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Download or read book Assessment of Low Grade Geothermal Resources written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Analysis of Low-Temperature Utilization of Geothermal Resources written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Full realization of the potential of what might be considered "low-grade" geothermal resources will require that we examine many more uses for the heat than traditional electricity generation. To demonstrate that geothermal energy truly has the potential to be a national energy source we will be designing, assessing, and evaluating innovative uses for geothermal-produced water such as hybrid biomass-geothermal cogeneration of electricity and district heating and efficiency improvements to the use of cellulosic biomass in addition to utilization of geothermal in district heating for community redevelopment projects. The objectives of this project were: 1) to perform a techno-economic analysis of the integration and utilization potential of low-temperature geothermal sources. Innovative uses of low-enthalpy geothermal water were designed and examined for their ability to offset fossil fuels and decrease CO2 emissions. 2) To perform process optimizations and economic analyses of processes that can utilize low-temperature geothermal fluids. These processes included electricity generation using biomass and district heating systems. 3) To scale up and generalize the results of three case study locations to develop a regionalized model of the utilization of low-temperature geothermal resources. A national-level, GIS-based, low-temperature geothermal resource supply model was developed and used to develop a series of national supply curves. We performed an in-depth analysis of the low-temperature geothermal resources that dominate the eastern half of the United States. The final products of this study include 17 publications, an updated version of the cost estimation software GEOPHIRES, and direct-use supply curves for low-temperature utilization of geothermal resources. The supply curves for direct use geothermal include utilization from known hydrothermal, undiscovered hydrothermal, and near-hydrothermal EGS resources and presented these results at the Stanford Geothermal Workshop. We also have incorporated our wellbore model into TOUGH2-EGS and began coding TOUGH2-EGS with the wellbore model into GEOPHIRES as a reservoir thermal drawdown option. Additionally, case studies for the WVU and Cornell campuses were performed to assess the potential for district heating and cooling at these two eastern U.S. sites.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 580 pages
Book Rating : 4.X/5 (4 download)
Download or read book Blue Book on Geothermal Resources written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : University of Arizona. Geological Survey Branch
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)
Download or read book Low-temperature geothermal reservoir site evaluation in Arizona written by University of Arizona. Geological Survey Branch and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Assessment of Low- to Moderate-temperature Geothermal Resources of Nevada written by and published by . This book was released on 19?? with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Serkan Arkan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 105 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (544 download)
Download or read book Assessment of Low Temperature Geothermal Resources written by Serkan Arkan and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Futures Group
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 574 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (2 download)
Download or read book A Technology Assessment of Geothermal Energy Resource Development written by Futures Group and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Gloria Andrea Aguirre
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 501 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Geothermal Resource Assessment written by Gloria Andrea Aguirre and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historically, the Northeastern United States has not been carefully explored for geothermal resources mainly because of its low-grade category, which does not make it feasible for electricity generation in today's energy markets. Advanced technologies, such as Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS), have shown potential for using low-grade resources for both direct thermal use for heating and cooling and combined heat and power applications (CHP) (Tester et al., 2006; Tester et al., 2010). Interest in geothermal has fluctuated over the last 40 years, since uncertainties in resource maps, coupled with expected high drilling costs often minimize the viability of low-grade geothermal resources relative to the cost of current alternatives, such as natural gas. Research in this area continues to be done with the hope of exploiting the many economic, social, and political benefits this renewable energy has to offer. This thesis develops and compares methods for the assessment of geothermal characteristics of a region and their estimates of the uncertainty in the assessments. In addition, this thesis uses such methods to provide an assessment of the geothermal characteristics of the New York - Pennsylvania region for which drill-log information is available. This thesis has 5 major sections corresponding to 9 chapters. Chapters 1 and 2 provide an introduction to the thesis and the analysis. Chapter 3 discusses methods for developing thermal resource characteristics. Specifically, bottom-hole temperature (BHT) corrections and equations used to describe geothermal gradient, average thermal conductivity, surface heat flow, and temperature-at-depth are discussed. Chapters 4 and 5 provide an analysis of the geology and available well data for the Appalachian Basin of New York and Pennsylvania. Chapter 5 recommends methods for the detection of anomalies or outlying values within large datasets. Chapters 6 and 7 recommend methods for the assessment of geothermal characteristics for the Appalachian Basin of New York and Pennsylvania, as well as estimates of the uncertainty in the assessment. Chapter 8 provides a comparison of the estimates reported in Chapter 6 and 7 and reports the performance of each method. Chapter 9 provides the conclusions of the thesis and the analysis.
