Atom Interferometric Experiments With Bose Einstein Condensates In Microgravity

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Atom Interferometric Experiments with Bose-Einstein Condensates in Microgravity

Author : Julia Pahl
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (142 download)

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Book Synopsis Atom Interferometric Experiments with Bose-Einstein Condensates in Microgravity by : Julia Pahl

Download or read book Atom Interferometric Experiments with Bose-Einstein Condensates in Microgravity written by Julia Pahl and published by . This book was released on 2023* with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Englische Version: Light-pulse atom interferometry (AI) is an important tool for high precision measurements in the fields of inertial sensing or fundamental physics. Especially in combination with ultra-cold atomic sources and operation in microgravity, high sensitivities are expected that are necessary for the search for violations of the weak equivalence principle. QUANTUS-2 is a mobile atom interferometer operating at the ZARM drop tower in Bremen. With its high-flux, atom chip-based atomic rubidium source, it serves as a pathfinder for future space missions, examining key technologies like the generation of Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs), implementation of delta-kick collimation or application of various AI geometries. In this thesis, a potassium diode laser system has been built to complete the preordained functionality of dual-species operation. Based on the design of the rubidium laser system with micro-integrated laser diode modules and compact electronics, it successfully passed the qualification tests. In a proof of principle measurement, a potassium magneto-optical trap could be generated to prove the system's capability of trapping atoms. With rubidium, open Ramsey type interferometers and Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs) were examined on ground and in over 155 drops in microgravity. The combination of variably delta-kicked collimated BECs and AI in microgravity revealed a new technique to determine the magnetic lens duration for optimal collimation. Asymmetric MZIs with interferometry times of 2T > 1s have successfully been demonstrated. Gravimetric examinations on ground with MZIs and by an additional levitation technique have been performed to determine the local gravitational acceleration g. The examined key technologies are fundamental necessities that have to be considered to pave the way for future space missions.

Ultra-high Vacuum Systems for Experiments with Cold Atoms in Space

Author : Michael Elsen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (139 download)

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Book Synopsis Ultra-high Vacuum Systems for Experiments with Cold Atoms in Space by : Michael Elsen

Download or read book Ultra-high Vacuum Systems for Experiments with Cold Atoms in Space written by Michael Elsen and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dual-species atom interferometry, with Bose-Einstein condensates, is a promising technique for ultra-precise and accurate measurements for spaceborne applications, such as inertial sensing, future detection of gravitational waves, earth observation, and testing fundamental physics. An ultracold atom experiment on a future satellite mission could improve the precision of testing general relativity, with the test of the universality of free fall. The technology discovery of such a complex and challenging experiment, requires a multitude of space qualified technologies and developments. The MAIUS-2/3 (Matter-Wave Interferometry Under Microgravity) missions, within the QUANTUS (Quantum Gases in Microgravity) consortium, aims to perform the first dual-species atom interferometer with ultracold rubidium and potassium atoms on a sounding rocket. It is used as a pathfinder mission to further develop the technologies which enable future cold atom missions. Space suitable ultra-high vacuum (UHV) systems are one of the enabling technologies for missions on long-duration microgravity platforms, such as the International Space Station or a satellite. The scientific payload MAIUS-B, flying on both missions MAIUS-2 and MAIUS-3, is introduced in this thesis. The payload is sheltered within seven RADAX (radial-axial) hull segments, and is divided into five subsystems; electronics, physics package, laser system, laser electronics, and batteries. The newly developed thermal control system and ground support equipment is capable of accounting for an internally produced heat load of 707.6 W and a temperature rise by aerodynamic drag during launch. The mass and size was continuously optimized, with a final mass of 335.3 kg and a length of 2.8 m, which is within the limits of 340.0 kg and 3.0 m. A load assessment of the new suspension system showed that the payload is capable of carrying the MAIUS-B payload up to 981ms^(-2) (100 g0) within a reasonable safety margin. A new umbilical and sealing concept was implemented, providing the payload until lift-off with power, data, and cooling liquid connections. The UHV system was redesigned to fit within the mass and size requirements. Two titanium sublimation pumps and one ion getter pump are maintaining a pressure of 2 × 10^(-11) hPa. This is one order of magnitude better than the experiment required pressure of 5 × 10^(-10) hPa. Several vacuum components, such as the differential pumping stage, the oven design, and the pumps itself, were modified or redesigned. The physics package, including the UHV system, was qualified for a vibration level of 19.6ms^(-2) RMS (2.0g0RMS), compared to the maximum flight level of 17.7ms^(-2) RMS (1.8 g0RMS) throughout a sounding rocket mission. The UHV system is capable of regaining the required pressure within 19 s. To investigate the influence of static loads on the leakage rate of ConFlat (CF) seals, a test setup was built. The tests were performed to indicate the influence on the tightening torque (10Nm, 12.5Nm, 15Nm), the flange material (aluminum [AluVaC®], stainless steel [316LN-ESR, 14429-ESU]), and different oxygen free high conductivity (OFHC) copper gaskets (annealed, non-annealed). The presented results provide the first data set on the leakage rate for CF DN40 flange connections tested up to a applied force of 1 950N.

