Benchmarks For Science Literacy

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Benchmarks for Science Literacy

Author : American Association for the Advancement of Science
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199840075
Total Pages : 448 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (998 download)

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Book Synopsis Benchmarks for Science Literacy by : American Association for the Advancement of Science

Download or read book Benchmarks for Science Literacy written by American Association for the Advancement of Science and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1994-01-06 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published to glowing praise in 1990, Science for All Americans defined the science-literate American--describing the knowledge, skills, and attitudes all students should retain from their learning experience--and offered a series of recommendations for reforming our system of education in science, mathematics, and technology. Benchmarks for Science Literacy takes this one step further. Created in close consultation with a cross-section of American teachers, administrators, and scientists, Benchmarks elaborates on the recommendations to provide guidelines for what all students should know and be able to do in science, mathematics, and technology by the end of grades 2, 5, 8, and 12. These grade levels offer reasonable checkpoints for student progress toward science literacy, but do not suggest a rigid formula for teaching. Benchmarks is not a proposed curriculum, nor is it a plan for one: it is a tool educators can use as they design curricula that fit their student's needs and meet the goals first outlined in Science for All Americans. Far from pressing for a single educational program, Project 2061 advocates a reform strategy that will lead to more curriculum diversity than is common today. IBenchmarks emerged from the work of six diverse school-district teams who were asked to rethink the K-12 curriculum and outline alternative ways of achieving science literacy for all students. These teams based their work on published research and the continuing advice of prominent educators, as well as their own teaching experience. Focusing on the understanding and interconnection of key concepts rather than rote memorization of terms and isolated facts, Benchmarks advocates building a lasting understanding of science and related fields. In a culture increasingly pervaded by science, mathematics, and technology, science literacy require habits of mind that will enable citizens to understand the world around them, make some sense of new technologies as they emerge and grow, and deal sensibly with problems that involve evidence, numbers, patterns, logical arguments, and technology--as well as the relationship of these disciplines to the arts, humanities, and vocational sciences--making science literacy relevant to all students, regardless of their career paths. If Americans are to participate in a world shaped by modern science and mathematics, a world where technological know-how will offer the keys to economic and political stability in the twenty-first century, education in these areas must become one of the nation's highest priorities. Together with Science for All Americans, Benchmarks for Science Literacy offers a bold new agenda for the future of science education in this country, one that is certain to prepare our children for life in the twenty-first century.

Benchmarks for Science Literacy

Author : American Association for the Advancement of Science
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199726515
Total Pages : 443 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (997 download)

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Book Synopsis Benchmarks for Science Literacy by : American Association for the Advancement of Science

Download or read book Benchmarks for Science Literacy written by American Association for the Advancement of Science and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1994-01-06 with total page 443 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published to glowing praise in 1990, Science for All Americans defined the science-literate American--describing the knowledge, skills, and attitudes all students should retain from their learning experience--and offered a series of recommendations for reforming our system of education in science, mathematics, and technology. Benchmarks for Science Literacy takes this one step further. Created in close consultation with a cross-section of American teachers, administrators, and scientists, Benchmarks elaborates on the recommendations to provide guidelines for what all students should know and be able to do in science, mathematics, and technology by the end of grades 2, 5, 8, and 12. These grade levels offer reasonable checkpoints for student progress toward science literacy, but do not suggest a rigid formula for teaching. Benchmarks is not a proposed curriculum, nor is it a plan for one: it is a tool educators can use as they design curricula that fit their student's needs and meet the goals first outlined in Science for All Americans. Far from pressing for a single educational program, Project 2061 advocates a reform strategy that will lead to more curriculum diversity than is common today. IBenchmarks emerged from the work of six diverse school-district teams who were asked to rethink the K-12 curriculum and outline alternative ways of achieving science literacy for all students. These teams based their work on published research and the continuing advice of prominent educators, as well as their own teaching experience. Focusing on the understanding and interconnection of key concepts rather than rote memorization of terms and isolated facts, Benchmarks advocates building a lasting understanding of science and related fields. In a culture increasingly pervaded by science, mathematics, and technology, science literacy require habits of mind that will enable citizens to understand the world around them, make some sense of new technologies as they emerge and grow, and deal sensibly with problems that involve evidence, numbers, patterns, logical arguments, and technology--as well as the relationship of these disciplines to the arts, humanities, and vocational sciences--making science literacy relevant to all students, regardless of their career paths. If Americans are to participate in a world shaped by modern science and mathematics, a world where technological know-how will offer the keys to economic and political stability in the twenty-first century, education in these areas must become one of the nation's highest priorities. Together with Science for All Americans, Benchmarks for Science Literacy offers a bold new agenda for the future of science education in this country, one that is certain to prepare our children for life in the twenty-first century.

