Barbarian Warrior vs Roman Legionary

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Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1472858077
Total Pages : 81 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (728 download)

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Book Synopsis Barbarian Warrior vs Roman Legionary by : Murray Dahm

Download or read book Barbarian Warrior vs Roman Legionary written by Murray Dahm and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2024-01-18 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This engrossing book pits the legionaries of Imperial Rome against their Germanic and Sarmatian opponents in the 2nd century AD. Shortly after Marcus Aurelius came to power in AD 161, the Roman Empire was racked by a series of military crises. While unrest in Britain and a new war with Parthia were swiftly dealt with, the invasion of Roman territory by the Chatti and Chauci peoples heralded a resurgent threat from the empire's European neighbours. Soon the Marcomanni and the Quadi, as well as the Dacians and the Sarmatian Iazyges, would attack the Romans in a series of savage conflicts that continued until AD 175 and would see the first invasion of Roman Italy since the beginning of the 1st century BC. In this book, the two sides' objectives, weapons and equipment and fighting styles are assessed and compared in the context of three featured battles: Carnuntum (170), where a Roman legion was vanquished and Italy invaded; the 'Battle on the Ice' (172), where the Romans fought their lighter-armed Iazyges opponents on the frozen Danube; and the so-called 'Miracle of the Rain' (174), during which a trapped Roman force facing annihilation was able to defeat numerically superior Germanic forces. Photographs, specially commissioned artwork plates and mapping complement the authoritative text in this engrossing study of Imperial Rome at war.

Barbarian Warrior vs Roman Legionary

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Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1472858050
Total Pages : 162 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (728 download)

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Book Synopsis Barbarian Warrior vs Roman Legionary by : Murray Dahm

Download or read book Barbarian Warrior vs Roman Legionary written by Murray Dahm and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2024-01-18 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This engrossing book pits the legionaries of Imperial Rome against their Germanic and Sarmatian opponents in the 2nd century AD. Shortly after Marcus Aurelius came to power in AD 161, the Roman Empire was racked by a series of military crises. While unrest in Britain and a new war with Parthia were swiftly dealt with, the invasion of Roman territory by the Chatti and Chauci peoples heralded a resurgent threat from the empire's European neighbours. Soon the Marcomanni and the Quadi, as well as the Dacians and the Sarmatian Iazyges, would attack the Romans in a series of savage conflicts that continued until AD 175 and would see the first invasion of Roman Italy since the beginning of the 1st century BC. In this book, the two sides' objectives, weapons and equipment and fighting styles are assessed and compared in the context of three featured battles: Carnuntum (170), where a Roman legion was vanquished and Italy invaded; the 'Battle on the Ice' (172), where the Romans fought their lighter-armed Iazyges opponents on the frozen Danube; and the so-called 'Miracle of the Rain' (174), during which a trapped Roman force facing annihilation was able to defeat numerically superior Germanic forces. Photographs, specially commissioned artwork plates and mapping complement the authoritative text in this engrossing study of Imperial Rome at war.

You Wouldn't Want to Be a Roman Soldier!

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780738370262
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (72 download)

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Book Synopsis You Wouldn't Want to Be a Roman Soldier! by : David (David Evelyn) Stewart

Download or read book You Wouldn't Want to Be a Roman Soldier! written by David (David Evelyn) Stewart and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discover how tough life was in the Roman army.

The Roman Barbarian Wars

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Publisher : Pen and Sword
ISBN 13 : 1473877881
Total Pages : 253 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (738 download)

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Book Synopsis The Roman Barbarian Wars by : Ludwig Heinrich Dyck

Download or read book The Roman Barbarian Wars written by Ludwig Heinrich Dyck and published by Pen and Sword. This book was released on 2015-11-30 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “A great book that summarizes pieces of Roman military history that are often not mentioned or difficult to find sources for . . . an entertaining read.”—War History Online As Rome grew from a small city state to the mightiest empire of the west, her dominion was contested not only by the civilizations of the Mediterranean, but also by the “barbarians”—the tribal peoples of Europe. The Celtic, the Spanish-Iberian and the Germanic tribes lacked the pomp and grandeur of Rome, but they were fiercely proud of their freedom and gave birth to some of Rome’s greatest adversaries. Romans and barbarians, iron legions and wild tribesmen clashed in dramatic battles on whose fate hinged the existence of entire peoples and, at times, the future of Rome. Far from reducing the legions and tribes to names and numbers, The Roman Barbarian Wars: The Era of Roman Conquest reveals how they fought and how they lived and what their world was like. Through his exhaustive research and lively text, Ludwig H. Dyck immerses the reader into the epic world of the Roman barbarian wars. “I was reminded, as I picked up this superb book, of that magnificent scene from Gladiator when they unleashed hell on the Barbarian hordes at the beginning of the film. Dyck has produced a book that celebrates the brilliance of the Roman commanders and of Rome itself from its foundation to its eventual demise.”—Books Monthly “Dyck’s details of ancient battles and the people involved provide as much sword-slashing excitement as any fictional account.”—Kirkus Reviews “His vivid prose makes for a gripping read.”—Military Heritage