Atom Interferometry

Author : G.M. Tino
Publisher : IOS Press
ISBN 13 : 161499448X
Total Pages : 807 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (149 download)

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Book Synopsis Atom Interferometry by : G.M. Tino

Download or read book Atom Interferometry written by G.M. Tino and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2014-10-16 with total page 807 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since atom interferometers were first realized about 20 years ago, atom interferometry has had many applications in basic and applied science, and has been used to measure gravity acceleration, rotations and fundamental physical quantities with unprecedented precision. Future applications range from tests of general relativity to the development of next-generation inertial navigation systems. This book presents the lectures and notes from the Enrico Fermi school "Atom Interferometry", held in Varenna, Italy, in July 2013. The aim of the school was to cover basic experimental and theoretical aspects and to provide an updated review of current activities in the field as well as main achievements, open issues and future prospects. Topics covered include theoretical background and experimental schemes for atom interferometry; ultracold atoms and atom optics; comparison of atom, light, electron and neutron interferometers and their applications; high precision measurements with atom interferometry and their application to tests of fundamental physics, gravitation, inertial measurements and geophysics; measurement of fundamental constants; interferometry with quantum degenerate gases; matter wave interferometry beyond classical limits; large area interferometers; atom interferometry on chips; and interferometry with molecules. The book will be a valuable source of reference for students, newcomers and experts in the field of atom interferometry.

The Role of Interactions in Atom Interferometry with Bose-Condensed Atoms

Author : Paul Anthony Altin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 342 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (845 download)

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Book Synopsis The Role of Interactions in Atom Interferometry with Bose-Condensed Atoms by : Paul Anthony Altin

Download or read book The Role of Interactions in Atom Interferometry with Bose-Condensed Atoms written by Paul Anthony Altin and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, atom interferometry has become established as an indispensable tool in both fundamental and applied physics. With present state-of-the-art devices based on thermal atoms reaching limits imposed by the momentum spread of the initial atomic wavepacket, it seems natural to ask whether colder sources such as Bose-Einstein condensates may prove beneficial in advancing the precision of interferometric measurements. The thesis at hand aims to inform this question, specifically by examining the role played by atomic interactions in interferometers based on Bose-condensed atoms. Interactions can have both advantageous and deleterious consequences in the context of atom interferometry. They provide a means to control the momentum width of the condensate, and facilitate the generation of nonclassical squeezed states which may enhance the phase sensitivity beyond the shot noise limit. Conversely, the condensate self-interaction causes mean-field shifts, multimode excitations and phase diffusion which can erode both the precision and the accuracy of an interferometric measurement. The question of when and in which systems the detrimental effects of interactions outweigh the advantages of using Bose-Einstein condensates is an important one, and warrants investigation. This thesis presents experimental studies into the role of interactions in both internal- and external-state atom interferometers. As a foundation for these investigations, we describe the design and construction of an apparatus for creating Bose-Einstein condensates of the two stable rubidium isotopes in an optical trap. By sympathetic cooling with a rubidium-87 reservoir, we are able to produce condensates of rubidium-85 in which the interactions may be adjusted by means of a magnetic Feshbach resonance. The tunability afforded by the Feshbach resonance is used to study inelastic losses in ultracold rubidium-85 clouds, as well as the effect of interactions on condensate stability and on the ground state of dual-species mixtures. In particular, we offer new experimental data on the dynamics of collapsing condensates with attractive interactions, over which some controversy has existed since the first experiments more than a decade ago. Good agreement is found between the measured collapse times and a simple mean-field model. Proceeding to interferometry, we present results from Ramsey interferometers operating on the clock transition of rubidium-87 Bose-Einstein condensates. In free-space operation with Raman beamsplitters, we demonstrate projection-noise-limited performance, an important prerequisite for the realisation of squeezing-enhanced sensitivity. Using large condensates of up to 106 atoms and microwave coupling, we study the effect of interactions on the Ramsey fringe contrast. The dominant source of decoherence is found to be spatial dynamics driven by the difference in interparticle interaction strengths, which are analysed using the spin-echo technique and numerical simulations of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation. Finally, we turn our attention to external-state interferometry, implementing a Mach-Zehnder gravimeter using Bragg transitions in a freely falling rubidium-87 condensate. Large-momentum-transfer beamsplitters composed of higher-order Bragg diffraction and Bloch oscillations are used to increase the accumulated phase and thus the sensitivity of the interferometer. The role of interactions in this system is examined, and we canvass methods for achieving further increases in sensitivity. -- provided by Candidate.

