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Assessment Of Executive Functioning In Binge Eating Disorder Independent Of Weight Status
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Book Synopsis ASSESSMENT OF EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONING IN BINGE EATING DISORDER INDEPENDENT OF WEIGHT STATUS by : Kalina Eneva
Download or read book ASSESSMENT OF EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONING IN BINGE EATING DISORDER INDEPENDENT OF WEIGHT STATUS written by Kalina Eneva and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Executive functioning (EF) problems may serve as vulnerability or maintenance factors for Binge-Eating Disorder (BED). However, it is unclear if EF problems observed in BED are related to overweight status or BED status. The current study extends this literature by examining EF in overweight-BED (n=32), normal-weight BED (n=23), overweight healthy controls (n=48), and normal-weight healthy controls (n=48). Participants were administered an EF battery which utilized tests from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) toolkit and Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS). After controlling for years of education and minority status, overweight individuals with and without BED performed more poorly than normal-weight individuals with and without BED on a task of cognitive flexibility (p
Book Synopsis Determinants of Addiction by : Justin R. Yates
Download or read book Determinants of Addiction written by Justin R. Yates and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-12-03 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why can two people use a drug and one person becomes addicted while the other does not? Determinants of Addiction: Neurobiological, Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sociocultural Factors unravels the complexities underlying addiction to understand how individual factors at the genetic, cellular, anatomical, cognitive–behavioral, and sociocultural level can influence susceptibility to substance use disorders. The first section reviews the neurobiological determinants of addiction and examines how drugs hijack the reward pathway and alter numerous neurotransmitter systems such as dopamine. The second section covers the behavioral–cognitive determinants of addiction such a conditioning, memory processes, and decision-making. The final section examines individual differences in addiction vulnerability, with a focus on personality factors, sociocultural factors, sex/gender, and stress. The book references commonly used drugs such as nicotine, ethanol (alcohol), opioids, and cocaine. - Explores differentiating factors that influence why people develop a substance use disorder - Introduces the cellular and anatomical pathways of addiction - Identifies genes implicated in substance use disorders - Reviews role of conditioning in the development of substance use disorders - Includes personality, sex/gender and sociocultural factors in addiction - Discusses the influence of peers and stress on addiction process
Book Synopsis An Investigation of the Neurocognitive Profile of Binge Eating Disorder by : Stephanie M. Manasse
Download or read book An Investigation of the Neurocognitive Profile of Binge Eating Disorder written by Stephanie M. Manasse and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although current interventions for BED are moderately effective, long-term binge abstinence and weight control are a challenge. Adding neurocognitive targets to intervention has the potential to improve treatment for BED, but the neurocognition of binge eating and binge eating disorder (BED) is currently poorly understood. Very preliminary evidence suggests that executive functions (EF), which are comprised of diverse, overlapping frontal lobe processes that enable an individual to engage in self-initiated, healthy, and adaptive behavior may be weak in individuals with BED. Weaknesses in specific processes that may be associated with binge eating are inhibitory control (inhibiting a prepotent response towards a stimuli), cognitive flexibility (the ability to flexibly generate strategies), decision-making (prioritizing immediate versus delayed reward), and working memory (the ability to keep goal-relevant information online). However, at this time, evidence is mixed as to whether individuals with BED show deficits in these areas, potentially due to significant methodological weaknesses in the studies that comprise the current literature. The current study compared several dimensions of EF in a sample of overweight women with (n=31) and without (n=43) full and sub-threshold BED, with the aim of conducting a thorough investigation of the neurocognitive profile of binge eating. A neuropsychological battery (including tests of inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility, delayed discounting, and working memory), a palatable-foods implicit attitudes task, and a self-report measure of food reactivity were administered to all participants before entry into either a behavioral weight loss program or cognitive-behavioral treatment for BED. Results indicate that after controlling for IQ and age, individuals with BED displayed poorer performance on tasks of executive planning and inhibitory control, and also displayed higher prioritization of immediate versus delayed rewards compared to the control group. The pattern of results remained unchanged when depression was added as a covariate. Full and sub-threshold BED groups did not differ in performance on any executive functioning tasks. Additionally, the combination of less positive implicit attitudes towards highly palatable food and poor inhibitory control was associated with higher frequency of binge episodes in the BED sample. Results suggest a distinct neurocognitive profile associated with binge eating, independent of weight status and frequency and size of binge episodes. Implications include testing of treatment components that target such executive functioning deficits, and future research should examine what deficits predict or moderate outcome in psychological treatments.
