Renewable Fuel Standard

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309187516
Total Pages : 416 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Renewable Fuel Standard by : National Research Council

Download or read book Renewable Fuel Standard written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-01-29 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, we have come to depend on plentiful and inexpensive energy to support our economy and lifestyles. In recent years, many questions have been raised regarding the sustainability of our current pattern of high consumption of nonrenewable energy and its environmental consequences. Further, because the United States imports about 55 percent of the nation's consumption of crude oil, there are additional concerns about the security of supply. Hence, efforts are being made to find alternatives to our current pathway, including greater energy efficiency and use of energy sources that could lower greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions such as nuclear and renewable sources, including solar, wind, geothermal, and biofuels. The United States has a long history with biofuels and the nation is on a course charted to achieve a substantial increase in biofuels. Renewable Fuel Standard evaluates the economic and environmental consequences of increasing biofuels production as a result of Renewable Fuels Standard, as amended by EISA (RFS2). The report describes biofuels produced in 2010 and those projected to be produced and consumed by 2022, reviews model projections and other estimates of the relative impact on the prices of land, and discusses the potential environmental harm and benefits of biofuels production and the barriers to achieving the RFS2 consumption mandate. Policy makers, investors, leaders in the transportation sector, and others with concerns for the environment, economy, and energy security can rely on the recommendations provided in this report.

19th European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering

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Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 044453525X
Total Pages : 1341 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (445 download)

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Book Synopsis 19th European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering by : Jacek Jezowski

Download or read book 19th European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering written by Jacek Jezowski and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2009-06-12 with total page 1341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 19th European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering contains papers presented at the 19th European Symposium of Computer Aided Process Engineering (ESCAPE 19) held in Cracow, Poland, June 14-17, 2009.The ESCAPE series serves as a forum for scientists and engineers from academia and industry to discuss progress achieved in the area of CAPE.* CD-ROM that accompanies the book contains all research papers and contributions * International in scope with guest speeches and keynote talks from leaders in science and industry * Presents papers covering the latest research, key top areas and developments in computer aided process engineering (CAPE)

Challenges and Opportunities for the World's Forests in the 21st Century

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Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400770766
Total Pages : 823 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Challenges and Opportunities for the World's Forests in the 21st Century by : Trevor Fenning

Download or read book Challenges and Opportunities for the World's Forests in the 21st Century written by Trevor Fenning and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-03 with total page 823 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the challenges and opportunities faced by the world’s forests posed by climate change, conservation objectives, and sustainable development needs including bioenergy, outlining the research and other efforts that are needed to understand these issues, along with the options and difficulties for dealing with them. It contains sections on sustainable forestry & conservation; forest resources worldwide; forests, forestry and climate change; the economics of forestry; tree breeding & commercial forestry; biotechnological approaches; genomic studies with forest trees; bio-energy, lignin & wood; and forest science, including ecological studies. The chapters are contributed by prominent organisations or individuals with an established record of achievement in these areas, and present their ideas on these topics with the aim of providing a ready source of information and guidance on these topics for politicians, policy makers and scientists for many years to come.

Biofuels in Africa

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Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 0821385178
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (213 download)

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Book Synopsis Biofuels in Africa by : Donald Mitchell

