Black Athena Writes Back

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Author :
Publisher : Duke University Press
ISBN 13 : 0822380072
Total Pages : 577 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (223 download)

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Book Synopsis Black Athena Writes Back by : Martin Bernal

Download or read book Black Athena Writes Back written by Martin Bernal and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2001-09-20 with total page 577 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Black Athena Writes Back Martin Bernal responds to the passionate debates set off by the 1987 publication of his book Black Athena. Producing a shock wave of reaction from scholars, Black Athena argued that the development of Greek civilization was heavily influenced by Afroasiatic civilizations. Moreover, Bernal asserted that this knowledge had been deliberately obscured by the rampant racism of nineteenth-century Europeans who could not abide the notion that Greek society—for centuries recognized as the originating culture of Europe—had its origins in Africa and Southwest Asia. The subsequent rancor among classicists over Bernal’s theory and accusations was picked up in the popular media, and his suggestion that Greek culture had its origin in Africa was widely derided. In a report on 60 Minutes, for example, it was suggested that Bernal’s hypothesis was essentially an attempt to provide blacks with self-esteem so that they would feel included in the march of progress. In Black Athena Writes Back Bernal provides additional documentation to back up his thesis, as well as offering persuasive explanations of why traditional scholarship on the subject remains inaccurate and why specific arguments lobbed against his theories are themselves faulty. Black Athena Writes Back requires no prior familiarity with either the Black Athena hypothesis or with the arguments advanced against it. It will be essential reading for those who have been following this long-running debate, as well as for those just discovering this fascinating subject.

Black Athena Revisited

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Author :
Publisher : UNC Press Books
ISBN 13 : 1469620324
Total Pages : 545 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (696 download)

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Book Synopsis Black Athena Revisited by : Mary R. Lefkowitz

Download or read book Black Athena Revisited written by Mary R. Lefkowitz and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2014-03-24 with total page 545 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Was Western civilization founded by ancient Egyptians and Phoenicians? Can the ancient Egyptians usefully be called black? Did the ancient Greeks borrow religion, science, and philosophy from the Egyptians and Phoenicians? Have scholars ignored the Afroasiatic roots of Western civilization as a result of racism and anti-Semitism? In this collection of twenty essays, leading scholars in a broad range of disciplines confront the claims made by Martin Bernal in Black Athena: The Afroasiatic Roots of Classical Civilization. In that work, Bernal proposed a radical reinterpretation of the roots of classical civilization, contending that ancient Greek culture derived from Egypt and Phoenicia and that European scholars have been biased against the notion of Egyptian and Phoenician influence on Western civilization. The contributors to this volume argue that Bernal's claims are exaggerated and in many cases unjustified. Topics covered include race and physical anthropology; the question of an Egyptian invasion of Greece; the origins of Greek language, philosophy, and science; and racism and anti-Semitism in classical scholarship. In the conclusion to the volume, the editors propose an entirely new scholarly framework for understanding the relationship between the cultures of the ancient Near East and Greece and the origins of Western civilization. The contributors are: John Baines, professor of Egyptology, University of Oxford Kathryn A. Bard, assistant professor of archaeology, Boston University C. Loring Brace, professor of anthropology and curator of biological anthropology in the Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan John E. Coleman, professor of classics, Cornell University Edith Hall, lecturer in classics, University of Reading, England Jay H. Jasanoff, Jacob Gould Schurman Professor of Linguistics, Cornell University Richard Jenkyns, fellow and tutor, Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford, and university lecturer in classics, University of Oxford Mary R. Lefkowitz, Andrew W. Mellon Professor in the Humanities, Wellesley College Mario Liverani, professor of ancient near eastern history, Universita di Roma, 'La Sapienza' Sarah P. Morris, professor of classics, University of California at Los Angeles Robert E. Norton, associate professor of German, Vassar College Alan Nussbaum, associate professor of classics, Cornell University David O'Connor, professor of Egyptology and curator in charge of the Egyptian section of the University Museum, University of Pennsylvania Robert Palter, Dana Professor Emeritus of the History of Science, Trinity College, Connecticut Guy MacLean Rogers, associate professor of Greek and Latin and history, Wellesley College Frank M. Snowden, Jr., professor of classics emeritus, Howard University Lawrence A. Tritle, associate professor of history, Loyola Marymount University Emily T. Vermeule, Samuel E. Zemurray, Jr., and Doris Zemurray Stone-Radcliffe Professor Emerita, Harvard University Frank J. Yurco, Egyptologist, Field Museum of Natural History and the University of Chicago

