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Barriers Along The Us Border
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Download or read book Border Security written by Chad C. Haddal and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contents: (1) The San Diego Border Primary Fence; Oper. Gatekeeper; Sandia Nat. Lab. Study; (2) Congress. Border Barrier Legis.; Sect. 102 of IIRIRA; Expansion of Waiver Authority under the REAL ID Act; Secure Fence Act; (3) San Diego Sandia Fence; CA Coastal Comm.; San Diego Fence and USBP Apprehensions; (4) Border Barrier Construct.; Steps Prior to Construct.; Environ. Impact Assess.; Land Acquisition; Border Fence Construct. Process and Funding; Types of Fences and Barriers; Landing Mat Fencing; Sandia Secondary Fence; Permanent and Temp. Vehicle Barriers; (5) Issues: Effectiveness; Costs; Fence Design and Location; Land Acquisition; Diplomatic Ramifications; Environ. and Legal Consid.; Unintended Conseq.
Book Synopsis Border Security by : Blas Nunez-Neto
Download or read book Border Security written by Blas Nunez-Neto and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2009 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book examines the United States Border Patrol's (USBP) deployment of fencing and vehicle barriers along the U.S. southern border to impede the illegal entry of pedestrians and vehicles. Begun in 1990 and buttressed with a secondary layer of fencing in 1996 to deter illegal entries and drug smuggling in the San Diego sector, the USBP's 14 mile-long San Diego "primary fence" formed part of its "Prevention Through Deterrence" strategy to reduce smuggling and illegal migration by placing agents and resources directly on the border.
Download or read book The Wall written by Vanda Felbab-Brown and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2017-08-22 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In her Brookings Essay, The Wall, Brookings Senior Fellow Vanda Felbab-Brown explains the true costs of building a barrier along the U.S.-Mexico border, including (but not limited to) the estimated $12 to $21.6 billion price tag of construction. Felbab-Brown explains the importance of the United States' relationship with Mexico, on which the U.S. relies for cooperation on security, environmental, agricultural, water-sharing, trade, and drug smuggling issues. The author uses her extensive on-the-ground experience in Mexico to illustrate the environmental and community disruption that the construction of a wall would cause, while arguing that the barrier would do nothing to stop illicit flows into the United States. She recalls personal interviews she has had with people living in border areas, including a woman whose family relies on remittances from the U.S., a teenager trying to get out of a local gang, and others.
Book Synopsis Barriers and Migration Control Along U.S. Borders by : Arthur Rivera
Download or read book Barriers and Migration Control Along U.S. Borders written by Arthur Rivera and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Border enforcement is a core element of the Department of Homeland Security's effort to control unauthorised migration, with the U.S. Border Patrol (USBP) within the U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) as the lead agency along most of the border. Border enforcement has been an ongoing subject of congressional interest since the 1970s, when illegal immigration to the United States first registered as a serious national problem; and border security has received additional attention in the years since the terrorist attacks of 2001. This book reviews efforts to combat unauthorised migration across the Southwest border in the nearly three decades since IRCA initiated the modern era in migration control. In reviewing such efforts, the book takes stock of the current state of border security and considers lessons that may be learned about enhanced enforcement at U.S. borders. Furthermore, the title discusses key statutory authorities and requirements governing DHS's construction of barriers along the U.S. borders. It also includes appendixes listing federal laws that have been waived by DHS in furtherance of border construction projects.