Download or read book Biofuels in Africa written by Donald Mitchell and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2010-11-24 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new economic opportunity for sub-Saharan Africa is looming large: biofuel production. Rapidly rising energy prices are expected to remain high for an extended period of time because of the increasing demand in prospering and populous countries such as China and India, the depletion of easily accessible supplies of crude oil, and concern over global climate change. As a result, there is renewed interest in biofuels as an alternative to fossil fuels. Africa is uniquely positioned to produce these new cash crops for both domestic use and export. The region has abundant land resources and preferential access to protected markets with higher-than-world-market prices. The rapid growth in the demand for transport fuels in Africa and high fuel prices create domestic markets for biofuels. The European Union and the United States have approved legislation that requires large increases in the consumption of biofuels over at least the next decade. Imports are expected to be needed to meet these mandates, thus opening the door to African and other developing countries that can produce biofuels or feedstocks for biofuels competitively. Expanding the production of crops for biofuels will affect the entire rural sector in Africa as resources are shifted away from traditional crops and the prices of all agricultural commodities rise. Even smallholders can participate in producing biofuel crops. To promote the sustainability and significant contribution of this enterprise, Biofuels in Africa provides guidance in formulating suitable policy regimes, which are based on protecting the rights of current land users, developing revenue-sharing schemes with local communities, safeguarding the environment and biodiversity, expanding institutional capacity, formulating new regulations and procedures, and emulating best practices from experienced countries. This volume will be of value to anyone interested in biofuels, including policy makers, development practitioners, private investors, researchers, and the general public. Now that African countries are trying to significantly increase their energy supply systems, biofuels are an attractive option using both dedicated crops and agricultural waste. This book provides guidance for them to develop a suitable policy regime for a significant contribution by biofuels. Professor Ogunlade R. Davidson, Minister of Energy and Water Resources, Sierra Leone Biofuels in Africa is a sorely needed resource for our understanding of the problems of expanding biofuels production in Africa. A high point of the book is a description of the projects that were started in several countries. A very useful book! Professor Jos Goldemberg, University of S o Paulo, Brazil As Africa most likely will play the same role for global biofuels as the Middle East does for oil, this comprehensive book on African biofuels should be compulsory reading for anyone interested in either African development or biofuels. The book captures the essence of long-term drivers and opportunities as well the complex challenges for investors and society of this huge emerging industry. Per Carstedt, Executive Chairman, EcoEnergy Africa

Biomass Supply Chains for Bioenergy and Biorefining

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Author :
Publisher : Woodhead Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1782423877
Total Pages : 412 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (824 download)

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Book Synopsis Biomass Supply Chains for Bioenergy and Biorefining by : Jens Bo Holm-Nielsen

Download or read book Biomass Supply Chains for Bioenergy and Biorefining written by Jens Bo Holm-Nielsen and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2016-02-23 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomass Supply Chains for Bioenergy and Biorefining highlights the emergence of energy generation through the use of biomass and the ways it is becoming more widely used. The supply chains that produce the feedstocks, harvest, transport, store, and prepare them for combustion or refinement into other forms of fuel are long and complex, often differing from feedstock to feedstock. Biomass Supply Chains for Bioenergy and Biorefining considers every aspect of these supply chains, including their design, management, socioeconomic, and environmental impacts. The first part of the book introduces supply chains, biomass feedstocks, and their analysis, while the second part looks at the harvesting, handling, storage, and transportation of biomass. The third part studies the modeling of supply chains and their management, with the final section discussing, in minute detail, the supply chains involved in the production and usage of individual feedstocks, such as wood and sugar starches, oil crops, industrial biomass wastes, and municipal sewage stocks. - Focuses on the complex supply chains of the various potential feedstocks for biomass energy generation - Studies a wide range of biomass feedstocks, including woody energy crops, sugar and starch crops, lignocellulosic crops, oil crops, grass crops, algae, and biomass waste - Reviews the modeling and optimization, standards, quality control and traceability, socioeconomic, and environmental impacts of supply chains

Decarbonizing Development

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Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464806063
Total Pages : 185 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Decarbonizing Development by : Marianne Fay

Download or read book Decarbonizing Development written by Marianne Fay and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2015-06-09 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The science is unequivocal: stabilizing climate change implies bringing net carbon emissions to zero. This must be done by 2100 if we are to keep climate change anywhere near the 2oC warming that world leaders have set as the maximum acceptable limit. Decarbonizing Development: Three Steps to a Zero-Carbon Future looks at what it would take to decarbonize the world economy by 2100 in a way that is compatible with countries' broader development goals. Here is what needs to be done: -Act early with an eye on the end-goal. To best achieve a given reduction in emissions in 2030 depends on whether this is the final target or a step towards zero net emissions. -Go beyond prices with a policy package that triggers changes in investment patterns, technologies and behaviors. Carbon pricing is necessary for an efficient transition toward decarbonization. It is an efficient way to raise revenue, which can be used to support poverty reduction or reduce other taxes. Policymakers need to adopt measures that trigger the required changes in investment patterns, behaviors, and technologies - and if carbon pricing is temporarily impossible, use these measures as a substitute. -Mind the political economy and smooth the transition for those who stand to be most affected. Reforms live or die based on the political economy. A climate policy package must be attractive to a majority of voters and avoid impacts that appear unfair or are concentrated on a region, sector or community. Reforms have to smooth the transition for those who stand to be affected, by protecting vulnerable people but also sometimes compensating powerful lobbies.

