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Authority To Order The Use Of Nulear Weapons
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Author :Senate of the United States of America Publisher :Independently Published ISBN 13 :9781096676065 Total Pages :86 pages Book Rating :4.6/5 (76 download)
Book Synopsis Authority to Order the Use of Nuclear Weapons - President and the Military Command and Control System for Nuclear Attack Retaliation Or First Strike Options, The Always and Never Dilemma by : Senate of the United States of America
Download or read book Authority to Order the Use of Nuclear Weapons - President and the Military Command and Control System for Nuclear Attack Retaliation Or First Strike Options, The Always and Never Dilemma written by Senate of the United States of America and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-05-02 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Making the decision to go to war of any sort is a heavy responsibility for our Nation's elected leaders, and the decision to use nuclear weapons is the most consequential of all. The Atomic Energy Act of 1946 and the subsequent practices recognize that the use of nuclear weapons must be subject to political control. This is why no general or admiral or Defense Secretary has the authority to order the use of nuclear weapons. Only the President, the elected political leader of the United States, has this authority. The nuclear arms race between the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War dramatically elevated the risk of nuclear conflict. As the Soviets developed massive numbers of nuclear weapons and the systems to deliver them to the United States, we planned for the unthinkable: How to get our missiles in the air within those few minutes before their warheads could hit us and possibly destroy our ability to respond. In that kind of scenario, there is no time for debate. Having such forces at the ready has been successful in deterring such an attack. And for that, we are grateful. But this process means the President has the sole authority to give that order, whether we are responding to a nuclear attack or not. Once that order is given and verified, there is no way to revoke it.This compilation includes a reproduction of the 2019 Worldwide Threat Assessment of the U.S. Intelligence Community.Three witnesses provided valuable insight during their testimony at this hearing. The first witness was General Bob Kehler, commander of the United States Strategic Command from 2011 to 2013. The second witness is Dr. Peter Feaver, professor of political science at Duke University, and the third witness is Brian McKeon, the Acting Under Secretary of Defense for Policy during the Obama administration and once a staff member on this committee.U.S. nuclear weapons prevent the coercive or actual use of these weapons against us and our allies, which is their primary purpose, constrain the scope and scale of conflict, compel adversaries to ponder the consequences of their actions before they act, and obviate the need for additional allies to acquire their own. No other weapon can replace the deterrent value of nuclear weapons. And the ability to command and control our nuclear forces under all conditions of crisis and conflict remains central to the credibility of the deterrent.
Book Synopsis Authority to Order the Use of Nuclear Weapons by :
Download or read book Authority to Order the Use of Nuclear Weapons written by and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on International Relations Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :40 pages Book Rating :4.F/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Authority to Order the Use of Nuclear Weapons (U.S. U.K. France, U.S.S.R., People's Republic of China) Prepared for the Subcommittee on International Security and Scientific Affairs of ..., December 1, 1975 by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on International Relations
Download or read book Authority to Order the Use of Nuclear Weapons (U.S. U.K. France, U.S.S.R., People's Republic of China) Prepared for the Subcommittee on International Security and Scientific Affairs of ..., December 1, 1975 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on International Relations and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Authority to Order the Use of Nuclear Weapons (United States, United Kingdom, France, Soviet Union, People's Republic of China) by : Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Download or read book Authority to Order the Use of Nuclear Weapons (United States, United Kingdom, France, Soviet Union, People's Republic of China) written by Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Authority to Order the Use of Nuclear Weapons by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations
Download or read book Authority to Order the Use of Nuclear Weapons written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis U. S. Strategic Nuclear Forces by : Amy F. Woolf
Download or read book U. S. Strategic Nuclear Forces written by Amy F. Woolf and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2009-11 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contents: (1) Introduction; (2) Background: The Strategic Triad: Force Structure and Size During the Cold War; Force Structure and Size After the Cold War; Future Force Structure and Size; (3) Strategic Nuclear Delivery Vehicles: Ongoing Plans and Programs: (a) Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles: Peacekeeper; Minuteman III; Minuteman Modernization Programs; Future Programs; (b) Submarine Launched Ballistic Missiles: The SSGN Program; The Backfit Program; Basing Changes; Warhead Issues; Modernization Plans and Programs; Future Programs; (c) Bombers: B-1 Bomber; B-2 Bomber; B-52 Bomber; Future Bomber Plans; (4) Issues for Congress: Force Size; Force Structure; Safety, Security, and Management Issues. Illustrations.
