Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Biological Production Of Ethanol From Coal Quarterly Report March 22 1990 June 21 1990
Download Biological Production Of Ethanol From Coal Quarterly Report March 22 1990 June 21 1990 full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Biological Production Of Ethanol From Coal Quarterly Report March 22 1990 June 21 1990 ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. [Quarterly Report], March 22, 1990--June 21, 1990 by :
Download or read book Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. [Quarterly Report], March 22, 1990--June 21, 1990 written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fermentation pH has been observed to be the key parameter affecting the ratio of ethanol to acetate produced by Clostridium ljungdahlii. The effects of controlled pH on cell growth and product formation by C. ljungdahlii were measured. It was found that cell concentration and acetate concentration increased with pH, while the ethanol concentration was highest at the lower pH. The molar product ratio of ethanol to acetate was 0.74 at pH 4.0, 0.39 at pH 4.5 and 0.12 at pH 5.0. Future experiments will concentrate on studying other important parameters such as agitation rate and nutrients concentrations with controlled pH as a preclude to continuous reactor studies.
Book Synopsis Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. [Quarterly Report], June 22, 1990--September 21, 1990 by :
Download or read book Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. [Quarterly Report], June 22, 1990--September 21, 1990 written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Previous results have shown that the yeast extract concentration and the medium pH significantly affect the ratio of ethanol to acetate in the product stream when fermenting CO, CO2 and H2 in synthesis gas to products by Clostridium ljungdahlii. Further experimentation has demonstrated the impact of eliminating yeast extract from the medium (except for the slight quantity transferred with the inoculm), especially when coupled with low pH. An ethanol to acetate product ratio of 4.0 was obtained at pH 4.5 without yeast extract present in the medium when using culture previously exposed to growth-limiting H2S. The product ratio was 2.0 at pH 4.0 (nearly three times the value of pH 4.5 and nine times the value of pH 5.0) without yeast extract present in the media when using the standard (unexposed) culture.
Book Synopsis Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. [Quarterly Report], September 22, 1990--December 21, 1990 by :
Download or read book Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. [Quarterly Report], September 22, 1990--December 21, 1990 written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Previous results have shown that the medium pH, the composition of the medium and concentration of medium constituents significantly affect the ratio of ethanol to acetate in the product stream when fermenting CO, CO2 and H2 in synthesis gas to products by Clostridium ljungdahlii. An additional batch study was carried out varying the agitation rate at pH 4, 4.5 and 5.0. It was speculated that increased agitation rates in combination with low pH might result in increased ethanol production while, at the same time, yielding higher cell concentrations which could eventually result in higher ethanol concentrations.
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1994-05 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. [Quarterly Report], December 22, 1990--March 21, 1991 by :
Download or read book Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. [Quarterly Report], December 22, 1990--March 21, 1991 written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Previously studies have shown the importance of both medium composition and concentration and medium pH on ethanol production of Clostridium ljungdahlii in fermenting CO, CO2 and H2 in synthesis gas. Four additional batch experiments involving medium composition and concentration were carried out in modified basal medium without yeast extract at pH 4.0. These experiments indicate that basal medium with only small amounts of B-vitamins can yield significant cell growth while yielding ethanol as the major product. Product ratios as high as 11.0 g ethanol per g acetate were obtained with half strength B-vitamins. Further experiments indicates that Ca-pantothenate may be necessary for the growth of C. ljungdahlii and that growth and ethanol production can occur simultaneously.
Book Synopsis Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. [Quarterly Report], December 22, 1989--March 21, 1990 by :
Download or read book Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. [Quarterly Report], December 22, 1989--March 21, 1990 written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A batch kinetic study involving Clostridium lungdahlii in a mineral medium was carried out in order to provide baseline data for the effects of nutrients on product ratio and kinetics. The use of this minimal medium containing vitamins, minerals, select amino acids and salts showed both a lower maximum specific growth rate and a lower maximum specific uptake rate than found when using a complex medium supplemented with 0.01% yeast extract. At the same time, the product ratio was improved slightly in favor of ethanol over acetate. Future experiments will measure the effects of ammonia and phosphate limitation on product ratio and process kinetics.
