written by Dr Marina Soroka and published by Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. This book was released on 2013-07-28 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For much of the later nineteenth-century Britain regarded Russia as its main international rival, particularly as regarded the security of its colonial possessions in India. Yet, by 1907 Russia's political revolution, financial collapse and military defeat by Japan, transformed the situation, resulting in an Anglo-Russian rapprochement. As this book makes clear, whilst international affairs lay at the root of this new relationship, personal factors also played an important role in reversing many years of mutual animosity and suspicion. In particular the study explores the influence of the liberal anglophile Count Aleksandr Benckendorff, the Russian ambassador in London between 1903 and 1916. By 1905, Russia's multiple weaknesses required a prolonged period of external peace by eliminating frictions with the principal rival powers, Britain and Germany, while France and Britain realised that a British rapprochement with Russia would be necessary to counter Germany's power. Benckendorff, as one of the most important figures in the Russian diplomatic service, persuaded Nicholas II and his Foreign Minister, V.N. Lamsdorff, to drop their objections to various long-standing British demands in order to pave the way for a Triple Entente. Although the overarching Russian strategy was conceived as 'balancing' the imperial rivalries of Britain and Germany, numerous factors - not least Benckendorff's energetic pro-British stance - upset the scales and resulted in a stand-off with the Central Powers. Demonstrating how Benckendorff's fear of losing Britain's friendship made him oppose all Russia's efforts at improving Russo-German relations, this book underlines the pro-Entente policy’s role in setting Russia on the road to war. For when the Sarajevo crisis struck; there was now no hope of appealing to German goodwill to help defuse the situation. Instead Russia's status within the Entente depended on a show of determination and strength, which lead inexorably to a disaster of the Great War.

July 1914

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Author :
Publisher : Basic Books
ISBN 13 : 0465038867
Total Pages : 482 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (65 download)

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Book Synopsis July 1914 by : Sean McMeekin

Download or read book July 1914 written by Sean McMeekin and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2014-04-29 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When a Serbian-backed assassin gunned down Archduke Franz Ferdinand in late June 1914, the world seemed unmoved. Even Ferdinand's own uncle, Franz Josef I, was notably ambivalent about the death of the Hapsburg heir, saying simply, "It is God's will." Certainly, there was nothing to suggest that the episode would lead to conflict -- much less a world war of such massive and horrific proportions that it would fundamentally reshape the course of human events. As acclaimed historian Sean McMeekin reveals in July 1914, World War I might have been avoided entirely had it not been for a small group of statesmen who, in the month after the assassination, plotted to use Ferdinand's murder as the trigger for a long-awaited showdown in Europe. The primary culprits, moreover, have long escaped blame. While most accounts of the war's outbreak place the bulk of responsibility on German and Austro-Hungarian militarism, McMeekin draws on surprising new evidence from archives across Europe to show that the worst offenders were actually to be found in Russia and France, whose belligerence and duplicity ensured that war was inevitable. Whether they plotted for war or rode the whirlwind nearly blind, each of the men involved -- from Austrian Foreign Minister Leopold von Berchtold and German Chancellor Bethmann Hollweg to Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Sazonov and French president Raymond Poincaré- sought to capitalize on the fallout from Ferdinand's murder, unwittingly leading Europe toward the greatest cataclysm it had ever seen. A revolutionary account of the genesis of World War I, July 1914 tells the gripping story of Europe's countdown to war from the bloody opening act on June 28th to Britain's final plunge on August 4th, showing how a single month -- and a handful of men -- changed the course of the twentieth century.

How Churchill Waged War

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Author :
Publisher : Grub Street Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1473893917
Total Pages : 374 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (738 download)

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Book Synopsis How Churchill Waged War by : Allen Packwood

