Biofuel Use In The Us

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Water Implications of Biofuels Production in the United States

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030911361X
Total Pages : 86 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Water Implications of Biofuels Production in the United States by : National Research Council

Download or read book Water Implications of Biofuels Production in the United States written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2008-02-09 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: National interests in greater energy independence, concurrent with favorable market forces, have driven increased production of corn-based ethanol in the United States and research into the next generation of biofuels. The trend is changing the national agricultural landscape and has raised concerns about potential impacts on the nation's water resources. To help illuminate these issues, the National Research Council held a colloquium on July 12, 2007 in Washington, DC. Water Implications of Biofuels Production in the United States, based in part on discussions at the colloquium, concludes that if projected future increases in use of corn for ethanol production do occur, the increase in harm to water quality could be considerable from the increases in fertilizer use, pesticide use, and soil erosion associated with growing crops such as corn. Water supply problems could also develop, both from the water needed to grow biofuels crops and water used at ethanol processing plants, especially in regions where water supplies are already overdrawn. The production of "cellulosic ethanol," derived from fibrous material such as wheat straw, native grasses, and forest trimmings is expected to have less water quality impact but cannot yet be produced on a commerical scale. To move toward a goal of reducing water impacts of biofuels, a policy bridge will likely be needed to encourage growth of new technologies, best agricultural practies, and the development of traditional and cellulosic crops that require less water and fertilizer and are optimized for fuel production.

Renewable Fuel Standard

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309187516
Total Pages : 416 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Renewable Fuel Standard by : National Research Council

Download or read book Renewable Fuel Standard written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-01-29 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, we have come to depend on plentiful and inexpensive energy to support our economy and lifestyles. In recent years, many questions have been raised regarding the sustainability of our current pattern of high consumption of nonrenewable energy and its environmental consequences. Further, because the United States imports about 55 percent of the nation's consumption of crude oil, there are additional concerns about the security of supply. Hence, efforts are being made to find alternatives to our current pathway, including greater energy efficiency and use of energy sources that could lower greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions such as nuclear and renewable sources, including solar, wind, geothermal, and biofuels. The United States has a long history with biofuels and the nation is on a course charted to achieve a substantial increase in biofuels. Renewable Fuel Standard evaluates the economic and environmental consequences of increasing biofuels production as a result of Renewable Fuels Standard, as amended by EISA (RFS2). The report describes biofuels produced in 2010 and those projected to be produced and consumed by 2022, reviews model projections and other estimates of the relative impact on the prices of land, and discusses the potential environmental harm and benefits of biofuels production and the barriers to achieving the RFS2 consumption mandate. Policy makers, investors, leaders in the transportation sector, and others with concerns for the environment, economy, and energy security can rely on the recommendations provided in this report.

The Nexus of Biofuels, Climate Change, and Human Health

Author : Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 9780309292412
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (924 download)

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Book Synopsis The Nexus of Biofuels, Climate Change, and Human Health by : Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine

Download or read book The Nexus of Biofuels, Climate Change, and Human Health written by Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2014-06-09 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Liquid fuels are a major part of modern life. They supply energy for ground, water, and air transportation as well as power for industrial and farming machinery. But fossil fuels - the dominant liquid fuel in use for well over a century - have many disadvantages. The use of fossil fuels has obvious health downsides, such as emissions of pollutants that are directly harmful to health. The burning of fossil fuels produces greenhouse gases, which contribute to global warming, itself a long-term threat to human health. There have also been health concerns related to insecurity of liquid fuel supplies and the potential of international conflicts being caused by fuel scarcity. Furthermore, there are concerns that the world's large but still limited supply of fossil fuels could be strained by the increasing demand that results from societies around the world achieving greater prosperity. In the face of these concerns, new policies have been created that encourage the development of renewable sources of energy in general and biofuels in particular. In January 2013, the Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine of the Institute of Medicine held a 2- day, interactive, public workshop on the intersection of biofuels, climate change, and human health. Workshop attendees explored public health issues related to the composition of traditional and alternative fuels and fuel additives, and they discussed the known and potential health impacts associated with the use of these fuels and fuel additives. The Nexus of Biofuels, Climate Change, and Human Health is the summary of that workshop. This report examines air, water, land use, food, and social impacts of biomass feedstock as an energy resource, and the state of the science and health policy implications of using different types (and generations) of biofuels as an energy source.