Roman Legionary Vs Gallic Warrior

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Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1472844246
Total Pages : 81 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (728 download)

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Book Synopsis Roman Legionary Vs Gallic Warrior by : David Campbell

Download or read book Roman Legionary Vs Gallic Warrior written by David Campbell and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2021-04-13 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Caesar's war machine clashes with the fearsome tribes of Gaul, forever changing the character of the region and laying the groundwork for the rise of the Roman Empire. In the manner of many Roman generals, Caesar would write his domestic political ambitions in the blood and treasure of foreign lands. His governorship of Cisalpine Gaul gave him the opportunity to demonstrate the greatness of his character to the people of Rome through the subjugation of those outside Rome's borders. The fact that the main account of the subsequent wars in Gaul was written by Caesar himself – by far the most detailed history of the subject, with new reports issued annually for the eager audience at home –is no accident. The Roman Army of the late Republic had long been in the process of structural and change, moving towards the all-volunteer permanent standing force that would for centuries be the bulwark of the coming Empire. Well-armed and armored, this professional army was trained to operate within self-supporting legions, with auxiliaries employed in roles the legions lacked such as light troops or cavalry. The Roman legions were in many ways a modern force, with formations designed around tactical goals and held together by discipline, training and common purpose. The armies fielded by the tribes of Gaul were for the most part lightly armed and armored, with fine cavalry and a well-deserved reputation for ferocity. As might be expected from a region made up of different tribes with a range of needs and interests, there was no consensus on how to make war, though when large armies were gathered it was usually with the express purpose of bringing the enemy to heel in a pitched battle. For most Gauls – and certainly the military elites of the tribes – battle was an opportunity to prove their personal courage and skill, raising their status in the eyes of friends and foes alike. Fully illustrated, this study investigates the Roman and Gallic forces pitched into combat in three battles: Bibracte (58 BC), Sabis (57 BC) and Gergovia/Alesia (52 BC). Although charismatic Gallic leaders did rise up – notably Dumnorix of the Aedui and later Vercingetorix of the Arverni – and proved to be men capable of bringing together forces that had the prospect of checking Caesar's ambitions in the bloodiest of ways, it would not be enough. For Caesar his war against the Gauls provided him with enormous power and the springboard he needed to make Rome his own, though his many domestic enemies would ensure that he did not long enjoy his success.

Late Roman Infantryman vs Gothic Warrior

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Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1472845269
Total Pages : 81 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (728 download)

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Book Synopsis Late Roman Infantryman vs Gothic Warrior by : Murray Dahm

Download or read book Late Roman Infantryman vs Gothic Warrior written by Murray Dahm and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2021-06-24 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ravaged by civil war and pressure from the Huns to the east, in late summer AD 376 the Gothic tribe of the Theruingi – up to 200,000 people under their leader Fritigern – gathered on the northern bank of the River Danube and asked the Eastern Roman emperor, Valens, for asylum within the empire. After agreeing to convert to Arian Christianity and enrol in the Roman Army, the Goths were allowed to cross the Danube and settle in the province of Thrace. Far more people crossed the Danube than the Romans expected, however, and with winter approaching, the local Roman commander, Lupicinus, lacked the resources to feed the newcomers and did not possess sufficient troops to control them. Treated poorly and running out of food, the Goths very quickly lost faith in the Roman promises. Meanwhile, other Gothic tribes also sought permission to cross the Danube. The Greuthungi were refused permission, but soon learned that local Roman garrisons had been depleted to supervise the march of the Theruingi to the town of Marcianopolis, close to the eastern shore of the Black Sea. Taking advantage of this, the Greuthungi also entered Roman territory. Camping outside Marcianopolis, Lupicinus denied the Goths access to the town's food stores, provoking the Theruingi to begin skirmishing with the Roman troops. Fritigern convinced Lupicinus to let the Gothic leaders go and calm their people, but they did nothing to quell the warlike temper of his warriors. Lupicinus summoned troops to him, but in late 376 these Roman forces were defeated – the first of several defeats for the Romans that would culminate in the fateful battle of Adrianople in August 378, at which Roman forces led by the emperor himself confronted the Gothic host. The aftermath and repercussions of Adrianople have been much debated, but historians agree that it marks a decisive moment in the history of the Roman world. This fully illustrated book investigates the fighting men of both sides who clashed at the battles of Marcianopolis, Ad Salices and Adrianople, as the fate of the Western Roman Empire hung in the balance.