The Language of Science Education

Author : William F. McComas
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9462094977
Total Pages : 12 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis The Language of Science Education by : William F. McComas

Download or read book The Language of Science Education written by William F. McComas and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-30 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Language of Science Education: An Expanded Glossary of Key Terms and Concepts in Science Teaching and Learning is written expressly for science education professionals and students of science education to provide the foundation for a shared vocabulary of the field of science teaching and learning. Science education is a part of education studies but has developed a unique vocabulary that is occasionally at odds with the ways some terms are commonly used both in the field of education and in general conversation. Therefore, understanding the specific way that terms are used within science education is vital for those who wish to understand the existing literature or make contributions to it. The Language of Science Education provides definitions for 100 unique terms, but when considering the related terms that are also defined as they relate to the targeted words, almost 150 words are represented in the book. For instance, “laboratory instruction” is accompanied by definitions for openness, wet lab, dry lab, virtual lab and cookbook lab. Each key term is defined both with a short entry designed to provide immediate access following by a more extensive discussion, with extensive references and examples where appropriate. Experienced readers will recognize the majority of terms included, but the developing discipline of science education demands the consideration of new words. For example, the term blended science is offered as a better descriptor for interdisciplinary science and make a distinction between project-based and problem-based instruction. Even a definition for science education is included. The Language of Science Education is designed as a reference book but many readers may find it useful and enlightening to read it as if it were a series of very short stories.

Atlas of Science Literacy

Author :
Publisher : Aaas Project 2061
ISBN 13 : 9780871686688
Total Pages : 165 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (866 download)

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Book Synopsis Atlas of Science Literacy by :

Download or read book Atlas of Science Literacy written by and published by Aaas Project 2061. This book was released on 2001 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An oversized book with ambitious goals: That's the Atlas of Science Literacy. Asking -- then answering -- such vital questions as: -- What should students learn? -- When should they learn it -- and in what order? -- How does each strand of knowledge connect to other vital threads? This new educational tool from AAAS's Project 2061 graphically depicts connections among the learning goals established in Benchmarks for Science Literacy and Science for All Americans. The Atlas is a collection of 50 linked maps that show exactly how students from kindergarten through 12th grade can expand their understanding and skills toward specific science-literacy goals. But the maps don't just show the sequence of Benchmark ideas that lead to a goal. They also show the connections across different areas of mathematics, technology, and (of course) science -- including gravity, evolution and natural selection, the structure of matter, and the flow of matter and energy in ecosystems. This groundbreaking book is every school's road map to helping children learn science systematically. Using the Atlas of Science Literacy as your guide, trace the prerequisites for learning in each grade, make the connections to support science content, and show the way to the next steps to learning for your students.

Systems for State Science Assessment

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309096626
Total Pages : 249 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Systems for State Science Assessment by : National Research Council

Download or read book Systems for State Science Assessment written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-01-28 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In response to the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB), Systems for State Science Assessment explores the ideas and tools that are needed to assess science learning at the state level. This book provides a detailed examination of K-12 science assessment: looking specifically at what should be measured and how to measure it. Along with reading and mathematics, the testing of science is a key component of NCLBâ€"it is part of the national effort to establish challenging academic content standards and develop the tools to measure student progress toward higher achievement. The book will be a critical resource for states that are designing and implementing science assessments to meet the 2007-2008 requirements of NCLB. In addition to offering important information for states, Systems for State Science Assessment provides policy makers, local schools, teachers, scientists, and parents with a broad view of the role of testing and assessment in science education.

Science Literacy

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309447569
Total Pages : 167 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Science Literacy by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Science Literacy written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-11-14 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Science is a way of knowing about the world. At once a process, a product, and an institution, science enables people to both engage in the construction of new knowledge as well as use information to achieve desired ends. Access to scienceâ€"whether using knowledge or creating itâ€"necessitates some level of familiarity with the enterprise and practice of science: we refer to this as science literacy. Science literacy is desirable not only for individuals, but also for the health and well- being of communities and society. More than just basic knowledge of science facts, contemporary definitions of science literacy have expanded to include understandings of scientific processes and practices, familiarity with how science and scientists work, a capacity to weigh and evaluate the products of science, and an ability to engage in civic decisions about the value of science. Although science literacy has traditionally been seen as the responsibility of individuals, individuals are nested within communities that are nested within societiesâ€"and, as a result, individual science literacy is limited or enhanced by the circumstances of that nesting. Science Literacy studies the role of science literacy in public support of science. This report synthesizes the available research literature on science literacy, makes recommendations on the need to improve the understanding of science and scientific research in the United States, and considers the relationship between scientific literacy and support for and use of science and research.

