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Better Policies Russia Modernising The Economy
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Book Synopsis Better Policies Russia: Modernising the economy by : OECD
Download or read book Better Policies Russia: Modernising the economy written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2013-04-15 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on the OECD’s expertise in comparing country experiences and identifying best practices, this book tailors the OECD’s policy advice to the specific and timely priorities of Russia, focusing on how its government can make reform happen.
Book Synopsis Bear Traps on Russia's Road to Modernization by : Clifford G. Gaddy
Download or read book Bear Traps on Russia's Road to Modernization written by Clifford G. Gaddy and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-08-21 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bear Traps examines Russia’s longer term economic growth prospects. It argues that Russia’s growth challenges are conventionally misdiagnosed and examines the reasons why: a spatial misallocation that imposes excess costs on production and investment; distortions to human capital; an excessively high relative price of investment that serves as a tax on physical capital accumulation; and an economic mechanism that inhibits adjustments that would correct the misallocation. Bear Traps explains why Soviet legacies still constrain economic growth and outlines a feasible policy path that could remove these obstacles. The most popular proposals for Russian economic reform today — diversification, innovation, modernization — are misguided. They are based on a faulty diagnosis of the country’s ills, because they ignore a simple reality: Russia’s capital, both physical and human, is systematically overvalued, owing to a failure to account for the handicap imposed by geography and location. Part of the handicap is an unavoidable consequence of Russia’s size and cold climate. But another part is self-inflicted. Soviet policies placed far too much economic activity in cold, remote locations. Specific institutions in today’s Russia, notably its federalist structure, help preserve the Soviet spatial legacy. As a result, capital remains handicapped. Investments made to compensate for the handicaps of cold and distance should properly be treated as costs. Instead, they are considered net additions to capital. When returns to what appear to be large quantities of physical and human capital fail to satisfy expectations, the blame naturally goes to poor institutions, corruption, backward technology, and so on. Policy proceeds along the wrong path, with costly programs that can end up doing more damage than good. The authors insist that the goal should be to seek to remove the handicaps rather than to spend to compensate for them. They discuss how Russia could develop a modernization program that would let the nation finally focus on its economic advantages, not its handicaps.
Book Synopsis Russian Modernization by : Markku Kivinen
Download or read book Russian Modernization written by Markku Kivinen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-11-29 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Building on an original interpretation of social theory and an interdisciplinary approach, this book creates a new paradigm in the Russian studies. Taking a fresh view of Russia’s multiple experiences of modernization, it seeks to explain the Putin era in a completely new way. This book explores the paradoxical and contradictory aspects of Russia, analyzing the energy-dependent economy and hybrid political regime, but also religion, welfare, and culture, and their often complex interrelations. Written by a community of both Western and Russian scholars, this book re-affirms the value of social science when confronting a society that has undergone enormous and costly systematic changes. The Russian elites see modernization narrowly as economic and technological competitiveness. The contributors to this volume see contemporary Russia facing a series of antinomies, which are macro-level dilemmas that cannot be abolished, either by philosophical mediation or by immediate political decisions. As such, they are the tension fields that constitute choices for various competing agencies. This book will be of interest to scholars and students of Russian studies, transition studies, sociology, social policy, political science, energy policy, cultural studies, and stratification studies. Professionals involved in energy, ecology, and security policy will also find this publication a rich source.
