Biplanes And Bombsights

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Biplanes and Bombsights: British Bombing in World War I

Author : George K. Williams
Publisher : Pickle Partners Publishing
ISBN 13 : 178625025X
Total Pages : 492 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (862 download)

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Book Synopsis Biplanes and Bombsights: British Bombing in World War I by : George K. Williams

Download or read book Biplanes and Bombsights: British Bombing in World War I written by George K. Williams and published by Pickle Partners Publishing. This book was released on 2015-11-06 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study measures wartime claims against actual results of the British bombing campaign against Germany in the Great War. Components of the Royal Naval Air Service (RNAS), the Royal Flying Corps (RFC), and the Royal Air Force (RAF) conducted bombing raids between July 1916 and the Armistice. Specifically, Number 3 Wing (RNAS), 41 Wing of Eighth Brigade (RFC), and the Independent Force (IF) bombed German targets from bases in France. Lessons supposedly gleaned from these campaigns heavily influenced British military aviation, underpinning RAF doctrine up to and into the Second World War. Fundamental discrepancies exist, however, between the official verdict and the first-hand evidence of bombing results gathered by intelligence teams of the RAF and the US Air Service. Results of the British bombing efforts were demonstrably more modest, and costs in casualties and wastage far steeper, than previously acknowledged. A preoccupation with “moral effect” came to dominate the British view of their aerial offensives. Maj Gen Hugh M. Trenchard played a pivotal role in bringing this misperception to the forefront of public consciousness. After the Armistice, the potential of strategic bombing was officially extolled to justify the RAF as an independent service. The Air Ministry’s final report must be evaluated as a partisan manifestation of this crusade and not as a definitive final assessment, as it has been mistakenly accepted previously. This study develops and substantiates a comprehensive evaluation of British long-range bombing in the First World War. Its findings run directly counter to the generally held opinion. Natural limitations, technical shortfalls, and aircrews lacking proficiency acted in concert with German defenses to produce far less results than those claimed.

Biplanes and Bombsights

Author : George G. Williams
Publisher : www.Militarybookshop.CompanyUK
ISBN 13 : 9781780392752
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (927 download)

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Book Synopsis Biplanes and Bombsights by : George G. Williams

Download or read book Biplanes and Bombsights written by George G. Williams and published by www.Militarybookshop.CompanyUK. This book was released on 2011-03-01 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1999. Colonel Williams presents a comprehensive study of British bombing efforts in the Great War. He contends that the official version of costs and results underplays the costs while overplaying the results. Supported by postwar findings of both US and British evaluation teams, he argues that British bombing efforts were significantly less effective than heretofore believed. Colonel Williams also presents a strong argument that German air defenses caused considerably less damage to British forces than pilot error, malfunctioning aircraft, and bad weather. That we believed otherwise supports the notion that British bombing raids had forced Germany to transfer significant air assets to defend against them. Williams, however, found no evidence that any such transfer occurred. Actual results, Colonel Williams argues, stand in strong contrast to claimed results.

Biplanes and Bombsights: British Bombing in World War I - Stories about the Sopwith Strutter, Zeppelin, Dehavilland, Handley Page, General Hugh Trenchard, and Lord Rothermere

Download Biplanes and Bombsights: British Bombing in World War I - Stories about the Sopwith Strutter, Zeppelin, Dehavilland, Handley Page, General Hugh Trenchard, and Lord Rothermere PDF Online Free

Author : Air University Press
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781549870941
Total Pages : 233 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (79 download)

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Book Synopsis Biplanes and Bombsights: British Bombing in World War I - Stories about the Sopwith Strutter, Zeppelin, Dehavilland, Handley Page, General Hugh Trenchard, and Lord Rothermere by : Air University Press

