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Author : Rudolf Gati
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (18 download)
Download or read book Bose-Einstein Condensates in a Single Double Well Potential written by Rudolf Gati and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Tarik Berrada
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319272330
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (192 download)
Download or read book Interferometry with Interacting Bose-Einstein Condensates in a Double-Well Potential written by Tarik Berrada and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-17 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis demonstrates a full Mach–Zehnder interferometer with interacting Bose–Einstein condensates confined on an atom chip. It relies on the coherent manipulation of atoms trapped in a magnetic double-well potential, for which the author developed a novel type of beam splitter. Particle-wave duality enables the construction of interferometers for matter waves, which complement optical interferometers in precision measurement devices, both for technological applications and fundamental tests. This requires the development of atom-optics analogues to beam splitters, phase shifters and recombiners. Particle interactions in the Bose–Einstein condensate lead to a nonlinearity, absent in photon optics. This is exploited to generate a non-classical state with reduced atom-number fluctuations inside the interferometer. This state is then used to study the interaction-induced dephasing of the quantum superposition. The resulting coherence times are found to be a factor of three longer than expected for coherent states, highlighting the potential of entanglement as a resource for quantum-enhanced metrology.
Author : David Ananikian
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781109967159
Total Pages : 102 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (671 download)
Download or read book Dynamics of a Bose-Einstein Condensate in a Double-well Potential written by David Ananikian and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At zero temperature the dynamics of the trapped BEC is well described by the Gross-Pitaevskii equation. Our primary goal is to explore the range of validity of a two-mode model in the basis of symmetric and antisymmetric eigenfunctions of the stationary Gross-Pitaevskii equation. In what we call an "improved two-mode model" (I2M), the tunneling coupling energy includes a non-linear term explicitly. We show that when the atom number in each well varies appreciably with time, the nonlinear interaction term produces a temporal change in the tunneling energy or rate. The usefulness of this model is demonstrated by good agreement with recent experimental results for the tunneling oscillation frequency. Especially for larger values of the nonlinear interaction term, the I2M model produces better agreement as compared to the models which have no interaction term in the tunneling energy and fail in the case of large effective coupling constant. In addition, we develop a multimode approach in contrast to Bogoliubov quasiparticle excitation theory. Compared to the I2M model the multimode approach has better agreement with the numerical solution of time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation. A quantum I2M model has been introduced to obtain modified equations of motion for the second quantized version of BEC in the double-well potential. The dynamics of quantum I2M model is essentially governed by the su (2) subalgebra of the full dynamic algebra so (3,2) built on two types of creation and annihilation bose operators. We also extend our results for the case of nonzero temperature in the regime of partial local equilibrium between the condensate and noncondensate atoms deriving equations of motion for the damping oscillations. This approach is based on ZNG theory within the two-mode approximation which treats the noncondensate atoms statically. We analytically elaborate two different regimes: the small oscillation regime about zero imbalance between two wells, and the self-trapping regime about a metastable state with nonzero imbalance.
Author : Igor V. Andrianov
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319922343
Total Pages : 530 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)
Download or read book Problems of Nonlinear Mechanics and Physics of Materials written by Igor V. Andrianov and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-31 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents contributions on the current problems in a number of topical areas of nonlinear dynamics and physics, written by experts from Russia, Ukraine, Israel, Germany, Poland, Italy, the Netherlands, the USA, and France. The book is dedicated to Professor Leonid I. Manevitch, an outstanding scholar in the fields of Mechanics of Solids, Nonlinear Dynamics, and Polymer Physics, on the occasion of his 80th birthday.
Author : Christian Groß
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642256368
Total Pages : 123 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (422 download)
Download or read book Spin Squeezing and Non-linear Atom Interferometry with Bose-Einstein Condensates written by Christian Groß and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-13 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interferometry, the most precise measurement technique known today, exploits the wave-like nature of the atoms or photons in the interferometer. As expected from the laws of quantum mechanics, the granular, particle-like features of the individually independent atoms or photons are responsible for the precision limit, the shot noise limit. However this “classical” bound is not fundamental and it is the aim of quantum metrology to overcome it by employing entanglement among the particles. This work reports on the realization of spin-squeezed states suitable for atom interferometry. Spin squeezing was generated on the basis of motional and spin degrees of freedom, whereby the latter allowed the implementation of a full interferometer with quantum-enhanced precision.
Author : Kaspar Sakmann
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642228666
Total Pages : 135 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (422 download)
Download or read book Many-Body Schrödinger Dynamics of Bose-Einstein Condensates written by Kaspar Sakmann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-08-31 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At extremely low temperatures, clouds of bosonic atoms form what is known as a Bose-Einstein condensate. Recently, it has become clear that many different types of condensates -- so called fragmented condensates -- exist. In order to tell whether fragmentation occurs or not, it is necessary to solve the full many-body Schrödinger equation, a task that remained elusive for experimentally relevant conditions for many years. In this thesis the first numerically exact solutions of the time-dependent many-body Schrödinger equation for a bosonic Josephson junction are provided and compared to the approximate Gross-Pitaevskii and Bose-Hubbard theories. It is thereby shown that the dynamics of Bose-Einstein condensates is far more intricate than one would anticipate based on these approximations. A special conceptual innovation in this thesis are optimal lattice models. It is shown how all quantum lattice models of condensed matter physics that are based on Wannier functions, e.g. the Bose/Fermi Hubbard model, can be optimized variationally. This leads to exciting new physics.