Book Synopsis Restricted Data by : Alex Wellerstein
Download or read book Restricted Data written by Alex Wellerstein and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2021-04-09 with total page 558 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Nuclear weapons, since their conception, have been the subject of secrecy. In the months after the dropping of the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the American scientific establishment, the American government, and the American public all wrestled with what was called the "problem of secrecy," wondering not only whether secrecy was appropriate and effective as a means of controlling this new technology but also whether it was compatible with the country's core values. Out of a messy context of propaganda, confusion, spy scares, and the grave counsel of competing groups of scientists, what historian Alex Wellerstein calls a "new regime of secrecy" was put into place. It was unlike any other previous or since. Nuclear secrets were given their own unique legal designation in American law ("restricted data"), one that operates differently than all other forms of national security classification and exists to this day. Drawing on massive amounts of declassified files, including records released by the government for the first time at the author's request, Restricted Data is a narrative account of nuclear secrecy and the tensions and uncertainty that built as the Cold War continued. In the US, both science and democracy are pitted against nuclear secrecy, and this makes its history uniquely compelling and timely"--
Book Synopsis Nuclear Weapons under International Law by : Gro Nystuen
Download or read book Nuclear Weapons under International Law written by Gro Nystuen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-08-28 with total page 804 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nuclear Weapons under International Law is a comprehensive treatment of nuclear weapons under key international law regimes. It critically reviews international law governing nuclear weapons with regard to the inter-state use of force, international humanitarian law, human rights law, disarmament law, and environmental law, and discusses where relevant the International Court of Justice's 1996 Advisory Opinion. Unique in its approach, it draws upon contributions from expert legal scholars and international law practitioners who have worked with conventional and non-conventional arms control and disarmament issues. As a result, this book embraces academic consideration of legal questions within the context of broader political debates about the status of nuclear weapons under international law.
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on International Relations Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :29 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (652 download)
Book Synopsis Authority to Order the Use of Nuclear Weapons (U.S.U.K. France, U.S.S.R., People's Republic of China) Prepared for the Subcommittee on International Security and Scientific Affairs of ..., December 1, 1975 by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on International Relations
Download or read book Authority to Order the Use of Nuclear Weapons (U.S.U.K. France, U.S.S.R., People's Republic of China) Prepared for the Subcommittee on International Security and Scientific Affairs of ..., December 1, 1975 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on International Relations and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on International Relations Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :49 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (612 download)
Book Synopsis Authority to Order the Use of Nuclear Weapons (United States, United Kingdom, France, Soviet Union, People's Republic of China) - 94Th Congress, 1St Session, 1975 by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on International Relations
Download or read book Authority to Order the Use of Nuclear Weapons (United States, United Kingdom, France, Soviet Union, People's Republic of China) - 94Th Congress, 1St Session, 1975 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on International Relations and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis First Use of Nuclear Weapons by : Peter Raven-Hansen
Download or read book First Use of Nuclear Weapons written by Peter Raven-Hansen and published by Praeger. This book was released on 1987 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on a symposium held at Airlie House, Virginia, in Nov. 1985, and sponsored by the Federation of American Scientists (FAS) and the Lawyers Alliance for Nuclear Arms Control (LANAC).
Author :Committee on International Security and Arms Control Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309518377 Total Pages :119 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (95 download)
Book Synopsis The Future of U.S. Nuclear Weapons Policy by : Committee on International Security and Arms Control
Download or read book The Future of U.S. Nuclear Weapons Policy written by Committee on International Security and Arms Control and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1997-07-01 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The debate about appropriate purposes and policies for U.S. nuclear weapons has been under way since the beginning of the nuclear age. With the end of the Cold War, the debate has entered a new phase, propelled by the post-Cold War transformations of the international political landscape. This volume--based on an exhaustive reexamination of issues addressed in The Future of the U.S.-Soviet Nuclear Relationship (NRC, 1991)--describes the state to which U.S. and Russian nuclear forces and policies have evolved since the Cold War ended. The book evaluates a regime of progressive constraints for future U.S. nuclear weapons policy that includes further reductions in nuclear forces, changes in nuclear operations to preserve deterrence but enhance operational safety, and measures to help prevent proliferation of nuclear weapons. In addition, it examines the conditions and means by which comprehensive nuclear disarmament could become feasible and desirable.
Download or read book Seeking the Bomb written by Vipin Narang and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2022-01-11 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first systematic look at the different strategies that states employ in their pursuit of nuclear weapons Much of the work on nuclear proliferation has focused on why states pursue nuclear weapons. The question of how states pursue nuclear weapons has received little attention. Seeking the Bomb is the first book to analyze this topic by examining which strategies of nuclear proliferation are available to aspirants, why aspirants select one strategy over another, and how this matters to international politics. Looking at a wide range of nations, from India and Japan to the Soviet Union and North Korea to Iraq and Iran, Vipin Narang develops an original typology of proliferation strategies—hedging, sprinting, sheltered pursuit, and hiding. Each strategy of proliferation provides different opportunities for the development of nuclear weapons, while at the same time presenting distinct vulnerabilities that can be exploited to prevent states from doing so. Narang delves into the crucial implications these strategies have for nuclear proliferation and international security. Hiders, for example, are especially disruptive since either they successfully attain nuclear weapons, irrevocably altering the global power structure, or they are discovered, potentially triggering serious crises or war, as external powers try to halt or reverse a previously clandestine nuclear weapons program. As the international community confronts the next generation of potential nuclear proliferators, Seeking the Bomb explores how global conflict and stability are shaped by the ruthlessly pragmatic ways states choose strategies of proliferation.