Download or read book Biplanes and Bombsights: British Bombing in World War I - Stories about the Sopwith Strutter, Zeppelin, Dehavilland, Handley Page, General Hugh Trenchard, and Lord Rothermere written by Air University Press and published by . This book was released on 2017-10 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study develops and substantiates a comprehensive evaluation of British long-range bombing in the First World War. Its findings run directly counter to the generally held opinion. Natural limitations, technical shortfalls, and aircrews lacking proficiency acted in concert with German defenses to produce far less results than those claimed.In broad brush, this study balances wartime claims against actual results as determined after hostilities. It also documents the cost, in men and equipment, of the bombing offensive waged by 3 Wing, Royal Naval Air Service, and components of the Royal Flying Corps and the Royal Air Force--specifically 41 Wing, Eighth Brigade, and Independent Force, between July 1916 and the Armistice. The study's organization was based on the organizational scheme of Sir Charles Webster and Noble Frankland in their four-volume history of Bomber Command in World War II, The Strategic Air Offensive Against Germany. Maj Gen Hugh M. Trenchard's Independent Force, the major strategic force to undertake significant and protracted bombing operations in the Great War, levered into place the cornerstone of the postwar Royal Air Force and shaped its doctrine during the interwar years. It also conditioned domestic expectations concerning the offensive potential of aerial campaigns in any future conflict. The lessons supposedly gleaned from the Great War heavily influenced the progress of British military aviation during the 1920s and 1930s, underpinning RAF doctrines, expectations, and policies up to the initial phases of the Second World War. The subject thus deserves careful study in its own right. Fundamental discrepancies between the materials and conclusions reported in the January 1920 Air Ministry's classified evaluation of the Great War's long-range bombing offensive on the one hand, and those contained in seven volumes of evidence gathered firsthand by RAF intelligence officers who surveyed German-occupied territory immediately after the Armistice on the other, prompted an initial interest in this aspect of military history. Data from seldom-consulted records of the bombing study conducted independently by the United States Air Service complicated these differences. Subsequent examinations of RAF, Air Ministry, and other official archives brought even more contradictions to light.Contents * FOREWORD * INTRODUCTION * Chapter 1 * NO. 3 WING ROYAL NAVAL AIR SERVICE (JULY 1916-MAY 1917) * Notes * Chapter 2 * BRITISH BOMBING BEGINS * Notes * Chapter 3 * 41ST WING ROYAL FLYING CORPS (JUNE 1917-JANUARY 1918) * Notes * Chapter 4 * EIGHTH BRIGADE AND INDEPENDENT FORCE (FEBRUARY-NOVEMBER 1918) * Notes * Chapter 5 * EIGHTH BRIGADE AND INDEPENDENT FORCE OPERATIONS * Notes * Chapter 6 * POSTWAR ASSESSMENTS

Taking Flight

Author : Richard P. Hallion
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190289597
Total Pages : 655 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Taking Flight by : Richard P. Hallion

Download or read book Taking Flight written by Richard P. Hallion and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2003-05-08 with total page 655 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The invention of flight represents the culmination of centuries of thought and desire. Kites and rockets sparked our collective imagination. Then the balloon gave humanity its first experience aloft, though at the mercy of the winds. The steerable airship that followed had more practicality, yet a number of insurmountable limitations. But the airplane truly launched the Aerial Age, and its subsequent impact--from the vantage of a century after the Wright Brother's historic flight on December 17, 1903--has been extraordinary. Richard Hallion, a distinguished international authority on aviation, offers a bold new examination of aircraft history, stressing its global roots. The result is an interpretive history of uncommon sweep, complexity, and warmth. Taking care to place each technological advance in the context of its own period as well as that of the evolving era of air travel, this ground-breaking work follows the pre-history of flight, the work of balloon and airship advocates, fruitless early attempts to invent the airplane, the Wright brothers and other pioneers, the impact of air power on the outcome of World War I, and finally the transfer of prophecy into practice as flight came to play an ever-more important role in world affairs, both military and civil. Making extensive use of extracts from the journals, diaries, and memoirs of the pioneers themselves, and interspersing them with a wide range or rare photographs and drawings, Taking Flight leads readers to the laboratories and airfields where aircraft were conceived and tested. Forcefully yet gracefully written in rich detail and with thorough documentation, this book is certain to be the standard reference for years to come on how humanity came to take to the sky, and what the Aerial Age has meant to the world since da Vinci's first fantastical designs.

