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Assessment Of Seasonal Chlorination Practices And Impacts To Chloraminating Utilities
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Book Synopsis Seasonal Chlorination Practices and Impacts to Chloraminating Utilities by : Peter J. Vikesland
Download or read book Seasonal Chlorination Practices and Impacts to Chloraminating Utilities written by Peter J. Vikesland and published by American Water Works Association. This book was released on 2007-02 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chloramines are widely used to maintain a disinfectant residual in water distribution systems, but can result in nitrification. This research documents the effectiveness of free chlorine for the control of nitrifying bacteria, evaluates the effect of pipe materials on nitrifying bacteria, and determines how DPBs change as a result of the switch to free chlorine.
Book Synopsis Assessment of Seasonal Chlorination Practices and Impacts to Chloraminating Utilities by :
Download or read book Assessment of Seasonal Chlorination Practices and Impacts to Chloraminating Utilities written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this project were to (1) document the effectiveness of free chlorine for the control of nitrifying bacteria, (2) evaluate how different distribution system pipe materials affect nitrifying biofilm consortia, and (3) determine how DBP concentrations change as a result of the switch from monochloramine to free chlorine. BACKGROUND: Utilities that have difficulty maintaining free chlorine residuals in their distribution systems, or that are unable to attain the minimum DBP concentrations set by regulation, often switch to chloramines as secondary disinfectants. Unfortunately, chloraminated distribution systems are biologically unstable in that they may promote nitrifying bacteria growth. The prevention and control of nitrification is a concern for chloraminating utilities as it is identified with disinfectant loss and facilitation of heterotrophic biological growth.
Book Synopsis Seasonal Chlorination Practices and Impacts to Chloraminating Utilities by : Peter J. Vikesland
Download or read book Seasonal Chlorination Practices and Impacts to Chloraminating Utilities written by Peter J. Vikesland and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2007-05-31 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Utilities that have difficulty maintaining free chlorine residuals in their distribution systems, or that are unable to attain the minimum DBP concentrations set by regulation, often switch to chloramines as secondary disinfectants. Unfortunately, chloraminated distribution systems are biologically unstable in that they may promote nitrifying bacteria growth. The prevention and control of nitrification is a concern for chloraminating utilities as it is identified with disinfectant loss and facilitation of heterotrophic biological growth. This study has shown that a periodic switch from a chloramine residual to a free chlorine residual may not be sufficient for long-term control of nitrification within a chloraminated distribution system. Given the higher levels of DBPs observed following a switch to free chlorine, utilities may be better served by careful maintenance of their ammonia feed such that nitrification episodes are minimized.
Book Synopsis Seasonal Chlorination Practices and Impacts to Chloraminating Utilities by :
Download or read book Seasonal Chlorination Practices and Impacts to Chloraminating Utilities written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Utilties that have difficulty maintaining free chlorine residuals in their distribution systems, or that are unable to attain the minimum disinfection by-product (DBP) concentrations ... often switch to chloramines as secondary disinfectants. Chloramines are weaker disinfectants than free chlorine... Unfortunately, chloraminated distribution systems are biologically unstable in that they may promote growth of nitrifying bacteria. The goal of this project was to improve understanding of how water quality changes as a result of a temporal switch from a monochloramine residual to a free chlorine residual.
Book Synopsis Water Chlorination and Chloramination Practices and Principles, 2nd Ed. (M20) by : AWWA Staff
Download or read book Water Chlorination and Chloramination Practices and Principles, 2nd Ed. (M20) written by AWWA Staff and published by American Water Works Association. This book was released on 2011-01-12 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Long-Term Effects of Disinfection Changes on Water Quality by : John E. Dyksen
Download or read book Long-Term Effects of Disinfection Changes on Water Quality written by John E. Dyksen and published by American Water Works Association. This book was released on 2007 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In response to many U.S. water utilities that are considering changing disinfectants from chlorine to alternative disinfectants, this research has been undertaken to gain knowledge of long-term effects.
Book Synopsis Drinking Water Distribution Systems by : National Research Council
Download or read book Drinking Water Distribution Systems written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-01-22 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Protecting and maintaining water distributions systems is crucial to ensuring high quality drinking water. Distribution systems-consisting of pipes, pumps, valves, storage tanks, reservoirs, meters, fittings, and other hydraulic appurtenances-carry drinking water from a centralized treatment plant or well supplies to consumers' taps. Spanning almost 1 million miles in the United States, distribution systems represent the vast majority of physical infrastructure for water supplies, and thus constitute the primary management challenge from both an operational and public health standpoint. Recent data on waterborne disease outbreaks suggest that distribution systems remain a source of contamination that has yet to be fully addressed. This report evaluates approaches for risk characterization and recent data, and it identifies a variety of strategies that could be considered to reduce the risks posed by water-quality deteriorating events in distribution systems. Particular attention is given to backflow events via cross connections, the potential for contamination of the distribution system during construction and repair activities, maintenance of storage facilities, and the role of premise plumbing in public health risk. The report also identifies advances in detection, monitoring and modeling, analytical methods, and research and development opportunities that will enable the water supply industry to further reduce risks associated with drinking water distribution systems.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :030949382X Total Pages :291 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Management of Legionella in Water Systems by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Management of Legionella in Water Systems written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-02-20 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Legionnaires' disease, a pneumonia caused by the Legionella bacterium, is the leading cause of reported waterborne disease outbreaks in the United States. Legionella occur naturally in water from many different environmental sources, but grow rapidly in the warm, stagnant conditions that can be found in engineered water systems such as cooling towers, building plumbing, and hot tubs. Humans are primarily exposed to Legionella through inhalation of contaminated aerosols into the respiratory system. Legionnaires' disease can be fatal, with between 3 and 33 percent of Legionella infections leading to death, and studies show the incidence of Legionnaires' disease in the United States increased five-fold from 2000 to 2017. Management of Legionella in Water Systems reviews the state of science on Legionella contamination of water systems, specifically the ecology and diagnosis. This report explores the process of transmission via water systems, quantification, prevention and control, and policy and training issues that affect the incidence of Legionnaires' disease. It also analyzes existing knowledge gaps and recommends research priorities moving forward.