From Quantum To Cosmos: Fundamental Physics Research In Space

Author : Slava G Turyshev
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9814468444
Total Pages : 764 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (144 download)

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Book Synopsis From Quantum To Cosmos: Fundamental Physics Research In Space by : Slava G Turyshev

Download or read book From Quantum To Cosmos: Fundamental Physics Research In Space written by Slava G Turyshev and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2009-05-21 with total page 764 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Space-based laboratory research in fundamental physics is an emerging research discipline that offers great discovery potential and at the same time could drive the development of technological advances which are likely to be important to scientists and technologists in many other different research fields. The articles in this review volume have been contributed by participants of the international workshop “From Quantum to Cosmos: Fundamental Physics Research in Space” held at the Airlie Center in Warrenton, Virginia, USA, on May 21-24, 2006. This unique volume discusses the advances in our understanding of fundamental physics that are anticipated in the near future, and evaluates the discovery potential of a number of recently proposed space-based gravitational experiments. Specific research areas covered include various tests of general relativity and alternative theories, search of physics beyond the Standard Model, investigations of possible violations of the equivalence principle, search for new hypothetical long- and short-range forces, variations of fundamental constants, tests of Lorentz invariance and attempts at unification of the fundamental interactions. The book also encompasses experiments aimed at the discovery of novel phenomena, including dark matter candidates, and studies of dark energy.

The Application of Bose-einstein Condensates to Inertial Sensing

Author : John Elias Debs
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 412 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis The Application of Bose-einstein Condensates to Inertial Sensing by : John Elias Debs

Download or read book The Application of Bose-einstein Condensates to Inertial Sensing written by John Elias Debs and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents experimental and theoretical work investigating the application of Bose-condensed atomic sources to atom interferometer-based inertial sensors. In particular, we focus on gravity sensors, which have applications in fundamental physics, Earth sciences, mineral exploration, and navigation. We develop atomic sources, design and implement several different atomic beamsplitters and mirrors, and build atom interferometers utilising Bose-condensed atomic sources. Theoretical work supports all of these experiments. Coupled with the detailed theoretical analyses, these proof-of-principle experiments show that Bose-condensed sources will be critical in the next generation inertial sensors based on atomic interference. - provided by Candidate.

Experiments with Bose-Einstein Condensates in Microgravity

Author : Christoph Grzeschik
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Experiments with Bose-Einstein Condensates in Microgravity by : Christoph Grzeschik

Download or read book Experiments with Bose-Einstein Condensates in Microgravity written by Christoph Grzeschik and published by . This book was released on 2017* with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Coherent atomic matter waves - Ondes de matiere coherentes

Author : R. Kaiser
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3540453385
Total Pages : 717 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (44 download)

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Book Synopsis Coherent atomic matter waves - Ondes de matiere coherentes by : R. Kaiser