Renewable energy market analysis: Latin America

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Author :
Publisher : International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA)
ISBN 13 : 9292602101
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (926 download)

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Book Synopsis Renewable energy market analysis: Latin America by : International Renewable Energy Agency IRENA

Download or read book Renewable energy market analysis: Latin America written by International Renewable Energy Agency IRENA and published by International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA). This book was released on 2016-11-01 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The report offers a comprehensive review of the status and trends in the region’s renewable energy development. It highlights Latin America’s wealth of knowledge, draws key lessons, and outlines findings to support the continued expansion of renewables for power generation, transport and other end-uses.

The future of food and agriculture: Trends and challenges

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Author :
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN 13 : 9251095515
Total Pages : 180 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis The future of food and agriculture: Trends and challenges by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Download or read book The future of food and agriculture: Trends and challenges written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2018-06-08 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How can we achieve FAO’s original vision of a world free from hunger and malnutrition? The report sheds some light on the nature of the challenges that agriculture and food systems are facing now and throughout the 21st century, and provides some insights as to what is at stake and what needs to be done. What emerges is that “business as usual” is no longer an option but calls for major transformations in agricultural systems, in rural economies and in how we manage our natural resources. The report was undertaken for the quadrennial review of the FAO Strategic Framework and in preparation for the Organization’s Medium-Term Plan 2018-2021.

Socio-Economic Impacts of Bioenergy Production

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 331903829X
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Socio-Economic Impacts of Bioenergy Production by : Dominik Rutz

Download or read book Socio-Economic Impacts of Bioenergy Production written by Dominik Rutz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-02-23 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Around the world, many countries are increasing efforts to promote biomass production for industrial uses including biofuels and bio-products such as chemicals and bio-plastic. Against a backdrop of lively public debate on sustainability, bioenergy wields both positive and negative impacts upon a variety of environmental and socio-economic issues. These include property rights, labor conditions, social welfare, economic wealth, poverty reduction and more. This book discusses the issues and impacts of bioenergy, taking into account the local and regional framework under which bioenergy is produced, touching upon educational level, cultural aspects, the history and economies of the producing countries and an array of policies including environmental and social targets. The book surveys and analyzes global bioenergy production from a number of perspectives. The authors illustrate the complexity of interrelated topics in the bioenergy value chain, ranging from agriculture to conversion processes, as well as from social implications to environmental effects. It goes on to offer insight on future challenges associated with the expected boom of a global bio-based economy, which contributes to the paradigm shift from a fossil-based to a biomass and renewable energy-based economy. The expert contributors include researchers, investors, policy makers, representatives from NGOs and other stakeholders, from Europe, Africa, Asia and Latin America. Their contributions build upon the results of the Global-Bio-Pact project on “Global Assessment of Biomass and Bio-product Impacts on Socio-economics and Sustainability,” which was supported by the European Commission in its 7th Framework Program for Research and Technological Development, conducted from February 2010 to January 2013. The book benefits policy makers, scientists and NGO staffers working in the fields of agriculture, forestry, biotechnology and energy.

Biofuel finance: global trends in biofuel finance in forest-rich countries of Asia, Africa and Latin America and implications for governance

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Author :
Publisher : CIFOR
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 12 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Biofuel finance: global trends in biofuel finance in forest-rich countries of Asia, Africa and Latin America and implications for governance by : Jan Willem van Gelder

Download or read book Biofuel finance: global trends in biofuel finance in forest-rich countries of Asia, Africa and Latin America and implications for governance written by Jan Willem van Gelder and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 2011-02-08 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Biofuel Crops

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Publisher : CABI
ISBN 13 : 1845938852
Total Pages : 537 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (459 download)

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Book Synopsis Biofuel Crops by : Bharat P. Singh

Download or read book Biofuel Crops written by Bharat P. Singh and published by CABI. This book was released on 2013 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing comprehensive coverage on biofuel crop production and the technological, environmental and resource issues associated with a sustainable biofuel industry, this book is ideal for researchers and industry personnel. Beginning with an introduction to biofuels and the challenges they face, the book then includes detailed coverage on crops of current importance or with high future prospects, including sections on algae, sugar crops and grass, oil and forestry species. The chapters focus on the genetics, breeding, cultivation, harvesting and handling of each crop.