Author : Marshall J. Reed
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 73 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (836 download)
Download or read book Assessment of Low-temperature Geothermal Resources of the United States--1982 written by Marshall J. Reed and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Agnes Geroso Reyes
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 86 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book A Preliminary Evaluation of Sources of Geothermal Energy for Direct Heat Use written by Agnes Geroso Reyes and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 164 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)
Download or read book Assessment of Geothermal Resources of the United States, 1975 written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (16 download)
Download or read book Low-temperature Resource Assessment Program. Final Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The US Department of Energy - Geothermal Division (DOE/GD) recently sponsored the Low-Temperature Resource Assessment project to update the inventory of the nations̀ low- and moderate-temperature geothermal resources and to encourage development of these resources. A database of 8,977 thermal wells and springs that are in the temperature range of 20°C to 150°C has been compiled for ten western states, an impressive increase of 82% compared to the previous assessments. The database includes location, descriptive data, physical parameters, water chemistry and references for sources of data. Computer-generated maps are also available for each state. State Teams have identified 48 high-priority areas for near-term comprehensive resource studies and development. Resources with temperatures greater than 50°C located within 8 km of a population center were identified for 271 collocated cities. Geothermal energy cost evaluation software has been developed to quickly identify the cost of geothermally supplied heat to these areas in a fashion similar to that used for conventionally fueled heat sources.
Author : United States. Department of Energy. Division of Geothermal Energy
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Evaluation of geothermal energy exploration and resource assessment written by United States. Department of Energy. Division of Geothermal Energy and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Assessment of Low-temperature Geothermal Resources of the United States - 1982 written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Separate abstracts were prepared for six papers. (MHR).
Author : R. Harrison
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1483287459
Total Pages : 573 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (832 download)
Download or read book Geothermal Heating written by R. Harrison and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 573 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To date all books on geothermics have emphasized its use for generating electricity, with applications of lower grade resources for direct heating meriting only a brief chapter. This book brings together research from a range of scientific journals and 'grey' literature to produce the first comprehensive text on geothermal heating. Economics form an important part of the book. It provides a step by step analysis of the various ways in which thermal waters can be used to provide space heating and of the advantages and disadvantages of different approaches. The final section of the book provides case studies of 31 geothermal heating schemes in France, USA and Iceland.