Book Synopsis Government Reports Annual Index by :
Download or read book Government Reports Annual Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 1290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sections 1-2. Keyword Index.--Section 3. Personal author index.--Section 4. Corporate author index.-- Section 5. Contract/grant number index, NTIS order/report number index 1-E.--Section 6. NTIS order/report number index F-Z.
Book Synopsis Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. [Quarterly Report], June 22, 1991--September 21, 1991 by :
Download or read book Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. [Quarterly Report], June 22, 1991--September 21, 1991 written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effects of temperature on the growth and uptake of CO by C. ljundahlii were studied in batch culture. Continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) studies were carried out measuring the effects of agitation rate on culture performance. Finally, cell recycle studies continued in conjunction with a CSTR.
Book Synopsis Government Reports Announcements & Index by :
Download or read book Government Reports Announcements & Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. [Quarterly Technical Report], June 22, 1991--September 21, 1991 by :
Download or read book Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. [Quarterly Technical Report], June 22, 1991--September 21, 1991 written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effects of temperature on the growth and uptake of CO by C. ljundahlii were studied in batch culture. A maximum specific growth rate of 0.095h−1 was found at 37°C, a normal optimum temperature for the growth of anaerobic bacteria. A maximum specific uptake rate of 0.0095 mmol/mg·h was found at a slightly higher temperature of 40°C. CSTR studies were carried out measuring the effects of agitation rate on culture performance. As expected, growth was best at the higher agitation rates until nutrient limitation occurred.
Book Synopsis Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. [Quarterly Report], September 22, 1991--December 21, 1991 by :
Download or read book Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. [Quarterly Report], September 22, 1991--December 21, 1991 written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research is continuing in attempting to increase both the ethanol concentration and product ratio (acetate to ethanol) from the C. ljungdahlii fermentation. Both batch and continuous reactors are being used for this purpose. The purpose of this report is four-fold. First, the data presented in PETC Report No. 2-4-91 (June--September, 1991) are analyzed and interpreted using normalized specific growth and production rates. This technique eliminates experimental variation due to differences in inoculum history. Secondly, the effects of the sulfur gases H2S and COS on the performance of C. ljungdahlii are presented and discussed. Although these are preliminary results, they illustrate the tolerance of the bacterium to low levels of sulfur gases. Thirdly, the results of continuous stirred tank reactor studies are presented, where cell and product concentrations are shown as a function of agitation rate and gas flow rate. Finally, additional data are presented showing the performance of C. ljungdahlii in a CSTR with cell recycle.
Book Synopsis Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. [Quarterly Technical Report], December 22, 1991--March 21, 1992 by :
Download or read book Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. [Quarterly Technical Report], December 22, 1991--March 21, 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research is continuing in an attempt to increase both the ethanol concentration and product ratio using C. ljungdahlii. The purpose of this report is to present data utilizing a medium prepared especially for C. ljungdahlii. Medium development studies are presented, as well as reactor studies with the new medium in batch reactors. CSTRs and CSTRs with cell recycle. The use of this new medium has resulted in significant improvements in cell concentration, ethanol concentration and product ratio.
Book Synopsis Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. [Quarterly Technical Report], September 22, 1991--December 21, 1991 by :
Download or read book Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. [Quarterly Technical Report], September 22, 1991--December 21, 1991 written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research is continuing in attempting to increase both the ethanol concentration and product ratio from the C. ljungdahlii fermentation. Both batch and continuous reactors are being used for this purpose. The purpose of this report is four-fold. First, the data presented in PETC Report No. 2-4-91 (June--September 1991) are analyzed and interpreted using normalized specific growth and production rates. This technique eliminates experimental variation due to the differences in inoculum history. Secondly, the effects of the sulfur gases H2S and COS on the performance of C. ljungdahlii are presented and discussed. Although these are preliminary results, they illustrate the tolerance of the bacterium to low levels of sulfur gases. Thirdly, the results of continuous stirred tank reactor studies are presented, where cell and product concentrations are shown as a function of agitation rate and gas flow rate. Finally, additional data are presented showing the performance of C. ljungdahlii in a CSTR with cell recycle.