Book Synopsis Restructuring, Stabilizing and Modernizing the New Russia by : Paul J.J. Welfens
Download or read book Restructuring, Stabilizing and Modernizing the New Russia written by Paul J.J. Welfens and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Russia has embarked upon a difficult process of systemic transformation and economic opening up. While the initial strong GDP decline seemed to have ended in 1997, the real development was facing even more difficult problems as output declined sharply after the Ruble and banking crisis of August 1998: inflation started to increase again, exports and imports were falling, capital flight increasing and unemployment rising. There is broad disappointment in Russia regarding the transformation failure in 1998 since so many people had hoped that the end of the Soviet command economy would bring democracy, prosperity and international integration. While Poland has been able to double per capita income in the 1990s it has fallen by 50% in Russia and this despite considerable IMF involvement and some (modest) support from other international organizations. What were the reasons for transformation failure in the 1990s? What are the ingredients for long term sustainable transformation? What are the internal and international requirements to avoid a second - possibly tragic - failure of transformation in Russia? An international group of researchers has focussed on these problems during a two-year research project financed by the Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach Foundation. A series of papers were presented at workshops in Potsdam, Bonn and Moscow in 1999 where this book is devoted to four important issues: the Russian transformation crisis, the topic of restructuring, the need for stabilizing Russia and the requirements for modernizing Russia.
Book Synopsis Putin's Russia: Economy, Defence And Foreign Policy by : Steven Rosefielde
Download or read book Putin's Russia: Economy, Defence And Foreign Policy written by Steven Rosefielde and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2020-08-27 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume seeks to fill the vacuum created by the Joint Economic Committee of Congress's decision to cease publishing comprehensive assessments of Russia's performance and potential. It provides readers with authoritative descriptions of Russia's economy, military prowess and international ambitions. The volume does not settle controversies, but does provide readers with an objective basis for assessing Russia's prospects without the distortions caused by fake news and disinformation wars.
Book Synopsis Russia in the 21st century: Policy. Economy. Culture by :
Download or read book Russia in the 21st century: Policy. Economy. Culture written by and published by Russia in the 21st century. This book was released on with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of the Russian Economy by : Michael Alexeev
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of the Russian Economy written by Michael Alexeev and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-06-04 with total page 864 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By 1999, Russia's economy was growing at almost 7% per year, and by 2008 reached 11th place in the world GDP rankings. Russia is now the world's second largest producer and exporter of oil, the largest producer and exporter of natural gas, and as a result has the third largest stock of foreign exchange reserves in the world, behind only China and Japan. But while this impressive economic growth has raised the average standard of living and put a number of wealthy Russians on the Forbes billionaires list, it has failed to solve the country's deep economic and social problems inherited from the Soviet times. Russia continues to suffer from a distorted economic structure, with its low labor productivity, heavy reliance on natural resource extraction, low life expectancy, high income inequality, and weak institutions. While a voluminous amount of literature has studied various individual aspects of the Russian economy, in the West there has been no comprehensive and systematic analysis of the socialist legacies, the current state, and future prospects of the Russian economy gathered in one book. The Oxford Handbook of the Russian Economy fills this gap by offering a broad range of topics written by the best Western and Russian scholars of the Russian economy. While the book's focus is the current state of the Russian economy, the first part of the book also addresses the legacy of the Soviet command economy and offers an analysis of institutional aspects of Russia's economic development over the last decade. The second part covers the most important sectors of the economy. The third part examines the economic challenges created by the gigantic magnitude of regional, geographic, ethnic, religious and linguistic diversity of Russia. The fourth part covers various social issues, including health, education, and demographic challenges. It will also examine broad policy challenges, including the tax system, rule of law, as well as corruption and the underground economy. Michael Alexeev and Shlomo Weber provide for the first time in one volume a complete, well-rounded, and essential look at the complex, emerging Russian economy.