Download or read book World of Walls written by Said Saddiki and published by Open Book Publishers. This book was released on 2017-10-09 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "We’re going to build a wall.” Borders have been drawn since the beginning of time, but in recent years artificial barriers have become increasingly significant to the political conversation across the world. Donald Trump was elected President of the United States while promising to build a wall on the Mexico border, and in Europe, the international movements of migrants and refugees have sparked fierce discussion about whether and how countries should restrict access to their territory by erecting physical barriers. Virtual walls are also built and crushed at increasing speed. In the post-9/11 era there is a greater danger from so-called "transnational non-state actors”, and computer hacking and cyberterrorism threaten to overwhelm our technological barriers. In this timely and original book, Said Saddiki scrutinises the physical and virtual walls located in four continents, including Israel, India, the southern EU border, Morocco, and the proposed border wall between Mexico and the US. Saddiki’s detailed analysis explores the tensions between the rise of globalisation, which some have argued will lead to a "borderless world” and "the end of the nation-state”, and the rapid development in recent decades of border control systems. Saddiki examines both regular and irregular cross-border activities, including the flow of people, goods, ideas, drugs, weapons, capital, and information, and explores the disparities that are reflected by barriers to such activities. He considers the consequences of the construction of physical and virtual walls, including their impact on international relations and the rise of the multi-billion dollar security market. World of Walls: The Structure, Roles and Effectiveness of Separation Barriers is important reading for all those interested in the topics of immigration, border security, international relations, and policy.
Book Synopsis Walled States, Waning Sovereignty by : Wendy Brown
Download or read book Walled States, Waning Sovereignty written by Wendy Brown and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2014-02-07 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discusses the spate of wall-building by countries around the world and considers the reasons why walls are being built in an increasingly globalized world in which threats to security come from sources that cannot be contained by brick and barbed wire.
Download or read book האיש במבוך written by Robert Silverberg and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Border Walls written by Reece Jones and published by Zed Books Ltd.. This book was released on 2012-07-12 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: *** Winner of the 2013 Julian Minghi Outstanding Research Award presented at the American Association of Geographers annual meeting *** Two decades after the fall of the Berlin Wall, why are leading democracies like the United States, India, and Israel building massive walls and fences on their borders? Despite predictions of a borderless world through globalization, these three countries alone have built an astonishing total of 5,700 kilometers of security barriers. In this groundbreaking work, Reece Jones analyzes how these controversial border security projects were justified in their respective countries, what consequences these physical barriers have on the lives of those living in these newly securitized spaces, and what long-term effects the hardening of political borders will have in these societies and globally. Border Walls is a bold, important intervention that demonstrates that the exclusion and violence necessary to secure the borders of the modern state often undermine the very ideals of freedom and democracy the barriers are meant to protect.
Book Synopsis Border Land, Border Water by : C. J. Alvarez
Download or read book Border Land, Border Water written by C. J. Alvarez and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2019-10-22 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the boundary surveys of the 1850s to the ever-expanding fences and highway networks of the twenty-first century, Border Land, Border Water examines the history of the construction projects that have shaped the region where the United States and Mexico meet. Tracing the accretion of ports of entry, boundary markers, transportation networks, fences and barriers, surveillance infrastructure, and dams and other river engineering projects, C. J. Alvarez advances a broad chronological narrative that captures the full life cycle of border building. He explains how initial groundbreaking in the nineteenth century transitioned to unbridled faith in the capacity to control the movement of people, goods, and water through the use of physical structures. By the 1960s, however, the built environment of the border began to display increasingly obvious systemic flaws. More often than not, Alvarez shows, federal agencies in both countries responded with more construction—“compensatory building” designed to mitigate unsustainable policies relating to immigration, black markets, and the natural world. Border Land, Border Water reframes our understanding of how the border has come to look and function as it does and is essential to current debates about the future of the US-Mexico divide.