Author : G.M. Tino
Publisher : IOS Press
ISBN 13 : 161499448X
Total Pages : 807 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (149 download)
Download or read book Atom Interferometry written by G.M. Tino and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2014-10-16 with total page 807 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since atom interferometers were first realized about 20 years ago, atom interferometry has had many applications in basic and applied science, and has been used to measure gravity acceleration, rotations and fundamental physical quantities with unprecedented precision. Future applications range from tests of general relativity to the development of next-generation inertial navigation systems. This book presents the lectures and notes from the Enrico Fermi school "Atom Interferometry", held in Varenna, Italy, in July 2013. The aim of the school was to cover basic experimental and theoretical aspects and to provide an updated review of current activities in the field as well as main achievements, open issues and future prospects. Topics covered include theoretical background and experimental schemes for atom interferometry; ultracold atoms and atom optics; comparison of atom, light, electron and neutron interferometers and their applications; high precision measurements with atom interferometry and their application to tests of fundamental physics, gravitation, inertial measurements and geophysics; measurement of fundamental constants; interferometry with quantum degenerate gases; matter wave interferometry beyond classical limits; large area interferometers; atom interferometry on chips; and interferometry with molecules. The book will be a valuable source of reference for students, newcomers and experts in the field of atom interferometry.
Author : Masahito Ueda
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9812839593
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (128 download)
Download or read book Fundamentals and New Frontiers of Bose-Einstein Condensation written by Masahito Ueda and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2010 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the fundamentals of and new developments in gaseous Bosendash;Einstein condensation. It begins with a review of fundamental concepts and theorems, and introduces basic theories describing Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC). It then discusses some recent topics such as fast-rotating BEC, spinor and dipolar BEC, low-dimensional BEC, balanced and imbalanced fermionic superfluidity including BCS-BEC crossover and unitary gas, and p-wave superfluidity.
Author : Panayotis G. Kevrekidis
Publisher : SIAM
ISBN 13 : 1611973937
Total Pages : 437 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (119 download)
Download or read book The Defocusing Nonlinear Schr?dinger Equation written by Panayotis G. Kevrekidis and published by SIAM. This book was released on 2015-08-04 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bose?Einstein condensation is a phase transition in which a fraction of particles of a boson gas condenses into the same quantum state known as the Bose?Einstein condensate (BEC). The aim of this book is to present a wide array of findings in the realm of BECs and on the nonlinear Schr?dinger-type models that arise therein. The Defocusing Nonlinear Schr?dinger Equation is a broad study of nonlinear excitations in self-defocusing nonlinear media. It summarizes state-of-the-art knowledge on the defocusing nonlinear Schr?dinger-type models in a single volume and contains a wealth of resources, including over 800 references to relevant articles and monographs and a meticulous index for ease of navigation.
Author : Matthias Weidemüller
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527635076
Total Pages : 519 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (276 download)
Download or read book Interactions in Ultracold Gases written by Matthias Weidemüller and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-02-10 with total page 519 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Arising from a workshop, this book surveys the physics of ultracold atoms and molecules taking into consideration the latest research on ultracold phenomena, such as Bose Einstein condensation and quantum computing. Several reputed authors provide an introduction to the field, covering recent experimental results on atom and molecule cooling as well as the theoretical treatment.
Author : Francesco Tafuri
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030207269
Total Pages : 859 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (32 download)
Download or read book Fundamentals and Frontiers of the Josephson Effect written by Francesco Tafuri and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 859 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date description of the Josephson effect, a topic of never-ending interest in both fundamental and applied physics. In this volume, world-renowned experts present the unique aspects of the physics of the Josephson effect, resulting from the use of new materials, of hybrid architectures and from the possibility of realizing nanoscale junctions. These new experimental capabilities lead to systems where novel coherent phenomena and transport processes emerge. All this is of great relevance and impact, especially when combined with the didactic approach of the book. The reader will benefit from a general and modern view of coherent phenomena in weakly-coupled superconductors on a macroscopic scale. Topics that have been only recently discussed in specialized papers and in short reviews are described here for the first time and organized in a general framework. An important section of the book is also devoted to applications, with focus on long-term, future applications. In addition to a significant number of illustrations, the book includes numerous tables for comparative studies on technical aspects.