The Day of the Barbarians

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Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN 13 : 0802718973
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (27 download)

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Book Synopsis The Day of the Barbarians by : Alessandro Barbero

Download or read book The Day of the Barbarians written by Alessandro Barbero and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2009-05-26 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On August 9, 378 AD, at Adrianople in the Roman province of Thrace (now western Turkey), the Roman Empire began to fall. Two years earlier, an unforeseen flood of refugees from the East Germanic tribe known as the Goths had arrived at the Empire's eastern border, seeking admittance. Though usually successful in dealing with barbarian groups, in this instance the Roman authorities failed. Gradually coalesced into an army led by Fritigern, the barbarian horde inflicted on Emperor Valens the most disastrous defeat suffered by the Roman army since Hannibal's victory at Cannae almost 600 years earlier. The Empire did not actually fall for another century, but some believe this battle signaled nothing less than the end of the ancient world and the start of the Middle Ages. With impeccable scholarship and narrative flair, renowned historian Alessandro Barbero places the battle in its historical context, chronicling the changes in the Roman Empire, west and east, the cultural dynamics at its borders, and the extraordinary administrative challenge in holding it together. Vividly recreating the events leading to the clash, he brings alive leaders and common soldiers alike, comparing the military tactics and weaponry of the barbarians with those of the disciplined Roman army as the battle unfolded on that epic afternoon. Narrating one of the turning points in world history, The Day of the Barbarians is military history at its very best.

You Wouldn't Want to Be a Roman Soldier!

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780738370262
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (72 download)

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Book Synopsis You Wouldn't Want to Be a Roman Soldier! by : David (David Evelyn) Stewart

Download or read book You Wouldn't Want to Be a Roman Soldier! written by David (David Evelyn) Stewart and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Get ready...as a young man living in the Roman Empire, you've heard many stories about far-away lands and people. It sounds exciting but you're about to discover how tough life really is for a Roman Soldier!

Roman Legionary vs Carthaginian Warrior

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Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1472828054
Total Pages : 81 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (728 download)

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Book Synopsis Roman Legionary vs Carthaginian Warrior by : David Campbell

Download or read book Roman Legionary vs Carthaginian Warrior written by David Campbell and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2018-08-23 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The peace that followed the First Punic War was shallow and fractious, with the resumption of hostilities in 218 BC sparked by Carthaginian expansion in Iberia seeing Rome suffer some of the worst defeats in her entire history. The Carthaginian army was a composite affair primarily made up of a number of levies from Africa and around the Mediterranean augmented by mercenaries and allies, and these troops crushed the Roman heavy infantry maniples in a series of battles across Southern Europe. Improvements made to their military, however, would see Roman revenge visited on Hannibal in full measure by Scipio, who would beat him at his own game and bring Roman legions to the gates of Carthage itself. In this study, the epic battles at Lake Trasimene (217 BC), Cannae (216 BC), and Ilipa (206 BC) are explored in detail, supported by carefully chosen illustrations and specially commissioned full-colour artwork and mapping.

Legions in Crisis: The Transformation of the Roman Soldier - 192 to 284

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Author :
Publisher : Fonthill Media
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Legions in Crisis: The Transformation of the Roman Soldier - 192 to 284 by : Paul Elliot

Download or read book Legions in Crisis: The Transformation of the Roman Soldier - 192 to 284 written by Paul Elliot and published by Fonthill Media. This book was released on 2014-05-10 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The third century AD was a turbulent and testing time for the Roman Empire. A new and powerful foe in the east had risen up to challenge Rome directly. Barbarians on the northern frontiers were now more aggressive and more numerous than before and internally the population of the empire had to contend with rampant inflation and a series of terrible plagues. Unfortunately, the chaos became magnified by a lack of continuity on the imperial throne. The army had real political power in the third century, making and unmaking emperors as it saw fit. It had been aided in this by Septimius Severus, the African emperor who had won out in the civil wars following Commodus' assassination. He increased the army's pay and granted other privileges. While the army gained rapidly in size, stature and political savvy during the reign of Septimius Severus, it also accelerated a material transformation. Armour, shields, helmets, swords and javelins all began to be replaced with new styles. Legions in Crisis looks closely at the new styles of arms and armour, comparing their construction, use and effectiveness to the more familiar types of Roman kit used by soldiers fighting the earlier Dacian and Marcomannic Wars. What did this transformation in military technology mean for the tactical choices used on the battlefield? Although the outcome had looked in doubt, the army and the empire it protected weathered the storm to emerge into the fourth century fully able to tackle the challenges of a new age.