Download or read book Binge Eating written by Guido K.W. Frank and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-06-01 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive overview of our current understanding of binge eating, which is characterized by the uncontrollable consumption of large amounts of food in a discrete time period. Written by experts on eating disorders, it first introduces the phenotype of binge eating, including its epidemiology and assessment. It then describes the underlying neurobiological alterations, drawing on cutting-edge animal models and human studies to do so. In addition, it extensively discusses current treatment models, including medication, psychotherapy, self-interventions and disease prevention. Lastly, an outlook on the future research agenda rounds out the coverage. Given binge eating’s current status as an under-researched symptom, but one shared across many eating disorders, this book provides an up-to-date, integrative and comprehensive synthesis of recent research and offers a valuable reference for scientists and clinicians alike.
Book Synopsis Eating Disorders Review by : Stephen Wonderlich
Download or read book Eating Disorders Review written by Stephen Wonderlich and published by Radcliffe Publishing. This book was released on 2005 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This critical summary of current literature on eating disorders aims to keep researchers and health practitioners informed on the clinical implications of new studies. It is the first volume in what's projected as an annual review that will highlight topics related to the major aspects of eating disorders.
Book Synopsis Extreme Eating Behaviours by : Hubertus Himmerich
Download or read book Extreme Eating Behaviours written by Hubertus Himmerich and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-03-03 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Psychosocial Assessment and Treatment of Bariatric Surgery Patients by : James E. Mitchell
Download or read book Psychosocial Assessment and Treatment of Bariatric Surgery Patients written by James E. Mitchell and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2012-04-27 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bariatric surgery plays an important role in the treatment of obesity; in this comprehensive resource the worldwide leaders of the field provide the most up-to-date information on the psychosocial issues that affect their patients. Included is an overview and history of surgical procedures, complete with illustrations, practical advice on topics such as physical activity and nutritional care after surgery, and essential information that allows clinicians to assist their clients as much as possible; for example, how pre-weight loss surgery psychosocial evaluations can serve as clinical interventions in their own right, and how structured interviews and questionnaires can be used in multiple contexts such as screening, treatment planning, and prognostic assessment. A distinctive chapter includes an overview of the special issues present in treating adolescents, who increasingly are the target of bariatric surgery procedures. This book is an essential reference for clinicians from the evaluation through the follow-up and aftercare of bariatric surgery patients.
