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Bias And Accuracy In Childrens Perceived Acceptance
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Book Synopsis Bias and Accuracy in Children's Perceived Acceptance by :
Download or read book Bias and Accuracy in Children's Perceived Acceptance written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study revealed the following main findings: 1) children are more accurate in determining their peer acceptance among reference groups of similar sex and ethnicity, 2) girls have overly positive whereas boys have overly negative perceptions of their peer acceptance among same-sex peers at the dyadic level, and 3) African American children tend to overestimate peer acceptance whereas Caucasian children are likely to underestimate their peer acceptance, although the pattern of results differed slightly for dyadic and general bias. This investigation has extended prior research by identifying the sex and ethnicity of children whose self-perceptions are not in line with their actual level of peer acceptance as well as the composition of those peer groups who pose the greatest challenge for them when making decisions regarding their peer acceptance.
Book Synopsis The Accuracy of Children's Perceptions and Their Peer Acceptance by : Christine Van Gessel
Download or read book The Accuracy of Children's Perceptions and Their Peer Acceptance written by Christine Van Gessel and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: This study examined social information processing theory's predictions that the accuracy of children's perceptions is associated with their peer acceptance. Specifically, it evaluated concurrent and prospective associations between the accuracy of children's perceptions and their peer acceptance, assessed by sociometric status and by positive and negative peer nominations. In addition, this study evaluated if accuracy was associated with acceptance, independent of the influence of bias. Sex and aggression were evaluated as potential moderators of these relationships. In addition, this study examined possible differences in accuracy for rejected-aggressive subtypes of children. Peer nomination and peer rating data were collected from a sample of 663 third through fifth grade children, 389 of whom were classified as popular, average, or rejected sociometric status. Hierarchical regression analyses and analyses of variance were conducted. Results provided some support for social information processing theory, as inaccurate perceptions were concurrently associated with less peer liking. Level of aggression moderated this relationship. In addition, inaccurate perceptions were associated with more peer disliking for girls, but not for boys. These results remained significant when controlling for bias, suggesting that accuracy and bias are unique measures of off-target perceptions. Accuracy did not predict changes in acceptance over the course of one academic year. When rejected-aggressive subtypes were evaluated separately, rejected-aggressive girls were more inaccurate than their peers, but there were no group differences for boys. With the inclusion of bias, group differences became nonsignificant, suggesting that bias differentiated rejected-aggressive girls from their peers.
Book Synopsis The Interpersonal, Cognitive, and Social Nature of Depression by : Thomas E. Joiner
Download or read book The Interpersonal, Cognitive, and Social Nature of Depression written by Thomas E. Joiner and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To date, no other book has truly integrated the interpersonal, cognitive, and social perspectives on depression research. This book provides that integration and will hopefully stimulate it further. This book also showcases a wide variety of research.
Book Synopsis Understanding Abnormal Child Psychology by : Vicky Phares
Download or read book Understanding Abnormal Child Psychology written by Vicky Phares and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-09-09 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Understanding Abnormal Child Psychology, students will learn about both normative and abnormal development throughout children’s lives. Consistent with previous editions, several themes run throughout the book: Developmental psychopathology: Children's and adolescents' behaviors are on a continuum (from very adaptive to very maladaptive), with only the very severe ends of the spectrum being conceptualized as disorders. Diversity, inclusion, and understanding: Special attention is given to issues of race/ethnicity, gender, family constellation, religious orientation, primary language, socioeconomic status, and physical differences to help students see the commonalities and differences of abnormal child behavior within a cross-cultural and international context. New to the 4th edition Completely revised in both structure and content to reflect the DSM-5 Increase coverage of risk factors related to long-term effects of sexual abuse and bullying. Increased coverage of diversity to include new "diversities" that have emerged as important, i.e. transgender children New research on suicide and suicide prevention
Book Synopsis Psychology: From Inquiry to Understanding by : Scott Lilienfeld
Download or read book Psychology: From Inquiry to Understanding written by Scott Lilienfeld and published by Pearson Higher Education AU. This book was released on 2014-10-01 with total page 849 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Psychology: from inquiry to understanding 2e continues its commitment to emphasise the importance of scientific-thinking skills. It teaches students how to test their assumptions, and motivates them to use scientific thinking skills to better understand the field of psychology in their everyday lives. With leading classic and contemporary research from both Australia and abroad and referencing DSM-5, students will understand the global nature of psychology in the context of Australia’s cultural landscape.