British Celtic Warrior vs Roman Soldier

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Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1472850858
Total Pages : 81 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (728 download)

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Book Synopsis British Celtic Warrior vs Roman Soldier by : William Horsted

Download or read book British Celtic Warrior vs Roman Soldier written by William Horsted and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2022-07-21 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An illustrated study of the British tribal warriors and Roman auxiliaries who fought in three epic battles for control of Britain in the 1st century AD. Following the Roman invasion of Britain in AD 43, the tribes of the west and north resisted the establishment of a 'Roman peace', led in particular by the chieftain Caratacus. Even in the south-east, resentment of Roman occupation remained, exploding into the revolt of Boudicca's Iceni in AD 60. Roman auxiliaries from two particular peoples are known to have taken part in the invasion of Britain: the Tungrians, from what is now Belgium, and the Batavians, from the delta of the River Rhine in the modern Netherlands. From the late 80s AD, units of both the Batavians and the Tungrians were garrisoned at a fort at Vindolanda in northern Britain. The so called 'Vindolanda tablets' provide an unparalleled body of material with which to reconstruct the lives of these auxiliary soldiers in Britain. Featuring full-colour maps and specially commissioned battlescene and figure artwork plates, this book examines how both the British warriors and the Roman auxiliaries experienced the decades of conflict that followed the invasion. Their recruitment, training, leadership, motivation, culture and beliefs are compared alongside an assessment of three particular battles: the final defeat of Caratacus in the hills of Wales in AD 50; the Roman assault on the island of Mona (Anglesey) in AD 60; and the battle of Mons Graupius in Scotland in AD 83.

The Battle That Stopped Rome: Emperor Augustus, Arminius, and the Slaughter of the Legions in the Teutoburg Forest

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Author :
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
ISBN 13 : 039335203X
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (933 download)

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Book Synopsis The Battle That Stopped Rome: Emperor Augustus, Arminius, and the Slaughter of the Legions in the Teutoburg Forest by : Peter S. Wells

Download or read book The Battle That Stopped Rome: Emperor Augustus, Arminius, and the Slaughter of the Legions in the Teutoburg Forest written by Peter S. Wells and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2004-09-17 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The previously untold story of the watershed battle that changed the course of Western history. In AD 9, a Roman traitor led an army of barbarians who trapped and then slaughtered three entire Roman legions: 20,000 men, half the Roman army in Europe. If not for this battle, the Roman Empire would surely have expanded to the Elbe River, and probably eastward into present-day Russia. But after this defeat, the shocked Romans ended all efforts to expand beyond the Rhine, which became the fixed border between Rome and Germania for the next 400 years, and which remains the cultural border between Latin western Europe and Germanic central and eastern Europe today. This fascinating narrative introduces us to the key protagonists: the emperor Augustus, the most powerful of the Caesars; his general Varus, who was the wrong man in the wrong place; and the barbarian leader Arminius, later celebrated as the first German hero. In graphic detail, based on recent archaeological finds, the author leads the reader through the mud, blood, and decimation that was the Battle of Teutoburg Forest.

Legionary

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Publisher : National Geographic Books
ISBN 13 : 0500293791
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Legionary by : Philip Matyszak

Download or read book Legionary written by Philip Matyszak and published by National Geographic Books. This book was released on 2018-08-28 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “A fascinating little handbook of serious scholarship and irrepressible wit, Legionary vividly illuminates military life in ancient Rome.”—Boston Globe Your emperor needs you for the Roman army! The year is 100 CE and Rome stands supreme and unconquerable from the desert sands of Mesopotamia to the misty highlands of Caledonia. Yet the might of Rome rests completely on the armored shoulders of the legionaries who hold back the barbarian hordes and push forward the frontiers of the empire. This carefully researched yet entertainingly nonacademic book tells you how to join the Roman legions, the best places to serve, and how to keep your armor from getting rusty. Learn to march under the eagles of Rome from training, campaigns, and battle to the glory of a Roman triumph and retirement with a pension plan. Every aspect of army life is discussed, from drill to diet, with handy tips on topics such as how to select the best footwear or how to avoid being skewered by enemy spears. Combining the latest archaeological discoveries with the written records of those who actually saw the Roman legions in action, this book provides a vivid picture of what it meant to be a Roman legionary.