Book Synopsis Benefits and Risks of Political Modernization in Russia by : Irina Busygina
Download or read book Benefits and Risks of Political Modernization in Russia written by Irina Busygina and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Government-proclaimed desire to promote technological innovations and boost economic growth in Russia implies the need for the state to take an active role in economy and to provide the right stimuli and guarantees for investors. Since the Russian state under the current political regime lacks trust and credibility, and since the actions of the state to promote innovative economic development as well as its likelihood to succeed would depend on its type and characteristics, the economic agenda would demand its democratization. For entrepreneurs and investors, the Russian state in its current form is inefficient, ridden by corruption, lacks accountability and is unpredictable. Most importantly, it cannot credibly commit to respect property rights and sustain the rules. The democratic reform, in ideal, could modernize the Russian state and make it simultaneously strong, limited, accountable, conducive to good governance, and, thus, an effective agent of economic modernization. Yet the same Russian leadership that sees and proclaims the vital importance of economic and technological innovations is reluctant to engage in political modernization, attempting instead to improve the existing model of governance by administrative methods. We explain such reluctance with the heightened political risks from the democratic reform for the stability of the current political regime. In what follows we show that 1) high uncertainty and significant costs of the political reforms accrue before one could expect their positive effects on the economy, and 2) due to the specifics of the Russian political system, the transitional period is expected to last longer and, therefore, be on the whole even riskier and costlier. Thus, we are quite pessimistic about the short and medium term perspectives of the economic innovations program in Russia. On one hand, the current political regime cannot provide “good governance” and credible commitment to form and sustain incentives for domestic and international businesses to invest into technological innovations in Russia. The existing political regime is more suitable for the status-quo economy based on natural monopolies exporting raw materials, metals and energy. On the other hand, anticipation of high costs and risks of political reforms make the choice to pursue them rather unlikely, and even less so during the forthcoming electoral cycle of 2011-12. In any case, political reforms would not have their desirable positive effect on the economy for a number of years.
Book Synopsis Authoritarian Modernization in Russia by : Vladimir Gel'man
Download or read book Authoritarian Modernization in Russia written by Vladimir Gel'man and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-08-12 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Post-Communist Russia is an instance of the phenomenon of authoritarian modernization project, which is perceived as a set of policies intended to achieve a high level of economic development, while political freedoms remain beyond the current modernization agenda or are postponed to a distant future. Why did Russia (unlike many countries of post-Communist Europe) pursue authoritarian modernization after the Soviet collapse? What is the ideational agenda behind this project and why does it dominate Russia’s post-Communist political landscape? What are the mechanisms of political governance, which maintain this project and how have they adopted and absorbed various democratic institutions and practices? Why has this project brought such diverse results in various policy arenas, and why have the consequences of certain policies become so controversial? Why, despite so many controversies, shortcomings and flaws, has this project remained attractive in the eyes of a large proportion of the Russian elite and ordinary citizens? This volume intended to place some of these questions on the research agenda and propose several answers, encouraging further discussions about the logic and mechanisms of the authoritarian modernization project in post-Communist Russia and its effects on Russia’s politics, economy, and society.
Book Synopsis Economic and Legal Foundations of Modern Russian Society by : Elena G. Popkova
Download or read book Economic and Legal Foundations of Modern Russian Society written by Elena G. Popkova and published by IAP. This book was released on 2017-12-01 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern societies develop very quickly. However, along with rapid economic growth, comes risk to the economic system. That is why there is a need for study of the institutional base on which modern society is built to enable more effective management and better forecasting for further development. Existing studies and publications on the economic and legal foundations of modern society do not take into account the institutional aspects of its development and thus do not fully reflect its sense and content. This book aims to fill this gap in scientific knowledge. This book views the economic and legal foundations of modern society through the lens of a new institutional theory in relation to Russia. The author focuses on Russia – a unique economic system with a developing market, involved in the processes of international economic globalization and integration. The author analyzes actual problems and perspectives of the development of the modern Russian economy through the prism of a new institutional theory. Institutional theory allows for determination and analyzing foundation of society functioning, and “rules of the game”. Without understanding the institutional foundations, consideration of applied issues of development of economy will be fragmentary, as it would be impossible to understand the logic of existing status quo and perspectives of its change in future. This book should fill this gap in modern scientific knowledge.