Strategic Bombing by the United States in World War II

Author : Stewart Halsey Ross
Publisher : McFarland
ISBN 13 : 1476616116
Total Pages : 255 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (766 download)

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Book Synopsis Strategic Bombing by the United States in World War II by : Stewart Halsey Ross

Download or read book Strategic Bombing by the United States in World War II written by Stewart Halsey Ross and published by McFarland. This book was released on 2015-10-03 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States relied heavily on bombing to defeat the Germans and the Japanese in World War II, and air raids were touted as "precision" bombing in American propaganda. But was precision possible over cloud-covered Europe or a darkened Japanese countryside? Could the vaunted Norden optical bombsight in fact "drop bombs into pickle barrels" as advertised? Were the American aircrews well trained and well protected? How good were their airplanes? What were the results of the costly raids? This work sets suppositions against facts surrounding the United States' use of strategic bombing in World War II. Chapters cover the events leading up to World War II; the start of the war; the seers and the planners; the airplanes, bombs, bombsights, and aircrews; the planes Germany used to defend itself against American planes; the five cities (Hamburg, Dresden, Tokyo, Hiroshima, and Nagasaki) that experienced the most destruction; and the U.S. Strategic Bombing Survey of the damage done by aerial bombing. The book also probes the government's myth-building statements that supported America's view of itself as a uniquely humanitarian nation, and analyzes the role played by interservice rivalry--"battleship admirals" against "bomber generals."

The Legendary Norden Bombsight

Author : Albert L. Pardini
Publisher : Schiffer Military History
ISBN 13 : 9780764307232
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (72 download)

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Book Synopsis The Legendary Norden Bombsight by : Albert L. Pardini

Download or read book The Legendary Norden Bombsight written by Albert L. Pardini and published by Schiffer Military History. This book was released on 1999 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A detailed volume covering the famous Norden Bombsight (NBS) which was one of the most secret weapons used before and during World War II by the United States in its bomber aircraft. The NBS was again called to duty in 1967-67 during the Vietnam War.

The Royal Flying Corps, the Western Front and the Control of the Air, 1914–1918

Author : James Pugh
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317016890
Total Pages : 222 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis The Royal Flying Corps, the Western Front and the Control of the Air, 1914–1918 by : James Pugh

Download or read book The Royal Flying Corps, the Western Front and the Control of the Air, 1914–1918 written by James Pugh and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-05-12 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By the middle of 1918 the British Army had successfully mastered the concept of ’all arms’ warfare on the Western Front. This doctrine, integrating infantry, artillery, armoured vehicles and - crucially - air power, was to prove highly effective and formed the basis of major military operations for the next hundred years. Yet, whilst much has been written on the utilisation of ground forces, the air element still tends to be studied in isolation from the army as a whole. In order to move beyond the usual 'aircraft and aces' approach, this book explores the conceptual origins of the control of the air and the role of the Royal Flying Corps (RFC) within the British army. In so doing it addresses four key themes. First, it explores and defines the most fundamental air power concept - the control of the air - by examining its conceptual origins before and during the First World War. Second, it moves beyond the popular history of air power during the First World War to reveal the complexity of the topic. Third, it reintegrates the study of air power during the First World War, specifically that of the RFC, into the strategic, operational, organisational, and intellectual contexts of the era, as well as embedding the study within the respective scholarly literatures of these contexts. Fourth, the book reinvigorates an entrenched historiography by challenging the usually critical interpretation of the RFC’s approach to the control of the air, providing new perspectives on air power during the First World War. This includes an exploration of the creation of the RAF and its impact on the development of air power concepts.

Targeting the Third Reich

Author : Robert S. Ehlers, Jr.
Publisher : University Press of Kansas
ISBN 13 : 070062144X
Total Pages : 440 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (6 download)

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Book Synopsis Targeting the Third Reich by : Robert S. Ehlers, Jr.

Download or read book Targeting the Third Reich written by Robert S. Ehlers, Jr. and published by University Press of Kansas. This book was released on 2015-04-15 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When large formations of Allied four-engine bombers finally flew over Europe, it marked the beginning of the end for the Third Reich. Their relentless hammering of Germany-totaling more than 1.4 million missions-took out oil refineries, industries, and transportation infrastructures vital to the Reich's war effort. While other accounts have focused on operational details, this is the first book to reveal the crucial role of air intelligence in these dramatic campaigns. Robert Ehlers reexamines these bombings through the lens of both air intelligence and operations, a dual approach that shows how the former was so vital to the latter's success. Air intelligence was essential to both targeting and damage assessment, and by demonstrating its contributions to the Combined Bomber Offensive of 1943-1945, Ehlers provides a wealth of new insight into the war. Ehlers describes the close ties that developed between the Royal Air Force's "precision intelligence" arm and the U.S. Army Air Force's "precision bombardment" forces, telling how the RAF's photographic reconnaissance and signals intelligence steered both British and American bombers to the right targets at the right intervals with the right munitions. He shows that the greatest strength of this partnership was its ability to orchestrate all aspects of damage assessment within an effective organizational structure, so that by 1944 senior air commanders-like the RAF's Arthur "Bomber" Harris and the AAF's Carl "Tooey" Spaatz-could gauge the accuracy of bombing with a high degree of precision, analyze its effects on the German war effort, and determine its effectiveness in helping the Allies achieve strategic objectives. Ehlers focuses on three key offensives in 1944-against French and Belgian rail supply lines delivering German troops and supplies to Normandy, against German oil refineries, and against railroads and waterways inside the Reich-that had a disastrous effect on the Nazi war effort. In the process, he underscores the degree to which bombers constituted part of a highly effective combined-arms force, giving Allied armies crucial advantages on the battlefield. Drawing on a huge collection of bomb-damage assessment photographs and a wealth of other archival sources, he shows that the success of these and other efforts can be traced directly to the success of air intelligence. Providing a deeper and more accurate understanding of the bomber campaigns' role in the Allied victory, Ehlers's study testifies to the strategic importance of these efforts in that war and provides a tool for understanding the importance of intelligence operations in future conflicts.