Not Out Of Africa

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 0786723971
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (867 download)

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Book Synopsis Not Out Of Africa by : Mary Lefkowitz

Download or read book Not Out Of Africa written by Mary Lefkowitz and published by . This book was released on 2008-08-04 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Not Out of Africa has sparked widespread debate over the teaching of revisionist history in schools and colleges. Was Socrates black? Did Aristotle steal his ideas from the library in Alexandria? Do we owe the underlying tenets of our democratic civilizaiton to the Africans? Mary Lefkowitz explains why politically motivated histories of the ancient world are being written and shows how Afrocentrist claims blatantly contradict the historical evidence. Not Out of Africa is an important book that protects and argues for the necessity of historical truths and standards in cultural education.For this new paperback edition, Mary Lefkowitz has written an epilogue in which she responds to her critics and offers topics for further discussion. She has also added supplementary notes, a bibliography with suggestions for further reading, and a glossary of names.

Black Athena

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Publisher : Rutgers University Press
ISBN 13 : 1978807171
Total Pages : 938 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (788 download)

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Book Synopsis Black Athena by : Martin Bernal

Download or read book Black Athena written by Martin Bernal and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 2020-02-14 with total page 938 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner of the 1990 American Book Award What is classical about Classical civilization? In one of the most audacious works of scholarship ever written, Martin Bernal challenges the foundation of our thinking about this question. Classical civilization, he argues, has deep roots in Afroasiatic cultures. But these Afroasiatic influences have been systematically ignored, denied or suppressed since the eighteenth century—chiefly for racist reasons. The popular view is that Greek civilization was the result of the conquest of a sophisticated but weak native population by vigorous Indo-European speakers—Aryans—from the North. But the Classical Greeks, Bernal argues, knew nothing of this “Aryan model.” They did not see their institutions as original, but as derived from the East and from Egypt in particular. In an unprecedented tour de force, Bernal links a wide range of areas and disciplines—drama, poetry, myth, theological controversy, esoteric religion, philosophy, biography, language, historical narrative, and the emergence of “modern scholarship.” This volume is the second in a three-part series concerned with the competition between two historical models for the origins of Greek civilization. Volume II is concerned with the archaeological and documentary evidence for contacts between Egypt and the Levant on the one hand, and the Aegean on the other, during the Bronze Age from c. 34000 BC to c. 1100 BC. These approaches are supplemented by information from later Greek myths, legends, religious cults, and language. The author concludes that contact between the two regions was far more extensive and influential than is generally believed. In the introduction to this volume, Bernal also responds to some reviews and criticism of Volume I of Black Athena.

Daidalos and the Origins of Greek Art

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Author :
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691241945
Total Pages : 485 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (912 download)

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Book Synopsis Daidalos and the Origins of Greek Art by : Sarah P. Morris

Download or read book Daidalos and the Origins of Greek Art written by Sarah P. Morris and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2022-02-08 with total page 485 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a major revisionary approach to ancient Greek culture, Sarah Morris invokes as a paradigm the myths surrounding Daidalos to describe the profound influence of the Near East on Greece's artistic and literary origins.

Black Athena

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Publisher : Rutgers University Press
ISBN 13 : 1978807139
Total Pages : 668 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (788 download)

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Book Synopsis Black Athena by : Martin Bernal

Download or read book Black Athena written by Martin Bernal and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 2020-02-14 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner of the 1990 American Book Award What is classical about Classical civilization? In one of the most audacious works of scholarship ever written, Martin Bernal challenges the foundation of our thinking about this question. Classical civilization, he argues, has deep roots in Afroasiatic cultures. But these Afroasiatic influences have been systematically ignored, denied or suppressed since the eighteenth century—chiefly for racist reasons. The popular view is that Greek civilization was the result of the conquest of a sophisticated but weak native population by vigorous Indo-European speakers—Aryans—from the North. But the Classical Greeks, Bernal argues, knew nothing of this “Aryan model.” They did not see their institutions as original, but as derived from the East and from Egypt in particular. In an unprecedented tour de force, Bernal links a wide range of areas and disciplines—drama, poetry, myth, theological controversy, esoteric religion, philosophy, biography, language, historical narrative, and the emergence of “modern scholarship.”