Author : Elaina Nicole Shope
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 169 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (826 download)
Download or read book A Detailed Approach to Low-grade Geothermal Esources in the Appalachian Basin of New York and Pennsylvania written by Elaina Nicole Shope and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The potential to utilize widespread low -grade geothermal resources of the Northeastern U.S. for thermal direct use and combined heat and power applications can be realized using technologies embodied in Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS). In lower grade regions, accurate knowledge of small variations in te mperature gradient will be crucial to the economic viability of EGS development. In order to facilitate EGS project placement and design, this study draws a more complete picture of geothermal resources in the Northeastern United States-with a particular focus on New York and Pennsylvania-by incorporating thousands of new temperature-depth data collected as a result of continuing drilling for petroleum and natural gas in the region. Using these new data, a series of maps covering the Appalachian Basin of New York and Pennsylvania were produced that show variations in subsurface thermal gradient, surface heat flow, and projected temperature at depth . The increased spatial accuracy and resolution compared to earlier geothermal maps of the Northeast U.S. illu minate better spatial variations in the resource quality, and have a much smaller degree of uncertainty in both extent and magnitude. The maps indicate that the temperatures required for direct -use applications are available at economically viable drillin g depths (shallower than 6 km) over a majority of the region. Although much was learned by using a simplified geological model of the Appalachian Basin of Pennsylvania and New York that enabled the rapid incorporation of temperature-depth data, geologic heterogeneities must be incorporated into the sedimentary model with corresponding heat flow and temperature at depth calculations in order to better represent the availability of low-grade geothermal resources. An improved sedimentary model accounts for Precambrian faults and variations in overall sediment thickness that result from those faults in the state of Pennsylvania. Visual comparison of the maps produced using the initial, simple model shows that the location of the Rome Trough half-graben in the southwestern and central parts of Pennsylvania aligns with a trend of above-average geothermal gradient (30°C/km) and heat flow (70 mW/m2) in an area of high data density. Thus the geologic model was refined to include the strata filling the Rome Trough, with a concomitant adjustment in the equation for the projected temperature at depth. It is possible that the Rome Trough basement faults are related to the locations of basement intrusions and enhanced deep basin fluid flow, which could result in increased radiogenic heat generation and convective heat transport, respectively . Evaluation of these variables across the study area would increase certainty regarding the location of temperature anomalies and help to better identify areas with ideal charact eristics for EGS development.
Author : George Raymond Stutz
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 174 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (826 download)
Download or read book Development, Analysis, and Application of a Well by Well Method for Estimating Surface Heat Flow for Regional Geothermal Resource Assessment written by George Raymond Stutz and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The potential to utilize widespread low-grade geothermal resources of the Northeastern U.S. for thermal direct use and combined heat and power applications can be realized using technologies embodied in Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS). In lower grade regions, accurate knowledge of small variations in temperature gradient will be crucial to the economic viability of EGS development. To accurately map local temperature variations, resource assessments have relied largely on bottom hole temperature (BHT) measurements, primarily from oil and gas wells. As the volume of BHT data grows due to increased drilling activity, the ability to quickly analyze and incorporate additional data is critical. To accomplish this task, a thermal model was developed that is a refined and streamlined version of work previously started at Southern Methodist University (SMU) to map out the heat flow of the entire nation. The model developed for this work expands on their contributions and makes it much easier to incorporate the large amounts of data collected. Also, by being developed in Visual Basic for Applications, an Excel add-on, it is hoped that the model will help researchers at all levels of academia, government, and private industry look to EGS as a possible energy source. In order to facilitate EGS project placement and design, the model was used to draw a more complete picture of geothermal resources in the Northeastern United States, with a particular focus on New York and Pennsylvania, by incorporating thousands of new temperature-depth data collected as a result of continuing drilling for unconventional natural gas in the region. This project follows the entire evolution of an organic geothermal resource study from data collection to map production. Well data in the form of archived oil and gas well logs were collected from SMU, the Pennsylvania Geological Survey, the New York State Museum, and the New York State Department of Environ- mental Conservation. Using these new data, a series of maps covering the Appalachian Basin of New York and Pennsylvania were produced that show variations in subsurface thermal gradient and surface heat flow. The increased spatial accuracy and resolution compared to earlier geothermal maps of the Northeast U.S. illuminate better spatial variations in the resource quality and have a much smaller degree of uncertainty in both extent and magnitude. The maps indicate that the temperatures required for direct-use applications are available at technically viable drilling depths over a majority of the region. Smaller hot spot areas of higher than average heat flow are found in the Pennsylvania counties of Indiana, McKean, Lawrence, and Warren, as well as Cayuga County in New York. These anomalies represent the most ideal candidates for further exploration and characterization of their EGS potential. The model was then subjected to rigorous uncertainty analysis using Oracle Crystal Ball, a commercially available Monte Carlo simulator. This work integrated increasing complexity in the sedimentary cover of the Appalachian basin to test the precision of the predicted temperature at 6 km under Steuben County, NY. The results indicate that while the model does have inherent limitations that the user must be mindful of, it predicts temperature to a degree of precision and accuracy that is reasonable given its original purpose of incorporating very large datasets in an efficient manner.