Download or read book Coherent atomic matter waves - Ondes de matiere coherentes written by R. Kaiser and published by Springer. This book was released on 2007-07-03 with total page 717 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Progress in atomic physics has been so vigorous during the past decade that one is hard pressed to follow all the new developments. In the early 1990s the first atom interferometers opened a new field in which we have been able to use the wave nature of atoms to probe fundamental quantum me chanics questions as well as to make precision measurements. Coming fast on the heels of this development was the demonstration of Bose Einstein condensation in dilute atomic vapors which intensified research interest in studying the wave nature of matter, especially in a domain in which "macro scopic" quantum effects (vortices, stimulated scattering of atomic beams) are visible. At the same time there has been much progress in our understanding of the behavior of waves (notably electromagnetic) in complex media, both periodic and disordered. An obvious topic of speculation and probably of future research is whether any new insight or applications will develop if one examines the behavior of de Broglie waves in analogous situations. Finally, our ability to manipulate atoms has allowed us not only to create macroscopically occupied quantum states but also to exercise fine control over the quantum states of a small number of atoms. This has advanced to the study of quantum entanglement and its relation to the theory of measurement and the theory of information. The 1990s have also seen an explosion of interest in an exciting potential application of this fine control: quantum computation and quantum cryptography.

Atom Optics and Space Physics

Author : E. Arimondo
Publisher : IOS Press
ISBN 13 : 1586039903
Total Pages : 519 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (86 download)

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Book Synopsis Atom Optics and Space Physics by : E. Arimondo

Download or read book Atom Optics and Space Physics written by E. Arimondo and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 519 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The goal of this volume is to discuss the rapidly moving field of atom optics and interferometry with all its intricate aspects ranging from fundamental physics to applications and the theory of relativity. The breathtaking success in manipulating atoms using lasers has encouraged these two so far disjunct communities to move closer together and begin collaborations. After an introduction to atom optics and Bose-Einstein condensation, the theoretical foundations of cold atom interferometers, their use to test gravity, and their implementation in laboratory measurements of the earth rotation and of Newton's gravitational constant are discussed. Several papers discuss the characteristics of gyroscopes and interferometers as sensors for inertial forces, starting from gyroscopes based on light waves and comparing their sensitivity to those based on matter waves. The final topic is the variation of fundamental constants, a subject that during the last years has attracted a lot of --

Bright Solitary Waves and Non-equilibrium Dynamics in Atomic Bose-Einstein Condensates

Author : Thomas Paul Billam
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (86 download)

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Book Synopsis Bright Solitary Waves and Non-equilibrium Dynamics in Atomic Bose-Einstein Condensates by : Thomas Paul Billam

Download or read book Bright Solitary Waves and Non-equilibrium Dynamics in Atomic Bose-Einstein Condensates written by Thomas Paul Billam and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this thesis we investigate the static properties and non-equilibrium dynamics of bright solitary waves in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates in the zero-temperature limit, and we investigate the non-equilibrium dynamics of a driven atomic Bose-Einstein condensate at finite temperature. Bright solitary waves in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates are non-dispersive and soliton-like matter-waves which could be used in future atom-interferometry experiments. Using the mean-field, Gross-Pitaevskii description, we propose an experimental scheme to generate pairs of bright solitary waves with controlled velocity and relative phase; this scheme could form an important part of a future atom interferometer, and we demonstrate that it can also be used to test the validity of the mean-field model of bright solitary waves. We also develop a method to quantitatively assess how soliton-like static, three-dimensional bright solitary waves are; this assessment is particularly relevant for the design of future experiments. In reality, the non-zero temperatures and highly non-equilibrium dynamics occurring in a bright solitary wave interferometer are likely to necessitate a theoretical description which explicitly accounts for the non-condensate fraction. We show that a second-order, number-conserving description offers a minimal self-consistent treatment of the relevant condensate -- non-condensate interactions at low temperatures and for moderate non-condensate fractions. We develop a method to obtain a fully-dynamical numerical solution to the integro-differential equations of motion of this description, and solve these equations for a driven, quasi-one-dimensional test system. We show that rapid non-condensate growth predicted by lower-order descriptions, and associated with linear dynamical instabilities, can be damped by the self-consistent treatment of interactions included in the second-order description.

Bose-Einstein Condensates and Atom Lasers

Author : S. Martellucci
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Bose-Einstein Condensates and Atom Lasers by : S. Martellucci

Download or read book Bose-Einstein Condensates and Atom Lasers written by S. Martellucci and published by Springer. This book was released on 2000-10-31 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation Physics researchers survey the methods used to produce, manipulate, and study the condensate in dilute atomic gases, which have generated a lot of excitement since their experimental demonstration in 1995. They emphasize the anticipated development of new types of sources for the novel macroscopic quantum system of coherent atoms. Such sources are looking more and more similar to the various types of lasers--pulsed, CW, mode locked--and likely to produce a revolution similar to that sparked by lasers four decades previously. The 23 papers comprise the proceedings of an international school of quantum electronics held in Erice, Italy in October 1999. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com).