Bombing the People

Author : Thomas Hippler
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107292638
Total Pages : 293 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (72 download)

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Book Synopsis Bombing the People by : Thomas Hippler

Download or read book Bombing the People written by Thomas Hippler and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-08-29 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Giulio Douhet is generally considered the world's most important air-power theorist and this book offers the first comprehensive account of his air-power concepts. It ranges from 1884 when an air service was first implemented within the Italian military to the outbreak of the Second World War, and explores the evolution and dissemination of Douhet's ideas in an international context. It examines the impact of the Libyan war, the First World War and Ethiopian war on the development of Italian air-power strategy. It also addresses the issue of Douhet's advocacy of strategic bombing, exploring why it was that Douhet became an advocate of city bombing; the meaning and the limits of his core concept of 'command of the air'; and the mutual impact of air power, military and naval thought. It also takes into account alternatives to Douhetism such as the theories developed by Amedeo Mecozzi and others.

The American Way of Bombing

Author : Matthew Evangelista
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 0801454565
Total Pages : 327 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis The American Way of Bombing by : Matthew Evangelista

Download or read book The American Way of Bombing written by Matthew Evangelista and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2014-08-21 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aerial bombardment remains important to military strategy, but the norms governing bombing and the harm it imposes on civilians have evolved. The past century has seen everything from deliberate attacks against rebellious villagers by Italian and British colonial forces in the Middle East to scrupulous efforts to avoid "collateral damage" in the counterinsurgency and antiterrorist wars of today. The American Way of Bombing brings together prominent military historians, practitioners, civilian and military legal experts, political scientists, philosophers, and anthropologists to explore the evolution of ethical and legal norms governing air warfare. Focusing primarily on the United States—as the world’s preeminent military power and the one most frequently engaged in air warfare, its practice has influenced normative change in this domain, and will continue to do so—the authors address such topics as firebombing of cities during World War II; the atomic attacks on Hiroshima and Nagasaki; the deployment of airpower in Iraq, Afghanistan, and Libya; and the use of unmanned drones for surveillance and attacks on suspected terrorists in Pakistan, Yemen, Sudan, Somalia, and elsewhere.

Bombing Accuracy

Author : United States Strategic Bombing Survey
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 66 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (334 download)

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Book Synopsis Bombing Accuracy by : United States Strategic Bombing Survey

Download or read book Bombing Accuracy written by United States Strategic Bombing Survey and published by . This book was released on 1947 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Bombers

Author : Mark Dartford
Publisher : Lerner Publications
ISBN 13 : 9780822547051
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Bombers by : Mark Dartford

Download or read book Bombers written by Mark Dartford and published by Lerner Publications. This book was released on 2003 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discusses the military use of aircraft to drop bombs and describes the development of particular kinds of bombers.

