Biochemical Pharmacology of Acute Ethanol Intoxication and Activation of MAO-B

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (597 download)

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Book Synopsis Biochemical Pharmacology of Acute Ethanol Intoxication and Activation of MAO-B by : S. U. Aliyu

Download or read book Biochemical Pharmacology of Acute Ethanol Intoxication and Activation of MAO-B written by S. U. Aliyu and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Dissertation Abstracts International

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 604 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Dissertation Abstracts International by :

Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

British Reports, Translations and Theses

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 632 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis British Reports, Translations and Theses by : British Library. Document Supply Centre

Download or read book British Reports, Translations and Theses written by British Library. Document Supply Centre and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Levodopa pharmacokinetics -from stomach to brain

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Publisher : Linköping University Electronic Press
ISBN 13 : 9176855570
Total Pages : 72 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (768 download)

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Book Synopsis Levodopa pharmacokinetics -from stomach to brain by : Maria Nord

Download or read book Levodopa pharmacokinetics -from stomach to brain written by Maria Nord and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2019-01-07 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders and it is caused by a loss of dopamine (DA) producing neurons in the basal ganglia in the brain. The PD patient suffers from motor symptoms such as tremor, bradykinesia and rigidity and treatment with levodopa (LD), the precursor of DA, has positive effects on these symptoms. Several factors affect the availability of orally given LD. Gastric emptying (GE) is one factor and it has been shown to be delayed in PD patients resulting in impaired levodopa uptake. Different enzymes metabolize LD on its way from the gut to the brain resulting in less LD available in the brain and more side effects from the metabolites. By adding dopa decarboxylase inhibitors (carbidopa or benserazide) or COMT-inhibitors (e.g. entacapone) the bioavailability of LD increases significantly and more LD can pass the blood-brain-barrier and be converted to DA in the brain. It has been considered of importance to avoid high levodopa peaks in the brain because this seems to induce changes in postsynaptic dopaminergic neurons causing disabling motor complications in PD patients. More continuously given LD, e.g. duodenal or intravenous (IV) infusions, has been shown to improve these motor complications. Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN DBS) has also been proven to improve motor complications and to make it possible to reduce the LD dosage in PD patients. In this doctoral thesis the main purpose is to study the pharmacokinetics of LD in patients with PD and motor complications; in blood and subcutaneous tissue and study the effect of GE and PD stage on LD uptake and the effect of continuously given LD (CDS) on LD uptake and GE; in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) when adding the peripheral enzyme inhibitors entacapone and carbidopa to LD infusion IV; in brain during STN DBSand during oral or IV LD treatment. To conclude, LD