Quantum Gas Experiments: Exploring Many-body States

Author : Paivi Torma
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 1783264772
Total Pages : 339 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (832 download)

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Book Synopsis Quantum Gas Experiments: Exploring Many-body States by : Paivi Torma

Download or read book Quantum Gas Experiments: Exploring Many-body States written by Paivi Torma and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2014-09-16 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantum phenomena of many-particle systems are fascinating in their complexity and are consequently not fully understood and largely untapped in terms of practical applications. Ultracold gases provide a unique platform to build up model systems of quantum many-body physics with highly controlled microscopic constituents. In this way, many-body quantum phenomena can be investigated with an unprecedented level of precision, and control and models that cannot be solved with present day computers may be studied using ultracold gases as a quantum simulator.This book addresses the need for a comprehensive description of the most important advanced experimental methods and techniques that have been developed along with the theoretical framework in a clear and applicable format. The focus is on methods that are especially crucial in probing and understanding the many-body nature of the quantum phenomena in ultracold gases and most topics are covered both from a theoretical and experimental viewpoint, with interrelated chapters written by experts from both sides of research.Graduate students and post-doctoral researches working on ultracold gases will benefit from this book, as well as researchers from other fields who wish to gain an overview of the recent fascinating developments in this very dynamically evolving field. Sufficient level of both detailed high level research and a pedagogical approach is maintained throughout the book so as to be of value to those entering the field as well as advanced researchers. Furthermore, both experimentalists and theorists will benefit from the book; close collaboration between the two are continuously driving the field to a very high level and will be strengthened to continue the important progress yet to be made in the field.

Atom Interferometry with Picokelvin Ensembles in Microgravity

Author : Merle Cornelius
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (134 download)

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Book Synopsis Atom Interferometry with Picokelvin Ensembles in Microgravity by : Merle Cornelius

Download or read book Atom Interferometry with Picokelvin Ensembles in Microgravity written by Merle Cornelius and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atom interferometry enables precision measurements with outstanding sensitivities in a broad field of applications, ranging from fundamental physics to applications in geodesy or navigation. The development of robust and mobile devices paves the way for future satellite missions, e.g. striving for improved spaceborne gravimetry or a precision test of the universality of free fall. The sensitivity of an atom interferometer scales quadratically with the interrogation time. Consequentially, exceptional sensitivities can be reached for interferometry with free evolving ensembles on time scales of several seconds, achievable by operating on a microgravity platform. Such long interrogation times necessarily require ensembles with ultra-low expansion rates, making collimated Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) the ideal input states. Therefore a method called magnetic lensing is used to narrow the momentum distribution. Together with the very good coherence properties of BECs, this reduces uncertainties in the interferometric measurement and enables high-fidelity beam splitter processes like Bragg diffraction. Within the scope of this thesis, a novel matter-wave lens system is presented to lower the internal kinetic energy of a BEC to the picokelvin regime, which is then used to perform interferometric measurements in microgravity. This is achieved with the QUANTUS-2 apparatus, a high-flux rubidium BEC machine based on atom chip technology, which operates at the drop tower in Bremen. Exploiting the excitation of a quadrupole mode in combination with a magnetic lens attains three-dimensional collimation of the BEC. With this technique, an unprecedented residual kinetic energy of $ sfrac{3}{2}k_B cdot38 ,$pK is achieved, where the ensemble is observed after an interrogation time of 2$ ,$s with a high signal-to-noise ratio. Upgrading the experiment to realize single and double Bragg diffraction enables the first demonstration of a double Bragg-based interferometer in microgravity with a retro-reflection setup. The symmetric splitting achieved with the double Bragg process doubles the enclosed interferometer area and reduces systematic effects compared to single diffraction techniques. A complete characterization is performed to optimize the beam splitting process and verify the feasibility of atom chip setups for interferometric measurements. The potential of magnetically lensed BECs for interferometric measurements is investigated by probing the spatial coherence. To this end, a novel application of shear interferometry is developed to investigate the divergence of the magnetically lensed ensemble in analogy to an optical shear plate. Based on the interferometry pattern, the imperfections of the magnetic lens potential are studied, and the lens strength is optimized. Shear interferometry even enables the spatially resolved determination of the BEC's velocity field based on the interferometry pattern. Consequentially, the internal kinetic energy can be deduced from a single absorption image. Especially compact, ground-based atom interferometers can profit from this characterization method since extended times of flight are not required. This shear interferometry represents a versatile tool to study BEC dynamics independently of the application in matter-wave optics. The first demonstration of interferometry with picokelvin atomic ensembles and the tools developed in this work provide the basis to realize atom interferometry on extended time scales of several seconds. This will ultimately enable future space missions to employ cold atom interferometry at unrivalled levels of precision.