Book Synopsis America's Border Fence by : Reed Karaim
Download or read book America's Border Fence written by Reed Karaim and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Line in the Sand by : Rachel St. John
Download or read book Line in the Sand written by Rachel St. John and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2011-05-23 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first transnational history of the U.S.-Mexico border Line in the Sand details the dramatic transformation of the western U.S.-Mexico border from its creation at the end of the Mexican-American War in 1848 to the emergence of the modern boundary line in the first decades of the twentieth century. In this sweeping narrative, Rachel St. John explores how this boundary changed from a mere line on a map to a clearly marked and heavily regulated divide between the United States and Mexico. Focusing on the desert border to the west of the Rio Grande, this book explains the origins of the modern border and places the line at the center of a transnational history of expanding capitalism and state power in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Moving across local, regional, and national scales, St. John shows how government officials, Native American raiders, ranchers, railroad builders, miners, investors, immigrants, and smugglers contributed to the rise of state power on the border and developed strategies to navigate the increasingly regulated landscape. Over the border's history, the U.S. and Mexican states gradually developed an expanding array of official laws, ad hoc arrangements, government agents, and physical barriers that did not close the line, but made it a flexible barrier that restricted the movement of some people, goods, and animals without impeding others. By the 1930s, their efforts had created the foundations of the modern border control apparatus. Drawing on extensive research in U.S. and Mexican archives, Line in the Sand weaves together a transnational history of how an undistinguished strip of land became the significant and symbolic space of state power and national definition that we know today.
Book Synopsis Legal Authority to Repurpose Funds for Border Barrier Construction by : Jennifer K. Elsea III
Download or read book Legal Authority to Repurpose Funds for Border Barrier Construction written by Jennifer K. Elsea III and published by . This book was released on 2019-09-13 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: President Trump has prioritized the construction of border barriers along the U.S.-Mexico border. Over the course of negotiations for FY2019 appropriations, the Administration asked Congress to appropriate $5.7 billion to the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) for that purpose. When Congress appropriated $1.375 billion to DHS for border fencing, the President announced that his Administration would fund the construction of border barriers by repurposing funds appropriated to the Department of Defense (DOD) and transferring funds from the Department of the Treasury. The Administration asserted that these funding transfers were authorized by a combination of the following federal laws: * National Emergencies Act (NEA). The NEA establishes a framework for the President to declare national emergencies. The NEA does not itself appropriate or authorize the transfer of funds, but the declaration of a national emergency triggers other statutory provisions that allow certain executive departments to repurpose existing appropriations.* 10 U.S.C. � 2808. Section 2808 becomes available upon the President's declaration of a national emergency under the NEA. This provision authorizes the Secretary of Defense to use unobligated military construction funds for the construction of otherwise unauthorized military construction projects.* Sections 8005 and 9002 of the 2019 DOD Appropriations Act. Sections 8005 and 9002 of the 2019 DOD Appropriations Act authorize the transfer of up to $6 billion appropriated in that act for "military functions" arising from "unforeseen military requirements." Funds may be transferred under these authorities only for "unforeseen military requirements" where the item for which funds will be transferred "has [not] been denied by the Congress."* 10 U.S.C. � 284. The 2019 DOD Appropriations Act also appropriated funds to a Drug Interdiction Account. Pursuant to 10 U.S.C. � 284, money in this fund may be spent by DOD in support of other agencies' counterdrug activities, including by constructing "roads and fencing . . . to block drug smuggling corridors across international borders of the United States." The Trump Administration proposed to use Sections 8005 and 9002 of the 2019 DOD Appropriations Act to transfer additional funds into the Drug Interdiction Account, which would then be used to construct border barriers.* 31 U.S.C. � 9705. This provision establishes a Treasury Forfeiture Fund (TFF) in the Department of the Treasury and authorizes the Secretary of the Treasury to make payments from unobligated sums in the TFF to federal, state, and local law enforcement agencies for various law enforcement purposes. Though a federal court in California initially entered an injunction prohibiting the Trump Administration from using the funds to initiate construction of border fencing, the U.S. Supreme Court ultimately stayed that injunction. The California federal district court's injunction would have prohibited the Administration from using Sections 8005 and 9002 to transfer funds for border barrier construction. The court did not rule on the lawfulness of the Administration's other proposed funding sources, though it did determine that waivers issued by DHS under Section 102 of the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act rendered NEPA inapplicable to the proposed border projects. But following the Supreme Court's stay of the district court's injunction, DOD was able to use funds transferred under Sections 8005 and 9002 for barrier construction purposes while litigation in the case continues. Other lawsuits challenging the Trump Administration's funding initiatives are ongoing in federal courts in the District of Columbia and Texas, though neither court has ruled on the merits of the Administration's initiatives. Meanwhile, both houses of Congress have continued to move through the annual appropriations process.