Sustainability in Practice

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031344367
Total Pages : 600 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (313 download)

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Book Synopsis Sustainability in Practice by : Walter Leal Filho

Download or read book Sustainability in Practice written by Walter Leal Filho and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-10-17 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainability is now a widely spread concept, and much progress has been achieved since the 1970s, when it started to be widely discussed. At present, many international organizations and scientists are active in implementing sustainable development as a whole and the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in particular. Nevertheless, the main research agenda is being led by some countries, providing a good opportunity for other nations and regions which have not yet been so active, to bring their viewpoints to the global discussion. One of these regions is Latin America. Consistent with the need for more cross-sectorial and cross-cultural interactions among the various stakeholders working in the field of sustainability in Latin America and beyond, this book pursues two main aims: a) to provide research institutions, universities, NGOs, government agencies, and enterprises from the region with an opportunity to present their works in the field of sustainability and b) to document and promote ideas and experiences acquired in the execution of sustainability projects, especially successful initiatives and good practice across the Latin America region. Last but not least, a further aim of the book is to present methodological approaches and experiences deriving from case studies and projects, which aim to show how sustainability may be enhanced in practice.

Tools, Methodologies and Techniques Applied to Sustainable Supply Chains

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Author :
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3039283189
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (392 download)

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Book Synopsis Tools, Methodologies and Techniques Applied to Sustainable Supply Chains by : Jorge Luis García-Alcaraz

Download or read book Tools, Methodologies and Techniques Applied to Sustainable Supply Chains written by Jorge Luis García-Alcaraz and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-02-21 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Supply chains are currently globalized and companies operate internationally owing to the fact that raw materials, production processes, and the consumption of the final products are carried out in different countries. This implies high material and information flow, which incurs high costs associated with the supply chain and logistics, sometimes up to 60% of the total cost of the product. Therefore, companies seek to optimize their resources to reduce these costs and improve sustainability in a globalized market. This book, entitled Tools, Methodologies and Techniques Applied to Sustainable Supply Chains, contains 15 chapters that report case studies applied to industrial and service sectors. The authors come from areas such as Mexico, Colombia, Italy, Sweden, Slovakia, China, and Australia. They indicate how managers make use of tools and techniques to solve problems associated with supply chains to reduce their cost and remain competitive. A great effort has been made to analyze this problem, and the methodologies are clearly described here to facilitate the reproducibility of each technique and tool. This was done in the hope that hoping that they may one day be applied in more companies.

Advances in Bioenergy

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118957857
Total Pages : 912 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (189 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in Bioenergy by : Peter D. Lund

Download or read book Advances in Bioenergy written by Peter D. Lund and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-12-10 with total page 912 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increasing deployment of bioenergy frequently raises issues regarding the use of land and raw materials, infrastructure and logistics. In light of these sometimes conflicting interests Advances in Bioenergy provides an objective and wide-ranging overview of the technology, economics and policy of bioenergy. Offering an authoritative multidisciplinary summary of the opportunities and challenges associated with bioenergy utilization, with international researchers give up-to-date and detailed information on key issues for biomass production and conversion to energy. Key features: *Discusses different bioenergy uses such as transportation fuels, electricity and heat production. *Assesses emerging fields such as bio-based chemicals and bio-refineries. *Debates conditions for the mobilization of sustainable bioenergy supply chains and outlines governance systems to support this mobilization. * Dedicated chapters to sustainability governance and emerging tools such as certification systems and standards supporting growth of a sustainable bioenergy industry. *Considers the political, environmental, social and cultural context related to the demand for energy resources, the impact of this demand on the world around us, and the choices and behaviours of consumers. This book will be a vital reference to engineers, researchers and students that need an accessible overview of the bioenergy area. It will also be of high value for politicians, policymakers and industry leaders that need to stay up to date with the state-of-the-art science and technology in this area.