Author :Gregory J. Kirmeyer Publisher :American Water Works Association ISBN 13 :9781583213315 Total Pages :278 pages Book Rating :4.2/5 (133 download)
Book Synopsis Optimizing Chloramine Treatment by : Gregory J. Kirmeyer
Download or read book Optimizing Chloramine Treatment written by Gregory J. Kirmeyer and published by American Water Works Association. This book was released on 2004 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This manual recommends optimal operational criteria for chloramine application to enhance and protect distribution system water quality. It examines the chemical characteristics of chloramines, documents the use of chloramines with case studies, and provides planning, design, startup, and monitoring strategies for optimizing the use of chloramines.
Book Synopsis Inspecting & Cleaning Potable Water Storage by : Ron Perrin
Download or read book Inspecting & Cleaning Potable Water Storage written by Ron Perrin and published by Xlibris Corporation. This book was released on 2009-08-14 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is no available information at this time. Author will provide once available.
Book Synopsis Formation and Decay of Disinfection By-products in the Distribution System by :
Download or read book Formation and Decay of Disinfection By-products in the Distribution System written by and published by American Water Works Association. This book was released on 2006 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of this project was to understand the formation and decay of selected DBPs in full-scale distribution systems focusing on the four THMs and the nine HAAs, as well as individual THM and HAA species. Because of its critical nature, NDMA was also included. The project objectives were: evaluate the critical factors that affect THM and HAA behavior in distribution systems; determine the fate and behavior of NDMA in distribution systems; evaluate the effect of pipe material and diameter on the fate of DBPs in distribution systems; examine the effect of storage reservoirs / tanks and booster chlorination stations on THM, HAA and NDMA concentrations; evaluate the changes in DBP concentrations and speciation when a system seasonally switches from chloramines to free chlorine to limit potential nitrification episodes....
Book Synopsis Disinfection By-Products in Drinking Water by : M Fielding
Download or read book Disinfection By-Products in Drinking Water written by M Fielding and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1999-01-01 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together contributors from water regulators, and water suppliers in Europe and North America to discuss the main issues associated with reaching a cost-effective balance between microbial and chemical risks. Overviews of research are presented alongside illuminating case studies of the practical approaches taken by water companies and regulators on both sides of the Atlantic.
Book Synopsis Fundamentals and Control of Nitrification in Chloraminated Drinking Water Distribution Systems (M56) by : AWWA Staff
Download or read book Fundamentals and Control of Nitrification in Chloraminated Drinking Water Distribution Systems (M56) written by AWWA Staff and published by American Water Works Association. This book was released on 2011-01-12 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This brand new manual was written because of the increased use of chloramine as a residual disinfectant in drinking water distribution systems and the ubiquitous presence of nitrifying bacteria in the environment. Chapters cover background information on the occurrence and microbiology of nitrification in various water environments and provide current practical approaches to nitrification prevention and response. This manual provides a compendium of the current state-of-the-art knowledge, however with quickly developing new advances in nitrification, more writings will be forthcoming. Each chapter can be read independently.
Book Synopsis Heterotrophic Plate Counts and Drinking-water Safety by : Bartram J.
Download or read book Heterotrophic Plate Counts and Drinking-water Safety written by Bartram J. and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2003-11-06 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text prepared by an international group of experts addresses the 'heterotrophic plate count' test which is widely used in drinking-water assessment: what it detects (and what it does not detect) its direct and indirect health significance and its use in the safety management of drinking water supplies. It includes the consensus statement from an expert review meeting and takes account of the presentations and posters at an international conference on the theme co-sponsored by WHO and NSF-International. It provides valuable information on the utility and the limitations of HPC data in the management and operation of piped water systems as well as other means of providing drinking water to the public. It is of particular value to piped public water suppliers and bottled water suppliers manufacturers and users of water treatment and transmission equipment and inline treatment devices water engineers sanitary and clinical microbiologists and national and local public health officials and regulators of drinking water quality. ...The book will be of great value to the piped public water suppliers bottled water suppliers manufacturers users of water treatment and transmission equipment and online treatment device makers water supply engineers sanitary engineers clinical and water microbiologists national and local public health officials and regulators of drinking-water quality. - Indian Journal of Medical Research
Book Synopsis Guidance Manual for Compliance with the Filtration and Disinfection Requirements for Public Water Systems Using Surface Water Sources by : David J. Hiltebrand
Download or read book Guidance Manual for Compliance with the Filtration and Disinfection Requirements for Public Water Systems Using Surface Water Sources written by David J. Hiltebrand and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This manual suggests design operating and performance criteria for specific surface water quality conditions to provide the optimum protection from microbiological contaminants.
Book Synopsis Environmental Health Perspectives by :
Download or read book Environmental Health Perspectives written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Water Treatment Manual written by and published by . This book was released on 19?? with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