Book Synopsis Russia's Economic Modernization Policy and Implications for Cooperation Between Korea and Russia by : Boogyun Kang
Download or read book Russia's Economic Modernization Policy and Implications for Cooperation Between Korea and Russia written by Boogyun Kang and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of Russia's economic modernization policy is to transform the economy, heavily dependent on energy exports, into an innovation-based economy. There are diverse views as to the achievements and limits of Russia's economic modernization policy. The Russian leadership considers the discussions over goals, policy directions and priority sectors of the modernization policy to be yet unfinished. Meanwhile, experts do agree in general that economic modernization is a laudable policy direction for sustainable development and that the government's willingness, efficient operation of the constituent mechanisms, improving the investment environment through intensive structural reforms, and promoting innovation of SMEs through political and financial methods are critical factors for the policy's success. Recently, the Russian government has shown a tendency to include economic reform tasks such as nurturing import substitute industries and SMEs in economic modernization policies. This reflects Russia's reality in which comprehensive reforms led by the government are urgently called for. The five sectors - energy efficiency, nuclear technology, ICT, space technology, and medical and pharmaceutical technology - are still Russia's key priority, and the industries are discussed as core agendas by the Council for Economic Modernization and Innovative Development, the control tower of the policy.Based on the findings of this study, measures for Korea-Russia cooperation in terms of Russia's economic modernization policy are suggested as follows. First, a Korea-Russia business forum for innovative venture companies should be held simultaneously when the Korea-Russia Joint Committee on Economic, Scientific and Technological Cooperation convenes. Second, it is necessary to open a Korea Innovation Center (KIC) in Moscow and set up cooperative relations with the implementing agencies of the economic modernization policy.Third, the next generation's human resources should be nurtured to enhance scientific and technological cooperation between Korea and Russia. Fourth, Russia's special industrial and innovative economic zones can be utilized as a platform for Korea-Russia cooperation. Fifth, launching a Korean-Russian portal site for economic modernization and innovation will be helpful in strengthening bilateral cooperation.
Book Synopsis Modernisation in Russia since 1900 by : Markku Kangaspuro
Download or read book Modernisation in Russia since 1900 written by Markku Kangaspuro and published by BoD - Books on Demand. This book was released on 2021-04-07 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modernisation has been a constant theme in Russian history at least since Peter the Great launched a series of initiatives aimed at closing the economic, technical and cultural gap between Russia and the more 'advanced' countries of Europe. All of the leaders of the Soviet Union and post-Soviet Russia have been intensely aware of this gap, and have pursued a number of strategies, some more successful than others, in order to modernise the country. But it would be wrong to view modernisation as a unilinear process which was the exclusive preserve of the state. Modernisation has had profound effects on Russian society, and the attitudes of different social groups have been crucial to the success and failure of modernisation. This volume examines the broad theme of modernisation in late imperial, Soviet, and post-Soviet Russia both through general overviews of particular topics, and specific case studies of modernisation projects and their impact. Modernisation is seen not just as an economic policy, but as a cultural and social phenomenon reflected through such diverse themes as ideology, welfare, education, gender relations, transport, political reform, and the Internet. The result is the most up to date and comprehensive survey of modernisation in Russia available, which highlights both one of the perennial problems and the challenges and prospects for contemporary Russia.
Book Synopsis Russia's Economic Modernization by : Christopher B. Carson
Download or read book Russia's Economic Modernization written by Christopher B. Carson and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A successful outcome of Russian President Medvedev's recent economic modernization plan, also known as "Smart Russia," could result in a more democratic and prosperous Russia. However, corruption and an energy dependent economy in Russia continue to exist as the main barriers in preventing substantial economic liberalization and a transition to a higher level of economic development. Failure by the Russian leadership to address these issues could result in future economic and political turmoil, potentially leading to a more fragile Russian state. The understanding of corruption within an energy dependent economy, and the international tools available in Russia's economic modernization process, are critical to establishing effective U.S. foreign policy and economic partnerships. To better understand the difficult steps that lie ahead for Russia, an economic statistical analysis, using global economic indexes, was conducted in a three scenario framework to determine which criteria Russia needs to improve in to ensure a transition to the next stage of economic development. The results of the analysis present crucial evidence for a successful economic transition. Failure by the U.S. and the West to adequately understand Russia's modernization challenges could result in a missed opportunity for future Russian political and economic liberalization.