Author : Tim Langen
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319185640
Total Pages : 154 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (191 download)
Download or read book Non-equilibrium Dynamics of One-Dimensional Bose Gases written by Tim Langen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-05-22 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work presents a series of experiments with ultracold one-dimensional Bose gases, which establish said gases as an ideal model system for exploring a wide range of non-equilibrium phenomena. With the help of newly developed tools, like full distributions functions and phase correlation functions, the book reveals the emergence of thermal-like transient states, the light-cone-like emergence of thermal correlations and the observation of generalized thermodynamic ensembles. This points to a natural emergence of classical statistical properties from the microscopic unitary quantum evolution, and lays the groundwork for a universal framework of non-equilibrium physics. The thesis investigates a central question that is highly contested in quantum physics: how and to which extent does an isolated quantum many-body system relax? This question arises in many diverse areas of physics, and many of the open problems appear at vastly different energy, time and length scales, ranging from high-energy physics and cosmology to condensed matter and quantum information. A key challenge in attempting to answer this question is the scarcity of quantum many-body systems that are both well isolated from the environment and accessible for experimental study.
Author : Sanjaya Lohani
Publisher : LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9783659273797
Total Pages : 88 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (737 download)
Download or read book Weakly Coupled Bose-Einstein Condensates in Three Dimensions written by Sanjaya Lohani and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the present work the ground state energy of two weakly coupled Bose Einstein condensates separated by double well potential is estimated in three dimensions. By solving three dimensional time independent Gross Pitaevskii equation wave function, density, kinetic energy, potential energy, self energy and total energy of the Bose-Einstein condensates in double well potential have been studied. All these various quantities are also numerically calculated by using Thomas-Fermi Approximation (TFA). It is found that at small number of condensate atoms (N) in the trap, the results obtained from these two methods are quite different but when number of condensate atoms in the trap goes on increasing, the values calculated by using TFA is closer and closer to that obtained from the numerical calculation method. When the value of N is increased, tunneling current in TFA begins to appear and coherent splitting of matter waves starts to be affected. Hence for sufficiently larger value of N, there is "Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking." Further we have numerically calculated the first excited state wave function, density, kinetic energy, potential energy, self energy and total energy.
Author : Jakob Reichel
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527643923
Total Pages : 412 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (276 download)
Download or read book Atom Chips written by Jakob Reichel and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-08-24 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This stimulating discussion of a rapidly developing field is divided into two parts. The first features tutorials in textbook style providing self-contained introductions to the various areas relevant to atom chip research. Part II contains research reviews that provide an integrated account of the current state in an active area of research where atom chips are employed, and explore possible routes of future progress. Depending on the subject, the length of the review and the relative weight of the 'review' and 'outlook' parts vary, since the authors include their own personal view and style in their accounts.
Author : Società italiana di fisica
Publisher : IOS Press
ISBN 13 : 1614992258
Total Pages : 664 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (149 download)
Download or read book Bose-Einstein Condensation in Atomic Gases written by Società italiana di fisica and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although first proposed by Einstein in 1924, Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) in a gas was not achieved until 1995 when, using a combination of laser cooling and trapping, and magnetic trapping and evaporation, it was first observed in rubidium and then in lithium and sodium, cooled down to extremely low temperatures. This book brought together many leaders in both theory and experiment on Bose-Einstein condensation in gases. Their lectures provided a detailed coverage of the experimental techniques for the creation and study of BEC, as well as the theoretical foundation for understanding the properties of this novel system. This volume provides the first systematic review of the field and the many developments that have taken place in the past three years.
Author : Eleni Sakellari
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (591 download)
Download or read book Theoretical Studies of Dilute Bose-Einstein Condensates in a Double-well Potential written by Eleni Sakellari and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Bryan J. Dalton
Publisher : International Monographs on Ph
ISBN 13 : 0199562741
Total Pages : 433 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (995 download)
Download or read book Phase Space Methods for Degenerate Quantum Gases written by Bryan J. Dalton and published by International Monographs on Ph. This book was released on 2015 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent experimental progress has enabled cold atomic gases to be studied at nano-kelvin temperatures, creating new states of matter where quantum degeneracy occurs - Bose-Einstein condensates and degenerate Fermi gases. Such quantum states are of macroscopic dimensions. This book presents the phase space theory approach for treating the physics of degenerate quantum gases, an approach already widely used in quantum optics. However, degenerate quantum gases involve massive bosonic and fermionic atoms, not massless photons. The book begins with a review of Fock states for systems of identical atoms, where large numbers of atoms occupy the various single particle states or modes. First, separate modes are considered, and here the quantum density operator is represented by a phase space distribution function of phase space variables which replace mode annihilation, creation operators, the dynamical equation for the density operator determines a Fokker-Planck equation for the distribution function, and measurable quantities such as quantum correlation functions are given as phase space integrals. Finally, the phase space variables are replaced by time dependent stochastic variables satisfying Langevin stochastic equations obtained from the Fokker-Planck equation, with stochastic averages giving the measurable quantities. Second, a quantum field approach is treated, the density operator being represented by a distribution functional of field functions which replace field annihilation, creation operators, the distribution functional satisfying a functional FPE, etc. A novel feature of this book is that the phase space variables for fermions are Grassmann variables, not c-numbers. However, we show that Grassmann distribution functions and functionals still provide equations for obtaining both analytic and numerical solutions. The book includes the necessary mathematics for Grassmann calculus and functional calculus, and detailed derivations of key results are provided.