Book Synopsis Associations Between Binge Eating and Executive Functioning Among Young Women by : Nichole Rhea Kelly
Download or read book Associations Between Binge Eating and Executive Functioning Among Young Women written by Nichole Rhea Kelly and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Binge eating is a pervasive disordered eating behavior associated with numerous psychological and physical comorbidities. Preliminary research indicates that emotion regulation difficulties, behavioral impulsivity, and executive dysfunction may contribute to the onset and/or maintenance of these behaviors. However, few studies have utilized neuropsychological measures to examine this link, and the assessment of behavioral and cognitive emotion regulation strategies are limited in scope. The purpose of the current study was to gain a deeper understanding of the emotional, behavioral and cognitive processes associated with binge eating behavior. Greater clarity regarding how these factors relate to binge eating is critical to the development of effective treatment and prevention efforts. To address these aims, the current study examined the executive functioning, depression, behavioral impulsivity, distress tolerance, and emotion regulation strategies of 50 women engaging in weekly binge eating in the absence of compensatory behaviors; their outcomes were compared to 66 women with no history of binge eating. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that groups did not significantly differ in executive functioning after controlling for depression, state anxiety, body mass, psychopharmaceutical use, and general intelligence; nonetheless, correlation analyses suggest that, among the binge eating group, individuals endorsing more frequent binge eating might have greater difficulties thinking flexibly or shifting attention. Secondary analyses indicated that individuals who binge eat are more depressed, are more likely to engage in impulsive behavior (but only when distressed), have more difficulties tolerating distress, are more likely to engage in rumination, self-blame, and catastrophizing, and less likely to focus on the positive. Although the current study is unable to determine whether these cognitive, emotional, and behavioral factors precede or follow binge eating episodes, outcomes have clinical implications. Specifically, programs focused on the prevention and treatment of binge eating should help individuals learn to better identify and tolerate difficult affective states and to utilize more adaptive means of coping. Outcomes also provide important directions for future research, including longitudinal designs to better understand the temporal associations of the current study's variables, as well as suggestions to broaden and standardize neuropsychological assessment and scoring procedures to facilitate comparisons across studies.
Book Synopsis Behavioral Neurobiology of Eating Disorders by : Roger A.H. Adan
Download or read book Behavioral Neurobiology of Eating Disorders written by Roger A.H. Adan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-01-18 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The intention of this book was to have investigators describe an expert opinion on their field of research and cutting-edge work in their laboratory on the neurobiology and treatment of eating disorders.
Book Synopsis Obesity and Binge Eating Disorder by : Simone Munsch
Download or read book Obesity and Binge Eating Disorder written by Simone Munsch and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Overweight and obesity have quite recently become a major problem affecting many countries worldwide. This publication gives a comprehensive overview on the current knowledge of the pathophysiological mechanisms in the regulation of hunger and satiety. An
Book Synopsis Impulsivity and Compulsivity by : John M. Oldham
Download or read book Impulsivity and Compulsivity written by John M. Oldham and published by American Psychiatric Pub. This book was released on 1996 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traditionally, impulsive and compulsive behaviors have been categorized as fundamentally distinct. However, patients often exhibit both of these behaviors. This common comorbidity has sparked renewed interest in the factors contributing to the disorders in which these behaviors are prominent. Impulsivity and Compulsivity applies a provocative spectrum model to this psychopathology. The spectrum model is consistent with a dimensional model for psychopathology and considers the dynamic interaction of biopsychosocial forces in the development of impulsive and compulsive disorders. In this important work on impulsive/compulsive psychopathology, leading researchers and clinicians share their expertise on the phenomenological, biological, psychodynamic, and treatment aspects of these disorders. Differential diagnosis, comorbidity of the impulsive-compulsive spectrum of disorders, and assessment by the seven-factor model of temperament and character are discussed. Chapters are also dedicated to the antianxiety function of impulsivity and compulsivity, defense mechanisms in impulsive disorders versus obsessive-compulsive disorders, and the unique aspects of psychotherapy with impulsive and compulsive patients. Clinical researchers and clinicians will be enlightened by this exceptional work. The information provided is supplemented with clinical vignettes, and the final chapter provides a synthetic summary that offers a unified, dynamic approach to impulsive and compulsive behavior.
Book Synopsis Executive Functions by : Russell A. Barkley
Download or read book Executive Functions written by Russell A. Barkley and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2012-05-09 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This groundbreaking book offers a comprehensive theory of executive functioning (EF) with important clinical implications. Synthesizing cutting-edge neuropsychological and evolutionary research, Russell A. Barkley presents a model of EF that is rooted in meaningful activities of daily life. He describes how abilities such as emotion regulation, self-motivation, planning, and working memory enable people to pursue both personal and collective goals that are critical to survival. Key stages of EF development are identified and the far-reaching individual and social costs of EF deficits detailed. Barkley explains specific ways that his model may support much-needed advances in assessment and treatment. See also Barkley's empirically based, ecologically valid assessment tools: Barkley Deficits in Executive Functioning Scale (BDEFS for Adults) and Barkley Deficits in Executive Functioning Scale--Children and Adolescents (BDEFS-CA).