Book Synopsis Wall Disease: The Psychological Toll of Living Up Against a Border by : Jessica Wapner
Download or read book Wall Disease: The Psychological Toll of Living Up Against a Border written by Jessica Wapner and published by The Experiment, LLC. This book was released on 2020-10-06 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We build border walls to keep danger out. But do we understand the danger posed by walls themselves? East Germans were the first to give the crisis a name: Mauerkrankheit, or “wall disease.” The afflicted—everyday citizens living on both sides of the Berlin wall—displayed some combination of depression, anxiety, excitability, suicidal ideation, and paranoia. The Berlin Wall is no more, but today there are at least seventy policed borders like it. What are they doing to our minds? Jessica Wapner investigates, following a trail of psychological harm around the world. In Brownsville, Texas, the hotly contested US-Mexico border wall instills more feelings of fear than of safety. And in eastern Europe, a Georgian grandfather pines for his homeland—cut off from his daughters, his baker, and his bank by the arbitrary path of a razor-wire fence built in 2013. Even in borderlands riven by conflict, the same walls that once offered relief become enduring reminders of trauma and helplessness. Our brains, Wapner writes, devote “border cells” to where we can and cannot go safely—so, a wall that goes up in our town also goes up in our minds. Weaving together interviews with those living up against walls and expert testimonies from geographers, scientists, psychologists, and other specialists, she explores the growing epidemic of wall disease—and illuminates how neither those “outside” nor “inside” are immune.
Book Synopsis Borderwall as Architecture by : Ronald Rael
Download or read book Borderwall as Architecture written by Ronald Rael and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2017-04-04 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Borderwall as public space / Teddy Cruz -- Ronald Rael -- Pilgrims at the wall / Marcello Di Cintio -- Borderwall as architecture / Ronald rael -- Transborderisms / Norma Iglesias-Prieto -- Recuerdos / Ronald Rael -- Why walls don't work / Michael Dear -- Afterwards / Ronald Rael
Book Synopsis Barriers Along the U.S. Border by : Garcia
Download or read book Barriers Along the U.S. Border written by Garcia and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book World of Walls written by Said Saddiki and published by . This book was released on 2017-10-09 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "We're going to build a wall." Borders have been drawn since the beginning of time, but in recent years artificial barriers have become increasingly significant to the political conversation across the world. Donald Trump was elected President of the United States while promising to build a wall on the Mexico border, and in Europe, the international movements of migrants and refugees have sparked fierce discussion about whether and how countries should restrict access to their territory by erecting physical barriers. Virtual walls are also built and crushed at increasing speed. In the post-9/11 era there is a greater danger from so-called "transnational non-state actors," and computer hacking and cyberterrorism threaten to overwhelm our technological barriers. In this timely and original book, Said Saddiki scrutinises the physical and virtual walls located in four continents, including Israel, India, the southern EU border, Morocco, and the proposed border wall between Mexico and the US. Saddiki's detailed analysis explores the tensions between the rise of globalisation, which some have argued will lead to a "borderless world" and "the end of the nation-state," and the rapid development in recent decades of border control systems. Saddiki examines both regular and irregular cross-border activities, including the flow of people, goods, ideas, drugs, weapons, capital, and information, and explores the disparities that are reflected by barriers to such activities. He considers the consequences of the construction of physical and virtual walls, including their impact on international relations and the rise of the multi-billion dollar security market. World of Walls: The Structure, Roles and Effectiveness of Separation Barriers is important reading for all those interested in the topics of immigration, border security, international relations, and policy.
Book Synopsis The Wall Around the West by : Peter Andreas
Download or read book The Wall Around the West written by Peter Andreas and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2000 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As economic and military walls have come down in the post-Cold War era, states have rapidly built new barriers to prevent a perceived invasion of undesirables. This work examines the practice, politics, and consequences of building these walls.