Book Synopsis Reducing Underage Drinking by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Reducing Underage Drinking written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-03-26 with total page 761 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alcohol use by young people is extremely dangerous - both to themselves and society at large. Underage alcohol use is associated with traffic fatalities, violence, unsafe sex, suicide, educational failure, and other problem behaviors that diminish the prospects of future success, as well as health risks â€" and the earlier teens start drinking, the greater the danger. Despite these serious concerns, the media continues to make drinking look attractive to youth, and it remains possible and even easy for teenagers to get access to alcohol. Why is this dangerous behavior so pervasive? What can be done to prevent it? What will work and who is responsible for making sure it happens? Reducing Underage Drinking addresses these questions and proposes a new way to combat underage alcohol use. It explores the ways in which may different individuals and groups contribute to the problem and how they can be enlisted to prevent it. Reducing Underage Drinking will serve as both a game plan and a call to arms for anyone with an investment in youth health and safety.
Download or read book The Self written by Thomas M. Brinthaupt and published by SUNY Press. This book was released on 1992-07-01 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What are the characteristics and dimensions of the self? Is there a best way to measure the self? How does the researchers definition of the self affect the choice of research measure and methods? These are the questions addressed by this book. Unlike previous books on the self, this one provides a systematic analysis of the theoretical and methodological issues involved. It offers a description of several alternative methods for studying the self, and discussions of the advantages and disadvantages of these different approaches. Emphasized here are the phenomenological and experiential nature of the self, its multidimensionality and hierarchical structure, and the relationship between defining and measuring the self. Among the methodological issues addressed are the impact of significant others on the self, the factors that affect the process of reporting about the self, between-group comparison of self-structure, the structure of the self in relationship to others, and the effects of differing cultural contexts.
Book Synopsis Anti-Bias Education for Young Children and Ourselves by : Louise Derman-Sparks
Download or read book Anti-Bias Education for Young Children and Ourselves written by Louise Derman-Sparks and published by . This book was released on 2020-04-07 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anti-bias education begins with you! Become a skilled anti-bias teacher with this practical guidance to confronting and eliminating barriers.
Book Synopsis Four Principles in the Study of Bias and Accuracy in Close Relationships by : Tessa V. West
Download or read book Four Principles in the Study of Bias and Accuracy in Close Relationships written by Tessa V. West and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Role of Inner Ear in Self and Environment Perception by : Alexis Bozorg Grayeli
Download or read book Role of Inner Ear in Self and Environment Perception written by Alexis Bozorg Grayeli and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-03-11 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis "You're Biased, and I'm Not:" The Development of Recognizing Biases in the Self Versus Others by : Fadwa B. Elashi
Download or read book "You're Biased, and I'm Not:" The Development of Recognizing Biases in the Self Versus Others written by Fadwa B. Elashi and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although children have been shown to recognize biases in the early elementary school years, the prior research has only examined their recognition of biases committed by others. Given that adults have been shown to be blind to biases committed by themselves but not to biases committed by others (i.e., bias blind spot), three experiments examined whether and how the bias blind spot develops. Eighty-eight 7- to 10-year-olds (and 38 adults in Experiments 1 and 2, only) heard explanations of 16 behaviors that were biased or unbiased in nature, and were asked to rate how likely they think they and a specific other (Experiment 1) or an average child (Experiment 2) would commit the behaviors. Children were also asked to indicate their perceptions of each bias by marking each bias as either acceptable or not acceptable to commit. All age groups demonstrated self-other differences by rating themselves as less likely than others to commit biases, with 9- and 10-year-olds showing stronger self-other differences than 7- and 8-year-olds in Experiment 2. These self-other differences were present even after children exhibited the very bias they were evaluating (Experiment 3). Interestingly, the self-other differences observed for the biased stories were stronger than those observed for the unbiased stories (except for in Experiment 3). Compared to children, adults also reported that others are more likely to commit biases than themselves (although it was in the opposite direction in Experiment 1). Finally, children's perception of the biases was related to their willingness to admit to the biases (although a trend in Experiment 2) and, in some cases, related to their willingness to admit to others' biases. These findings suggest that, as early as when children begin to recognize biases committed by others, they are blind to the possibility that they also may have committed biases. Further discussion of these findings is discussed in the manuscript.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Self-Knowledge by : Simine Vazire
Download or read book Handbook of Self-Knowledge written by Simine Vazire and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2012-05-21 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This authoritative handbook reviews the state of the science of self-knowledge, a key emerging area in psychology. Leading investigators describe innovative theory and research that is shedding new light on how—and how accurately—people perceive their own traits, thoughts, feelings, behavior, and relationships. Coverage encompasses the behavioral, mental, biological, and social structures that underlie self-knowledge; approaches to studying self-beliefs in specific domains; and the motives and biases that influence accuracy. The volume explores the personal and societal benefits of self-knowledge and also considers possible ways to enhance it.