uptake is more favorable in PD patients with less severe disease and GE is delayed in PD patients. No obvious relation between LD uptake and GE or between GE and PD stage is seen and CDS decreases the LD levels. Entacapone increases the maximal concentration of LD in blood and CSF. This is more evident with additional carbidopa and important to consider in avoiding high LD peaks in brain during PD treatment. LD in brain increases during both oral and IV LD treatment and the DA levels follows LD well indicating that PD patients still have capacity to metabolize LD to DA despite probable pronounced nigral degeneration. STN DBS seems to increase putaminal DA levels and together with IV LD treatment also increases LD in brain possibly explaining why it is possible to decrease LD medication after STN DBS surgery. Parkinsons sjukdom (PS) är en av de vanligaste s.k. neurodegenerativasjukdomarna och orsakas av förlust av dopamin(DA)producerande nervceller i hjärnan. Detta orsakar motoriska symptom såsom skakningar, stelhet och förlångsammade rörelser. Levodopa (LD) är ett ämne, som kan omvandlas till DA i hjärnan och ge symptomlindring och det är oftast förstahandsval vid behandling av patienter med PS. Flera faktorer påverkar tillgängligheten av LD, bl.a. den hastighet som magsäcken tömmer sig med och denna verkar förlångsammad hos personer med PS vilket ger sämre tillgänglighet av LD i blodet och därmed i hjärnan. LD bryts även ner i hög grad av olika enzym ute i kroppen vilket leder till mindre mängd LD som hamnar i hjärnan och till fler nedbrytningsprodukter som orsakar biverkningar. Tillägg av enzymhämmare leder till ökad mängd LD som kan nå hjärnan och omvandlas till DA. Det anses viktigt att undvika höga toppar av LD i hjärnan då dessa verkar bidra till utvecklandet av besvärliga motoriska komplikationer hos patienter med PS. Om LD ges mer kontinuerligt, exempelvis som en kontinuerlig infusion in i tarmen eller i blodet, så minskar dessa motoriska komplikationer. Inopererande av stimulatorer i vissa delar av hjärnan (DBS) har också visat sig minska dessa motoriska komplikationer och även resultera i att man kan minska LD-dosen. Huvudsyftet med den här avhandlingen är att studera LD hos patienter med PS; i blod och fettvävnad då LD ges i tablettform och se om det finns något samband med LD-upptag och hastigheten på magsäckstömningen (MT) och om kontinuerligt given LD påverkar LD-upptaget eller MT; i blod och i ryggmärgsvätska då enzymhämmarna entakapon och karbidopa tillsätts LD; i hjärna vid behandling med DBS och då LD ges både som tablett och som infusion i blodet. Sammanfattningsvis kan vi se att LD-upptaget är mer gynnsamt hos patienter med PS i tidigare skede av sjukdomens komplikationsfas. MT är förlångsammad hos patienter med PS och det är inget tydligt samband mellan LD-upptag och MT eller mellan MT och sjukdomsgrad. Kontinuerligt given LD minskar LDnivåerna. Enzymhämmaren entakapon ökar den maximala koncentrationen av LD i blod och ryggmärgsvätska och effekten är mer tydlig vid tillägg av karbidopa vilket är viktigt att ta i beaktande vid behandling av PS för att undvika höga toppar av LD i hjärnan. LD ökar i hjärnan då man behandlar med LD i tablettform och som infusion i blodet och DA-nivåerna i hjärnan följer LD väl vilket visar på att patienter med PS fortfarande kan omvandla LD till DA trots trolig uttalad brist av de DA-producerande nervcellerna i hjärnan. DBS verkar öka DA i vissa områden i hjärnan och tillsammans med LD-infusion i blodet verkar det även öka LD i hjärnan och det kan förklara varför man kan sänka LDdosen efter DBS-operation.