Biojet Fuel in Aviation Applications

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Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 012823072X
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (282 download)

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Book Synopsis Biojet Fuel in Aviation Applications by : Cheng Tung Chong

Download or read book Biojet Fuel in Aviation Applications written by Cheng Tung Chong and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-06-27 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biojet fuels have the potential to make an important contribution towards decarbonising the aviation sector. Biojet Fuel in Aviation Applications: Production, Usage and Impact of Biofuels covers all aspects of this sustainable aviation fuel including aviation biofuel public policies, production technologies, physico-chemical properties, combustion performances, techno-economics of sustainable fuel production, sustainability and energywater-food (EWF) nexus. This must-have book also charts the current state of the industry by discussing the relevant industry players who are currently producing alternative aviation fuels and flight tests, while also providing a glimpse of the future of the industry. This comprehensive book is written for undergraduate students, postgraduate students, researchers, engineers and policy makers wanting to build up knowledge in the specific area of biojet fuel or the broader fields of sustainable energy and aeronautics. - Reviews major aviation and biojet fuel policies, legislations, initiatives and roadmaps around the world - Features existing and emerging biojet fuel production pathways from various feedstocks - Highlights the key properties of biojet fuels that ensures inter-operability with conventional jet aviation fuel - Discusses the economic aspects of the biojet fuel industry and the barriers preventing its commercialisation - Examines the sustainability of biojet fuel from a life cycle assessment, energy balance and EWF nexus point of views

Wind Turbine Power Optimization Technology

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Author :
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3039289330
Total Pages : 138 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (392 download)

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Book Synopsis Wind Turbine Power Optimization Technology by : Francesco Castellani

Download or read book Wind Turbine Power Optimization Technology written by Francesco Castellani and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-05-27 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wind turbines are one of the most promising renewable energy technologies, and this motivates fertile research activity about developments in power optimization. This topic covers a wide range of aspects, from the research on aerodynamics and control design to the industrial applications about on-site wind turbine performance control and monitoring. This Special Issue collects seven research papers about several innovative aspects of the multi-faceted topic of wind turbine power optimization technology. The seven research papers deal respectively with the aerodynamic optimization of wind turbine blades through Gurney flaps; optimization of blade design for large offshore wind turbines; control design optimization of large wind turbines through the analysis of the competing objectives of energy yield maximization and fatigue loads minimization; design optimization of a tension leg platform for floating wind turbines; innovative methods for the assessment of wind turbine optimization technologies operating on site; optimization of multiple wake interactions modeling through the introduction of a mixing coefficient in the energy balance method; and optimization of the dynamic stall control of vertical-axis wind turbines through plasma actuators. This Special Issue presents remarkable research activities in the timely subject of wind turbine power optimization technology, covering various aspects. The collection is believed to be beneficial to readers and contribute to the wind power industry.

Low Carbon, High Growth

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Author :
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 92 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Low Carbon, High Growth by : Augusto de la Torre

Download or read book Low Carbon, High Growth written by Augusto de la Torre and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2009 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is an increasing consensus in the scientific community that climate change is a real and present threat. Despite the large uncertainty on the timing, magnitude and even the direction of some of the physical and economic effects of this phenomenon, it is widely accepted that these effects will be regionally differentiated and that developing countries and lower income populations will tend to suffer the most. In this context, it is critical that Latin American and Caribbean countries develop their own strategies for adapting to the various impacts of climate change and for contributing to global efforts aimed at mitigation. 'Low Carbon, High Growth' contributes to these efforts by addressing a number of questions related to the causes and consequences of climate change in Latin America. What are the likely impacts of climate change in the region? Which countries and regions will be most affected? What can governments do to tackle the challenges associated with adapting to climate change? What role can Latin America and the Caribbean play in the area of climate change mitigation? How can the international community best help the region respond? While the study does not attempt to provide definitive answers to these questions, its goal is to contribute new information and analysis to help inform the public policy debate on this important issue.