Book Synopsis Modernization from the Other Shore by : David C. Engerman
Download or read book Modernization from the Other Shore written by David C. Engerman and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2004-01-15 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the late nineteenth century to the eve of World War II, America's experts on Russia watched as Russia and the Soviet Union embarked on a course of rapid industrialization. Captivated by the idea of modernization, diplomats, journalists, and scholars across the political spectrum rationalized the enormous human cost of this path to progress. In a fascinating examination of this crucial era, David Engerman underscores the key role economic development played in America's understanding of Russia and explores its profound effects on U.S. policy. American intellectuals from George Kennan to Samuel Harper to Calvin Hoover understood Russian events in terms of national character. Many of them used stereotypes of Russian passivity, backwardness, and fatalism to explain the need for--and the costs of--Soviet economic development. These costs included devastating famines that left millions starving while the government still exported grain. This book is a stellar example of the new international history that seamlessly blends cultural and intellectual currents with policymaking and foreign relations. It offers valuable insights into the role of cultural differences and the shaping of economic policy for developing nations even today.
Book Synopsis Russian Modernisation by : Markku Kivinen
Download or read book Russian Modernisation written by Markku Kivinen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-02-02 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Russia’s post-Soviet modernisation is complex and subject to changing interpretations among Russian political leaders and observers of Russia. This has created serious problems for understanding Russia and the changes it is currently undergoing. With this in mind, a new Finnish Centre of Excellence was established in 2012 at the Aleksanteri Institute of the University of Helsinki under the title ‘Choices of Russian Modernisation’. This collection of essays represents some of the first examples of the Centre’s research. Reflecting the broad range of issues explored in the work of the Centre, it covers questions of Russia’s historical legacy, technological development, energy economy, political regime, political opposition, social development, religious life and external relations. The authors are all members of or affiliated to the Centre of Excellence. This book was originally published as a special issue of Europe-Asia Studies.
Book Synopsis Russia's Economy in an Epoch of Turbulence by : Vladimir Mau
Download or read book Russia's Economy in an Epoch of Turbulence written by Vladimir Mau and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-27 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the course of the last thirty years post-communist Russia has either been struggling with crises, discussing the lessons learned from past crises, or attempting to trace the contours of future crises. Based on the author’s own experiences and his research over this long period, this book traces the logic of the development of the crises and the anti-crisis policies, and shows the continuity, or discontinuity, in determining particular solutions. It demonstrates how perceptions of the priorities for economic policy, and the problems of economic growth and the formation of a new model and its alternatives were formed and how they changed. It also outlines the evolution of ideas about the role of social politics and human capital sectors in addressing anti-crisis and modernization issues, and discusses the changing views on the institutional and structural priorities for Russia’s development. This is an important book on an economic subject of crucial global significance by a leading participant.
Book Synopsis Russian Strategic Modernization by : N. N. Sokov
Download or read book Russian Strategic Modernization written by N. N. Sokov and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2000 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique analysis of Soviet and Russian defense affairs provides an authoritative and thoroughly documented assessment from a former Soviet foreign policy insider. As an active and informed participant, Sokov's discussion of the evolution of the Soviet and Russian strategic posture offers fascinating and illuminating firsthand insights into Soviet weapons systems, elite decisionmaking, and bureaucratic politics during both the Soviet and Russian periods. The book thus casts light not merely on the development of the Soviet ICBM and SLBM programs, but on a much broader spectrum of issues linked to Soviet and Russian security policy formulation. With its combination of informed analysis and use of new documentation, this work will be invaluable for all concerned with U.S.-Russian strategic relations.