Book Synopsis Overcoming Cognitive Biases in Strategic Management and Decision Making by : Siniksaran, Enis
Download or read book Overcoming Cognitive Biases in Strategic Management and Decision Making written by Siniksaran, Enis and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2024-02-12 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The persistent presence of cognitive biases has influenced rational decisions and strategic management since the 1970s. These prejudiced errors in judgment, often systematic and predictable, breach the foundational assumptions of economic theory, leading to dire consequences such as social inequality, financial collapse, and governmental inefficiency. Even the brightest minds are not immune, making it crucial to address these biases head-on. Overcoming Cognitive Biases in Strategic Management and Decision Making unravels the complex tapestry of biases that infiltrate decision-making processes at all levels. From social injustice biases and reasoning errors to action-inaction and social biases, the book confronts the myriad of ways that biases manifest in critical moments. These pose a significant threat to sound decision-making in various fields, impacting professionals ranging from judges and doctors to public officials. The repercussions of unchecked biases are far-reaching, leading to flawed outcomes that echo through society. The urgent need for a strategic response to mitigate these biases and enhance decision-making processes forms the crux of the problem this book seeks to address.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Race, Racism, and the Developing Child by : Stephen M. Quintana
Download or read book Handbook of Race, Racism, and the Developing Child written by Stephen M. Quintana and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-07-10 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Filling a critical void in the literature, Race, Racism, and the Developing Child provides an important source of information for researchers, psychologists, and students on the recent advances in the unique developmental and social features of race and racism in children's lives. Thorough and accessible, this timely reference draws on an international collection of experts and scholars representing the breadth of perspectives, theoretical traditions, and empirical approaches in this field.
Book Synopsis The Palgrave Handbook of Child Mental Health by : Jessica Nina Lester
Download or read book The Palgrave Handbook of Child Mental Health written by Jessica Nina Lester and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-17 with total page 653 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A landmark publication in the field, this state of the art reference work includes contributions from leading thinkers across a range of disciplines on topics including ADHD, autism, depression, eating disorders and trauma. It is an essential resource for all those involved or interested in child mental health.
Book Synopsis The SAGE Handbook of Personality and Individual Differences by : Virgil Zeigler-Hill
Download or read book The SAGE Handbook of Personality and Individual Differences written by Virgil Zeigler-Hill and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2018-05-08 with total page 1048 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The examination of personality and individual differences is a major field of research in the modern discipline of psychology. Concerned with the ways humans develop an organised set of characteristics to shape themselves and the world around them, it is a study of how people come to be ‘different′ and ‘similar′ to others, on both an individual and a cultural level. This volume explores the scientific foundations of personality and individual differences, in chapters arranged across three thematic sections: Part 1: Theoretical Perspectives on Personality and Individual Differences Part 2: Research Strategies for Studying Personality and Individual Differences Part 3: The Measurement of Personality and Individual Differences With outstanding contributions from leading scholars across the world, this is an invaluable resource for researchers and graduate students.
Book Synopsis The Handbook of Speech Perception by : Jennifer S. Pardo
Download or read book The Handbook of Speech Perception written by Jennifer S. Pardo and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-03-31 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A wide-ranging and authoritative volume exploring contemporary perceptual research on speech, updated with new original essays by leading researchers Speech perception is a dynamic area of study that encompasses a wide variety of disciplines, including cognitive neuroscience, phonetics, linguistics, physiology and biophysics, auditory and speech science, and experimental psychology. The Handbook of Speech Perception, Second Edition, is a comprehensive and up-to-date survey of technical and theoretical developments in perceptual research on human speech. Offering a variety of perspectives on the perception of spoken language, this volume provides original essays by leading researchers on the major issues and most recent findings in the field. Each chapter provides an informed and critical survey, including a summary of current research and debate, clear examples and research findings, and discussion of anticipated advances and potential research directions. The timely second edition of this valuable resource: Discusses a uniquely broad range of both foundational and emerging issues in the field Surveys the major areas of the field of human speech perception Features newly commissioned essays on the relation between speech perception and reading, features in speech perception and lexical access, perceptual identification of individual talkers, and perceptual learning of accented speech Includes essential revisions of many chapters original to the first edition Offers critical introductions to recent research literature and leading field developments Encourages the development of multidisciplinary research on speech perception Provides readers with clear understanding of the aims, methods, challenges, and prospects for advances in the field The Handbook of Speech Perception, Second Edition, is ideal for both specialists and non-specialists throughout the research community looking for a comprehensive view of the latest technical and theoretical accomplishments in the field.