Book Synopsis Handbook on Nuclear Law by : Carlton Stoiber
Download or read book Handbook on Nuclear Law written by Carlton Stoiber and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook is a practical aid to legislative drafting that brings together, for the first time, model texts of provisions covering all aspects of nuclear law in a consolidated form. Organized along the same lines as the Handbook on Nuclear Law, published by the IAEA in 2003, and containing updated material on new legal developments, this publication represents an important companion resource for the development of new or revised nuclear legislation, as well as for instruction in the fundamentals of nuclear law. It will be particularly useful for those Member States embarking on new or expanding existing nuclear programmes.
Book Synopsis The Tradition of Non-Use of Nuclear Weapons by : T.V. Paul
Download or read book The Tradition of Non-Use of Nuclear Weapons written by T.V. Paul and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2009-01-23 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the Hiroshima and Nagasaki attacks, no state has unleashed nuclear weapons. What explains this? According to the author, the answer lies in a prohibition inherent in the tradition of non-use, a time-honored obligation that has been adhered to by all nuclear states—thanks to a consensus view that use would have a catastrophic impact on humankind, the environment, and the reputation of the user. The book offers an in-depth analysis of the nuclear policies of the U.S., Russia, China, the UK, France, India, Israel, and Pakistan and assesses the contributions of these states to the rise and persistence of the tradition of nuclear non-use. It examines the influence of the tradition on the behavior of nuclear and non-nuclear states in crises and wars, and explores the tradition's implications for nuclear non-proliferation regimes, deterrence theory, and policy. And it concludes by discussing the future of the tradition in the current global security environment.
Book Synopsis Alliances, Nuclear Weapons and Escalation by : Stephan Frühling
Download or read book Alliances, Nuclear Weapons and Escalation written by Stephan Frühling and published by ANU Press. This book was released on 2021-12-14 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In an era of great power competition, the role of alliances in managing escalation of conflict has acquired renewed importance. Nuclear weapons remain the ultimate means for deterrence and controlling escalation, and are central to US alliances in Europe and the Indo-Pacific. However, allies themselves need to better prepare for managing escalation in an increasingly challenging geostrategic and technological environment for the US and its allies. While the challenge of great power competition is acute at both ends of Eurasia, adversary threats, geography and the institutional context of US alliances differ. This book brings together leading experts from Europe, Northeast Asia, the United States and Australia to focus on these challenges, identify commonalities and differences across regions, and pinpoint ways to collectively manage nuclear deterrence and potential escalation pathways in America’s 21st century alliances. ‘Nuclear weapons play an important role in deterrence and preventing military conflict between great powers, while also posing an existential threat to humanity. It is vital that we have a nuanced understanding of this important challenge, so that such weapons are never used. This book offers many important perspectives and makes a significant contribution to the overall debate about these powerful weapons.’ — The Hon Julie Bishop, Chancellor, The Australian National University, Former Foreign Minister of Australia ‘This timely book identifies a wide range of challenges US alliances both in the Indo-Pacific and Euro-Atlantic face as they seek to ensure the value of US extended deterrence, particular the US nuclear umbrella, against China and Russia. This unique collection of chapters written by experts in US allies in both regions presents widely varying security perceptions and priorities. To understand such differences is the key to globally strengthen the US alliance systems, which are a significant advantage Washington enjoys over the two competitors.’ — Yukio Satoh, former President of The Japan Institute of International Affairs (JIIA) ‘This is a timely and thoughtful collection of essays that should serve to jumpstart public discussion and debate—the absence of which is widely noted and much bemoaned. Each contributor examines an aspect of the complicated, multifaceted nuclear debate by discussing the range of dilemmas from deterrence to disarmament. The various views set out here are more relevant than ever as Russia, China and the United States flex their nuclear muscles in new and sometimes dangerous ways. This book should be read by anyone interested in the preventing the use of nuclear weapons and understanding complexities of alliances in an increasingly dangerous world.’ — Madelyn Creedon, former Principal Deputy Administrator of the US National Nuclear Security Administration and Assistant Secretary of Defense for Global Strategic Affairs
Book Synopsis Interim National Security Strategic Guidance by : President Joseph R Biden
Download or read book Interim National Security Strategic Guidance written by President Joseph R Biden and published by Cosimo Reports. This book was released on 2021-03 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "We are in the midst of a fundamental debate about the future direction of our world...No nation is better positioned to navigate this future than America." -President Joseph R. Biden, Jr., Interim National Security Strategic Guidance (2021) Interim National Security Strategic Guidance-2021 was issued in March 2021 to convey President Joe Biden's vision for how America will engage with the world, and to provide guidance for US departments while the Biden Administration begins work on a National Security Strategy. This short essay is a good companion to two other reports released during the same period: The Annual Threat Assessment, an annual report of worldwide threats to the national security of the United States, compiled by the US Intelligence Community; and Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World by the National Intelligence Council, which specifically describes long-term global challenges (both available from Cosimo Reports). Students of national security, policymakers, journalists, and anyone interested in US security will find this report essential reading.