Black Athena

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 575 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (649 download)

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Book Synopsis Black Athena by : Martin Bernal

Download or read book Black Athena written by Martin Bernal and published by . This book was released on 19?? with total page 575 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Cadmean Letters

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Publisher : Eisenbrauns
ISBN 13 : 9780931464478
Total Pages : 182 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (644 download)

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Book Synopsis Cadmean Letters by : Martin Bernal

Download or read book Cadmean Letters written by Martin Bernal and published by Eisenbrauns. This book was released on 1990 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Western civilization has long sought its cultural roots in the classical civilizations of the Aegean. During the twentieth century, however, it has been made increasingly clear that it owes a great debt to the civilizations of the Fertile Crescent. In the thick of the debate as to how much classical civilizations were influenced by the Levant has been the question of the date of the transmission of the alphabet. In this monograph, Bernal takes up the question anew and marshals persuasive arguments that the date of transmission of the alphabet should be moved considerably earlier than generally has been thought, to the middle of the second millennium B.C. Growing out of his work on Black Athena, the intricate matters of alphabetic history and transmission are dealt with, both in terms of the history of the investigation of the topic and also with regard to the specific working out of his own new proposal.

Geography of a Life

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Publisher : Xlibris Corporation
ISBN 13 : 1465363742
Total Pages : 490 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (653 download)

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Book Synopsis Geography of a Life by : Martin Bernal

Download or read book Geography of a Life written by Martin Bernal and published by Xlibris Corporation. This book was released on 2012 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An Astonishing work, breathtakingly bold in conception and passionately written . . . salutary, exciting and in its historiographical aspects convincing.' (G. W Bowersock, Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton.) Demands to be taken seriously . . . Every page that Bernal writes is educating and enthralling. To agree with all his theses may be a sign of naivety, but not to have spent time in his company is a sign of nothing at all.' (Ray, Herbert Thompson Reader in Egyptology, University of Cambridge.) Anticipation of Geography of a Life' Martin Bernal himself has avowed that Black Athena owes its conception to a mid-life crisis. Now that he has overcome this set-back with obvious success, one hopes he will live long enough to follow the example set by his mother Margaret Gardiner and his grandfather Sir Alan (Gardiner), who both wrote their memoirs in their eighties. I have no doubt that Bernal's autobiography will generate more interest among educated lay persons and less irritation among scholars than any future volume of Black Athena.' (Arno Egberts, Professor of Egyptology, University of Leiden.)

African Athena

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199595003
Total Pages : 484 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (995 download)

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Book Synopsis African Athena by : Daniel Orrells

Download or read book African Athena written by Daniel Orrells and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-10-27 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: African Athena examines the history of intellectuals and literary writers who contested the white, dominant Euro-American constructions of the classical past and its influence on the present.

Blacks in Antiquity

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Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780674076266
Total Pages : 396 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (762 download)

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Book Synopsis Blacks in Antiquity by : Frank M. Snowden

Download or read book Blacks in Antiquity written by Frank M. Snowden and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1970 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Investigates the participation of black Africans, usually referred to as "Ethiopians," by the Greek and Romans, in classical civilization, concluding that they were accepted by pagans and Christians without prejudice.

Egypt and the Limits of Hellenism

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139496557
Total Pages : 359 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Egypt and the Limits of Hellenism by : Ian S. Moyer

Download or read book Egypt and the Limits of Hellenism written by Ian S. Moyer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-07-07 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a series of studies, Ian Moyer explores the ancient history and modern historiography of relations between Egypt and Greece from the fifth century BCE to the early Roman empire. Beginning with Herodotus, he analyzes key encounters between Greeks and Egyptian priests, the bearers of Egypt's ancient traditions. Four moments unfold as rich micro-histories of cross-cultural interaction: Herodotus' interviews with priests at Thebes; Manetho's composition of an Egyptian history in Greek; the struggles of Egyptian priests on Delos; and a Greek physician's quest for magic in Egypt. In writing these histories, the author moves beyond Orientalizing representations of the Other and colonial metanarratives of the civilizing process to reveal interactions between Greeks and Egyptians as transactional processes in which the traditions, discourses and pragmatic interests of both sides shaped the outcome. The result is a dialogical history of cultural and intellectual exchanges between the great civilizations of Greece and Egypt.