Psychopharmacology Abstracts

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1144 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (243 download)

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Download or read book Psychopharmacology Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 1144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 728 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease by : United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General

Download or read book How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease written by United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.

Parkinson's Disease

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Publisher : Royal College of Physicians
ISBN 13 : 1860162835
Total Pages : 243 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (61 download)

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Book Synopsis Parkinson's Disease by : National Collaborating Centre for Chronic Conditions (Great Britain)

Download or read book Parkinson's Disease written by National Collaborating Centre for Chronic Conditions (Great Britain) and published by Royal College of Physicians. This book was released on 2006 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Index Medicus

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 2068 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis Index Medicus by :

Download or read book Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 2068 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vols. for 1963- include as pt. 2 of the Jan. issue: Medical subject headings.

Cumulated Index Medicus

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1840 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (243 download)

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Book Synopsis Cumulated Index Medicus by :

Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 1840 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Transporters and Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes in Drug Toxicity

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119170842
Total Pages : 530 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (191 download)

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Book Synopsis Transporters and Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes in Drug Toxicity by : Albert P. Li

Download or read book Transporters and Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes in Drug Toxicity written by Albert P. Li and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-07-27 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: TRANSPORTERS AND DRUG-METABOLIZING ENZYMES IN DRUG TOXICITY Explore up-to-date coverage on the interaction between drug metabolism enzymes, transporters, and drug toxicity with this leading resources Transporters and Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes in Drug Toxicity delivers a comprehensive and updated review of the relationship between drug metabolism, transporters, and toxicity, providing insights into a major challenge in drug development – accurate assessment of human drug toxicity. Combining two disciplines frequently considered independently of one another, the book combines drug metabolism and toxicology with a focus on the role of biotransformation on drug toxicity and as a major factor for species and individual differences. Mechanism and species differences in drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters are discussed, as are the methods used to investigate the role of drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters in drug toxicity. Finally, the distinguished authors describe promising new experimental approaches to accurately assessing human drug toxicity via the consideration of human-specific drug metabolism in toxicity assays. In addition to topics as diverse as extended clearance models, experimental approaches for the estimation of DILI potential of drug candidates and roles of transporters in renal drug toxicity, readers will also enjoy the inclusion of such subjects as: A thorough overview of and introduction to drug metabolism and transporters and drug toxicity An exploration of drug metabolism enzymes and transporter activities as risk factors of marketed drugs associated with drug-induced fatalities A discussion of human-based in vitro experimental models for the evaluation of metabolism-dependent drug toxicity A treatment of mechanism-based experimental models for the evaluation of BSEP inhibition and DILI An examination of transporters and cochlea toxicity Perfect for scientists, students, and practitioners with interests in metabolism, toxicology, and drug development in the pharmaceutical industry, Transporters and Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes in Drug Toxicity will also earn a place in the libraries of medicinal chemists, pharmacologists, biochemists, toxicologists, and regulators in the pharmaceutical and health industries.

Concepts and Principles of Pharmacology

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030353621
Total Pages : 466 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Concepts and Principles of Pharmacology by : James E. Barrett

Download or read book Concepts and Principles of Pharmacology written by James E. Barrett and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-12-24 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Celebrating 100 years of HEP, this volume will discuss key pharmacological discoveries and concepts of the past 100 years. These discoveries have dramatically changed the medical treatment paradigms of many diseases and these concepts have and will continue to shape discovery of new medicinies. Newly evolving technologies will similarly be discussed as they will shape the future of the pharmacology and, accordingly, medical therapy.

The Diagnosis and Management of Agitation

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 110714812X
Total Pages : 297 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis The Diagnosis and Management of Agitation by : Scott L. Zeller

Download or read book The Diagnosis and Management of Agitation written by Scott L. Zeller and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-02-15 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A practical guide to the origins and treatment options for agitation, a common symptom of psychiatric and neurologic disorders.

The world according to zebrafish: How neural circuits generate behaviour

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Publisher : Frontiers E-books
ISBN 13 : 2889193284
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (891 download)

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Book Synopsis The world according to zebrafish: How neural circuits generate behaviour by : Gonzalo G. De Polavieja

Download or read book The world according to zebrafish: How neural circuits generate behaviour written by Gonzalo G. De Polavieja and published by Frontiers E-books. This book was released on 2014-11-07 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding how the brain functions is one of the most ambitious current scientific goals. This challenge will only be accomplish by a multidisciplinary approach involving genetics, molecular biology, optics, ethology, neurobiology and mathematics and using tractable model systems. The zebrafish larva is a transparent genetically tractable small vertebrate, ideal for the combination state-of-the- art imaging techniques (e.g. two-photon scanning microscopy, single-plane illumination microscopy, spatial light modulator microscopy and lightfield microscopy), bioluminiscence and optogenetics to monitor and manipulate neuronal activity from single specific neurons up to the entire brain, in an intact behaving organism. Furthermore, the zebrafish model offers large and increasing collection of mutant and transgenic lines modelling human brain diseases. With these advantages in hand, the zebrafish larva became in the recent years, a novel animal model to study neuronal circuits and behaviour, taking us closer than ever before to understand how the brain controls behaviour.

Neurotoxic Factors in Parkinson’s Disease and Related Disorders

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461512697
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)

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Book Synopsis Neurotoxic Factors in Parkinson’s Disease and Related Disorders by : Alexander Storch

Download or read book Neurotoxic Factors in Parkinson’s Disease and Related Disorders written by Alexander Storch and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book stems from the 2nd Parkinson's Disease Symposium on Neurotoxic Factors in Parkinson's Disease and Related Disorders, held on Augus 6-7, 1999 at the University of Ulm Medical School in Ulm at the Danube in Germany. The specific topic, neurotoxic factors in Parkinson's Disease, involves neurobiological, epidemiological and environmental factors that bring to light this second most common neurodegenerative disorder. This work is compiled by leading researchers in neurodegeneration from around the world, making it a unique, comprehensive, and useful publication.