Benchmarks for Science Literacy on Disk

Author : American Association for the Advancement of Science Staff
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780195099010
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (99 download)

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Book Synopsis Benchmarks for Science Literacy on Disk by : American Association for the Advancement of Science Staff

Download or read book Benchmarks for Science Literacy on Disk written by American Association for the Advancement of Science Staff and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1995-07 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When Benchmarks for Science Literacy was first published, Bruce Alberts, president of the National Academy of Sciences praised it as "another milestone in the long standing effort of Project 2061 to improve the teaching and learning of science for all Americans." Now, the monumental achievement of Benchmarks for Science Literacy is available in a computer disk format for use on IBM-compatible personal computers in MS-DOS. This superb science learning tool enables users to browse, assemble, and print benchmarks in various formats. Users can also review conceptual "strands"--a new tool on the electronic version--that provides sequences of benchmarks that students should progress through on the way toward a specific science-literacy goal. In addition, teachers can brainstorm about how to coordinate seemingly unrelated benchmarks by using "benchmark roulette," a function which creates a random sample of six benchmarks, at two grade levels, that can be used as a basis for discussion. Benchmarks for Science Literacy on Disk greatly enhances the capablities of its companion book, alllowing teachers to tailor searches that are relevant to the grades and subjects they teach. Both quick and easy to use, this extraordinary program allows instant reference access to the entire spectrum of teaching and learning possiblities available with Benchmarks. Focusing on the understanding and interconnection of key concepts rather than rote memorization of terms and isolated facts, Benchmarks advocates building a lasting knowledge of science and related fields. In a culture increasingly pervaded by science, mathematics, and technology, science literacy requires habits of mind that will enable citizens to understand the world around them, make sense of new technologies as they emerge and grow, and deal sensibly with problems that involve evidence, numbers, patterns, logical arguements, and technology--as well as the relationship of these disciplines to the arts, humanities, and vocational studies--making science literacy relevant to all students, regardless of the career path they may choose. Together, Science for All Americans, Benchmarks for Science Literacy, and Benchmarks for Science Literacy on Disk offer a bold new agenda for the future of science in this country, one that is certain to prepare our children for the challenges they will face in the future. Hardware and Software requirements: IBM or compatible PC, 8086, 286, or better, with hard drive. 4 MB free space on hard disk. 2 MB free RAM. MS-DOS 4.0 or higher and 3.5" drive. Mouse and color monitor preferable. Specifications: The package contains one 3.5" high density diskette and a thirty-six page user manual.

Resources for Science Literacy

Author : Project 2061 (American Association for the Advancement of Science)
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 148 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Resources for Science Literacy by : Project 2061 (American Association for the Advancement of Science)

Download or read book Resources for Science Literacy written by Project 2061 (American Association for the Advancement of Science) and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1997 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Designed for science and mathematics teachers of K-12 to help them "rethink the way they develop curricula, select materials and activities, design instruction, and plan for assessment."--p.vii.

A Framework for K-12 Science Education

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309214459
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis A Framework for K-12 Science Education by : National Research Council

Download or read book A Framework for K-12 Science Education written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-02-28 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Science, engineering, and technology permeate nearly every facet of modern life and hold the key to solving many of humanity's most pressing current and future challenges. The United States' position in the global economy is declining, in part because U.S. workers lack fundamental knowledge in these fields. To address the critical issues of U.S. competitiveness and to better prepare the workforce, A Framework for K-12 Science Education proposes a new approach to K-12 science education that will capture students' interest and provide them with the necessary foundational knowledge in the field. A Framework for K-12 Science Education outlines a broad set of expectations for students in science and engineering in grades K-12. These expectations will inform the development of new standards for K-12 science education and, subsequently, revisions to curriculum, instruction, assessment, and professional development for educators. This book identifies three dimensions that convey the core ideas and practices around which science and engineering education in these grades should be built. These three dimensions are: crosscutting concepts that unify the study of science through their common application across science and engineering; scientific and engineering practices; and disciplinary core ideas in the physical sciences, life sciences, and earth and space sciences and for engineering, technology, and the applications of science. The overarching goal is for all high school graduates to have sufficient knowledge of science and engineering to engage in public discussions on science-related issues, be careful consumers of scientific and technical information, and enter the careers of their choice. A Framework for K-12 Science Education is the first step in a process that can inform state-level decisions and achieve a research-grounded basis for improving science instruction and learning across the country. The book will guide standards developers, teachers, curriculum designers, assessment developers, state and district science administrators, and educators who teach science in informal environments.