From the Barrel of a Gun

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Author :
Publisher : UNC Press Books
ISBN 13 : 1469625598
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (696 download)

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Book Synopsis From the Barrel of a Gun by : Gerald Horne

Download or read book From the Barrel of a Gun written by Gerald Horne and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2015-12-01 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In November 1965, Ian Smith's white minority government in Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) made a unilateral declaration of independence, breaking with Great Britain. With a European population of a few hundred thousand dominating an African majority of several million, Rhodesia's racial structure echoed the apartheid of neighboring South Africa. Smith's declaration sparked an escalating guerrilla war that claimed thousands of lives. Across the Atlantic, President Lyndon B. Johnson nervously watched events in Rhodesia, fearing that racial conflict abroad could inflame racial discord at home. Although Washington officially voiced concerns over human rights violations, an attitude of tolerance generally marked U.S. relations with the Rhodesian government: sanctions were imposed but not strictly enforced, and hundreds, perhaps thousands, of American mercenaries joined white Rhodesia's side in battle with little to fear from U.S. laws. Despite such tacit U.S. support, Smith's regime fell in 1980, and the independent state of Zimbabwe was born. The first comprehensive account of American involvement in the war against Zimbabwe, this compelling work also explores how our relationship with Rhodesia helped define interracial dynamics in the United States, and vice versa.

Heresy in the University

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Publisher : Rutgers University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780813525884
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (258 download)

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Book Synopsis Heresy in the University by : Jacques Berlinerblau

Download or read book Heresy in the University written by Jacques Berlinerblau and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Berlinerblau (Judaic studies, Hofstra U.) explores the reactions--widely divergent but mostly intense--to Martin Bernal's 1987 publication of the first volume of Black Athena: The Afroasiatic Roots of Classical Civilization. In light of classicist reacting to an outsider's intrusion into their field and Afrocentrist accusation of stealing the material from black scholars, he considers the question of intellectual responsibility during an age of cultural warfare. He also elucidates the contents of the book itself. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Progressive Black Masculinities

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0415976863
Total Pages : 315 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (159 download)

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Book Synopsis Progressive Black Masculinities by : Athena D. Mutua

Download or read book Progressive Black Masculinities written by Athena D. Mutua and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2006 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Progressive Black Masculinities brings together leading black cultural critics including Michael Eric Dyson, Mark Anthony Neal, and Patricia Hill Collins to examine an alternatively demonized and mythologized black masculinity.

Greece and Mesopotamia

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107010764
Total Pages : 235 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Greece and Mesopotamia by : Johannes Haubold

Download or read book Greece and Mesopotamia written by Johannes Haubold and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-06-27 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book proposes a new approach to the study of ancient Greek and Mesopotamian literature. Ranging from Homer and Gilgamesh to Herodotus and the Babylonian-Greek author Berossos, it paints a picture of two literary cultures that, over the course of time, became profoundly entwined. Along the way, the book addresses many questions that are of interest to the student of the ancient world: how did the literature of Greece relate to that of its eastern neighbours? What did ancient readers from different cultures think it meant to be human? Who invented the writing of universal history as we know it? How did the Greeks come to divide the world into Greeks and 'barbarians', and what happened when they came to live alongside those 'barbarians' after the conquests of Alexander the Great? In addressing these questions, the book draws on cutting-edge research in comparative literature, postcolonial studies and archive theory.

The Orientalizing Revolution

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Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780674643642
Total Pages : 242 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (436 download)

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Book Synopsis The Orientalizing Revolution by : Walter Burkert

Download or read book The Orientalizing Revolution written by Walter Burkert and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1992 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ancient Greek culture is often described as a miracle, owing little to its neighbors. Walter Burkert argues against a distorted view, toward a more balanced picture. "Under the influence of the Semitic East--from writers, craftsmen, merchants, healers--Greek culture began its unique flowering, soon to assume cultural hegemony in the Mediterranean."