Book Synopsis Food and Addiction by : Kelly D. Brownell
Download or read book Food and Addiction written by Kelly D. Brownell and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-08-30 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Can certain foods hijack the brain in ways similar to drugs and alcohol, and is this effect sufficiently strong to contribute to major diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and heart disease, and hence constitute a public health menace? Terms like "chocoholic" and "food addict" are part of popular lore, some popular diet books discuss the concept of addiction, and there are food addiction programs with names like Food Addicts in Recovery Anonymous. Clinicians who work with patients often hear the language of addiction when individuals speak of irresistible cravings, withdrawal symptoms when starting a diet, and increasing intake of palatable foods over time. But what does science show, and how strong is the evidence that food and addiction is a real and important phenomenon? Food and Addiction: A Comprehensive Handbook brings scientific order to the issue of food and addiction, spanning multiple disciplines to create the foundation for what is a rapidly advancing field and to highlight needed advances in science and public policy. The book assembles leading scientists and policy makers from fields such as nutrition, addiction, psychology, epidemiology, and public health to explore and analyze the scientific evidence for the addictive properties of food. It provides complete and comprehensive coverage of all subjects pertinent to food and addiction, from basic background information on topics such as food intake, metabolism, and environmental risk factors for obesity, to diagnostic criteria for food addiction, the evolutionary and developmental bases of eating addictions, and behavioral and pharmacologic interventions, to the clinical, public health, and legal and policy implications of recognizing the validity of food addiction. Each chapter reviews the available science and notes needed scientific advances in the field.
Book Synopsis Executive Function and Dysfunction by : Scott J. Hunter
Download or read book Executive Function and Dysfunction written by Scott J. Hunter and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-10-04 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a summary of executive function and dysfunction for practitioners, researchers and educators, including lifespan development, assessment, impact and interventions.
Book Synopsis Secondary Influences on Neuropsychological Test Performance by : Peter Arnett
Download or read book Secondary Influences on Neuropsychological Test Performance written by Peter Arnett and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-01-10 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This exciting new, evidence-based book provides clinicians with a single source for considering the impact of secondary factors on cognitive dysfunction in neurological patients. The influence on testing of depression, anxiety, fatigue, pain, diagnosis threat, and symptom invalidity are all considered in the context of particular neurological disorders.
Download or read book The Practical Guide written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Mindfulness-Based Treatment Approaches by : Ruth A. Baer
Download or read book Mindfulness-Based Treatment Approaches written by Ruth A. Baer and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-07-14 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eastern spiritual traditions have long maintained that mindfulness meditation can improve well-being. More recently, mindfulness-based treatment approaches have been successfully utilized to treat anxiety, depressive relapse, eating disorders, psychosis, and borderline personality disorder. This book discusses the conceptual foundation, implementation, and evidence base for the four best-researched mindfulness treatments: mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR), mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT), dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT). All chapters were written by researchers with extensive clinical experience. Each chapter includes the conceptual rationale for using a mindfulness-based treatment and a review of the relevant evidence base. A detailed case study illustrates how the intervention is implemented in "real life," exploring the clinical and practical issues that may arise and how they can be managed. This book will be of use to clinicians and researchers interested in understanding and implementing mindfulness based treatments. * Comprehensive introduction to the best-researched mindfulness-based treatments * Covers wide range of problems & disorders (anxiety, depression, eating, psychosis, personality disorders, stress, pain, relationship problems, etc) * Discusses a wide range of populations (children, adolescents, older adults, couples) * Includes wide range of settings (outpatient, inpatient, medical, mental health, workplace) * Clinically rich, illustrative case study in every chapter * International perspectives represented (authors from US, Canada, Britain, Sweden)