Book Synopsis Biological Production of Ethanol Fom Coal. [Quarterly Report], December 22, 1991--March 21, 1992 by :
Download or read book Biological Production of Ethanol Fom Coal. [Quarterly Report], December 22, 1991--March 21, 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research is continuing in an attempt to increase both the ethanol concentration and product ratio using C. ljungdahlii. The purpose of this report is to present data (acetate to ethanol) utilizing a medium prepared especially for C. ljungdahlii. Medium development studies are presented, as well as reactor studies with the new medium in batch reactors. Continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) with cell recycle. The use of this new medium has resulted in significant improvements in cell concentration, ethanol concentration and product ratio.
Book Synopsis Transportation Biofuels by : Alwin Hoogendoorn
Download or read book Transportation Biofuels written by Alwin Hoogendoorn and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2020-04-06 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The transportation industry is still largely reliant on fossil fuels, whose use and extraction have significant environmental costs. Biofuels produced from renewable resources biomass offer a more sustainable alternative. However, it is important that production methods should be energy efficient and that feedstocks should not compete with food sources. Biofuels that meet these criteria are sometimes referred to as second-generation biofuels. The new edition of this book provides updates on the three previously discussed non-conventional pathways for second-generation biofuels, including new experimental results and pilot plant studies. It also includes a completely new chapter looking at developments in combining renewable electricity with fuel production and possible future directions for the transportation industry. It is a useful read for researchers and industrialists working in biofuel development as well as postgraduate students studying fuel alternatives.
Download or read book Energy Information Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 1312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Fuel from Farms by : Solar Energy Information Data Bank (U.S.)
Download or read book Fuel from Farms written by Solar Energy Information Data Bank (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Decision to produce; Markets and uses; Market assessment; Prodution potential; Equipment selection; Financial requirements; Decision and planning workssheets; Basic ethanol production; Preparation of feedstocks, Fermentation; Distillation; Types of feedstocks; Coproduct yields; Agronomic considerations; Plant design; Overall plant considerations; Process control; Representative ethanol plant; Maintenance checklist; Business plan; Analysis of financial requirements; Organizational form; Financing; Case study; Summary of legislation; Bureau of alcohol, tabacco, and firearms permit information; Enviromental considerations.
![Download Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. [Quarterly Report], March 22, 1990--June 21, 1990 PDF Online Free](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/WGVoAQAACAAJ?fife=w200-h370)
![Download Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. [Quarterly Report], June 22, 1990--September 21, 1990 PDF Online Free](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/pXqDAQAACAAJ?fife=w200-h370)
![Download Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. [Quarterly Report], September 22, 1990--December 21, 1990 PDF Online Free](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/md2VAQAACAAJ?fife=w200-h370)
![Download Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. [Quarterly Report], December 22, 1990--March 21, 1991 PDF Online Free](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/ERODAQAACAAJ?fife=w200-h370)
![Download Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. [Quarterly Report], December 22, 1989--March 21, 1990 PDF Online Free](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/J05GnQAACAAJ?fife=w200-h370)
![Download Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. [Quarterly Report], June 22, 1991--September 21, 1991 PDF Online Free](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/7v6qAQAACAAJ?fife=w200-h370)
![Download Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. [Quarterly Technical Report], June 22, 1991--September 21, 1991 PDF Online Free](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/dFA_ngAACAAJ?fife=w200-h370)
![Download Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. [Quarterly Report], September 22, 1991--December 21, 1991 PDF Online Free](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/dsqTAQAACAAJ?fife=w200-h370)
![Download Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. [Quarterly Technical Report], December 22, 1991--March 21, 1992 PDF Online Free](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/yhdpnQAACAAJ?fife=w200-h370)
![Download Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. [Quarterly Technical Report], September 22, 1991--December 21, 1991 PDF Online Free](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/kEqdAQAACAAJ?fife=w200-h370)
![Download Biological Production of Ethanol Fom Coal. [Quarterly Report], December 22, 1991--March 21, 1992 PDF Online Free](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/SLV3AQAACAAJ?fife=w200-h370)