Recapturing a Future for Space Exploration

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309163846
Total Pages : 464 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Recapturing a Future for Space Exploration by : National Research Council

Download or read book Recapturing a Future for Space Exploration written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-01-30 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than four decades have passed since a human first set foot on the Moon. Great strides have been made in our understanding of what is required to support an enduring human presence in space, as evidenced by progressively more advanced orbiting human outposts, culminating in the current International Space Station (ISS). However, of the more than 500 humans who have so far ventured into space, most have gone only as far as near-Earth orbit, and none have traveled beyond the orbit of the Moon. Achieving humans' further progress into the solar system had proved far more difficult than imagined in the heady days of the Apollo missions, but the potential rewards remain substantial. During its more than 50-year history, NASA's success in human space exploration has depended on the agency's ability to effectively address a wide range of biomedical, engineering, physical science, and related obstacles-an achievement made possible by NASA's strong and productive commitments to life and physical sciences research for human space exploration, and by its use of human space exploration infrastructures for scientific discovery. The Committee for the Decadal Survey of Biological and Physical Sciences acknowledges the many achievements of NASA, which are all the more remarkable given budgetary challenges and changing directions within the agency. In the past decade, however, a consequence of those challenges has been a life and physical sciences research program that was dramatically reduced in both scale and scope, with the result that the agency is poorly positioned to take full advantage of the scientific opportunities offered by the now fully equipped and staffed ISS laboratory, or to effectively pursue the scientific research needed to support the development of advanced human exploration capabilities. Although its review has left it deeply concerned about the current state of NASA's life and physical sciences research, the Committee for the Decadal Survey on Biological and Physical Sciences in Space is nevertheless convinced that a focused science and engineering program can achieve successes that will bring the space community, the U.S. public, and policymakers to an understanding that we are ready for the next significant phase of human space exploration. The goal of this report is to lay out steps and develop a forward-looking portfolio of research that will provide the basis for recapturing the excitement and value of human spaceflight-thereby enabling the U.S. space program to deliver on new exploration initiatives that serve the nation, excite the public, and place the United States again at the forefront of space exploration for the global good.

Fundamental Physics in Space

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 84 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Fundamental Physics in Space by :

Download or read book Fundamental Physics in Space written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Molecular Beams in Physics and Chemistry

Author : Bretislav Friedrich
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030639630
Total Pages : 639 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (36 download)

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Book Synopsis Molecular Beams in Physics and Chemistry by : Bretislav Friedrich

Download or read book Molecular Beams in Physics and Chemistry written by Bretislav Friedrich and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-06-19 with total page 639 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Open Access book gives a comprehensive account of both the history and current achievements of molecular beam research. In 1919, Otto Stern launched the revolutionary molecular beam technique. This technique made it possible to send atoms and molecules with well-defined momentum through vacuum and to measure with high accuracy the deflections they underwent when acted upon by transversal forces. These measurements revealed unforeseen quantum properties of nuclei, atoms, and molecules that became the basis for our current understanding of quantum matter. This volume shows that many key areas of modern physics and chemistry owe their beginnings to the seminal molecular beam work of Otto Stern and his school. Written by internationally recognized experts, the contributions in this volume will help experienced researchers and incoming graduate students alike to keep abreast of current developments in molecular beam research as well as to appreciate the history and evolution of this powerful method and the knowledge it reveals.

Bose-Einstein Condensation

Author : Lev. P. Pitaevskii
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780198507192
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis Bose-Einstein Condensation by : Lev. P. Pitaevskii

Download or read book Bose-Einstein Condensation written by Lev. P. Pitaevskii and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2003-04-03 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bose-Einstein Condensation represents a new state of matter and is one of the cornerstones of quantum physics, resulting in the 2001 Nobel Prize. Providing a useful introduction to one of the most exciting field of physics today, this text will be of interest to a growing community of physicists, and is easily accessible to non-specialists alike.