Sustainable Development of Algal Biofuels in the United States

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309260329
Total Pages : 247 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Sustainable Development of Algal Biofuels in the United States by : National Research Council

Download or read book Sustainable Development of Algal Biofuels in the United States written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-01-18 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biofuels made from algae are gaining attention as a domestic source of renewable fuel. However, with current technologies, scaling up production of algal biofuels to meet even 5 percent of U.S. transportation fuel needs could create unsustainable demands for energy, water, and nutrient resources. Continued research and development could yield innovations to address these challenges, but determining if algal biofuel is a viable fuel alternative will involve comparing the environmental, economic and social impacts of algal biofuel production and use to those associated with petroleum-based fuels and other fuel sources. Sustainable Development of Algal Biofuels was produced at the request of the U.S. Department of Energy.

Water Implications of Biofuels Production in the United States

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309185653
Total Pages : 86 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Water Implications of Biofuels Production in the United States by : National Research Council

Download or read book Water Implications of Biofuels Production in the United States written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2008-01-09 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: National interests in greater energy independence, concurrent with favorable market forces, have driven increased production of corn-based ethanol in the United States and research into the next generation of biofuels. The trend is changing the national agricultural landscape and has raised concerns about potential impacts on the nation's water resources. To help illuminate these issues, the National Research Council held a colloquium on July 12, 2007 in Washington, DC. Water Implications of Biofuels Production in the United States, based in part on discussions at the colloquium, concludes that if projected future increases in use of corn for ethanol production do occur, the increase in harm to water quality could be considerable from the increases in fertilizer use, pesticide use, and soil erosion associated with growing crops such as corn. Water supply problems could also develop, both from the water needed to grow biofuels crops and water used at ethanol processing plants, especially in regions where water supplies are already overdrawn. The production of "cellulosic ethanol," derived from fibrous material such as wheat straw, native grasses, and forest trimmings is expected to have less water quality impact but cannot yet be produced on a commerical scale. To move toward a goal of reducing water impacts of biofuels, a policy bridge will likely be needed to encourage growth of new technologies, best agricultural practies, and the development of traditional and cellulosic crops that require less water and fertilizer and are optimized for fuel production.

A Framework for Assessing Effects of the Food System

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030930783X
Total Pages : 444 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis A Framework for Assessing Effects of the Food System by : National Research Council

Download or read book A Framework for Assessing Effects of the Food System written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-06-17 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How we produce and consume food has a bigger impact on Americans' well-being than any other human activity. The food industry is the largest sector of our economy; food touches everything from our health to the environment, climate change, economic inequality, and the federal budget. From the earliest developments of agriculture, a major goal has been to attain sufficient foods that provide the energy and the nutrients needed for a healthy, active life. Over time, food production, processing, marketing, and consumption have evolved and become highly complex. The challenges of improving the food system in the 21st century will require systemic approaches that take full account of social, economic, ecological, and evolutionary factors. Policy or business interventions involving a segment of the food system often have consequences beyond the original issue the intervention was meant to address. A Framework for Assessing Effects of the Food System develops an analytical framework for assessing effects associated with the ways in which food is grown, processed, distributed, marketed, retailed, and consumed in the United States. The framework will allow users to recognize effects across the full food system, consider all domains and dimensions of effects, account for systems dynamics and complexities, and choose appropriate methods for analysis. This report provides example applications of the framework based on complex questions that are currently under debate: consumption of a healthy and safe diet, food security, animal welfare, and preserving the environment and its resources. A Framework for Assessing Effects of the Food System describes the U.S. food system and provides a brief history of its evolution into the current system. This report identifies some of the real and potential implications of the current system in terms of its health, environmental, and socioeconomic effects along with a sense for the complexities of the system, potential metrics, and some of the data needs that are required to assess the effects. The overview of the food system and the framework described in this report will be an essential resource for decision makers, researchers, and others to examine the possible impacts of alternative policies or agricultural or food processing practices.

Effects of Increased Biofuels on the U.S. Economy in 2022

Author : Mark Gehlhar
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1437941826
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (379 download)

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Book Synopsis Effects of Increased Biofuels on the U.S. Economy in 2022 by : Mark Gehlhar

Download or read book Effects of Increased Biofuels on the U.S. Economy in 2022 written by Mark Gehlhar and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2011-04 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Achieving greater energy security by reducing dependence on foreign petroleum is a goal of U.S. energy policy. The Energy Independence and Security Act calls for a Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS-2), which mandates that the U.S. increase the volume of biofuel that is blended into transportation fuel from 9 to 36 billion gallons from 2008 to 2022. This report examines how meeting the RFS-2 would affect various components of the U.S. economy. If biofuel production advances with cost-reducing technology, and petroleum prices continue to rise as projected, the RFS-2 could provide economywide benefits. However, the actual level of benefits depends on future oil prices and whether tax credits are retained. Illus. A print on demand publication.