Download or read book How Churchill Waged War written by Allen Packwood and published by Grub Street Publishers. This book was released on 2018-10-30 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An analytical investigation into Prime Minister Winston Churchill’s decision-making process during every stage of World War II. When Winston Churchill accepted the position of Prime Minister in May 1940, he insisted in also becoming Minister of Defence. This, though, meant that he alone would be responsible for the success or failure of Britain’s war effort. It also meant that he would be faced with many monumental challenges and utterly crucial decisions upon which the fate of Britain and the free world rested. With the limited resources available to the UK, Churchill had to pinpoint where his country’s priorities lay. He had to respond to the collapse of France, decide if Britain should adopt a defensive or offensive strategy, choose if Egypt and the war in North Africa should take precedence over Singapore and the UK’s empire in the East, determine how much support to give the Soviet Union, and how much power to give the United States in controlling the direction of the war. In this insightful investigation into Churchill’s conduct during the Second World War, Allen Packwood, BA, MPhil (Cantab), FRHistS, the Director of the Churchill Archives Centre, enables the reader to share the agonies and uncertainties faced by Churchill at each crucial stage of the war. How Churchill responded to each challenge is analyzed in great detail and the conclusions Packwood draws are as uncompromising as those made by Britain’s wartime leader as he negotiated his country through its darkest days.

The Rhyme of History

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Author :
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
ISBN 13 : 0815725981
Total Pages : 31 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (157 download)

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Book Synopsis The Rhyme of History by : Margaret MacMillan

Download or read book The Rhyme of History written by Margaret MacMillan and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2013-12-18 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the 100th anniversary of World War I approaches, historian Margaret MacMillan compares current global tensions—rising nationalism, globalization’s economic pressures, sectarian strife, and the United States’ fading role as the world’s pre-eminent superpower—to the period preceding the Great War. In illuminating the years before 1914, MacMillan shows the many parallels between then and now, telling an urgent story for our time. THE BROOKINGS ESSAY: In the spirit of its commitment to high-quality, independent research, the Brookings Institution has commissioned works on major topics of public policy by distinguished authors, including Brookings scholars. The Brookings Essay is a multi-platform product aimed to engage readers in open dialogue and debate. The views expressed, however, are solely those of the author. Available in ebook only.

The Long Shadow: The Legacies of the Great War in the Twentieth Century

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Author :
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
ISBN 13 : 0393244296
Total Pages : 544 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (932 download)

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Book Synopsis The Long Shadow: The Legacies of the Great War in the Twentieth Century by : David Reynolds

Download or read book The Long Shadow: The Legacies of the Great War in the Twentieth Century written by David Reynolds and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2014-05-12 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner of the 2014 PEN Hessell-Tiltman Prize for the Best Work of History. "If you only read one book about the First World War in this anniversary year, read The Long Shadow. David Reynolds writes superbly and his analysis is compelling and original." —Anne Chisolm, Chair of the PEN Hessell-Tiltman Prize Committee, and Chair of the Royal Society of Literature. One of the most violent conflicts in the history of civilization, World War I has been strangely forgotten in American culture. It has become a ghostly war fought in a haze of memory, often seen merely as a distant preamble to World War II. In The Long Shadow critically acclaimed historian David Reynolds seeks to broaden our vision by assessing the impact of the Great War across the twentieth century. He shows how events in that turbulent century—particularly World War II, the Cold War, and the collapse of Communism—shaped and reshaped attitudes to 1914–18. By exploring big themes such as democracy and empire, nationalism and capitalism, as well as art and poetry, The Long Shadow is stunningly broad in its historical perspective. Reynolds throws light on the vast expanse of the last century and explains why 1914–18 is a conflict that America is still struggling to comprehend. Forging connections between people, places, and ideas, The Long Shadow ventures across the traditional subcultures of historical scholarship to offer a rich and layered examination not only of politics, diplomacy, and security but also of economics, art, and literature. The result is a magisterial reinterpretation of the place of the Great War in modern history.

The Eastern Front 1914-1917

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Author :
Publisher : Penguin UK
ISBN 13 : 0141938854
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (419 download)

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Book Synopsis The Eastern Front 1914-1917 by : Norman Stone

Download or read book The Eastern Front 1914-1917 written by Norman Stone and published by Penguin UK. This book was released on 2008-06-26 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Without question one of the classics of post-war historical scholarship, Stone's boldly conceived and brilliantly executed book opened the eyes of a generation of young British historians raised on tales of the Western trenches to the crucial importance of the Eastern Front in the First World War' Niall Ferguson 'Scholarly, lucid, entertaining, based on a thorough knowledge of Austrian and Russian sources, it sharply revises traditional assumptions about the First World War.' Michael Howard