Soldier of Rome: The Legionary

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Author :
Publisher : James Mace
ISBN 13 : 1440100276
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (41 download)

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Book Synopsis Soldier of Rome: The Legionary by : James Mace

Download or read book Soldier of Rome: The Legionary written by James Mace and published by James Mace. This book was released on 2008-12-06 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rome's Vengeance In the year A.D. 9, three Roman Legions under Quintilius Varus were betrayed by the Germanic war chief, Arminius, and destroyed in the forest known as Teutoburger Wald. Six years later Rome is finally ready to unleash Her vengeance on the barbarians. The Emperor Tiberius has sent his adopted son, Germanicus Caesar, into Germania with an army of forty-thousand legionaries. The come not on a mission of conquest, but one of annihilation. With them is a young legionary named Artorius. For him the war is a personal vendetta; a chance to avenge his brother, who was killed in Teutoburger Wald. In Germania Arminius knows the Romans are coming. He realizes that the only way to fight the legions is through deceit, cunning, and plenty of well-placed brute force. In truth he is leery of Germanicus, knowing that he was trained to be a master of war by the Emperor himself. The entire Roman Empire held its collective breath as Germanicus and Arminius faced each other in what would become the most brutal and savage campaign the world had seen in a generation; a campaign that could only end in a holocaust of fire and blood.

Legions in Crisis

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781781553343
Total Pages : 160 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (533 download)

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Book Synopsis Legions in Crisis by : Paul Elliott

Download or read book Legions in Crisis written by Paul Elliott and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The third century AD was a turbulent and testing time for the Roman Empire. A new and powerful foe in the east had risen up to challenge Rome directly. Barbarians on the northern frontiers were now more aggressive and more numerous than before and internally the population of the empire had to contend with rampant inflation and a series of terrible plagues. Unfortunately, the chaos became magnified by a lack of continuity on the imperial throne. The army had real political power in the third century, making and unmaking emperors as it saw fit. It had been aided in this by Septimius Severus, the African emperor who had won out in the civil wars following Commodus' assassination. He increased the army's pay and granted other privileges. While the army gained rapidly in size, stature and political savvy during the reign of Septimius Severus, it also accelerated a material transformation. Armour, shields, helmets, swords and javelins all began to be replaced with new styles. 'Legions in crisis' looks closely at the new styles of arms and armour, comparing their construction, use and effectiveness to the more familiar types of Roman kit used by soldiers fighting the earlier Dacian and Marcomannic Wars. What did this transformation in military technology mean for the tactical choices used on the battlefield? Although the outcome had looked in doubt, the army and the empire it protected weathered the storm to emerge into the fourth century fully able to tackle the challenges of a new age.

Enemies of Rome

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Author :
Publisher : The History Press
ISBN 13 : 0752495208
Total Pages : 359 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (524 download)

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Book Synopsis Enemies of Rome by : Iain Ferris

Download or read book Enemies of Rome written by Iain Ferris and published by The History Press. This book was released on 2003-11-18 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The artists of Ancient Rome portrayed the barbarian enemies of the empire in sculpture, reliefs, metalwork and jewellery. Enemies of Rome shows how the study of these images can reveal a great deal about the barbarians, as well as Roman art and the Romans view of themselves.

Rome In The Teutoburg Forest

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Author :
Publisher : Pickle Partners Publishing
ISBN 13 : 178289764X
Total Pages : 90 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (828 download)

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Book Synopsis Rome In The Teutoburg Forest by : LCDR James L. Venckus

Download or read book Rome In The Teutoburg Forest written by LCDR James L. Venckus and published by Pickle Partners Publishing. This book was released on 2014-08-15 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the battle of Teutoburg (9 A.D.), its consequences on the Roman world, and the role cultural misunderstanding played on the tactical, operational, and strategic levels. The Roman commander’s cultural misunderstanding of his enemy caused mistakes at the operational and tactical levels, while the Roman Emperor’s cultural misunderstanding brought about mistakes at the strategic level and created poor policy decisions following the battle, which affected Rome like no other battle in its history. Chapter 2 examines the consequences of other Roman loses (with much higher casualties) to show how none of them carried the same impact as the Teutoburg loss. They were but temporary “setbacks”, while Teutoburg was Rome’s first military “defeat” in its history. The Roman direction of conquest into Germania and the image of the pre-Teutoburg Germanic barbarian (an image which changes greatly into an elevated status following the massacre) are also examined. Chapter 3 examines the commanders of both sides and the battle itself. Chapter 4 looks at the significance of this loss. This battle caused Rome to adopt its first permanent defensive boundary and set the first limit of the Roman Empire.