Biofuel Use in the U.S.

Author : Stefania Alonso
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781621004417
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (44 download)

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Book Synopsis Biofuel Use in the U.S. by : Stefania Alonso

Download or read book Biofuel Use in the U.S. written by Stefania Alonso and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Achieving greater energy security by reducing dependence on foreign petroleum is a goal of U.S. energy policy. The Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) calls for a Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS-2), which mandates that the United States increase the volume of biofuel that is blended into transportation fuel from 9 billion gallons in 2008 to 36 billion gallons by 2022. Long-term technological advances are needed to meet this mandate. This book examines how meeting the RFS-2 would affect various key components of the U.S. economy. If biofuel production advances with cost-reducing technology and petroleum prices continue to rise as projected, the RFS-2 could provide economy-wide benefits. However, the actual level of benefits to the U.S. economy depends importantly on future oil prices and whether tax credits are retained in 2022.

OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook 2020-2029

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264582959
Total Pages : 330 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (645 download)

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Book Synopsis OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook 2020-2029 by : OECD

Download or read book OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook 2020-2029 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2020-07-16 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook 2020-2029 is a collaborative effort of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation Development (OECD) and the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, incorporating expertise from collaborating member countries and international commodity organisations. It provides market projections for national, regional and global supply and demand of major agricultural commodities, biofuel and fish.

Biofuel Use in the U. S.

Author : Stefania Alonso
Publisher : Nova Science Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9781621004882
Total Pages : 138 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (48 download)

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Book Synopsis Biofuel Use in the U. S. by : Stefania Alonso

Download or read book Biofuel Use in the U. S. written by Stefania Alonso and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2012-04 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Achieving greater energy security by reducing dependence on foreign petroleum is a goal of U.S. energy policy. The Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) calls for a Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS-2), which mandates that the United States increase the volume of biofuel that is blended into transportation fuel from 9 billion gallons in 2008 to 36 billion gallons by 2022. Long-term technological advances are needed to meet this mandate. This book examines how meeting the RFS-2 would affect various key components of the U.S. economy. If biofuel production advances with cost-reducing technology and petroleum prices continue to rise as projected, the RFS-2 could provide economy-wide benefits. However, the actual level of benefits to the U.S. economy depends importantly on future oil prices and whether tax credits are retained in 2022.

Woody Biomass for Bioenergy and Biofuels in the United States

Author : Eric M. White
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1437938132
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (379 download)

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Book Synopsis Woody Biomass for Bioenergy and Biofuels in the United States by : Eric M. White

Download or read book Woody Biomass for Bioenergy and Biofuels in the United States written by Eric M. White and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-11 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Woody biomass (WB) can be used for the generation of heat, electricity, and biofuels. Bioenergy production from WB has not been widely adopted because the price of WB energy has not been competitive with traditional fossil fuels. However, current projections of future energy use, renewable energy and climate change legislation suggest increased use of both WB and agr. biomass energy. This report provides a summary of the knowledge related to the production of WB from bioenergy with a focus on the econ. perspective. The most common WB feedstocks are described along with results of econ. modeling studies related to the provision of biomass from short-rotation woody crops, harvest residues, and haz.-fuel reduction efforts.

Biofuels

Author : Zhen Fang
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 9535109502
Total Pages : 398 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (351 download)

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Book Synopsis Biofuels by : Zhen Fang

Download or read book Biofuels written by Zhen Fang and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2013-01-23 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book overviews social, economic, environmental and sustainable issues by the use of biofuels written by professionals. It should be of interest for students, researchers, scientists and technologists in biofuels.

Advanced Biofuel Technologies

Author : Deepak K. Tuli
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0323884288
Total Pages : 596 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (238 download)

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Book Synopsis Advanced Biofuel Technologies by : Deepak K. Tuli

Download or read book Advanced Biofuel Technologies written by Deepak K. Tuli and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-12-08 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced Biofuel Technologies: Present Status, Challenges and Future Prospects deals with important issues such as feed stock availability, technology options, greenhouse gas reduction as seen by life cycle assessment studies, regulations and policies. This book provides readers complete information on the current state of developments in both thermochemical and biochemical processes for advanced biofuels production for the purpose of transportation, domestic and industrial applications. Chapters explore technological innovations in advanced biofuels produced from agricultural residues, algae, lipids and waste industrial gases to produce road transport fuels, biojet fuel and biogas. Covers technologies and processes of different types of biofuel production Outlines a selection of different types of renewable feedstocks for biofuel production Summarizes adequate and balanced coverage of thermochemical and biochemical methods of biomass conversion into biofuel Includes regulations, policies and lifecycle and techno-economic assessments

Biofuels and the Environment: First Triennial Report to Congress

Author : Environmental Protection Agency (U.S.)
Publisher : Government Printing Office
ISBN 13 : 9780160906121
Total Pages : 222 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (61 download)

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Book Synopsis Biofuels and the Environment: First Triennial Report to Congress by : Environmental Protection Agency (U.S.)