Science for All Americans

Author : F. James Rutherford
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0195361865
Total Pages : 299 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Science for All Americans by : F. James Rutherford

Download or read book Science for All Americans written by F. James Rutherford and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1991-02-14 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to compete in the modern world, any society today must rank education in science, mathematics, and technology as one of its highest priorities. It's a sad but true fact, however, that most Americans are not scientifically literate. International studies of educational performance reveal that U.S. students consistently rank near the bottom in science and mathematics. The latest study of the National Assessment of Educational Progress has found that despite some small gains recently, the average performance of seventeen-year-olds in 1986 remained substantially lower than it had been in 1969. As the world approaches the twenty-first century, American schools-- when it comes to the advancement of scientific knowledge-- seem to be stuck in the Victorian age. In Science for All Americans, F. James Rutherford and Andrew Ahlgren brilliantly tackle this devastating problem. Based on Project 2061, a scientific literacy initiative sponsored by the American Association for the Advancement of Science, this wide-ranging, important volume explores what constitutes scientific literacy in a modern society; the knowledge, skills, and attitudes all students should acquire from their total school experience from kindergarten through high school; and what steps this country must take to begin reforming its system of education in science, mathematics, and technology. Science for All Americans describes the scientifically literate person as one who knows that science, mathematics, and technology are interdependent enterprises with strengths and limitations; who understands key concepts and principles of science; who recognizes both the diversity and unity of the natural world; and who uses scientific knowledge and scientific ways of thinking for personal and social purposes. Its recommendations for educational reform downplay traditional subject categories and instead highlight the connections between them. It also emphasizes ideas and thinking skills over the memorization of specialized vocabulary. For instance, basic scientific literacy means knowing that the chief function of living cells is assembling protein molecules according to the instructions coded in DNA molecules, but does not mean necessarily knowing the terms "ribosome" or "deoxyribonucleic acid." Science, mathematics, and technology will be at the center of the radical changes in the nature of human existence that will occur during the next life span; therefore, preparing today's children for tomorrow's world must entail a solid education in these areas. Science for All Americans will help pave the way for the necessary reforms in America's schools.

Project 2061

Author : Project 2061 (American Association for the Advancement of Science)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 24 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Project 2061 by : Project 2061 (American Association for the Advancement of Science)

Download or read book Project 2061 written by Project 2061 (American Association for the Advancement of Science) and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Benchmarks for Science Literacy on Disk

Author : American Association for the Advancement of Science
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780195093995
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (939 download)

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Book Synopsis Benchmarks for Science Literacy on Disk by : American Association for the Advancement of Science

Download or read book Benchmarks for Science Literacy on Disk written by American Association for the Advancement of Science and published by . This book was released on 1994-09-01 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Next Generation Science Standards

Author : NGSS Lead States
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 9780309272278
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (722 download)

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Book Synopsis Next Generation Science Standards by : NGSS Lead States

Download or read book Next Generation Science Standards written by NGSS Lead States and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-08-29 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Next Generation Science Standards identifies the science all K-12 students should know. These new standards are based on the National Research Council's A Framework for K-12 Science Education. The National Research Council, the National Science Teachers Association, the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and Achieve have partnered to create standards through a collaborative state-led process. The standards are rich in content and practice and arranged in a coherent manner across disciplines and grades to provide all students an internationally benchmarked science education. The print version of Next Generation Science Standards complements the nextgenscience.org website and: Provides an authoritative offline reference to the standards when creating lesson plans Arranged by grade level and by core discipline, making information quick and easy to find Printed in full color with a lay-flat spiral binding Allows for bookmarking, highlighting, and annotating

Benchmarks for Science Literacy on Disk

Author : American Association for the Advancement of Science
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (64 download)