AU Press, Your Air and Space Power Publisher, 2003

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 66 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis AU Press, Your Air and Space Power Publisher, 2003 by :

Download or read book AU Press, Your Air and Space Power Publisher, 2003 written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Target Ploesti

Author : Leroy W. Newby
Publisher : Presidio Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Target Ploesti by : Leroy W. Newby

Download or read book Target Ploesti written by Leroy W. Newby and published by Presidio Press. This book was released on 1983 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Birth of British Airpower

Author : Peter John Dye
Publisher : Naval Institute Press
ISBN 13 : 1682478637
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (824 download)

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Book Synopsis The Birth of British Airpower by : Peter John Dye

Download or read book The Birth of British Airpower written by Peter John Dye and published by Naval Institute Press. This book was released on 2024-10-15 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Birth of British Airpower describes how Hugh Trenchard, a man with few leadership skills, became a much-loved and inspirational commander who laid the foundation for British airpower on the Western Front in World War I and created the preconditions for the establishment of the world’s first independent air service, the Royal Air Force. Author Peter Dye explores how friendship can overcome significant personal and character deficiencies and how, by assembling the right senior leadership team, Trenchard achieved greatness. The book also examines how the development of airpower doctrine in World War I owed as much to chance as to careful planning and how air superiority was achieved only through sustained effort, underpinned by an effective and responsive logistic system. Finally, it explains how the ethos of the postwar air force was built around these experiences and the collective effort of all those involved in the air war.

The Next War in the Air

Author : Brett Holman
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317022629
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis The Next War in the Air by : Brett Holman

Download or read book The Next War in the Air written by Brett Holman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-02-17 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the early twentieth century, the new technology of flight changed warfare irrevocably, not only on the battlefield, but also on the home front. As prophesied before 1914, Britain in the First World War was effectively no longer an island, with its cities attacked by Zeppelin airships and Gotha bombers in one of the first strategic bombing campaigns. Drawing on prewar ideas about the fragility of modern industrial civilization, some writers now began to argue that the main strategic risk to Britain was not invasion or blockade, but the possibility of a sudden and intense aerial bombardment of London and other cities, which would cause tremendous destruction and massive casualties. The nation would be shattered in a matter of days or weeks, before it could fully mobilize for war. Defeat, decline, and perhaps even extinction, would follow. This theory of the knock-out blow from the air solidified into a consensus during the 1920s and by the 1930s had largely become an orthodoxy, accepted by pacifists and militarists alike. But the devastation feared in 1938 during the Munich Crisis, when gas masks were distributed and hundreds of thousands fled London, was far in excess of the damage wrought by the Luftwaffe during the Blitz in 1940 and 1941, as terrible as that was. The knock-out blow, then, was a myth. But it was a myth with consequences. For the first time, The Next War in the Air reconstructs the concept of the knock-out blow as it was articulated in the public sphere, the reasons why it came to be so widely accepted by both experts and non-experts, and the way it shaped the responses of the British public to some of the great issues facing them in the 1930s, from pacifism to fascism. Drawing on both archival documents and fictional and non-fictional publications from the period between 1908, when aviation was first perceived as a threat to British security, and 1941, when the Blitz ended, and it became clear that no knock-out blow was coming, The Next War in the Air provides a fascinating insight into the origins and evolution of this important cultural and intellectual phenomenon, Britain's fear of the bomber.

The Wild Blue Yonder and Beyond

Author : Ian Hawkins
Publisher : Potomac Books, Inc.
ISBN 13 : 1597977128
Total Pages : 385 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (979 download)

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Book Synopsis The Wild Blue Yonder and Beyond by : Ian Hawkins

Download or read book The Wild Blue Yonder and Beyond written by Ian Hawkins and published by Potomac Books, Inc.. This book was released on 2012-07-31 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 95th Bomb Group (Heavy), the most highly decorated bomb group of World War II, participated in every major mission of the war in Europe from May 1943 through the warÆs end and was awarded an unprecedented three Presidential Unit Citations. Flying the celebrated B-17 Flying Fortress, the 95th was the first U.S. bomb group to bomb Berlinùa feat that put it on the centerfold of Life magazineùand the last group to lose a plane over Europe in World War II. Over six hundred men in the 95th never came home. The Wild Blue Yonder and Beyond is the first book to cover a World War II bomb group from its inception through the present day. Utilizing interviews with nearly a hundred air war veterans, dozens of unpublished crew memoirs, all the bomb groupÆs official mission reports from the National Archives, and nearly a hundred other sources, author Rob Morris (assisted by air war historian Ian Hawkins) provides a deep tactical and human understanding of the group. Also included are the stories of the veteransÆ wives and families, who fought a different kind of war at home, and the residents of Horham, whose tiny English village was suddenly on the warÆs front lines. Intensely human, exhaustively researched, and lovingly told, this book is certain to be a classic in the field and a resource for anyone interested in the workings of a World War II bomb group.