Download or read book Biofuels and the Environment: First Triennial Report to Congress written by Environmental Protection Agency (U.S.) and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2012-05-31 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: EPA/600/R-10/183F. Concludes that the extent of negative impacsts to date are limited in magnitude and are primarily associated with the intensification of corn production.

Why are We Producing Biofuels?

Author : Robert Clinton Brown
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780984090631
Total Pages : 341 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis Why are We Producing Biofuels? by : Robert Clinton Brown

Download or read book Why are We Producing Biofuels? written by Robert Clinton Brown and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Why Are We Producing Biofuels?" is written for those who are curious about efforts to introduce biofuels into our energy supply but are not satisfied with the publically accessible information on the subject. Written by experts in the field, this book provides educators, policy makers, and business leaders, and the general public with an insider's understanding of the current research in the field as well as an appreciation of the debates surrounding biofuels. This book explores the opportunity to advance a sustainable energy future through the development of advanced biofuels. By examining the emergence of first generation biofuels and the kinds of technologies being developed for advanced biofuels, the book also articulates the challenges that must be overcome: Will the industry be driven by technological innovation or government policy? If not gasoline and diesel, what fuel will propel our vehicles? How is it that we are using food crops to produce motor fuels? What do the recent criticisms about biofuels portend for its future? How is it possible that a renewable fuel can contribute to global climate change? What kinds of biomass occur in sufficient quantity to help displace imported petroleum? How can these feedstocks be transformed into transportation fuels? What is the most likely future of fuels? Table of Contents Chapter 1 Answer in brief Chapter 2 What are the origins of the biofuels era? Chapter 3 Why do we need to end our addiction to oil? Chapter 4 What are our alternatives to imported petroleum? Chapter 5 What are our alternatives to gasoline? Chapter 6 Why are we producing grain ethanol and biodiesel? Chapter 7 Why are we developing advanced biofuels? Chapter 8 How can we turn lipids into advanced biofuels? Chapter 9 How can we turn cellulose into advanced biofuels? Chapter 10 How can we use heat to produce biofuels? Chapter 11 What is the future of fuels?"

Biomass as Feedstock for a Bioenergy and Bioproducts Industry

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 84 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Biomass as Feedstock for a Bioenergy and Bioproducts Industry by :

Download or read book Biomass as Feedstock for a Bioenergy and Bioproducts Industry written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) are both strongly committed to expanding the role of biomass as an energy source. In particular, they support biomass fuels and products as a way to reduce the need for oil and gas imports; to support the growth of agriculture, forestry, and rural economies; and to foster major new domestic industries-- biorefineries--making a variety of fuels, chemicals, and other products. As part of this effort, the Biomass R AND D Technical Advisory Committee, a panel established by the Congress to guide the future direction of federally funded biomass R AND D, envisioned a 30 percent replacement of the current U.S. petroleum consumption with biofuels by 2030. Biomass--all plant and plant-derived materials including animal manure, not just starch, sugar, oil crops already used for food and energy--has great potential to provide renewable energy for America s future. Biomass recently surpassed hydropower as the largest domestic source of renewable energy and currently provides over 3 percent of the total energy consumption in the United States. In addition to the many benefits common to renewable energy, biomass is particularly attractive because it is the only current renewable source of liquid transportation fuel. This, of course, makes it invaluable in reducing oil imports--one of our most pressing energy needs. A key question, however, is how large a role could biomass play in responding to the nation's energy demands. Assuming that economic and financial policies and advances in conversion technologies make biomass fuels and products more economically viable, could the biorefinery industry be large enough to have a significant impact on energy supply and oil imports? Any and all contributions are certainly needed, but would the biomass potential be sufficiently large to justify the necessary capital replacements in the fuels and automobile sectors?

Biofuels

Author : Alan H. Scragg
Publisher : CABI
ISBN 13 : 1845937279
Total Pages : 251 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (459 download)

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Book Synopsis Biofuels by : Alan H. Scragg

Download or read book Biofuels written by Alan H. Scragg and published by CABI. This book was released on 2009 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores the production of biofuels as alternatives to fossil fuels, focusing on the technological issues. This textbook considers each type of biofuel in production, covering the benefits and problems with production and use and the potential for biological material to provide sufficient energy for the world's population.