Hepatology

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 862 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Hepatology by : David Zakim

Download or read book Hepatology written by David Zakim and published by . This book was released on 2002-08 with total page 862 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The thoroughly revised New Edition presents definitive coverage of liver disease from over 100 expert contributors. Streamlined to cover the scientific aspects of liver disease only as they apply to immediate clinical implications, this 2-volume resource presents information on pathology, pathophysiology, and clinical diagnosis and management in a readable, engaging format. From normal liver function and the systemic effects of liver dysfunction, through etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment, you'll find accurate, up-to-date information page after page.

Toxicology in the Use, Misuse, and Abuse of Food, Drugs, and Chemicals

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 426 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Toxicology in the Use, Misuse, and Abuse of Food, Drugs, and Chemicals by : European Society of Toxicology. Meeting

Download or read book Toxicology in the Use, Misuse, and Abuse of Food, Drugs, and Chemicals written by European Society of Toxicology. Meeting and published by Springer. This book was released on 1983-08 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many chemotherapeutic agents introduced for use in humans are carcinogenic in laboratory animals (Conklin et al. 1965; Shimkin et al. 1966; Griswold et al. 1968; Harris 1976). However, initially their beneficial effect in disseminated cancer was of such short duration that the inevitable death of the patient from his primary disease precluded any clinical manifestation of the carcinogenic potential. During the last decade, chemotherapy has radically changed the outlook for many patients with cancer. Combinations of drugs, administered as the primary treatment, have resulted in high rates of cure in patients with disseminated malignancies, such as stage IV Hodgkin's disease or childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia. In other disseminated forms of neoplasia, induction of a remission, a substantial palliation and a prolongation of survival have been achieved. In many instances of localised disease, where surgery with or without radiotherapy are the primary form of treatment, anticancer drugs have been used with success as adjuvant therapy for distant microscopic disease. With these spectacular achievements, secondary malignancies, in particular acute non-lymphocytic leukemia (ANLL), has become of major concern. Incidence Acute leukemia is the most frequent form of secondary neoplasia in patients treated for cancer (Penn 1981). In one large series, 5. 9% of all ANLL could be attributed to previous chemotherapy (Kapadia et al. 1980).

The American Psychiatric Association Practice Guideline for the Pharmacological Treatment of Patients With Alcohol Use Disorder

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Publisher : American Psychiatric Pub
ISBN 13 : 0890426821
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis The American Psychiatric Association Practice Guideline for the Pharmacological Treatment of Patients With Alcohol Use Disorder by : American Psychiatric Association

Download or read book The American Psychiatric Association Practice Guideline for the Pharmacological Treatment of Patients With Alcohol Use Disorder written by American Psychiatric Association and published by American Psychiatric Pub. This book was released on 2018-01-11 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a major public health problem in the United States. The estimated 12-month and lifetime prevalence values for AUD are 13.9% and 29.1%, respectively, with approximately half of individuals with lifetime AUD having a severe disorder. AUD and its sequelae also account for significant excess mortality and cost the United States more than $200 billion annually. Despite its high prevalence and numerous negative consequences, AUD remains undertreated. In fact, fewer than 1 in 10 individuals in the United States with a 12-month diagnosis of AUD receive any treatment. Nevertheless, effective and evidence-based interventions are available, and treatment is associated with reductions in the risk of relapse and AUD-associated mortality. The American Psychiatric Association Practice Guideline for the Pharmacological Treatment of Patients With Alcohol Use Disorder seeks to reduce these substantial psychosocial and public health consequences of AUD for millions of affected individuals. The guideline focuses specifically on evidence-based pharmacological treatments for AUD in outpatient settings and includes additional information on assessment and treatment planning, which are an integral part of using pharmacotherapy to treat AUD. In addition to reviewing the available evidence on the use of AUD pharmacotherapy, the guideline offers clear, concise, and actionable recommendation statements, each of which is given a rating that reflects the level of confidence that potential benefits of an intervention outweigh potential harms. The guideline provides guidance on implementing these recommendations into clinical practice, with the goal of improving quality of care and treatment outcomes of AUD.