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Book Synopsis Benchmarks for Science Literacy on Disk by : American Association for the Advancement of Science

Download or read book Benchmarks for Science Literacy on Disk written by American Association for the Advancement of Science and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Teaching About Evolution and the Nature of Science

Author : National Academy of Sciences
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309063647
Total Pages : 150 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Teaching About Evolution and the Nature of Science by : National Academy of Sciences

Download or read book Teaching About Evolution and the Nature of Science written by National Academy of Sciences and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1998-05-06 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today many school students are shielded from one of the most important concepts in modern science: evolution. In engaging and conversational style, Teaching About Evolution and the Nature of Science provides a well-structured framework for understanding and teaching evolution. Written for teachers, parents, and community officials as well as scientists and educators, this book describes how evolution reveals both the great diversity and similarity among the Earth's organisms; it explores how scientists approach the question of evolution; and it illustrates the nature of science as a way of knowing about the natural world. In addition, the book provides answers to frequently asked questions to help readers understand many of the issues and misconceptions about evolution. The book includes sample activities for teaching about evolution and the nature of science. For example, the book includes activities that investigate fossil footprints and population growth that teachers of science can use to introduce principles of evolution. Background information, materials, and step-by-step presentations are provided for each activity. In addition, this volume: Presents the evidence for evolution, including how evolution can be observed today. Explains the nature of science through a variety of examples. Describes how science differs from other human endeavors and why evolution is one of the best avenues for helping students understand this distinction. Answers frequently asked questions about evolution. Teaching About Evolution and the Nature of Science builds on the 1996 National Science Education Standards released by the National Research Councilâ€"and offers detailed guidance on how to evaluate and choose instructional materials that support the standards. Comprehensive and practical, this book brings one of today's educational challenges into focus in a balanced and reasoned discussion. It will be of special interest to teachers of science, school administrators, and interested members of the community.

Assessing Science Understanding

Author : Joel J. Mintzes
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0080575331
Total Pages : 407 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Assessing Science Understanding by : Joel J. Mintzes

Download or read book Assessing Science Understanding written by Joel J. Mintzes and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2005-08-22 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent government publications like "Benchmarks for Scientific Literacy" and "Science for all Americans" have given teachers a mandate for improving science education in America. What we know about how learners construct meaning--particularly in the natural sciences--has undergone a virtual revolution in the past 25 years. Teachers, as well as researchers, are now grappling with how to better teach science, as well as how to assess whether students are learning. Assessing Science Understanding is a companion volume to Teaching Science for Understanding, and explores how to assess whether learning has taken place. The book discusses a range of promising new and practical tools for assessment including concept maps, vee diagrams, clinical interviews, problem sets, performance-based assessments, computer-based methods, visual and observational testing, portfolios, explanatory models, and national examinations.

Science Curriculum Topic Study

Author : Page Keeley
Publisher : Corwin Press
ISBN 13 : 1412908922
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Science Curriculum Topic Study by : Page Keeley

Download or read book Science Curriculum Topic Study written by Page Keeley and published by Corwin Press. This book was released on 2005-02-23 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ′Without question, this book will be of great value to the profession of science teaching. Given today′s educational landscape of standards and high-stakes testing, curriculum topic study is an essential piece of the puzzle′ - Cary Sneider, Vice President for Educator Programs, Museum of Science, Boston Discover the "missing link" between science standards, teacher practice, and improved student achievement! Becoming an accomplished science teacher not only requires a thorough understanding of science content, but also a familiarity with science standards and research on student learning. However, a comprehensive strategy for translating standards and research into instructional, practice has been lacking since the advent of standards-based education reform. Science Curriculum Topic Study provides a systematic professional development strategy that links science standards and research to curriculum, instruction, and assessment. Developed by author Page Keeley of the Maine Mathematics and Science Alliance, the Curriculum Topic Study (CTS) process can help teachers align curriculum, instruction, and assessment with specific, research-based ideas and skills. The CTS process will help teachers: - Improve their understanding of science content - Clarify a hierarchy of content and skills in a learning goal from state or local standards - Define formative and summative assessment goals and strategies - Learn to recognize and address learning difficulties - Increase opportunities for students of all backgrounds to achieve science literacy - Design or utilize instructional materials effectively Containing 147 separate curriculum topic study guides arranged in eleven categories that represent the major domains of science, this book provides the tools to both positively impact student learning and develop the knowledge and skills that distinguish expert science teachers from novices.